1181 lines
No EOL
84 KiB
Text
1181 lines
No EOL
84 KiB
Text
<!doctype html>
|
||
|
||
<html lang="en-US">
|
||
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
|
||
<title>Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Blog - NIDDK</title>
|
||
|
||
<meta name="msvalidate.01" content="7FEF9D64C9916EC9393EB5B21BD0037E">
|
||
|
||
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
|
||
<link rel="icon" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/favicon.ico">
|
||
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/images/apple-touch-icon.png">
|
||
|
||
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
|
||
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com">
|
||
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
|
||
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com">
|
||
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://dap.digitalgov.gov">
|
||
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://livechat.niddk.nih.gov">
|
||
<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/styles/fonts/merriweather-v30-latin-regular.woff2" crossorigin>
|
||
<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/styles/fonts/open-sans-v29-latin-regular.woff2" crossorigin>
|
||
<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/styles/fonts/open-sans-v29-latin-600.woff2" crossorigin>
|
||
<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/styles/fonts/open-sans-v29-latin-700.woff2" crossorigin>
|
||
<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/styles/fonts/montserrat-v24-latin-regular.woff2" crossorigin>
|
||
<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/styles/fonts/dki.woff2" crossorigin>
|
||
|
||
<link rel="preload" as="fetch" href="/_internal/livechat/livechatstatus?id=379fd5f6-6eb7-447c-8cf2-89d26e6ae151" id="_lcstatuslink" crossorigin>
|
||
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/slick-carousel/slick.min.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/jquery-scrolltabs/scrolltabs.min.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/magnific-popup/magnific-popup.min.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/tablesaw/tablesaw.min.css">
|
||
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/styles/niddk-web.css">
|
||
<noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/styles/niddk-nojs.css"></noscript>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/rss" title="Diabetes Discoveries & Practice Blog RSS feed" />
|
||
<link href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/metformin-vitamin-b12-deficiency" rel="canonical" />
|
||
<meta name="description" content="Hear Dr. Jill Crandall discuss the relationship between metformin and vitamin B12 deficiency." />
|
||
<meta name="keywords" content="metformin, vitamin B12 deficiency, diabetes care" />
|
||
<meta property="og:url" content="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/metformin-vitamin-b12-deficiency">
|
||
<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
|
||
<meta property="og:title" content="Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Blog - NIDDK" />
|
||
<meta property="og:description" content="Hear Dr. Jill Crandall discuss the relationship between metformin and vitamin B12 deficiency." />
|
||
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/-/media/Images/Blog/MetforminVitaminB12Deficiency_600x350.png" />
|
||
<meta property="og:site_name" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" />
|
||
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
|
||
<meta name="twitter:site:id" content="1901405066" />
|
||
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Blog - NIDDK" />
|
||
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Hear Dr. Jill Crandall discuss the relationship between metformin and vitamin B12 deficiency." />
|
||
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/-/media/Images/Blog/MetforminVitaminB12Deficiency_600x350.png" />
|
||
<script>
|
||
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
|
||
dataLayer.push({"pageID":"379fd5f6-6eb7-447c-8cf2-89d26e6ae151","pagePath":"/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/metformin-vitamin-b12-deficiency","pageTitle":"Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency","pageDiseaseArea":"Diabetes","pageLanguage":"English","pageAudience":"Health Professionals","lastReviewedDate":"2018-04-20"});
|
||
</script>
|
||
<script type="application/ld+json">
|
||
{
|
||
"@context": "https://schema.org",
|
||
"@type": "BlogPosting",
|
||
"headline": "Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency",
|
||
"description": "Hear Dr. Jill Crandall discuss the relationship between metformin and vitamin B12 deficiency.",
|
||
"url": "https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/2018/metformin-vitamin-b12-deficiency",
|
||
|
||
"image": [
|
||
"https://www.niddk.nih.gov/-/media/Images/Blog/MetforminVitaminB12Deficiency_600x350.png"
|
||
],
|
||
|
||
"datePublished": "2022-08-31 18:30:06 -04:00",
|
||
"dateModified": "2022-08-31 18:30:06 -04:00",
|
||
"publisher": {
|
||
"@type": "Organization",
|
||
"name": "NIDDK - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases",
|
||
"logo": {
|
||
"@type": "ImageObject",
|
||
"url": "https://www.niddk.nih.gov/-/media/Images/Components/common/site-logo-full.svg"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
<script type="application/ld+json">
|
||
{
|
||
"@context": "https://schema.org",
|
||
"@type": "VideoObject",
|
||
"name": "Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency",
|
||
"description": "Providers need to be aware of the possibility of B12 deficiency and monitor patients.",
|
||
"embedUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/embed/SF7vOJjMEws",
|
||
"uploadDate": "2022-08-31",
|
||
"thumbnailUrl": [
|
||
"https://img.youtube.com/vi/SF7vOJjMEws/0.jpg"
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
|
||
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
|
||
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
|
||
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
|
||
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MBRL4D');</script></head>
|
||
<body itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" class="page-lang-en">
|
||
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MBRL4D" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" name="Google Tag Manager" title="Google Tag Manager"></iframe></noscript>
|
||
<div class="site-wrap">
|
||
<header class="site-header">
|
||
<a href="#main" class="skip-link">Skip to main content</a>
|
||
<div class="site-alerts">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<section class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official website of the United States government">
|
||
<div class="usa-accordion grid">
|
||
<div class="usa-banner__header">
|
||
<div class="usa-banner__inner">
|
||
<div class="usa-banner__inner-flag">
|
||
<img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAALCAMAAABBPP0LAAAAG1BMVEUdM7EeNLIeM7HgQCDaPh/bPh/bPx/////bPyBEby41AAAAUElEQVQI123MNw4CABDEwD3jC/9/MQ1BQrgeOSkIqYe2o2FZtthXgQLgbHVMZdlsfUQFQnHtjP1+8BUhBDKOqtmfot6ojqPzR7TjdU+f6vkED+IDPhTBcMAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" alt="U.S. flag">
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="usa-banner__inner-text">
|
||
<p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p>
|
||
<p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here’s how you know</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<button type="button" class="usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner">
|
||
<span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner" hidden>
