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<p class="publishdate"><span property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2022-11-01T00:00:00-04:00" class="date-display-single">November 1, 2022</span></p><div class='syndicate'><h1>Experimental cat allergy shots provide longer-lasting relief</h1><div class="callout callout-with-border"><h3>At a Glance</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>An experimental approach that combines cat allergy shots with a monoclonal antibody led to more effective relief that continued a year after treatment ended.</li>
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<li>This approach might also be effective for other types of allergies, including food allergies</li>
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</ul></div><div class="media-float-right"><div class="ds-1col file file-image file-image-jpeg view-mode-floated_media clearfix">
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-large/public/news-events/research-matters/2022/20221101-cat-allergy.jpg?itok=IukPstD_&timestamp=1667309278 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 960px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2022/20221101-cat-allergy.jpg?itok=XjR4BZux&timestamp=1667309278 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 800px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2022/20221101-cat-allergy.jpg?itok=KVMqCD3S&timestamp=1667309278 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2022/20221101-cat-allergy.jpg?itok=gr4ZH6hC&timestamp=1667309278 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 480px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-tiny/public/news-events/research-matters/2022/20221101-cat-allergy.jpg?itok=ohyauBUv&timestamp=1667309278 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 0)" />
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<img src="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2022/20221101-cat-allergy.jpg?itok=XjR4BZux&timestamp=1667309278" alt="Woman sneezing near furry cat" title="Woman sneezing near furry cat" />
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</picture><span class="caption">A new technique was more effective at relieving cat allergies than previous approaches. </span><span class="credit">Hananeko_Studio / Shutterstock</span></div>
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</div><p>For people with cat allergies, exposure to these furry creatures can lead to stuffy nose, sneezing, scratchy throat, itchy rashes, and sometimes even trouble breathing. These unpleasant responses arise because the allergic person’s protective immune system overreacts to harmless cat proteins, mistaking them for dangerous disease-causing microbes. Proteins that can cause immune reactions, called antigens, are found in cat skin, saliva, and urine, and can be carried on cat hair and dander.</p>
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<p>One form of treatment to reduce such allergic reactions has long been allergen immunotherapy, or allergy shots. Allergy shots gradually expose the body to increased doses of cat antigens. This causes the immune system to eventually tolerate the harmless cat proteins. But the treatment often requires shots every week or two for up to a year, followed by monthly shots for at least three years. And allergy shots don’t work for everyone.</p>
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||
<p>A research team led by Dr. Jon Corren of UCLA tested to see if adding a monoclonal antibody called tezepelumab to standard therapy could improve results. Tezepelumab blocks the action of a cell-signaling molecule called thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). TSLP has been linked to asthma and well as other allergic diseases.</p>
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||
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||
<p>The researchers enrolled 121 adults, ages 18 to 65. All had a history of cat allergies. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. One group received approximately monthly infusions of tezepelumab plus weekly, then monthly cat allergy shots for nearly a year. The other groups received similarly scheduled doses of tezepelumab plus inactive placebo shots, placebo infusions plus allergy shots, or placebo infusions and shots.</p>
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||
<p>Participants were followed for a year after treatment ended. Results appeared on October 11, 2022, in the <em>Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.</em></p>
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||
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<p>To test how well each regimen worked, the researchers gave participants spritzes of a nasal spray containing cat allergen extract. They then measured nasal symptoms and air flow through the nose from five minutes to up to five hours later.</p>
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||
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||
<p>By the end of year one, the peak nasal symptoms were significantly lower for people who received tezepelumab plus allergy shots compared to those receiving allergy shots alone. A year after treatment ended, the standard allergy shots had lost their effectiveness, with peak nasal symptoms comparable to the placebo group. But the combination therapy group continued to have reduced peak nasal symptoms.</p>
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||
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||
<p>The findings suggest that inhibition of TSLP enhances the effectiveness of standard allergy shots. The combination therapy also offers some lasting protection. The researchers are working to better understand how the combination therapy works. In addition, plans are underway to assess the effectiveness of tezepelumab plus oral immunotherapy for food allergy.</p>
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<p>“People with chronic allergy symptoms may suffer from reduced productivity and quality of life,” says Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, director of NIH’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. “Developing allergen immunotherapy regimens that work better and more quickly than those currently available would provide much-needed relief for many people.”</p></div><h2 class="label-above">Related Links</h2><ul class="spaced print-urls"><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/antibody-treatment-protects-adults-against-malaria" target="_top">Antibody Treatment Protects Adults Against Malaria</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/oral-immunotherapy-peanut-allergy-young-children" target="_top">Oral Immunotherapy for Peanut Allergy in Young Children</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/infant-exposure-pet-pest-allergens-may-reduce-asthma-risk" target="_top">Infant Exposure to Pet and Pest Allergens May Reduce Asthma Risk</a></li><li><a href="https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2016/06/seeking-allergy-relief" target="_top">Seeking Allergy Relief</a></li></ul><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">References: </strong><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36223848/">Effects of combination treatment with tezepelumab and allergen immunotherapy on nasal responses to allergen: a randomized controlled trial.</a> Corren J, Larson D, Altman MC, Segnitz RM, Avila PC, Greenberger PA, Baroody F, Moss MH, Nelson H, Burbank AJ, Hernandez ML, Peden D, Saini S, Tilles S, Hussain I, Whitehouse D, Qin T, Villarreal M, Sever M, Wheatley LM, Nepom GT, Sanda S; Immune Tolerance Network ITN057AD CATNIP Study Team. <em>J Allergy Clin Immunol.</em> 2022 Oct 9:S0091-6749(22)01333-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.08.029. Online ahead of print. PMID: 36223848.</p><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">Funding: </strong>NIH’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).</p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-can-we-slow-aging">Research in Context: Can we slow aging?</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/brain-changes-observed-during-pregnancy">Brain changes observed during pregnancy</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/risk-future-burden-dementia-united-states">Risk and future burden of dementia in the United States </a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/complete-wiring-map-adult-fruit-fly-brain">Complete wiring map of an adult fruit fly brain</a></p>
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<p><strong><em>NIH Research Matters </em></strong>is a weekly update of NIH research highlights reviewed by NIH’s experts. It's published by the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison">Office of Communications and Public Liaison</a> in the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director">NIH Office of the Director</a>.</p>
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