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<h2 class="element-invisible">You are here</h2><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/">Home</a> » <a href="/news-events">News & Events</a> » <a href="/news-events/nih-research-matters">NIH Research Matters</a></div> <div class="l-region l-region--section-header">
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<div about="/news-events/nih-research-matters/brown-fat-associated-less-heart-metabolic-disease" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node--nih-research-matters view-mode-full node--full node--nih-research-matters--full clearfix">
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<p class="publishdate"><span property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2021-02-02T00:00:00-05:00" class="date-display-single">February 2, 2021</span></p><div class='syndicate'><h1>Brown fat associated with less heart and metabolic disease</h1><div class="callout callout-with-border"><h3>At a Glance</h3>
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<li>People with measurable levels of brown fat were less likely to have type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, or high blood pressure.</li>
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<li>Brown fat appeared to be protective even if people were overweight or obese, highlighting its potential as a target for disease prevention.</li>
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</ul></div><div class="media-float-right"><div class="ds-1col file file-image file-image-jpeg view-mode-floated_media clearfix">
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<picture title="PET scans with brown fat">
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<!--[if IE 9]><video style="display: none;"><![endif]-->
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-large/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210202-bat-edited.jpg?itok=REyzNqb0&timestamp=1612297013 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 960px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210202-bat-edited.jpg?itok=larSV-ia&timestamp=1612297013 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 800px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210202-bat-edited.jpg?itok=aV9gwsgK&timestamp=1612297013 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210202-bat-edited.jpg?itok=2Z-bnYld&timestamp=1612297013 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 480px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-tiny/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210202-bat-edited.jpg?itok=Dx4s_ABU&timestamp=1612297013 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 0)" />
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<!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]-->
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<img src="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2021/20210202-bat-edited.jpg?itok=larSV-ia&timestamp=1612297013" alt="PET scans with brown fat" title="PET scans with brown fat" />
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||
</picture><span class="caption">In these PET scans, the person on the left has abundant brown fat around the neck and cervical spine. The person on the right has no detectable brown fat. </span><span class="credit">Andreas G. Wibmer and Heiko Schöder, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center</span></div>
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</div><p>Too much white fat, a characteristic of obesity, has been shown to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases. A less common type of fat, called brown fat, uses blood sugar and fat molecules to create heat and help maintain body temperature. Studies suggest it may have beneficial health effects.</p>
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||
<p>Researchers have been interested in the potential of harnessing brown fat as a treatment for diseases related to obesity. But whether it actually contributes to better health has been unclear. Measuring brown fat requires a type of imaging called a PET scan. Because PET scans use radiation, researchers don’t want to use them in healthy people.</p>
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||
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||
<p>However, people with cancer often undergo PET scanning to track tumors before, during, or after treatment. At some institutions, doctors reading these scans routinely mark areas of brown fat to prevent them from being mistaken for tumors.</p>
|
||
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||
<p>A research team led by Dr. Paul Cohen from the Rockefeller University examined such scans from more than 50,000 people seen at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center during the last ten years. Brown fat was marked on scans taken from about 10% of the patients.</p>
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||
<p>The researchers compared the prevalence of several heart and metabolic diseases between people with brown fat and a matched group who didn’t have measurable brown fat. They matched people by sex, age, body-mass index (BMI), and the outdoor temperatures at the time the scans were taken, which can also affect brown fat.</p>
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||
<p>The team adjusted for factors thought to either decrease or increase the potential for brown fat production. These included the use of some medications, such as beta blockers and statins, and different cancer treatments.</p>
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||
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||
<p>The study was funded in part by NIH’s National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS). Results were published on January 4, 2021, in <em>Nature Medicine</em>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The team found that people with brown fat were less likely to have type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, harmful levels of blood cholesterol and fats, heart failure, or high blood pressure.</p>
|
||
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||
<p>This reduced risk was observed even among people who were obese or overweight. Overall, the researchers saw the prevalence of heart and metabolic diseases rise with increasing BMI. However, this rise was tempered in people with brown fat. For example, about 20% of obese participants without brown fat had type 2 diabetes. In comparison, less than 8% of obese participants with measurable brown fat had the condition.</p>
|
||
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||
<p>Blood samples showed that the presence of brown fat was linked with better blood sugar control and improved levels of triglycerides (a kind of fat) and high-density lipoprotein (“good” cholesterol). Brown fat was also associated with differences in levels of some types of immune and blood cells. This suggests that brown fat may have effects on the body outside of metabolism.</p>
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||
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||
<p>The study revealed a link between brown fat and lower risk of certain conditions. “The natural question that everybody has is, ‘What can I do to get more brown fat?’” Cohen says. “We don’t have a good answer to that yet, but it will be an exciting space for scientists to explore in the upcoming years.”</p>
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<p>—by Sharon Reynolds</p></div><h2 class="label-above">Related Links</h2><ul class="spaced print-urls"><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/drug-activates-brown-fat-improves-glucose-metabolism-healthy-women" target="_top">Drug Activates Brown Fat, Improves Glucose Metabolism in Healthy Women</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/how-brown-fat-improves-metabolism" target="_top">How Brown Fat Improves Metabolism </a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/nanoparticles-target-transform-fat-tissue" target="_top">Nanoparticles Target, Transform Fat Tissue</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/insights-into-energy-burning-fat-cells" target="_top">Insights into Energy-Burning Fat Cells</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/shivering-triggers-brown-fat-produce-heat-burn-calories" target="_top">Shivering Triggers Brown Fat to Produce Heat and Burn Calories</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/cool-temperature-alters-human-fat-metabolism" target="_top">Cool Temperature Alters Human Fat and Metabolism</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/overlooked-brown-fat-tied-obesity" target="_top">Overlooked “Brown Fat” Tied to Obesity</a></li><li><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/weight-management/adult-overweight-obesity" target="_top">Understanding Adult Overweight & Obesity</a></li></ul><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">References: </strong><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33398160/">Brown adipose tissue is associated with cardiometabolic health.</a> Becher T, Palanisamy S, Kramer DJ, Eljalby M, Marx SJ, Wibmer AG, Butler SD, Jiang CS, Vaughan R, Schöder H, Mark A, Cohen P. <em>Nat Med</em>. 2021 Jan;27(1):58-65. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-1126-7. Epub 2021 Jan 4. PMID: 33398160.</p><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">Funding: </strong>NIH’s National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS); Sinsheimer Foundation; American Diabetes Association.</p>
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NIH Research Matters<br />
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-can-we-slow-aging">Research in Context: Can we slow aging?</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/brain-changes-observed-during-pregnancy">Brain changes observed during pregnancy</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/research-context-detecting-cancer">Research in Context: Detecting cancer</a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/risk-future-burden-dementia-united-states">Risk and future burden of dementia in the United States </a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/complete-wiring-map-adult-fruit-fly-brain">Complete wiring map of an adult fruit fly brain</a></p>
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<p><strong>Assistant Editors:</strong> Vicki Contie and Brian Doctrow, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong><em>NIH Research Matters </em></strong>is a weekly update of NIH research highlights reviewed by NIH’s experts. It's published by the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison">Office of Communications and Public Liaison</a> in the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director">NIH Office of the Director</a>.</p>
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