|
||
<div class="usa-banner__guidance">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" width="64" height="64" viewBox="0 0 64 64"><title>Official government website icon</title><path fill="#2378C3" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M32 0c17.673 0 32 14.327 32 32 0 17.673-14.327 32-32 32C14.327 64 0 49.673 0 32 0 14.327 14.327 0 32 0zm0 1.208C14.994 1.208 1.208 14.994 1.208 32S14.994 62.792 32 62.792 62.792 49.006 62.792 32 49.006 1.208 32 1.208zm10.59 38.858a.857.857 0 0 1 .882.822v1.642H18.886v-1.642a.857.857 0 0 1 .882-.822H42.59zM25.443 27.774v9.829h1.642v-9.83h3.273v9.83H32v-9.83h3.272v9.83h1.643v-9.83h3.272v9.83h.76a.857.857 0 0 1 .882.821v.821h-21.3v-.809a.857.857 0 0 1 .88-.82h.762v-9.842h3.272zm5.736-8.188l12.293 4.915v1.642h-1.63a.857.857 0 0 1-.882.822H21.41a.857.857 0 0 1-.882-.822h-1.642v-1.642l12.293-4.915z" /></svg>
|
||
<div class="usa-media-block__body">
|
||
<p>
|
||
<strong>Official websites use .gov</strong>
|
||
<br>
|
||
A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="usa-banner__guidance">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" width="64" height="64" viewBox="0 0 64 64"><title>icon-https</title><path fill="#719F2A" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M32 0c17.673 0 32 14.327 32 32 0 17.673-14.327 32-32 32C14.327 64 0 49.673 0 32 0 14.327 14.327 0 32 0zm0 1.208C14.994 1.208 1.208 14.994 1.208 32S14.994 62.792 32 62.792 62.792 49.006 62.792 32 49.006 1.208 32 1.208zm0 18.886a7.245 7.245 0 0 1 7.245 7.245v3.103h.52c.86 0 1.557.698 1.557 1.558v9.322c0 .86-.697 1.558-1.557 1.558h-15.53c-.86 0-1.557-.697-1.557-1.558V32c0-.86.697-1.558 1.557-1.558h.52V27.34A7.245 7.245 0 0 1 32 20.094zm0 3.103a4.142 4.142 0 0 0-4.142 4.142v3.103h8.284V27.34A4.142 4.142 0 0 0 32 23.197z" /></svg>
|
||
<div class="usa-media-block__body">
|
||
<p>
|
||
<strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong>
|
||
<br>
|
||
A <strong>lock</strong> (
|
||
<span class="icon-lock">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-title banner-lock-description" focusable="false">
|
||
<title id="banner-lock-title">Lock</title>
|
||
<desc id="banner-lock-description">Locked padlock icon</desc>
|
||
<path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z" />
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</span>
|
||
) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<div class="stripe-brand">
|
||
<div class="dk-brand-wrap">
|
||
<div class="dk-site-logos">
|
||
<a href="/" title="NIDDK home page">
|
||
<img src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/images/site-logos.svg#full" width="300" height="67" class="desktop" alt="NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" />
|
||
<img src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/images/site-logos.svg#abbrev" width="150" height="34" class="mobile" alt="NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a href="/about-niddk/75th-anniversary" title="NIDDK 75th Anniversary">
|
||
<img src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/images/site-logos.svg#full75" width="63" height="67" class="desktop" alt="75 years: 1950-2025" />
|
||
<img src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/images/site-logos.svg#abbrev75" width="35" height="30" class="mobile" alt="75 years: 1950-2025" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="dk-site-mobile-toolbar">
|
||
<button type="button" class="mobile-site-search"><i class="i-search"></i>Search</button>
|
||
<button type="button" class="dk-nav-menu"><i class="i-menu"></i>Menu</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<form class="dk-site-search" id="site-search" action="/search" method="GET" aria-label="Site search">
|
||
<button type="button" class="close-mobile-site-search" aria-label="Close search"><i class="i-times"></i></button>
|
||
<div class="site-search-info">Search for Information from NIDDK</div>
|
||
<button type="button" class="ss-options" title="Change search scope" aria-label="Select scope" aria-haspopup="true" aria-owns="site-search-opts">
|
||
<i class="i-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
|
||
</button>
|
||
<ul id="site-search-opts" role="menu" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Scope options">
|
||
<li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="true" data-value="all">Entire Site</li>
|
||
<li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false" data-value="research">Research & Funding</li>
|
||
<li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false" data-value="health-info">Health Information</li>
|
||
<li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false" data-value="news">News</li>
|
||
<li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false" data-value="about">About NIDDK</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="s" value="all" />
|
||
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search Entire Site…" aria-label="Site search terms" />
|
||
<button type="submit" class="ss-go" title="Search Entire Site">Search</button>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="dk-site-nav sticky" aria-label="Site">
|
||
<div class="grid" role="presentation">
|
||
<div class="sn-bar" role="list" aria-owns="dk_sn0 dk_sn1 dk_sn2 dk_sn3 dk_sn4">
|
||
<div id="dk_sn0" class="sn-home" role="listitem">
|
||
<div class="sn-section-title">
|
||
<a href="/" class="dk-logo">Home</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sn-sections-wrap" role="presentation">
|
||
<div class="sn-sections" role="presentation">
|
||
<div id="dk_sn1" class="sn-section" role="listitem">
|
||
<input id="dk_snexpand1" type="checkbox" class="sn-chk-expand"/>
|
||
<div class="sn-section-title">
|
||
<a href="/research-funding"><span>Research & Funding</span></a>
|
||
<label for="dk_snexpand1" class="sn-lbl-expand">Expand Research & Funding</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sn-subsections" role="list">
|
||
<div class="sn-collapsible">
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/current-opportunities">Current Funding Opportunities</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/research-programs">Research Programs & Contacts</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/human-subjects-research">Human Subjects Research</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/process">Funding Process</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/training-career-development">Research Training & Career Development</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/funded-grants-grant-history">Funded Grants & Grant History</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/research-resources">Research Resources</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/at-niddk">Research at NIDDK</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/research-funding/technology-advancement-transfer">Technology Advancement & Transfer</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/news/meetings-workshops">Meetings & Workshops</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="dk_sn2" class="sn-section current" role="listitem">
|
||
<input id="dk_snexpand2" type="checkbox" class="sn-chk-expand"/>
|
||
<div class="sn-section-title">
|
||
<a href="/health-information"><span>Health Information</span></a>
|
||
<label for="dk_snexpand2" class="sn-lbl-expand">Expand Health Information</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sn-subsections" role="list">
|
||
<div class="sn-collapsible">
|
||
<div role="group" class="sn-subgroup" aria-labelledby="dk_snsg0">
|
||
