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<p class="publishdate"><span property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2016-09-06T00:00:00-04:00" class="date-display-single">September 6, 2016</span></p><div class='syndicate'><h1>Tracking parkinsonian disease progression</h1><div class="callout callout-with-border"><h3>At a Glance</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Researchers measured brain activity in patients with Parkinson’s disease and 2 Parkinson’s-like disorders over a year.</li>
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<li>The results showed unique patterns of activity for each disease, suggesting ways to monitor their progression and treatment.</li>
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<picture title="Brain scans taken a year apart show different levels of activity in certain areas.">
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<!--[if IE 9]><video style="display: none;"><![endif]-->
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-large/public/news-events/research-matters/2016/20160906-parkinsonian.jpg?itok=4UVI8clB&timestamp=1472838853 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 960px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2016/20160906-parkinsonian.jpg?itok=XgYXZ0Eu&timestamp=1472838853 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 800px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2016/20160906-parkinsonian.jpg?itok=xgidYj-Z&timestamp=1472838853 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2016/20160906-parkinsonian.jpg?itok=H-wQCikm&timestamp=1472838853 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 480px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-tiny/public/news-events/research-matters/2016/20160906-parkinsonian.jpg?itok=o0tJbHPS&timestamp=1472838853 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 0)" />
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<img src="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2016/20160906-parkinsonian.jpg?itok=XgYXZ0Eu&timestamp=1472838853" alt="Brain scans taken a year apart show different levels of activity in certain areas." title="Brain scans taken a year apart show different levels of activity in certain areas." />
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</picture><span class="caption">A new study shows that activity declines over time in different brain areas for people with Parkinson’s disease and 2 related syndromes.</span><span class="credit">David Vaillancourt, Ph.D., University of Florida.</span></div>
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||
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||
</div><p>Parkinson’s disease destroys neurons in the brain that are essential for controlling movement. As a result, people may have shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination. Symptoms usually begin gradually and get worse over time.</p>
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||
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||
<p>Other disorders can cause symptoms similar to those of Parkinson’s disease. When people don’t show all of the classic symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, or have additional symptoms, they’re said to have “parkinsonism.” Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a slowly progressive disorder that affects the nerves in the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) as well as those that extend from the spinal cord out to the body’s organs (autonomic nervous system). Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare, progressive brain disorder that causes problems with control of walking and balance.</p>
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<p>A research team led by Dr. David Vaillancourt at the University of Florida examined how these 3 diseases affect brain regions that are critical for movement and balance. The research was funded by NIH’s National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Results were published in <em>Neurology </em>on August 16, 2016.</p>
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<p>The team enrolled 46 patients with Parkinson’s disease, 13 with MSA, 19 with PSP, and 34 healthy controls. The participants underwent 2 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain scans spaced a year apart. During the scans, they performed a grip strength exercise that allowed researchers to measure changes in muscle control-related areas of the brain.</p>
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||
<p>The healthy controls showed no changes in brain activity after a year. Participants with Parkinson’s showed reduced responses in 2 brain regions called the putamen and the primary motor cortex. Previous research has found reduced activity in the primary motor cortex of Parkinson’s patients, but this study demonstrates that this deficit continues to worsen over time. For patients with MSA, activity decreased in the primary motor cortex as well as the supplementary motor area and the superior cerebellum. Individuals with PSP showed a decline in the responses of all 4 regions.</p>
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<p>Clinical trials for Parkinson’s disease have long relied on observing whether a therapy improves patients’ symptoms, but such studies reveal little about how the treatment affects the underlying progressive neurodegeneration. This study suggests measurable targets, called biomarkers, which could be useful for assessing whether a drug slows or even stops the progression of the disease in the brain.</p>
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<p>“For decades, the field has been searching for an effective biomarker for Parkinson’s disease,” says Dr. Debra Babcock, a neuroscientist and neurologist at NINDS. “This study is an example of how brain imaging biomarkers can be used to monitor the progression of Parkinson’s disease and other neurological disorders.”</p>
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</div><h2 class="label-above">Related Links</h2><ul class="spaced print-urls"><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/targeting-parkinsons-disease-pathways" target="_top">Targeting Parkinson’s Disease Pathways</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/study-reveals-new-targets-parkinsons-disease" target="_top">Study Reveals New Targets for Parkinson's Disease</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/skin-cells-yield-clues-parkinsons-disease" target="_top">Skin Cells Yield Clues to Parkinson’s Disease</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/study-reveals-parkinsons-disease-risk-genes" target="_top">Study Reveals Parkinson’s Disease Risk Genes</a></li><li><a href="https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/issue/Jan2014/feature1" target="_top">Dealing with Dementia: When Thinking and Behavior Decline </a></li><li><a href="http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/parkinsons_disease/parkinsons_disease.htm" target="_top">Parkinson's Disease Information Page</a></li></ul><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">References: </strong><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27421545">Functional MRI of disease progression in Parkinson disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes. </a>Burciu RG, Chung JW, Shukla P, Ofori E, Li H, McFarland NR, Okun MS, Vaillancourt DE. <em>Neurology.</em> 2016 Aug 16;87(7):709-17. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002985. Epub 2016 Jul 15. PMID: 27421545.</p><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">Funding: </strong>NIH’s National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.</p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-can-we-slow-aging">Research in Context: Can we slow aging?</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/brain-changes-observed-during-pregnancy">Brain changes observed during pregnancy</a></p>
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|
||
<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-detecting-cancer">Research in Context: Detecting cancer</a></p>
|
||
|
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/risk-future-burden-dementia-united-states">Risk and future burden of dementia in the United States </a></p>
|
||
|
||
<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/complete-wiring-map-adult-fruit-fly-brain">Complete wiring map of an adult fruit fly brain</a></p>
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<h3 class="block__title">About NIH Research Matters</h3>
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<p><strong>Editor:</strong> Harrison Wein, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong>Assistant Editors:</strong> Vicki Contie and Brian Doctrow, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong><em>NIH Research Matters </em></strong>is a weekly update of NIH research highlights reviewed by NIH’s experts. It's published by the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison">Office of Communications and Public Liaison</a> in the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director">NIH Office of the Director</a>.</p>
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<p>ISSN 2375-9593</p>
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