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El Alcohol y Su Embarazo (Alcohol and Your Pregnancy)
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|
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|
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<!--pub-lead -->
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|
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<div><h2>La exposición prenatal al alcohol…</h2>
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<div> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/medium__350x350_/public/Spanish-alcohol-pregnancy.png?itok=MaCwwHia" width="350" height="293" alt="Foto de una mujer con un bebé. Image of woman with an infant." loading="lazy">
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</article>
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<h3>...se asocia con un mayor riesgo de aborto espontáneo, muerte fetal, prematuridad y síndrome de muerte infantil súbita (SIDS, por sus siglas en inglés), así como trastornos del espectro alcohólico fetal (FASD, por sus siglas en inglés).</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>FASD es un término para una variedad de condiciones que duran toda la vida que pueden ocurrir en personas que estuvieron expuestas al alcohol antes del nacimiento y a menudo conllevan a la discapacidad.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>Los niños con FASD son más propensos a:</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Tener bajo peso al nacer.</li>
|
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<li>Tener problemas al comer o dormir.</li>
|
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<li>Tener problemas para ver u oír.</li>
|
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<li>Tener problemas para seguir instrucciones y realizar tareas cotidianas.</li>
|
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<li>Tener dificultad para prestar atención y aprender en la escuela.</li>
|
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<li>Tener problemas cognitivos y académicos y necesitar servicios educativos especiales.</li>
|
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<li>Tener problemas para controlar su comportamiento y llevarse bien con los demás.</li>
|
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<li>Tener problemas médicos y de comportamiento que pueden hacerse evidentes en diferentes etapas de la vida.</li>
|
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<li>Ser propenso a desarrollar trastornos por consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias más adelante.</li>
|
||
<li>Necesitar a menudo atención médica y de comportamiento adicional, y asistencia y apoyo social durante toda su vida.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Estas son algunas preguntas que usted puede tener acerca del alcohol y el consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo.</strong></p>
|
||
|
||
<h3>1. ¿Puedo consumir alcohol si estoy embarazada?</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>No. Un bebé en desarrollo está expuesto a la misma concentración de alcohol que la madre durante el embarazo. No se conoce una cantidad segura de consumo de alcohol para las mujeres que están embarazadas, incluso al principio del embarazo cuando una mujer puede no saber que está embarazada.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3>2. ¿Son algunos tipos de alcohol menos dañinos que otros?</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>No. La exposición al alcohol de cualquier tipo de bebidas, incluyendo cerveza, vino, seltzer duro, sidra con alcohol, refrescos con alcohol o 'alcopops', licores destilados o bebidas mixtas, no es segura para los bebés en desarrollo en cualquier etapa del embarazo. Una copa de vino, una lata de cerveza y un trago de licor tienen aproximadamente la misma cantidad de alcohol. Los cócteles (bebidas mixtas) pueden tener el doble de alcohol que estas otras bebidas.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3>3. ¿Por qué si yo consumí alcohol durante mi último embarazo, mi hijo nació bien?</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>Cada embarazo es diferente. La exposición al alcohol antes del nacimiento puede causar más daño a un niño que a otro. Usted podría tener un niño que nace sano y otro niño que nace con problemas. Algunos problemas intelectuales y de comportamiento relacionados con FASD pueden no ser evidentes inicialmente y pueden aparecer en cualquier momento durante la infancia.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3>4. ¿Los FASD tienen efectos para toda la vida?</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>Sí. Los FASD son condiciones para toda la vida. Aunque algunos efectos se pueden reconocer temprano, otros problemas se hacen evidentes más adelante en la vida. Si bien el diagnóstico y el tratamiento tempranos pueden mejorar la salud y el comportamiento del niño, actualmente no existe una cura para los FASD.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3>5. ¿Qué pasa si estoy embarazada y he consumido alcohol?</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>Si consumió alcohol antes de saber que estaba embarazada o antes de saber que el alcohol podría causar daño a su bebé, deje de consumir ahora. Cada día importa. Cuanto antes deje de consumir alcohol, mejor para su bebé.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3>6. ¿Cómo puedo dejar de consumir alcohol?</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>Si le resulta difícil dejar de consumir alcohol, hable con su proveedor de atención médica acerca de cómo obtener ayuda. Hay una variedad de tratamientos que pueden ayudarle. Las opciones para las mujeres embarazadas incluyen tratamientos conductuales y grupos de apoyo mutuo. Es posible que su proveedor de atención médica pueda ayudarle a determinar la mejor opción para usted.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>El tratamiento es un proceso continuo. Aunque haya participado en el tratamiento antes, inténtelo otra vez.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2>Para recibir ayuda e información</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p>Usted puede obtener ayuda de su doctor u otro profesional de cuidados de la salud, su pastor, grupo de apoyo mutuo u otras personas de apoyo.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Instituto Nacional sobre el Abuso del Alcohol y Alcoholismo (NIAAA)</strong><br>
|
||
301–443–3860, <a href="https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/" tabindex="4">https://www.niaaa.nih.gov</a> (en inglés)</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Localizador de Tratamiento para el Alcohol de NIAAA</strong><br>
|
||
<a href="https://alcoholtreatment.niaaa.nih.gov/" tabindex="4">https://alcoholtreatment.niaaa.nih.gov</a> (en inglés)</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>FASD United</strong><br>
|
||
202–785–4585, <a href="https://fasdunited.org/" tabindex="5">https://fasdunited.org</a> (en inglés)</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><b>El círculo de la esperanza: una red de mentores para madres biológicas</b><br>
|
||
<a href="https://fasdunited.org/circle-of-hope" tabindex="5">https://fasdunited.org/circle-of-hope</a> (en inglés)</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Madres Anónimas en Recuperación</strong><br>
|
||
<a href="http://www.recoveringmothers.org/" tabindex="5">https://recoveringmothers.org</a> (en inglés)</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades</strong><br>
|
||
1–800–CDC–INFO (1–800–232–4636)<br>
|
||
<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/spanish/fasd" tabindex="5">https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/spanish/fasd</a></p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Línea Nacional de Ayuda de la Administración de Salud Mental y Abuso de Sustancias (SAMHSA) </strong><br>
|
||
1–800–662–HELP (1–800–662–4357)<br>
|
||
<a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/linea-nacional-ayuda" tabindex="6">https://www.samhsa.gov/linea-nacional-ayuda</a> </p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>MotherToBaby</strong><br>
|
||
<a href="https://www.mothertobaby.org/es/sitio-web-en-espanol" tabindex="5">https://www.mothertobaby.org/es/sitio-web-en-espanol</a></p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Colegio Americano de Obstetras y Ginecólogos</strong><br>
|
||
<a href="http://www.acog.org/womens-health" tabindex="5">https://www.acog.org/womens-health</a> (en inglés)</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Academia Americana de Pediatría</strong><br>
|
||
<a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/spanish/health-issues/conditions/chronic/paginas/Fetal-Alcohol-Spectrum-Disorders-FAQs-of-Parents-and-Families.aspx" tabindex="5">https://www.healthychildren.org/spanish/health-issues/conditions/chronic/paginas/Fetal-Alcohol-Spectrum-Disorders-FAQs-of-Parents-and-Families.aspx</a></p>
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<strong>Revised:</strong>
|
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2021
|
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<strong>Reprinted:</strong>
|
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2006
|
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<strong>Updated:</strong>
|
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August 2022
|
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<p class="pub-aside-meta">
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<strong>NIH Publication No:</strong>
|
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21-AA-4102S</p>
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