<div id="dk_snsg0" class="sn-subgroup-title" role="presentation">Health Topics</div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/diabetes">Diabetes</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/digestive-diseases">Digestive Diseases</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/kidney-disease">Kidney Disease</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/weight-management">Weight Management</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/liver-disease">Liver Disease</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/urologic-diseases">Urologic Diseases</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/endocrine-diseases">Endocrine Diseases</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/diet-nutrition">Diet & Nutrition</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/blood-diseases">Blood Diseases</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/diagnostic-tests">Diagnostic Tests</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/informacion-de-la-salud">La información de la salud en español</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/health-statistics">Health Statistics</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/clinical-trials">Clinical Trials</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/professionals">For Health Professionals</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice">Diabetes Discoveries & Practice Blog</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/health-information/community-health-outreach">Community Health & Outreach</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="dk_sn3" class="sn-section" role="listitem">
|
||
<input id="dk_snexpand3" type="checkbox" class="sn-chk-expand"/>
|
||
<div class="sn-section-title">
|
||
<a href="/news"><span>News</span></a>
|
||
<label for="dk_snexpand3" class="sn-lbl-expand">Expand News</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sn-subsections" role="list">
|
||
<div class="sn-collapsible">
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/news/archive">News Archive</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/news/for-reporters">For Reporters</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/news/meetings-workshops">Meetings & Workshops</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/news/media-library">Media Library</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/news/follow-us">Follow Us</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="dk_sn4" class="sn-section" role="listitem">
|
||
<input id="dk_snexpand4" type="checkbox" class="sn-chk-expand"/>
|
||
<div class="sn-section-title">
|
||
<a href="/about-niddk"><span>About NIDDK</span></a>
|
||
<label for="dk_snexpand4" class="sn-lbl-expand">Expand About NIDDK</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sn-subsections" role="list">
|
||
<div class="sn-collapsible">
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/meet-director">Meet the Director</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/offices-divisions">Offices & Divisions</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/staff-directory">Staff Directory</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/budget-legislative-information">Budget & Legislative Information</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/advisory-coordinating-committees">Advisory & Coordinating Committees</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/strategic-plans-reports">Strategic Plans & Reports</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/research-areas">Research Areas</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/faqs">FAQs</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="presentation">
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/jobs">Jobs at NIDDK</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/visit-us">Visit Us</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/contact-us">Contact Us</a></div>
|
||
<div role="listitem"><a href="/about-niddk/75th-anniversary">NIDDK 75th Anniversary</a></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
<div class="balloon"></div>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
<main id="main" class="pt-blog">
|
||
<div class="grid">
|
||
<div class="dk-breadcrumb-row">
|
||
<script type="application/ld+json">
|
||
{
|
||
"@context": "https://schema.org",
|
||
"@type": "BreadcrumbList",
|
||
"itemListElement" : [
|
||
|
||
{
|
||
"@type": "ListItem",
|
||
"position": 1,
|
||
"name": "Home",
|
||
|
||
"item": "https://www.niddk.nih.gov"
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
|
||
{
|
||
"@type": "ListItem",
|
||
"position": 2,
|
||
"name": "Health Information",
|
||
|
||
"item": "https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information"
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
|
||
{
|
||
"@type": "ListItem",
|
||
"position": 3,
|
||
"name": "For Health Professionals",
|
||
|
||
"item": "https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/professionals"
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
|
||
{
|
||
"@type": "ListItem",
|
||
"position": 4,
|
||
"name": "Diabetes Discoveries & Practice Blog",
|
||
|
||
"item": "https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice"
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
|
||
{
|
||
"@type": "ListItem",
|
||
"position": 5,
|
||
"name": "Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency"
|
||
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
<div class="dk-breadcrumbs">
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>
|
||
|
||
<a href="/"><span>Home</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
|
||
<a href="/health-information"><span>Health Information</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals"><span>For Health Professionals</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice"><span>Diabetes Discoveries & Practice Blog</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<span>Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency</span>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<meta itemprop="name" content="Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency" />
|
||
<div class="dk-main-container accent-teal-dark" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Blog">
|
||
<a class="blog-title" href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice" title="Return to the blog home page">
|
||
<span class="icon"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="126px" height="88px" viewBox="0 0 126 88" style="enable-background:new 0 0 126 88;" xml:space="preserve"><path class="inner" d="M68,6H20C12.28,6,6,12.28,6,20v62h62c7.72,0,14-6.28,14-14V20C82,12.28,75.72,6,68,6z" /><g class="glyph"><path d="M68,6c7.72,0,14,6.28,14,14v48c0,7.72-6.28,14-14,14H6V20c0-7.72,6.28-14,14-14H68 M68,0H20C8.95,0,0,8.95,0,20v68h68 c11.05,0,20-8.95,20-20V20C88,8.95,79.05,0,68,0L68,0z" /><rect x="89.93" y="18.82" transform="matrix(0.7071 0.7071 -0.7071 0.7071 45.9422 -67.2765)" width="28.5" height="6" /><path d="M120.62,25.53l3.18-3.18c2.93-2.93,2.93-7.68,0-10.61l-9.55-9.55c-2.93-2.93-7.68-2.93-10.61,0l-3.18,3.18L120.62,25.53z" /><path d="M107.89,38.26L80.71,65.44c-0.95,0.95-2.14,1.63-3.45,1.96L57.1,72.54c-1.1,0.28-2.16-0.08-2.86-0.79 c-0.71-0.71-1.07-1.76-0.79-2.86l5.14-20.16c0.33-1.31,1.01-2.5,1.96-3.45l27.18-27.18L107.89,38.26z M74.32,61.96l-2.26-2.26 l0.32-6.09l-6.09,0.32l-2.26-2.26l-3.52,13.8L74.32,61.96z" /><path d="M68,23H20c-1.66,0-3-1.34-3-3s1.34-3,3-3h48c1.66,0,3,1.34,3,3S69.66,23,68,23z" /><path d="M54,38H20c-1.66,0-3-1.34-3-3s1.34-3,3-3h34c1.66,0,3,1.34,3,3S55.66,38,54,38z" /><path d="M46,54H20c-1.66,0-3-1.34-3-3s1.34-3,3-3h26c1.66,0,3,1.34,3,3S47.66,54,46,54z" /><path d="M42,70H20c-1.66,0-3-1.34-3-3s1.34-3,3-3h22c1.66,0,3,1.34,3,3S43.66,70,42,70z" /></g></svg></span>
|
||
