2134 lines
81 KiB
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|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">EXPLORE and LEARN</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-3" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/Understanding-Medical-Scans-App" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/68546"> <span>Medical Imaging App</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/science-education/beams-challenge" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/143486"> <span>Lesson Plans</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/science-education/meet-a-scientist" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/141721"> <span>Meet a Scientist</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYH1eUq1QYrqrvA6HRRgKHcPsoJoJA6Kj" target="_blank" class="link"> <span>Featured Videos</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/science-education/glossary" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="science-education/glossary"> <span>Glossary</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item">
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-5">
|
||
<span>News & Events </span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="extended-mega-nav-section-5" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row mm-container">
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col flex-auto duplicated-parent">
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span><a href="/news-events" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/156671">News & Events</a> <span class="uswds-arrow-forward"></span></span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row mm-container">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span target="_self" class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">NEWS</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-1" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/newsroom" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/newsroom"> <span>Newsroom</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/press-releases" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/press-releases"> <span>Press Releases</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/science-highlights" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/science-highlights"> <span>Science Highlights</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/nibib-news" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/nibib-news"> <span>NIBIB in the News</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">EVENTS</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-2" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/meetings-events/upcoming-events" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/meetings-events/upcoming-events"> <span>Upcoming Events</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/meetings-events/past-events" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/meetings-events/past-events"> <span>Past Events</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/meetings-events/photo-galleries" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/meetings-events/photo-galleries"> <span>Event Photos</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span target="_self" class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">MEDIA RESOURCES</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-3" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/science-education/science-topics" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/131271"> <span>Science Topics</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="mailto:nibibpress@mail.nih.gov" target="_self" class="link"> <span>Contact Us</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item">
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-6">
|
||
<span>About NIBIB </span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="extended-mega-nav-section-6" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row mm-container">
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col flex-auto duplicated-parent">
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span><a href="/about-nibib" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/156676">About NIBIB</a> <span class="uswds-arrow-forward"></span></span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row mm-container">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span target="_self" class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">WHO WE ARE</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-1" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/mission" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/79861"> <span>Mission & History</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/directors-corner" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/121791"> <span>Director's Corner</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/organizational-chart" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18836"> <span>Organization Chart</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/advisory-council" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/876"> <span>Advisory Council</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/careers-at-NIBIB" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/131241"> <span>Jobs @ NIBIB</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span target="_self" class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">WHAT WE DO</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-2" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/strategic-plan" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11846"> <span>Strategic Plan</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/budget" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/911"> <span>Budget</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__secondary">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<section aria-label="search component" id="nibib-header-search" data-drupal-selector="search-block-form" role="search">
|
||
<form id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="usa-search usa-search--small" role="search" action="/searching" method="get">
|
||
<label class="usa-sr-only" for="search-field-en-small">Search</label>
|
||
<input aria-label="Search" class="usa-input" id="edit-keys" data-drupal-selector="edit-keys" data-original-title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." data-toggle="tooltip" type="search" name="q" value="" tabindex="-1"/>
|
||
<button class="usa-button js-form-submit form-submit" name="search_btn" type="submit" value="Search" tabindex="-1">
|
||
<img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/uswds/img/usa-icons-bg/search--white.svg" class="usa-search__submit-icon" alt="Search" />
|
||
</button>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="header-nav__secondary-list">
|
||
<li class="header-nav__secondary-item">
|
||
<a href="/es/nibib-en-espanol"> En Español
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="header-nav__secondary-item">
|
||
<a target="_blank" class="link-list-serve" href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIBIB/subscriber/edit?preferences=true#tab1"> Join LISTSERV
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</header>
|
||
|
||
<main class="main-content usa-layout-docs usa-section " role="main" id="main-content">
|
||
<div class="grid-container">
|
||
<div class="grid-row breadcrumb-social-share-bar">
|
||
