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<title>Recurrir al alcohol para aliviar el dolor: ¿cuáles son los riesgos? | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)</title>
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Recurrir al alcohol para aliviar el dolor: ¿cuáles son los riesgos?
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<h1 class="margin-btm-double ">
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<span>Recurrir al alcohol para aliviar el dolor: ¿cuáles son los riesgos?</span>
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</h1>
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<!--pub-lead -->
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<div class="content-river">
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<div><p>Desde los tiempos antiguos, las personas han consumido alcohol para aliviar el dolor. Los estudios de laboratorio confirman que el alcohol, de hecho, reduce el dolor en seres humanos y en animales. Aún más, investigaciones recientes sugieren que el 28% de las personas que tiene dolor crónico recurren al alcohol para aliviar su sufrimiento. A pesar de esto, el consumo de alcohol para aliviar el dolor hace que las personas estén en riesgo de presentar una serie de consecuencias perjudiciales para su salud. </p>
|
||
|
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<h2>¿Cuáles son los riesgos?</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Combinar alcohol y analgésicos puede ser perjudicial</strong></p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Combinar alcohol con acetaminofeno puede provocar una falla hepática grave. </li>
|
||
<br>
|
||
<li>Combinar alcohol con aspirina aumenta el riesgo de sangrado gástrico.</li>
|
||
<br>
|
||
<li>El alcohol aumenta los efectos analgésicos, reforzadores y sedantes de los opiáceos, lo que aumenta el riesgo de consumo combinado indebido de alcohol y opiáceos, así como de sobredosis. </li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p><em>Si está tomando medicamentos para tratar el dolor, hable con su médico o farmacéutico sobre cualquier reacción que podría surgir de la combinación de estos fármacos con alcohol. </em></p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Las dosis analgésicas de alcohol exceden los niveles recomendados en las <em>Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020–2025 (Pautas dietéticas para los estadounidenses, 2020–2025)</em></strong></p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>De acuerdo con las Pautas dietéticas para los estadounidenses, 2020–2025, si se consume alcohol, la ingesta debe limitarse a 1 bebida alcohólica o menos por día para las mujeres y 2 bebidas alcohólicas o menos al día para los hombres. Los mayores efectos analgésicos se dan cuando se consume alcohol en dosis que superan estas pautas. </li>
|
||
<br>
|
||
<li>La persona desarrolla tolerancia a los efectos analgésicos del alcohol, por lo que se requiere más alcohol para producir el mismo efecto. Aumentar el consumo de alcohol para generar una mayor tolerancia puede causar otros problemas, como el desarrollo de dependencia del alcohol.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>El consumo crónico de alcohol empeora el dolor </strong></p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>La abstinencia del uso crónico de alcohol con frecuencia aumenta la sensibilidad al dolor, lo que podría hacer que algunas personas sigan bebiendo o incluso aumenten su consumo para evitar los aumentos en el dolor causados por la abstinencia. </li>
|
||
<br>
|
||
<li>Con el tiempo, el consumo indebido de alcohol genera una dolorosa neuropatía periférica de fibras pequeñas, la complicación neurológica que se asocia más frecuentemente con el alcoholismo. </li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p><em>Si recurre al alcohol para aliviar su dolor, es importante que conozca los posibles efectos adversos para la salud. </em></p>
|
||
|
||
<h2>References</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p><sup>1 </sup>U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020–2025. 9th ed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2020, p. 29. Disponible en: <a href="https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans_2020-2025.pdf">https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/Dietary_G…</a>. Visitado el 6 de enero de 2021.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><sup>2 </sup>Brennan, P.L.; Schutte, K.K.; and Moos, R.H. Pain and use of alcohol to manage pain: Prevalence and 3-year outcomes among older problem and non-problem drinkers. Addiction 100:777–786, 2005.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>3 Riley III, J.L., and King, C.Self-report of alcohol use for pain in a multi-ethnic community sample. Journal of Pain 10:944–952, 2009.</p>
|
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<div>
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<p class="pub-aside-meta">
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<strong>Published:</strong>
|
||
2021</p>
|
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<p class="pub-aside-meta">
|
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<strong>Updated:</strong>
|
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May 2021
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