<span class="heading1">Diabetes Discoveries & Practice Blog</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="dk-content">
|
||
<article class="post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost" itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting">
|
||
<header>
|
||
<link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/2018/04/metformin-vitamin-b12-deficiency">
|
||
<h1 itemprop="headline">Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency</h1>
|
||
<span class="hide" itemscope itemprop="publisher" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">
|
||
<meta itemprop="name" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases">
|
||
<meta itemprop="alternateName" content="NIDDK">
|
||
<link itemprop="sameAs" href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov">
|
||
<link itemprop="logo" href="/images/site-logo.png">
|
||
</span>
|
||
<div class="details">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<time datetime="2018-04-25" itemprop="datePublished">April 25, 2018</time>
|
||
<a href="#disqus_thread" data-disqus-identifier="{379FD5F6-6EB7-447C-8CF2-89D26E6AE151}" class="comments">0 Comments</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<ul class="tags">
|
||
<li><a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=Research+Advancements">Research Advancements</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=Medication+and+Monitoring">Medication and Monitoring</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="youtube-container full-width">
|
||
<iframe title="Metformin and Vitamin B12 Deficiency" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SF7vOJjMEws" width="600" height="330" frameborder="0"></iframe>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="leader" itemprop="description">
|
||
Providers need to be aware of the possibility of B12 deficiency and monitor patients.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<div >
|
||
<p>Jill Crandall, MD, Professor of Medicine at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, shares insights about metformin and vitamin B12.</p>
|
||
<p>Thank you, Dr. Crandall, for sharing your expertise.</p>
|
||
<p>To learn more about metformin and diabetes, check out blog posts from other experts in the series.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/2018/04/metformin-first-choice">David Nathan, MD</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/2018/04/finding-right-metformin-titration-regimen">Janet Brown-Friday, RN, MSN, MPH</a></li>
|
||
<li>Stay tuned to more information on this topic from Kieren Mather, MD.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Don’t want to miss the next post in our series on metformin? <a href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIDDK/subscriber/new?topic_id=Diabetes-Blog">Subscribe to the blog</a>.</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="accordion accent-teal" data-no-expand-all="">
|
||
<h3>View Transcript</h3>
|
||
<p>The mechanism for low B12 with metformin, I don’t think it has been completely sorted out, but it appears to be a problem with absorption. It’s not related to intrinsic factors—so the classic pernicious anemia that we all learned about in medical school, that’s not really the mechanism, but there seems to be something about the effect of metformin in the gut that impairs absorption.</p>
|
||
<p>We studied B12 levels in our metformin-treated participants at two time points during DPP. Unfortunately we didn’t have samples available at the very beginning, but we were able to measure samples after people had been treated for roughly 5 years and then again after 9 years of treatment, and we found that there was a significant prevalence of biochemical B12 deficiency that was higher in the metformin-treated participants than in the placebo group. It depends on how you define B12 deficiency, which is sort of an issue unto itself, but the people who definitely had low B12 was approximately 5 percent after 5 years of treatment and went up to about 9 percent after longer duration treatment.</p>
|
||
<p>What should we do clinically at this point given what we know so far about the relationship between metformin and B12 deficiency? I think there is some debate about whether everyone taking metformin should be treated. There are jokes about should we just add B12 to the metformin tablet to take care of this problem. I don’t think we’re quite there yet, in part because we don’t even know what the appropriate repletion method would be. So, we identified people who have low B12; they’re taking metformin. We think it’s likely that oral supplementation will be adequate, but that really hasn’t been studied in any detail. I think being aware of the possibility of low B12 is important in patients who are being treated with metformin, and ADA guidelines came out this year for the first time recommending periodic testing of B12 levels.</p>
|
||
<p>One thing I will mention about our findings in DPP that’s relevant to the issue about how we deal with this clinically is that, from the beginning of the DPP study, we were aware of the relationship between metformin and low B12, so we were monitoring CBCs during the study. But we found in our analysis of the B12 levels that the presence of anemia did not discriminate between who did or did not have low B12 levels, so I think we may have a false sense of security by just analyzing hemoglobin and hematocrit, for example, in our metformin-treated patients. I think that’s one of the reasons why guidelines are now starting to come out recommending actual measurement of vitamin B12.</p>
|
||
<p>I think it’s hard at this point to have a precise recommendation for when to begin measuring, but I think within a few years of starting metformin is probably when I would start to consider doing it.</p>
|
||
<p>The question clinically is whether we should be treating all patients who are taking metformin with a vitamin B12 supplement, or whether we should be testing them. What’s the most cost-effective approach? I think that one could make an argument for providing B12 supplements to everyone who is taking metformin, but the one caveat to that is that I don’t think that the appropriate treatment regimen has really been clearly identified. We believe and we expect that higher doses of vitamin B12 will overcome the malabsorption that’s associated with metformin, but we don’t know that for sure, and I think it would be somewhat risky to recommend routine supplementation without some measurement of vitamin B12 levels at some point—just to assure that if there was malabsorption that it had been overcome.</p>
|
||
<p>The question can come up whether the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency might be a factor in the decision to actually prescribe metformin. Should this be a reason to avoid prescribing metformin, especially these days when there are many other oral medications or easily administered medications that we could choose from? My personal view is that that’s probably not warranted. There are so many benefits to metformin—such an excellent safety profile and inexpensive, readily affordable, readily available drug—that I think that it can be safely prescribed as long as the potential for B12 deficiency is recognized and monitored.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
<h2>About Jill Crandall, MD</h2>
|
||
<div class="person-block">
|
||
<figure class="small left"><img alt="Headshot of subject matter expert Dr. Jill Crandall." src="/-/media/Images/Blog/Crandall_Jill_Headhsot_120x150.png"></figure>
|
||
