nih-gov/www.niaaa.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/single-episode-binge-drinking-linked-gut-leakage-and-immune-system-effects
2025-02-26 13:17:41 -05:00

1275 lines
46 KiB
Text
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
<head>
<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MP7S353');</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="description" content="A single alcohol binge can cause bacteria to leak from the gut and increase levels of bacterial toxins in the blood, according to a study funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Increased levels of these bacterial toxins, called endotoxins, were shown to affect the immune system, with the body producing more immune cells involved in fever, inflammation, and tissue destruction.  " />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/single-episode-binge-drinking-linked-gut-leakage-and-immune-system-effects" />
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="D6PddlP4x_B-aaYH1GdtXWLMtqqDRm1KB76zwXU94r0" />
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" />
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" />
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge" />
<link rel="icon" href="/sites/default/themes/solstice/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="und" href="https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/single-episode-binge-drinking-linked-gut-leakage-and-immune-system-effects" />
<title>Single episode of binge drinking linked to gut leakage and immune system effects | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_3jqSjunUwI7WktROG0Eute4UvTfE7JnUEOI-esMGxkQ.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=solstice&amp;include=eJxFyUEOgCAMRNELoZypyEiIhRqnRrm9Lkxc_vc56GgxCRFoSq8LYlFLohN9aO3l99W6ywVaQ8Dt79xiPs5ddP7yAeDrH1E" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_284cOjFlGt6BbVNygt8wCcMAVOImI5Qo3eLcYPtTvXw.css?delta=1&amp;language=en&amp;theme=solstice&amp;include=eJxFyUEOgCAMRNELoZypyEiIhRqnRrm9Lkxc_vc56GgxCRFoSq8LYlFLohN9aO3l99W6ywVaQ8Dt79xiPs5ddP7yAeDrH1E" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_Ki7WmdMheyToDR_iZ4-TUWAd6Z_Ji9D5oheAUfVPDGQ.css?delta=2&amp;language=en&amp;theme=solstice&amp;include=eJxFyUEOgCAMRNELoZypyEiIhRqnRrm9Lkxc_vc56GgxCRFoSq8LYlFLohN9aO3l99W6ywVaQ8Dt79xiPs5ddP7yAeDrH1E" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_ZURahwWpOtPq2J3aEz1C3IyNMbNi6vxbJc3xYRtyniA.css?delta=3&amp;language=en&amp;theme=solstice&amp;include=eJxFyUEOgCAMRNELoZypyEiIhRqnRrm9Lkxc_vc56GgxCRFoSq8LYlFLohN9aO3l99W6ywVaQ8Dt79xiPs5ddP7yAeDrH1E" />
</head>
<body class="page-node-1001 path-node page-node-type-news body">
<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MP7S353"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" title="hhsgtmcontainer"></iframe></noscript>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable">
Skip to main content
</a>
<div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>
<section class="usa-banner">
<section class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official website of the United States government">
<div class="usa-accordion">
<header class="usa-banner__header">
<div class="usa-banner__inner">
<div class="grid-col-auto">
<img aria-hidden="true" class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/sites/default/themes/solstice/assets/uswds/img/us_flag_small.png" alt=""/>
</div>
<div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto" aria-hidden="true">
<p class="usa-banner__header-text">
An official website of the United States government
</p>
<p class="usa-banner__header-action">Heres how you know</p>
</div>
<button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default-default">
<span class="usa-banner__button-text">Heres how you know</span>
</button>
</div>
</header>
<div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default-default" hidden>
<div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg">
<div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6">
<img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/sites/default/themes/solstice/assets/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"/>
<div class="usa-media-block__body">
<p>
<strong>Official websites use .gov</strong><br/>A
<strong>.gov</strong>
website belongs to an official government
organization in the United States.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6">
<img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/sites/default/themes/solstice/assets/uswds/img/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"/>
<div class="usa-media-block__body">
<p>
<strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong><br/>A
<strong>lock</strong>
(
<span class="icon-lock">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-description-default" focusable="false">
<title id="banner-lock-title-default">Lock</title>
<desc id="banner-lock-description-default">Locked padlock icon</desc>
<path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z"/>
</svg>
</span>) or
<strong>https://</strong>
means youve safely connected to
the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official,
secure websites.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<div class="usa-overlay" id="overlay" aria-hidden="true"></div>
<header class="usa-header usa-header--extended" id="header" role="banner">
<div class="region region-header usa-navbar">
<div class="usa-logo site-logo" id="logo">
<em class="usa-logo__text">
<a class="logo-img" href="/" accesskey="1" title="Home" aria-label="Home">
<img src="/sites/default/themes/solstice/niaaa-logo.png" alt="Home" />
</a>
</em>
</div>
<button class="usa-menu-btn" type="button">Menu</button>
</div>
<nav class="usa-nav" role="navigation">
<div class="usa-nav__inner">
<button type="button" class="usa-nav__close">
<img src="/sites/default/themes/solstice/assets/uswds/img/usa-icons/close.svg" alt="close"/>
</button>
<ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion">
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item flex-fill">
<button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-1">
<span>Alcohol&#039;s Effects on Health</span>
</button>
<ul id="basic-nav-section-1" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden="" >
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/alcohols-effects-health" title="Alcohol&#039;s Effects on Health" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5491">Alcohol&#039;s Effects on Health</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-topics-a-to-z" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10109">Alcohol Topics</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/treatment-alcohol-problems-finding-and-getting-help" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5011">Getting Help</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-topics/alcohol-facts-and-statistics" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13706">Alcohol Facts and Statistics</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/niaaa-short-takes-video-series" class="link">NIAAA Short Takes Video Series</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-interventions-young-adults" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12656">Alcohol Interventions for Young Adults</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/niaaa-publications-order-form" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5266">Order Publications</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item flex-fill">
