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<h2 class="element-invisible">You are here</h2><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/">Home</a> » <a href="/news-events">News & Events</a> » <a href="/news-events/nih-research-matters">NIH Research Matters</a></div> <div class="l-region l-region--section-header">
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<div about="/news-events/nih-research-matters/computerized-screening-may-help-identify-youth-risk-suicide" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node--nih-research-matters view-mode-full node--full node--nih-research-matters--full clearfix">
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<p class="publishdate"><span property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2021-02-23T00:00:00-05:00" class="date-display-single">February 23, 2021</span></p><div class='syndicate'><h1>Computerized screening may help identify youth at risk for suicide </h1><div class="callout callout-with-border"><h3>At a Glance</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Researchers developed a fast, computerized screening test to identify youth at risk for attempting suicide.</li>
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<li>The test could help emergency departments quickly get supportive services to those who need it.</li>
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</ul></div><div class="media-float-right"><div class="ds-1col file file-image file-image-jpeg view-mode-floated_media clearfix">
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<picture title="A senior black doctor explaining something on a tablet to a young black woman">
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-large/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210223-suicide.jpg?itok=8xK_CvGn&timestamp=1614017085 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 960px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210223-suicide.jpg?itok=8SBn2-rX&timestamp=1614017085 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 800px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210223-suicide.jpg?itok=9Y4G2wyT&timestamp=1614017085 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210223-suicide.jpg?itok=kccsAxAL&timestamp=1614017085 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 480px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-tiny/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210223-suicide.jpg?itok=P293ZB4o&timestamp=1614017085 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 0)" />
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<!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]-->
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<img src="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210223-suicide.jpg?itok=8SBn2-rX&timestamp=1614017085" alt="A senior black doctor explaining something on a tablet to a young black womanA senior black doctor explaining something on a tablet to a young black woman" title="A senior black doctor explaining something on a tablet to a young black woman" />
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</picture><span class="caption">Emergency departments are one place where doctors could regularly screen for suicide risk. </span><span class="credit">adamkaz / E+ via Getty Images</span></div>
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</div><p>Suicide rates for adolescents have risen over the past two decades. In 2019, nearly 1,600 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 died by suicide. Only about 40% of adolescents who die by suicide have been treated for a mental health concern. To help ensure that at-risk youth receive help, it is important to screen broadly for suicide risk.</p>
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||
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||
<p>Emergency departments are a common place where youth access emergency care. This makes it is an optimal place to implement universal screening for suicide risk. But emergency rooms face many challenges to screening, including lack of time and budgetary restrictions. A tool that could quickly and accurately identify suicide risk would help providers implement universal screening in these settings.</p>
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||
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||
<p>A team of scientists led by Dr. Cheryl A. King at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor developed a computerized suicide screener. The screener, called the computerized adaptive screen for suicidal youth (CASSY), asks a series of questions—11 on average—and takes between 1 to 2 minutes to complete.</p>
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||
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||
<p>In collaboration with emergency departments across the U.S., the team recruited youth between the ages of 12 and 17 to help develop and test the screener. The study was funded in part by NIH’S National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Results were published on February 3, 2021 in <em>JAMA Psychiatry.</em></p>
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||
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||
<p>In the first phase of the study, youth who were admitted to an emergency department at the study sites were randomly selected to complete self-report questionnaires (92 main questions and up to 27 additional questions). More than 2,000 youth answered questions on a computer tablet. Questions assessed factors related to suicide risk, including suicidal thoughts; history of suicide attempts; self-injury; depression; hopelessness; alcohol and drug misuse; family, school, and social connectedness; and physical and sexual abuse.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The youth and their parents then received follow-up calls three months after this initial screening to learn if the youth had tried to end their life in the intervening months. The researchers used these data to create the CASSY. They found that using 11 items from the questionnaires could provide nearly the same predictive value as 72 of the questions.</p>
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||
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||
<p>In the second phase of the study, the team tested the ability of CASSY to predict suicide risk in a new set of more than 2,700 youth, aged 12 to17, at 15 emergency departments. Youth completed the CASSY. Similar to phase 1, families were contacted three months later to learn whether the youth had tried to end their life.</p>
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||
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||
<p>In this second phase of the study, 6% of participants attempted suicide in the three months between initial screening and follow-up. CASSY correctly identified 82% of the youth who had attempted suicide.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>“No young person should die by suicide, which is why we have made bending the curve in suicide rates a priority area of research for our institute,” says Dr. Joshua A. Gordon, director of NIMH. “The CASSY screener represents an important advance in identifying those adolescents who are at risk for suicide, so they can be connected with the critical support services they need.”</p></div><h2 class="label-above">Related Links</h2><ul class="spaced print-urls"><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/rural-youth-often-lack-access-suicide-prevention-services" target="_top">Rural Youth Often Lack Access to Suicide Prevention Services</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/machine-learning-identifies-suicidal-youth" target="_top">Machine Learning Identifies Suicidal Youth</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/biomarkers-questionnaires-predict-suicide-risk" target="_top">Biomarkers and Questionnaires Predict Suicide Risk</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/blood-markers-may-signal-suicide-risk" target="_top">Blood Markers May Signal Suicide Risk</a></li><li><a href="https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2019/09/teen-suicide" target="_top">Teen Suicide: Understanding the Risk and Getting Help</a></li><li><a href="https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2017/09/hurtful-emotions" target="_top">Hurtful Emotions: Understanding Self-Harm</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/suicide-prevention/index.shtml" target="_top">Suicide Prevention</a></li><li><a href="http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/suicide.shtml" target="_top">Suicide</a></li></ul><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">References: </strong><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33533908/">Prospective Development and Validation of the Computerized Adaptive Screen for Suicidal Youth</a>. King CA, Brent D, Grupp-Phelan J, Casper TC, Dean JM, Chernick LS, Fein JA, Mahabee-Gittens EM, Patel SJ, Mistry RD, Duffy S, Melzer-Lange M, Rogers A, Cohen DM, Keller A, Shenoi R, Hickey RW, Rea M, Cwik M, Page K, McGuire TC, Wang J, Gibbons R; Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. <em>JAMA Psychiatry. </em>2021 Feb 3. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4576. Online ahead of print. PMID: 33533908.</p><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">Funding: </strong>NIH’S National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA).</p>
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<p><strong>Editor:</strong> Harrison Wein, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong><em>NIH Research Matters </em></strong>is a weekly update of NIH research highlights reviewed by NIH’s experts. It's published by the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison">Office of Communications and Public Liaison</a> in the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director">NIH Office of the Director</a>.</p>
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