<p><strong>Jill Crandall, MD,</strong> is Professor and the Jacob A. and Jeanne E. Barkey Chair in Medicine at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, where she is chief of the Division of Endocrinology. She is director of the Diabetes Clinical Trials Unit and a principal investigator for several NIH sponsored clinical trials, including the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcome Study, Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) and the PERL study. She is Director of the Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Center’s Translational Research Core. Her research interests focus on age-related changes in glucose metabolism and the relationship between hyperglycemia and cardiovascular risk.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<footer>
|
||
<div class="subscribe-share">
|
||
<form id="blog-subscribe-button" class="subscribe" method="get" action="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIDDK/subscribers/new" target="_blank" accept-charset="UTF-8">
|
||
<button type="submit">Subscribe</button>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="topic_id" value="Diabetes-Blog" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
<div id="share-page" class="dk-share">
|
||
<span>Share<span class="sr-only"> this page</span></span>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dk-share-buttons" data-lang="en">
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="shr-print" title="Print this page" onclick="window.print();return false;">Print</button>
|
||
<a class="shr-facebook no-disclaimer" title="Share this page on Facebook" href="#share-page" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Facebook</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-x no-disclaimer" title="Post this page on X" href="#share-page" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">X</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-email" title="Email this page" href="#share-page" target="_self" rel="nofollow noopener">Email</a>
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="shr-more" title="More sharing options" aria-expanded="false">More Options</button>
|
||
|
||
<a class="shr-whatsapp no-disclaimer" title="Share this page via WhatsApp" href="#share-page" target="_self" rel="nofollow noopener">WhatsApp</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-linkedin no-disclaimer" title="Share this page on LinkedIn" href="#share-page" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">LinkedIn</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-reddit no-disclaimer" title="Share this page on Reddit" href="#share-page" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Reddit</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-pinterest no-disclaimer" title="Share this page on Pinterest" href="#share-page" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Pinterest</a>
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="shr-copy" title="Copy a link for sharing to the clipboard">Copy Link</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/scripts/modules/social-share.js" type="module"></script>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="previous-next">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/2018/05/metformin-dppos-15-year-results">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<em>Newer Post:</em>
|
||
Metformin and DPPOS: 15 Year Results
|
||
</div>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/2018/04/finding-right-metformin-titration-regimen">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<em>Older Post:</em>
|
||
Finding the Right Metformin Titration Regimen
|
||
</div>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
|
||
</article>
|
||
<section class="comments">
|
||
<h1 class="hide">Comments</h1>
|
||
<div id="disqus_thread">
|
||
<a href="#disqus_thread" class="disqus-load" role="button">Click to load comments</a>
|
||
<div class="disqus-loading"><i class="i-spinner"></i> Loading comments...</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<script>
|
||
window.disqus_config=function(){this.page.url="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/2018/04/metformin-vitamin-b12-deficiency",this.page.identifier="{379FD5F6-6EB7-447C-8CF2-89D26E6AE151}"},function(){function t(){var e=document,t=e.createElement("script");t.defer=!0,o&&o.parentElement.removeChild(o),t.src="https://niddk.disqus.com/embed.js",t.setAttribute("data-timestamp",+new Date),(e.head||e.body).appendChild(t)}var n,i,s=document.querySelector("#disqus_thread"),o=s?s.querySelector("a.disqus-load"):null;window.IntersectionObserver?(n=new IntersectionObserver(function(e){e[0].isIntersecting&&(t(),n.disconnect())},{rootMargin:"0px 0px 100px 0px"})).observe(s):(i=!1,window.addEventListener("scroll",function(){var e=document.scrollingElement.scrollTop;!i&&e>s.getBoundingClientRect().top-100&&(i=!0,t())},{passive:!0})),o&&(o.classList.add("shown"),o.addEventListener("click",function(e){return e.preventDefault(),t(),!1}))}();
|
||
</script>
|
||
<noscript>Please enable JavaScript to view the <a href="https://disqus.com/?ref_noscript">comments powered by Disqus.</a></noscript>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<script id="dsq-count-scr" src="https://niddk.disqus.com/count.js" async></script>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="dk-blog-rail">
|
||
<h2 id="tools" class="sr-only">Blog Tools</h2>
|
||
<section class="subscribe opened">
|
||
<h3 title="Hide the subscribe form">Subscribe</h3>
|
||
<div class="tray">
|
||
<form id="blog-subscribe-form" method="post" action="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIDDK/subscribers/qualify" target="_blank" accept-charset="UTF-8">
|
||
<p>Subscribe to get blog updates.</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" aria-label="Email address" />
|
||
<button type="submit" name="commit" value="Submit">Submit</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="topic_id" value="Diabetes-Blog" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="utf8" value="✓" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="wXDlslYNsp0RNjKrT6H8mTj667vfAgKDYD/OtmVudILRp1BuNxfkrpEAyw0Lc5i+B6O+lbkHfDMqQcZQnsBwVg==" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="share-page-rail" class="dk-share no-resize">
|
||
<h3>Share<span class="sr-only"> this page</span></h3>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dk-share-buttons" data-lang="en">
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="shr-print" title="Print this page" onclick="window.print();return false;">Print</button>
|
||
<a class="shr-facebook no-disclaimer" title="Share this page on Facebook" href="#share-page-rail" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Facebook</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-x no-disclaimer" title="Post this page on X" href="#share-page-rail" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">X</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-email" title="Email this page" href="#share-page-rail" target="_self" rel="nofollow noopener">Email</a>
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="shr-more" title="More sharing options" aria-expanded="false">More Options</button>
|
||
|
||
<a class="shr-whatsapp no-disclaimer" title="Share this page via WhatsApp" href="#share-page-rail" target="_self" rel="nofollow noopener">WhatsApp</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-linkedin no-disclaimer" title="Share this page on LinkedIn" href="#share-page-rail" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">LinkedIn</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-reddit no-disclaimer" title="Share this page on Reddit" href="#share-page-rail" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Reddit</a>
|
||
