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<p class="publishdate"><span property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2024-05-14T00:00:00-04:00" class="date-display-single">May 14, 2024</span></p><div class='syndicate'><h1>Anger may harm heart and blood vessel health </h1><div class="callout callout-with-border"><h3>At a Glance</h3>
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<li>Researchers found that brief bouts of anger can impair the ability of blood vessels to expand and contract, which might have consequences for heart health.</li>
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<li>Future studies will be needed to better understand the long-term effects of anger and other negative emotions on the body.</li>
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</ul></div><div class="media-float-right"><div class="ds-1col file file-image file-image-jpeg view-mode-floated_media clearfix">
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-large/public/news-events/research-matters/2024/20240514-anger.jpg?itok=SYDD9bsd&timestamp=1715645654 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 960px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2024/20240514-anger.jpg?itok=TPPs_xoA&timestamp=1715645654 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 800px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2024/20240514-anger.jpg?itok=VhKOKPLx&timestamp=1715645654 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2024/20240514-anger.jpg?itok=he6AFwIc&timestamp=1715645654 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 480px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-tiny/public/news-events/research-matters/2024/20240514-anger.jpg?itok=uNpEds9g&timestamp=1715645654 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 0)" />
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<!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]-->
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<img src="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2024/20240514-anger.jpg?itok=TPPs_xoA&timestamp=1715645654" alt="Close-up of a man’s fist with veins showing on arm." title="Close-up of a man’s fist with veins showing on arm." />
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</picture><span class="caption">Anger may affect long-term cardiovascular health through its effects on blood vessels.</span><span class="credit">Kamil Zajaczkowski / Shutterstock</span></div>
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</div><p>Several studies have found links between negative emotions and cardiovascular problems. The underlying mechanisms have been unclear, but impaired blood vessel function may contribute. The inner lining of blood vessels, called the endothelium, is known to help control blood vessel dilation. Previous research suggests that faulty activity of endothelial cells may be an early step leading to atherosclerosis and other heart-related disorders.</p>
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||
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||
<p>A research team led by Dr. Daichi Shimbo of Columbia University set out to learn more about potential links between negative emotions and blood vessel function. They enrolled 280 adults, ages 18 and older, in the New York City area. The average age of participants was 26. About 40% were Caucasian, 29% Hispanic/Latino, 19% Asian, and 14% Black. All were considered healthy, with no reported history of heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, or other serious conditions. None reported taking medications or dietary supplements.</p>
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||
<p>Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: anger, anxiety, sadness, or emotionally neutral. Those in the anger or anxiety groups were asked to recall and talk for eight minutes about a personal memory that evoked the assigned emotion. Those in the sadness group read aloud for eight minutes a series of sentences designed to elicit sadness. And those in the fourth group repeatedly counted to 100 for the same amount of time, which controlled for potential effects of speaking.</p>
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<p>The researchers collected several measurements before and after the emotion-related task. These included blood pressure, heart rate, and blood tests. Specialized probes placed on participants’ index fingers were used to detect changes to blood vessel dilation. The team also tested for evidence of cell injury or reduced repair capacity in blood vessels. Measurements were taken at baseline and at 3, 40, 70, and 100 minutes after the task. Results were reported in the <em>Journal of the American Heart Association </em>on May 7, 2024.</p>
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||
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||
<p>Participants in the anger group had significant impairment to blood vessel dilation compared to the neutral group. This impairment continued for up to 40 minutes after the anger task had ended. Blood vessel function in the anxiety group may also have been impaired, but the effect wasn’t large enough to prove it wasn’t due to chance. Blood vessel function in the sadness group was not significantly affected. The team found no significant evidence of cell injury or repair problems in any group.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The researchers propose that repeated episodes of negative emotions like anger might have a cumulative effect on cardiovascular health. Over time, ongoing anger might lead to permanent damage and increased risk for cardiovascular disease.</p>
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||
<p>“We’ve long suspected, based on observational studies, that anger can negatively affect the heart,” says Dr. Laurie Friedman Donze, an NIH psychologist and program officer. “This study in healthy adults helps fill a real knowledge gap and shows how this might occur.”</p>
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<p>“We saw that evoking an angered state led to blood vessel dysfunction, though we don’t yet understand what may cause these changes,” Shimbo notes. “Investigation into the underlying links between anger and blood vessel dysfunction may help identify effective intervention targets for people at increased risk of cardiovascular events.”</p></div><h2 class="label-above">Related Links</h2><ul class="spaced print-urls"><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/how-sars-cov-2-contributes-heart-attacks-strokes" target="_top">How SARS-CoV-2 Contributes to Heart Attacks and Strokes </a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/irregular-sleep-patterns-may-raise-risk-heart-disease" target="_top">Irregular Sleep Patterns May Raise Risk of Heart Disease </a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/lingering-feelings-over-daily-stresses-may-impact-long-term-health" target="_top">Lingering Feelings Over Daily Stresses May Impact Long-term Health </a></li><li><a href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/atherosclerosis" target="_top">Atherosclerosis</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/coronary-heart-disease" target="_top">Coronary Heart Disease</a></li></ul><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">References: </strong><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38690710/">Translational Research of the Acute Effects of Negative Emotions on Vascular Endothelial Health: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Study.</a> Shimbo D, Cohen MT, McGoldrick M, Ensari I, Diaz KM, Fu J, Duran AT, Zhao S, Suls JM, Burg MM, Chaplin WF. <em>J Am Heart Assoc</em>. 2024 May 7;13(9):e032698. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.032698. Epub 2024 May 1. PMID: 38690710. </p><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">Funding: </strong>NIH’s National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI).</p>
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<div about="/block/research-matters---popular-stori" class="ds-1col entity entity-bean bean-research-matters-block view-mode-default clearfix">
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-can-we-slow-aging">Research in Context: Can we slow aging?</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/brain-changes-observed-during-pregnancy">Brain changes observed during pregnancy</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-detecting-cancer">Research in Context: Detecting cancer</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/risk-future-burden-dementia-united-states">Risk and future burden of dementia in the United States </a></p>
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||
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||
<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/complete-wiring-map-adult-fruit-fly-brain">Complete wiring map of an adult fruit fly brain</a></p>
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</div>
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<h3 class="block__title">About NIH Research Matters</h3>
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<div about="/block/research-matters---about" class="ds-1col entity entity-bean bean-research-matters-block view-mode-default clearfix">
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<p><strong>Editor:</strong> Harrison Wein, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong>Assistant Editors:</strong> Vicki Contie and Brian Doctrow, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong><em>NIH Research Matters </em></strong>is a weekly update of NIH research highlights reviewed by NIH’s experts. It's published by the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison">Office of Communications and Public Liaison</a> in the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director">NIH Office of the Director</a>.</p>
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<p>ISSN 2375-9593</p>
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