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<p class="publishdate"><span property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2018-07-31T00:00:00-04:00" class="date-display-single">July 31, 2018</span></p><div class='syndicate'><h1>Early family experience affects later romantic relationships</h1><div class="callout callout-with-border"><h3>At a Glance</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Young adults who were raised in a positive family climate with effective parenting were more likely to have healthy romantic relationships.</li>
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<li>The findings give insights into how parenting techniques affect children’s interpersonal skills later in life.</li>
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</ul></div><div class="media-float-right"><div class="ds-1col file file-image file-image-jpeg view-mode-floated_media clearfix">
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<picture title="Happy teen couple gazing into each other’s eyes.">
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-large/public/news-events/research-matters/2018/20180731-romance.jpg?itok=0ltXMTOr&timestamp=1533041109 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 960px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2018/20180731-romance.jpg?itok=k_tCCs0y&timestamp=1533041109 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 800px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2018/20180731-romance.jpg?itok=GnuCGUrK&timestamp=1533041109 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2018/20180731-romance.jpg?itok=jW4-qnBo&timestamp=1533041109 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 480px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-tiny/public/news-events/research-matters/2018/20180731-romance.jpg?itok=H9spZH8q&timestamp=1533041109 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 0)" />
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<img src="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2018/20180731-romance.jpg?itok=k_tCCs0y&timestamp=1533041109" alt="Happy teen couple gazing into each other’s eyes." title="Happy teen couple gazing into each other’s eyes." />
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</picture><span class="caption">Young adults who were raised in a healthy family are more likely to have a healthy romantic relationship. </span><span class="credit">AntonioGuillem/iStock/Thinkstock</span></div>
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</div><p>Learning how to form and sustain happy and healthy romantic relationships is a key skill for young adults. Such relationships are based on feelings of love, effective problem-solving, and the absence of physical and verbal violence. The ability to develop a healthy relationship can be influenced by the experiences people have had within their own families. However, the ways in which the family environment influences interpersonal skills and romantic relationships aren’t well understood.</p>
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<p>A team of researchers led by Penn State graduate student Mengya Xia set out to explore how interpersonal skills and family factors affect romantic relationships. They examined data from a long-term study on preventing substance use among more than 10,000 youths in rural and semi-rural communities in Pennsylvania and Iowa. A randomly selected set of nearly 2,000 participated in a later follow-up project when they were young adults. For this analysis, the team included the 974 participants between 18 and 21 years old who were in a steady romantic relationship. The study was supported by NIH’s National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). The results were published in the July 2018 issue of <em>Journal of Youth and Adolescence</em>.</p>
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<p>The participants were surveyed four times. In grades 6, 7, and 9, they were asked about their assertiveness, positive engagement with their families, family climate, and effectiveness of their parents’ discipline methods. When they were between 18 and 21, they were asked to rate the violence levels, problem-solving skills, and amount of love they felt in their romantic relationships.</p>
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<p>The researchers found that young adults from families that were cohesive, organized, and without much conflict were less likely to be in romantic relationships with violence or poor problem-solving. However, neither the family climate nor the parenting practices were linked to feelings of love in the relationships.</p>
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<p>Family factors also seemed to affect specific interpersonal skills. More effective parenting and a positive family climate appeared to increase the participants’ assertiveness—the ability to respectfully advocate for their needs in a relationship and have positive interactions with their families.</p>
|
||
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||
<p>The influences seemed to go both ways. Participants who had positive family engagement at the start of the study reported later in childhood that they experienced more effective parenting. Assertiveness in childhood also predicted later reports of more effective parenting but did not affect family climate.</p>
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||
<p>This study suggests that adolescents who grow up in positive family climates with effective parenting are more likely to have healthy romantic relationships as young adults. In addition, adolescents who are more assertive and behave positively with their families also help create a positive family climate. </p>
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<p>“The family relationship is the first intimate relationship of your life, and you apply what you learn to later relationships,” Xia says. “It's also where you may learn how to constructively communicate—or perhaps the inverse, to yell and scream—when you have a disagreement.”</p>
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<p>A better understanding of the family dynamics that affect adult interactions could lead to more effective strategies for improving romantic relationships. However, this study included mostly white families in rural and semi-rural areas—and also more females participated than males. More diverse populations will be needed to confirm and expand on the findings.</p>
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<p>—by Claire Rutkowski</p></div><h2 class="label-above">Related Links</h2><ul class="spaced print-urls"><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/molecular-effects-social-stress" target="_top">Molecular Effects of Social Stress</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/ancient-roots-social-networks" target="_top">Ancient Roots of Social Networks</a></li><li><a href="https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2017/09/positive-parenting" target="_top">Positive Parenting</a></li><li><a href="https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2018/04/building-social-bonds" target="_top">Building Social Bonds</a></li><li><a href="https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2017/02/do-social-ties-affect-our-health" target="_top">Do Social Ties Affect Our Health?</a></li></ul><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">References: </strong><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=A+Developmental+Perspective+on+Young+Adult+Romantic+Relationships%3A+Examining+Family+and+Individual+Factors+in+Adolescence">A Developmental Perspective on Young Adult Romantic Relationships: Examining Family and Individual Factors in Adolescence</a>. Xia M, Fosco GM, Lippold MA, Feinberg ME<em>. J Youth Adolesc</em>. 2018 Jul;47(7):1499-1516. doi: 10.1007/s10964-018-0815-8. Epub 2018 Feb 13. PMID: 29435787.</p><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">Funding: </strong>NIH’s National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); and the Karl R. and Diane Wendle Fink Early Career Professorship for the Study of Families.</p>
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<div about="/block/research-matters---popular-stori" class="ds-1col entity entity-bean bean-research-matters-block view-mode-default clearfix">
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-can-we-slow-aging">Research in Context: Can we slow aging?</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/brain-changes-observed-during-pregnancy">Brain changes observed during pregnancy</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-detecting-cancer">Research in Context: Detecting cancer</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/risk-future-burden-dementia-united-states">Risk and future burden of dementia in the United States </a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/complete-wiring-map-adult-fruit-fly-brain">Complete wiring map of an adult fruit fly brain</a></p>
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<h3 class="block__title">About NIH Research Matters</h3>
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<p><strong>Editor:</strong> Harrison Wein, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong>Assistant Editors:</strong> Vicki Contie and Brian Doctrow, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong><em>NIH Research Matters </em></strong>is a weekly update of NIH research highlights reviewed by NIH’s experts. It's published by the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison">Office of Communications and Public Liaison</a> in the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director">NIH Office of the Director</a>.</p>
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<p>ISSN 2375-9593</p>
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