<button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-2">
<span>Health Professionals &amp; Communities</span>
</button>
<ul id="basic-nav-section-2" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden="" >
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/health-professionals-communities" title="Health Professionals &amp; Communities" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5526">Health Professionals &amp; Communities</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/health-professionals-communities/native-air" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15486">Native Communities: Alcohol Intervention Review (NativeAIR)</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/health-professionals-communities/core-resource-on-alcohol" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12236">The Healthcare Professional&#039;s Core Resource on Alcohol</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="https://www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov/CollegeAIM/Default.aspx" class="link">Resources from the NIAAA College Task Force</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/health-professionals-communities/alcohol-interventions-young-adults-healthcare-professionals" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12661">Alcohol Interventions for Young Adults</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/publications/clinical-guides-and-manuals/alcohol-screening-and-brief-intervention-youth" class="link">Alcohol Screening &amp; Brief Intervention for Youth</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/publications/surveillance-reports" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12301">Surveillance Reports</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/health-professionals-communities#additional-reports" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5526">Additional Reports and Resources</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item flex-fill">
<button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-3">
<span>Research</span>
</button>
<ul id="basic-nav-section-3" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden="" >
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research" title="Research" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83">Research</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research/major-initiatives" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/112">Major Research Initiatives</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/extramural-research" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1115">Extramural Research Program</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research/division-intramural-clinical-and-biological-research" class="link">Intramural Research Program</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research/alcohol-research-resource-r24-and-r28-awards" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3531">Alcohol Research Resource (R24) Awards</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research/niaaa-sbir" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5556">NIAAA SBIR/ STTR Program</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research/data-archive-and-resources" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15236">Data Archive and Resources</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item flex-fill">
<button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-4">
<span>Research Training</span>
</button>
<ul id="basic-nav-section-4" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden="" >
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research-training-and-career-development" title="Research Training" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3546">Research Training</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research/research-training-and-career-development/training-opportunities-education-level" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3556">Training Grants by Eligibility</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research/research-training-and-career-development/training-opportunities-grant-mechanism" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3561">Training Grants by Mechanism</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/training-resources" class="link">Research Training Programs</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/research-training-and-career-development/centers-and-training-working-group-roster" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3551">Centers and Training Working Group Roster</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item flex-fill">
<button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-5">
<span>Grants &amp; Funding</span>
</button>
<ul id="basic-nav-section-5" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden="" >
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/grant-funding" title="Grants &amp; Funding" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/84">Grants &amp; Funding</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/application-process" class="link">How to Apply for a Grant</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/funding-opportunities" class="link">Funding Opportunities</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/grant-funding/management-reporting" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/166">Management &amp; Reporting</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item flex-fill">
<button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-6">
<span>News &amp; Events</span>
</button>
<ul id="basic-nav-section-6" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden="" >
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/news-events" title="News &amp; Events" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/47">News &amp; Events</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/news-events/news" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5521">News</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/news-events/meetings-events-exhibits" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5525">Events</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/news-events/press-room" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/636">Press Room</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/news-events/niaaa-social-media" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11396">Social Media</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="https://www.spectrum.niaaa.nih.gov/" class="link">Spectrum</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item flex-fill">
