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<p class="pretitle">The Promise of Precision Medicine</p><div class='syndicate'><h1>Precision Oncology</h1><div class="featured-media"><div class="ds-1col file file-image file-image-jpeg view-mode-featured_media clearfix">
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</div><div><p>It’s still the case in most medical care systems that cancers are classified mainly by the type of tissue or part of the body in which they arose: lung, brain, breast, colon, pancreas, and so on. But a radical change is underway. Researchers are now identifying the molecular fingerprints of various cancers and using them to divide cancer’s once-broad categories into far more precise types and subtypes. They are also discovering that cancers that develop in totally different parts of the body can sometimes, on a molecular level, have a lot in common. From this new perspective emerges an exciting era in cancer research called precision oncology, in which doctors are choosing treatments based on the DNA signature of an individual patient’s tumor. In one example, using advanced technology to analyze both tumor and blood samples from a large number of children who’d been newly diagnosed with cancer, NIH researchers uncovered genetic signatures that could refine diagnosis, identify inherited cancer susceptibility, or guide treatment for nearly 40 percent of the children.</p>
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<p><a class="button-link" href="/about-nih/what-we-do/nih-turning-discovery-into-health/promise-precision-medicine">« Previous: The Promise of Precision Medicine</a> <a class="button-link blue-dark" href="/about-nih/what-we-do/nih-turning-discovery-into-health/promise-precision-medicine/cancer-immunotherapy">Next: Cancer Immunotherapy »</a></p></div></div>
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