<a class="shr-pinterest no-disclaimer" title="Share this page on Pinterest" href="#share-page-rail" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Pinterest</a>
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="shr-copy" title="Copy a link for sharing to the clipboard">Copy Link</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/scripts/modules/social-share.js" type="module"></script>
|
||
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="search">
|
||
<h3>Search</h3>
|
||
<form method="get" action="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice" class="blog-search">
|
||
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search Blog…" aria-label="Keywords" />
|
||
<button type="submit">Search</button>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="about">
|
||
<h3>About</h3>
|
||
<strong>Diabetes Discoveries and Practice Blog</strong><br>
|
||
Dialogue with thought leaders on emerging trends in diabetes care
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="tags foldable">
|
||
<h3>Tags</h3>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=patient+communication">Patient Communication</a>
|
||
<span class="count">61</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=research+advancements">Research Advancements</a>
|
||
<span class="count">43</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=complications+of+diabetes">Complications of Diabetes</a>
|
||
<span class="count">36</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=medication+and+monitoring">Medication and Monitoring</a>
|
||
<span class="count">30</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=diabetes+prevention">Diabetes Prevention</a>
|
||
<span class="count">24</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=obesity+and+weight+management">Obesity and Weight Management</a>
|
||
<span class="count">23</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=patient+self-management">Patient Self-Management</a>
|
||
<span class="count">22</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=practice+transformation">Practice Transformation</a>
|
||
<span class="count">22</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=type+1+diabetes">Type 1 Diabetes</a>
|
||
<span class="count">18</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=new+technologies">New Technologies</a>
|
||
<span class="count">16</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="fold">More tags</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=diabetic+kidney+disease">Diabetic Kidney Disease</a>
|
||
<span class="count">15</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=nutrition">Nutrition</a>
|
||
<span class="count">15</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=social+determinants+of+health">Social Determinants of Health</a>
|
||
<span class="count">15</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=shared+decision-making">Shared Decision-Making</a>
|
||
<span class="count">14</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?tag=community+health">Community Health</a>
|
||
<span class="count">6</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="folded">Fewer tags</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="archive foldable">
|
||
<h3>Archive</h3>
|
||
|
||
<div class="rowed-columns">
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=january+2025">Jan. 2025</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=december+2024">Dec. 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=november+2024">Nov. 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=october+2024">Oct. 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=september+2024">Sept. 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=august+2024">Aug. 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="fold">More months</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=july+2024">July 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=june+2024">June 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=may+2024">May 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=april+2024">April 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=march+2024">March 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=february+2024">Feb. 2024</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=december+2023">Dec. 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=november+2023">Nov. 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=october+2023">Oct. 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=august+2023">Aug. 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=july+2023">July 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=june+2023">June 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=may+2023">May 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=april+2023">April 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=march+2023">March 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=february+2023">Feb. 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=january+2023">Jan. 2023</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=december+2022">Dec. 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=november+2022">Nov. 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=october+2022">Oct. 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=september+2022">Sept. 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=august+2022">Aug. 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=july+2022">July 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=june+2022">June 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=may+2022">May 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=april+2022">April 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=march+2022">March 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=february+2022">Feb. 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=january+2022">Jan. 2022</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=december+2021">Dec. 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=november+2021">Nov. 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=october+2021">Oct. 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=september+2021">Sept. 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=august+2021">Aug. 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=july+2021">July 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=june+2021">June 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=may+2021">May 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=april+2021">April 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=march+2021">March 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=february+2021">Feb. 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=january+2021">Jan. 2021</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=december+2020">Dec. 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=november+2020">Nov. 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=october+2020">Oct. 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=september+2020">Sept. 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">5</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=august+2020">Aug. 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">4</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=july+2020">July 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=june+2020">June 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=may+2020">May 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=april+2020">April 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=march+2020">March 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=february+2020">Feb. 