<div class="tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-8">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="block-breadcrumbs" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav class="usa-breadcrumb--wrap" role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumb">
|
||
<ol class="usa-breadcrumb__list">
|
||
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
|
||
<a href="/" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Home</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
|
||
<a href="/news-events" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>News & Events</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
|
||
<a href="/news-events/newsroom" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Newsroom</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-4">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="block-addtoanysharebuttons" class="block block-addtoany block-addtoany-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.nibib.nih.gov/news-events/newsroom/finger-pulse-drug-delivery" data-a2a-title="Finger on the pulse of drug delivery "><a class="a2a_button_email"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_email a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/email-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_facebook a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/facebook-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_linkedin"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_linkedin a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/linkedin-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_x a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/x-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span
|
||
</a><a class="a2a_button_whatsapp"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_whatsapp a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/whatsapp-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_share a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/share-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Share" width="27" height="27"></span></a></span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="">
|
||
<div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row ">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row grid-gap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-layout-docs__main desktop:grid-col-fill">
|
||
|
||
<div id="block-nibib-page-title" class="block--page-title-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h1 class="margin-0 page-header">
|
||
<span>Finger on the pulse of drug delivery </span>
|
||
</h1>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="block-nibib-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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<article data-history-node-id="143411" about="/news-events/newsroom/finger-pulse-drug-delivery" class="news node node--type-news is-promoted full clearfix">
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<div class="content">
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<div class="grid-col flex-auto news--type-date"><strong>
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<div class="field field--name-field-news-type field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item">Science Highlights</div>
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</strong></div>
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<div class="grid-col flex-auto news--type-date"><strong>
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<div class="field field--name-field-publication-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field__item">May 18, 2023</div>
|
||
</strong></div>
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</div>
|
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<h3> Preclinical study could pave the way for multiple drug doses in a single injection </h3>
|
||
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<div id="node--news--more-from-author">
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<h3>Media Contacts</h3>
|
||
<p>Karen Olsen<br/>
|
||
<a href="mailto:nibibpress@mail.nih.gov">nibibpress@mail.nih.gov</a><br/>
|
||
<a href="tel:301-496-3500">301-496-3500</a><br/>
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<a href="/more-content-by/karen-olsen">More by this author</a></p>
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</div>
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||
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||
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||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p style="margin-bottom:11px">Pharmaceutical drugs can save lives, but taking these medications as prescribed—especially among those with chronic conditions—can be challenging, for a variety of different reasons. Improving medication adherence could reduce unfavorable health outcomes, hospitalizations, and preventable deaths, while simultaneously reducing health care costs by <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6645a2.htm">up to $300B annually</a> in the United States alone.</p>
|
||
<p>One potential way to increase adherence is to reduce how often a person needs to take their medication. This can be achieved through a controlled-release system, where a single injection contains a drug that is continually released in the body over an extended period of time. Unfortunately, many controlled-release systems deliver a substantial portion of their cargo <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33449671/">right after injection,</a> which can result in inconsistent drug dosing—more drug is released initially (potentially resulting in toxicity) and less drug is released over time (potentially at too small a dose to be effective). A system that could release discrete doses at specific time points could revolutionize the way drugs are delivered, from multi-dose vaccinations to daily medications.</p>
|
||
<figure role="group" class="align-left">
|
||
<img alt="Unsealed microparticles filled with colored buffer." data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="56139c2b-2b29-4797-a859-571323e3cbbb" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/microparticles-375x375.jpg" width="375" height="375" loading="lazy"></p>
|
||
<figcaption>Unsealed PULSED particles, filled with colored buffer. The diameter of the particles is 400 micrometers. <em>Credit:</em> McHugh laboratory at Rice University.</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p>Responding to this challenge, researchers from Rice University have developed PULSED (for Particles Uniformly Liquified and Sealed to Encapsulate Drugs). Their method, recently <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36862114/">reported in <em>Advanced Materials</em>,</a> creates drug-filled microparticles that can be engineered to degrade and release their therapeutic cargo days or weeks after injection. By combining multiple microparticles with different degradation times into a single injection, the researchers could develop a drug formulation that delivers many doses over time.</p>
|
||
<p>“As a field, we are continually aiming to develop effective and efficient <a href="https://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-education/science-topics/drug-delivery-systems-getting-drugs-their-targets-controlled-manner">drug delivery systems</a> that maximize therapeutic benefit and minimize side effects, which can ultimately improve medication adherence,” said Luisa Russell, Ph.D., a program director in the Division of Discovery Science & Technology at the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB). “With several doses combined into a single treatment, the controlled-release system described here could transform the therapeutic landscape, potentially negating the need for frequent drug administration, both at home and at the clinic.”</p>
|
||
<p>The PULSED microparticles are composed of PLGA, or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), a commonly used polymer in a number of FDA-approved devices. PLGA is made up of repeating units of lactic acid and glycolic acid, two molecules that occur naturally in our bodies. By extending the overall length of the polymer, modifying the ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid, and “capping” the end of the polymer with different molecules, researchers can dictate how long it takes PLGA to disintegrate (and thereby release its therapeutic payload). “In our case, we can combine populations of microparticles with different PLGA compositions that each release their entire contents at one distinct time point,” explained senior study author Kevin McHugh, Ph.D., an assistant professor at Rice University. “This allows us to achieve multiple release events at specific, predetermined times.”</p>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<figure role="group" class="align-center">
|
||
<img alt="Chemical structure of PLGA, with repeating units of lactic acid and glycolic acid highlighted" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="9e32e82a-3137-4d38-8fa5-dbdc3e3f7801" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/PLGA-500x282.jpg" width="500" height="282" loading="lazy"></p>
|
||
<figcaption>Chemical structure of PLGA. This polymer is composed of repeating units, where <em>x</em> represents the number of lactic acid units and <em>y</em> represents the number of glycolic acid units. <em>Credit:</em> McHugh laboratory/NIBIB</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p>Here’s how the drug-loaded microparticles are made: Heated, semiliquid PLGA is pressed into a mold and then cooled, solidifying in the shape of hollow cylinders with an opening at the top. The core of each microparticle is filled with therapeutic cargo, and then the top of the microparticles are heated, causing the PLGA to melt and flow over the opening to seal the drug inside. The initial particles that the researchers developed were 400 micrometers in diameter (for reference, the <a href="https://www.usmint.gov/learn/coin-and-medal-programs/coin-specifications">thickness of a dime</a> is about 1350 micrometers).</p>
|
||
<p>As a first step, the researchers filled four different PLGA microparticle shells with dextran (a type of sugar) that was tagged with a fluorescent molecule, allowing them to easily visualize and measure cargo release. They incubated the microparticles in a body-temperature buffer to mimic real-life conditions and found that the microparticles released their contents at staggered intervals, ranging from roughly eight to 31 days, depending on the PLGA formulation. Importantly, the researchers found that each microparticle formulation released its cargo rapidly, emptying 75% of the dextran over a period of approximately one to three days. They had similar results when they repeated the experiments in mice.</p>
|
||
<p>“While we extended the microparticle degradation time to roughly five weeks in this study, we have only begun to tinker with PLGA compositions to further extend their degradation times and subsequent drug release,” said McHugh. “Based on our previous work with other systems, we are confident that by changing PLGA length and component ratios, we could extend release to six months and likely much longer.”</p>
|
||
<p>After the researchers optimized their microparticle fabrication process, they needed to ensure that a pharmaceutical drug was still viable once encased inside. Many drugs—especially <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/search/biologic/?searchMode=Begins">biologic agents</a>, which are developed using living components—are sensitive to heat, which the researchers use to seal their microparticles. What’s more, the researchers wanted to be certain that long-term storage inside the human body—conditions that heat and acidify the microparticles—wouldn’t adversely affect the drug. They encapsulated bevacizumab (an FDA-approved antibody that is used to treat several types of cancer) into their microparticles along with different kinds of excipients (inactive drug stabilizers) and evaluated the drug’s activity. With the right combination of excipients, the microparticles released bioactive and viable bevacizumab, even after weeks under simulated body conditions.</p>
|
||
<figure role="group" class="align-right">
|
||
<img alt="Sealed microparticles filled with colored buffer are shown inside of a needle for scale." data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="8b249a97-5d23-4345-9087-feedc6a31326" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/microparticles-needle-400x518.jpg" width="400" height="518" loading="lazy"></p>
|
||
<figcaption>Sealed PULSED microparticles, filled with colored buffer and placed inside an 18-gauge needle for scale. <em>Credit:</em> McHugh laboratory at Rice University.</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p>Finally, the researchers wanted to push the envelope and further miniaturize their microparticles. While the original particles could easily flow through an 18-gauge needle, which is routinely used for things like blood collection, smaller needles are preferred for pediatric vaccinations and insulin administration, which typically range from 22 to 31 gauge. Using a smaller mold and the same fabrication method, the researchers were able to shrink the microparticles down to a diameter of 100 micrometers. The loading capacity of these tiny microparticles is 50-fold lower than the original microparticles, but they could potentially be used with even the smallest of commonly used needles, said McHugh. Future work will include evaluating the disintegration time and cargo release of these miniaturized particles.</p>
|
||
<p>“Routes of drug administration are often underappreciated in the field of pharmaceutical medicine,” McHugh said. “Our study, while still early in development, could reshape how routine vaccinations and recurring medications are delivered, ultimately improving medication adherence and human health.”</p>
|
||
<p>This research was supported by grants from NIBIB (EB031495 and EB023833) along with grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF; grants 1842494 and 2236422) and Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RR190056).</p>
|
||
<p><em>This Science Highlight describes a basic research finding. Basic research increases our understanding of human behavior and biology, which is foundational to advancing new and better ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease. Science is an unpredictable and incremental process—each research advance builds on past discoveries, often in unexpected ways. Most clinical advances would not be possible without the knowledge of fundamental basic research.</em></p>
|
||
<p>Study reference: Graf TP, Qiu SY, Varshney D, et al. A Scalable Platform for Fabricating Biodegradable Microparticles with Pulsatile Drug Release [published online ahead of print, 2023 Mar 2]. <em>Adv Mater. </em>2023;e2300228. doi:10.1002/adma.202300228</p>
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