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=january+2020">Jan. 2020</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=december+2019">Dec. 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=november+2019">Nov. 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=october+2019">Oct. 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=september+2019">Sept. 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=august+2019">Aug. 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=july+2019">July 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=june+2019">June 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=may+2019">May 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">4</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=april+2019">April 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=march+2019">March 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=february+2019">Feb. 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">1</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=january+2019">Jan. 2019</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=december+2018">Dec. 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=november+2018">Nov. 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">4</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=october+2018">Oct. 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">4</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=september+2018">Sept. 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=august+2018">Aug. 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">5</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=july+2018">July 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=june+2018">June 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">4</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=may+2018">May 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">5</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=april+2018">April 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">4</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=march+2018">March 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=february+2018">Feb. 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">4</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=january+2018">Jan. 2018</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=december+2017">Dec. 2017</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=november+2017">Nov. 2017</a>
|
||
<span class="count">3</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=october+2017">Oct. 2017</a>
|
||
<span class="count">2</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="filter">
|
||
<a href="/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice?archive=september+2017">Sept. 2017</a>
|
||
<span class="count">4</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="folded">Fewer months</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="disclaimer">
|
||
<h3>Disclaimer</h3>
|
||
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="color: #212121;">We welcome comments; all comments must follow our </span><span style="color: #212121;"><a href="/privacy-policy#commentpolicy">comment policy</a></span><span style="color: #212121;">.</span></p>
|
||
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="color: #212121;">Blog posts written by individuals from outside the government may be owned by the writer and graphics may be owned by their creator. In such cases, it is necessary to contact the writer, artist, or publisher to obtain permission for reuse.</span></p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</main>
|
||
|
||
<footer id="main-footer" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/GovernmentOrganization" itemid="https://www.niddk.nih.gov">
|
||
<meta itemprop="name" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases">
|
||
<meta itemprop="alternateName" content="NIDDK">
|
||
<link itemprop="url" href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov">
|
||
<link itemprop="logo" href="/images/site-logo.png">
|
||
<link itemprop="sameAs" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_of_Diabetes_and_Digestive_and_Kidney_Diseases">
|
||
<span itemprop="address" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress">
|
||
<meta itemprop="name" content="NIDDK, NIH">
|
||
<meta itemprop="streetAddress" content="31 Center Drive, MSC 2560">
|
||
<meta itemprop="addressLocality" content="Bethesda">
|
||
<meta itemprop="addressRegion" content="MD">
|
||
<meta itemprop="addressCountry" content="US">
|
||
<meta itemprop="postalCode" content="20892-2560">
|
||
</span>
|
||
<section id="contact">
|
||
<div class="grid">
|
||
<h2>Contact Us</h2>
|
||
<div class="contact-flex v2">
|
||
<address itemprop="department" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/GovernmentOffice">
|
||
<meta itemprop="name" content="The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Health Information Center" />
|
||
<link itemprop="url" href="/health-information" />
|
||
<link itemprop="image" href="/images/site-logo.png" />
|
||
<meta itemprop="telephone" content="+1-800-860-8747" />
|
||
<meta itemprop="openingHours" content="Mo-Fr 08:30-17:00" />
|
||
<meta itemprop="address" content="9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States" />
|
||
<div class="contact-time">
|
||
<i class="i-clock-o"></i>
|
||
<span>
|
||
<strong>Hours:</strong>
|
||
<time datetime="08:30">8:30 a.m.</time>
|
||
to
|
||
<time datetime="17:00">5 p.m.</time>
|
||
ET, Monday - Friday</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<a class="contact-email" href="mailto:healthinfo@niddk.nih.gov">
|
||
<i class="i-envelope-o"></i>
|
||
<span>
|
||
<strong>Email:</strong>
|
||
<span class="lnk" itemprop="email">healthinfo@niddk.nih.gov</span></span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a class="contact-mobile" href="tel:1-800-860-8747" itemprop="contactPoint" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ContactPoint">
|
||
<i class="i-mobile"></i>
|
||
<span>
|
||
<strong>Phone:</strong>
|
||
<span class="lnk" itemprop="telephone"><span class="hide">+</span>1-800-860-8747</span>
|
||
<meta itemprop="contactType" content="customer service" />
|
||
<meta itemprop="contactOption" content="TollFree" />
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a class="contact-tty" href="tel:711" itemprop="contactPoint" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ContactPoint">
|
||
<i class="i-tty"></i>
|
||
<span>
|
||
<strong>TTY:</strong>
|
||
<span class="lnk" itemprop="telephone"><span class="hide">+</span>711</span>
|
||
<meta itemprop="contactType" content="customer service" />
|
||
<meta itemprop="contactOption" content="HearingImpairedSupported" />
|
||
<meta itemprop="contactOption" content="TollFree" />
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<div class="print-social">
|
||
<svg viewbox="0 0 600 100" fill="currentcolor">
|
||
<path d="M550,9.01c13.35,0,14.93.05,20.2.29,4.87.22,7.52,1.04,9.28,1.72,2.33.91,4,1.99,5.75,3.74,1.75,1.75,2.83,3.42,3.74,5.75.68,1.76,1.5,4.41,1.72,9.28.24,5.27.29,6.85.29,20.2s-.05,14.93-.29,20.2c-.22,4.87-1.04,7.52-1.72,9.28-.91,2.33-1.99,4-3.74,5.75-1.75,1.75-3.42,2.83-5.75,3.74-1.76.68-4.41,1.5-9.28,1.72-5.27.24-6.85.29-20.2.29s-14.93-.05-20.2-.29c-4.87-.22-7.52-1.04-9.28-1.72-2.33-.91-4-1.99-5.75-3.74-1.75-1.75-2.83-3.42-3.74-5.75-.68-1.76-1.5-4.41-1.72-9.28-.24-5.27-.29-6.85-.29-20.2s.05-14.93.29-20.2c.22-4.87,1.04-7.52,1.72-9.28.91-2.33,1.99-4,3.74-5.75,1.75-1.75,3.42-2.83,5.75-3.74,1.76-.68,4.41-1.5,9.28-1.72,5.27-.24,6.85-.29,20.2-.29h0ZM550,0c-13.58,0-15.28.06-20.62.3-5.32.24-8.96,1.09-12.14,2.32-3.29,1.28-6.08,2.99-8.86,5.77-2.78,2.78-4.49,5.57-5.77,8.85-1.24,3.18-2.08,6.82-2.32,12.14-.24,5.33-.3,7.04-.3,20.62s.06,15.28.3,20.62c.24,5.32,1.09,8.96,2.32,12.14,1.28,3.29,2.99,6.08,5.77,8.86,2.78,2.78,5.57,4.49,8.86,5.77,3.18,1.24,6.82,2.08,12.14,2.32,5.33.24,7.04.3,20.62.3s15.28-.06,20.62-.3c5.32-.24,8.96-1.09,12.14-2.32,3.29-1.28,6.08-2.99,8.86-5.77,2.78-2.78,4.49-5.57,5.77-8.86,1.24-3.18,2.08-6.82,2.32-12.14.24-5.33.3-7.04.3-20.62s-.06-15.28-.3-20.62c-.24-5.32-1.09-8.96-2.32-12.14-1.28-3.29-2.99-6.08-5.77-8.86-2.78-2.78-5.57-4.49-8.86-5.77-3.18-1.24-6.82-2.08-12.14-2.32C565.28.06,563.58,0,550,0h0ZM550,24.32c-14.18,0-25.67,11.5-25.67,25.67s11.49,25.67,25.67,25.67,25.67-11.49,25.67-25.67-11.49-25.67-25.67-25.67ZM550,66.66c-9.21,0-16.67-7.46-16.67-16.67s7.46-16.67,16.67-16.67,16.67,7.46,16.67,16.67-7.46,16.67-16.67,16.67ZM582.69,23.31c0,3.31-2.69,6-6,6s-6-2.69-6-6,2.69-6,6-6,6,2.69,6,6Z"></path>
|
||
<path d="M485.16,15.65c-1.61-6.13-6.45-10.97-12.58-12.66-11.05-2.98-55.4-2.98-55.4-2.98,0,0-44.35,0-55.48,2.98-6.13,1.61-10.89,6.45-12.58,12.66-2.9,11.13-2.9,34.36-2.9,34.36,0,0,0,23.23,2.98,34.35,1.61,6.13,6.45,10.97,12.58,12.66,11.05,2.98,55.4,2.98,55.4,2.98,0,0,44.35,0,55.48-2.98,6.13-1.61,10.89-6.45,12.58-12.66,2.9-11.13,2.9-34.35,2.9-34.35,0,0,0-23.23-2.98-34.35ZM402.66,71.13V28.87l37.1,21.13-37.1,21.13h0Z"></path>
|
||
<path d="M334.34,3v94c0,1.66-1.34,3-3,3h-27.99v-38.74h12.96l1.95-15.1h-14.91v-9.64c0-4.36,1.17-7.29,7.49-7.29l7.94-.07v-13.48c-1.37-.2-6.12-.59-11.59-.59-11.52,0-19.47,7.03-19.47,19.92v11.13h-13.02v15.1h13.02v38.74h-50.39c-1.66,0-3-1.34-3-3V3c0-1.66,1.34-3,3-3h94c1.66,0,3,1.34,3,3Z"></path>
|
||
<path d="M198.99,0h16.96l-37.07,42.36,43.61,57.64h-34.15l-26.73-34.97-30.6,34.97h-16.96l39.63-45.31L111.86,0h35l24.18,31.96L198.99,0ZM193.02,89.86h9.4L141.75,9.63h-10.09l61.36,80.23Z"></path>
|
||
<path d="M15.43,83.72h15.04v-45.18h-15.04v45.18ZM31.45,24.61c-.07-4.43-3.26-7.81-8.4-7.81s-8.53,3.39-8.53,7.81,3.26,7.81,8.33,7.81h.07c5.27,0,8.53-3.52,8.53-7.81h0ZM69.53,83.72h15.04v-25.91c0-13.87-7.42-20.31-17.32-20.31-8.07,0-11.65,4.49-13.61,7.62h.13v-6.58h-15.04s.2,4.23,0,45.18h15.04v-25.26c0-1.3.07-2.67.46-3.65,1.11-2.67,3.58-5.47,7.75-5.47,5.4,0,7.55,4.1,7.55,10.22v24.15h0ZM100,18.75v62.5c0,10.35-8.4,18.75-18.75,18.75H18.75c-10.35,0-18.75-8.4-18.75-18.75V18.75C0,8.4,8.4,0,18.75,0h62.5c10.35,0,18.75,8.4,18.75,18.75Z"></path>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
<span>@NIDDKgov</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</address>
|
||
<div class="live-chat">
|
||
<h3>Chat</h3>
|
||
<div class="footer-live-chat">
|
||
<niddk-chatbadge lang="en"></niddk-chatbadge>
|
||
<div>
|
||
Live Chat Available<br />
|
||
8:30 a.m. - 5 p.m. ET<br />
|
||
Monday - Friday
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="follow-us">
|
||
<h3>
|
||
<a href="/news/follow-us">Follow Us</a>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/national-institute-of-diabetes-and-digestive-and-kidney-diseases-niddk" class="linkedin" title="Follow NIDDK on LinkedIn" itemprop="sameAs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LinkedIn</a>
|
||
<a href="https://x.com/NIDDKgov" class="x-social" title="Follow NIDDK on X" itemprop="sameAs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">X</a>
|
||
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/NIDDKgov" class="facebook" title="Like NIDDK on Facebook" itemprop="sameAs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Facebook</a>
|
||
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NIDDKgov" class="youtube" title="Subscribe to NIDDK on YouTube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">YouTube</a>
|
||
<a href="https://www.instagram.com/niddkgov" class="instagram" title="Follow NIDDK on Instagram" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Instagram</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section><p class="grid tagline">NIH… Turning Discovery Into Health ®</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="sub-footer">
|
||
<div class="grid">
|
||
<div role="region" aria-label="Policy links">
|
||
<ul class="horizontal-links">
|
||
<li><a href="/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/freedom-information-act">Freedom of Information Act</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/accessibility">Accessibility</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/disclaimers">Disclaimers</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/copyright">Copyright</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html">Vulnerability Disclosure Policy</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="region" aria-label="Utility links">
|
||
<ul class="horizontal-links">
|
||
<li><a href="/site-map">Site Map</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://intranet.niddk.nih.gov/SitePages/Home.aspx" rel="nofollow">For Staff Only</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIDDK/subscriber/new">Get Email Updates</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div role="region" aria-label="Related government sites">
|
||
<ul class="horizontal-links">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/">
|
||
<span>U.S. Department of Health and Human Services</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li itemprop="memberOf" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/GovernmentOrganization">
|
||
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/" itemprop="url">
|
||
<span itemprop="name">National Institutes of Health</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<meta itemprop="alternateName" content="NIH" />
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<niddk-chatcontrol href-on="/System/start-chat" src-en="/chatbeacon/NIDDK/1/scripts/chatbeacon.js?accountId=1&siteId=1&queueId=1&m=0&i=1&b=1&c=1&theme=frame" src-es="/chatbeacon/NIDDK/1/scripts/chatbeacon.js?accountId=1&siteId=1&queueId=4&m=0&i=1&b=1&c=1&theme=frame" statuslinkid="_lcstatuslink"></niddk-chatcontrol>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<iframe src="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/professionals/diabetes-discoveries-practice/metformin-vitamin-b12-deficiency?tracking=true" style="height:0;width:0;visibility:hidden;display:none;" aria-hidden="true"></iframe>
|
||
|
||
<iframe style="height:0;width:0;visibility:hidden;display:none;" src="about:blank" aria-hidden="true"></iframe>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
<div class="page-mask"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/jquery.min.js" defer></script>
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/slick-carousel/slick.min.js" defer></script>
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/jquery-scrolltabs/jquery.scrolltabs.min.js" defer></script>
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/magnific-popup/jquery.magnific-popup.min.js" defer></script>
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/deps/tablesaw/tablesaw.jquery.min.js" defer></script>
|
||
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/scripts/niddk-main.js" defer></script>
|
||
<script src="/_ux/niddk/9.37.0/scripts/modules/live-chat.js" type="module"></script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="image" content="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/-/media/Images/Blog/MetforminVitaminB12Deficiency_600x350.png" />
|
||
<meta itemprop="lastReviewed" content="2018-04-20T23:00:00.0000000Z-05:00" />
|
||
<span itemprop="inLanguage" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Language">
|
||
<meta itemprop="name" content="English" />
|
||
<meta itemprop="alternateName" content="en-US" />
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html> |