<button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-7">
<span>About NIAAA</span>
</button>
<ul id="basic-nav-section-7" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden="" >
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/about-niaaa" title="About NIAAA" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86">About NIAAA</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/advisory-council" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/181">NIAAA Advisory Council</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/about-niaaa/strategic-plan-fiscal-years-2024-2028" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/14961">Strategic Plan: Fiscal Years 20242028</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/our-work" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/176">Our Work</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/about-niaaa/our-funding" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/189">Our Funding</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/our-staff" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/190">Our Staff</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/about-niaaa/career-and-training-opportunities" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/191">Careers &amp; Training</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/about-niaaa/contact-us" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/201">Contact Us</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
<a href="/our-work/history-niaaa" class="link">History</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class='usa-nav__secondary top-search-bar'>
<ul class="usa-nav__secondary-links">
<li class="usa-nav__secondary-item">
<a href="/join-study" title="" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/153">Join a Clinical Study</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__secondary-item">
<a href="/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-topics/health-topics-treatment-alcohol-problems" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13376">Getting Help</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-nav__secondary-item">
<a href="/our-work/donations-niaaa" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/540">Donate</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form action="/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-acquia-search-page" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="usa-search usa-search--small" role="search">
<label class="usa-sr-only" for="extended-search-field-small">Search</label>
<input class="usa-input" id="extended-search-field-small" maxlength="128" type="search" name="search"/>
<button class="usa-button" type="submit">
<span class="usa-sr-only">Search</span>
<svg class="usa-icon" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img">
<use xlink:href="/sites/default/themes/solstice/assets/uswds/img/sprite.svg#search"></use>
</svg>
</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</header>
<div class="above-content">
<div>
<div class="page-banner">
<div class="l-inner">
<p class="h1 heading-1 text-reverse">News & Events</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="block-solstice-breadcrumbs">
<div class="breadcrumb-container">
<nav role="navigation" class="usa-breadcrumb usa-breadcrumb--wrap" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb">
<h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="usa-sr-only">Breadcrumb</h2>
<ol class="usa-breadcrumb__list">
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
<a href="/" class="usa-breadcrumb__link">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
<a href="/news-events" class="usa-breadcrumb__link">News &amp; Events</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
<a href="/news-events/news-releases" class="usa-breadcrumb__link">News Releases</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
Single episode of binge drinking linked to gut leakage and immune system effects
</li>
</ol>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="usa-section">
<div class="main--container">
<div class="grid-row grid-gap">
<main class="main--content grid-col" id="main-content">
<div id="block-solstice-content">
<article>
<div class="content-river">
<div>
<h1>
<span>Single episode of binge drinking linked to gut leakage and immune system effects</span>
</h1>
<div class="news-type">News Release</div>
<p><time datetime="2014-05-14T12:00:00Z">Wednesday, May 14, 2014</time>
</p>
<p>A single alcohol binge can cause bacteria to leak from the gut and increase levels of bacterial toxins in the blood, according to a study funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Increased levels of these bacterial toxins, called endotoxins, were shown to affect the immune system, with the body producing more immune cells involved in fever, inflammation, and tissue destruction. &nbsp;</p>
<p>Binge drinking is defined by NIAAA as a pattern of drinking alcohol that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08g/dL or above. For a typical adult, this pattern corresponds to consuming 5 or more drinks for men, or 4 or more drinks for women, in about 2 hours. Some individuals will reach a 0.08g/dL BAC sooner depending on body weight. Binge drinking is known to pose health and safety risks, including car crashes and injuries. Over the long term, binge drinking can damage the liver and other organs.</p>
<p>“While the negative health effects of chronic drinking are well-documented, this is a key study to show that a single alcohol binge can cause damaging effects such as bacterial leakage from the gut into the blood stream,” said Dr. George Koob, director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, part of the NIH.</p>
<p>The study was led by Gyongyi Szabo, M.D., Ph.D., Professor and Vice Chair of Medicine and Associate Dean for Clinical and Translational Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Medical School. The article appears online in <a href="http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096864">PLOS ONE</a>.</p>
<p>In the study, 11 men and 14 women were given enough alcohol to raise their blood alcohol levels to at least .08 g/dL within an hour. Blood samples were taken every 30 minutes for 4 hours after the binge and again 24 hours later.</p>
<p>The researchers found that the alcohol binge resulted in a rapid increase in endotoxin levels in the blood and evidence of bacterial DNA, showing that bacteria had permeated the gut. Endotoxins are toxins contained in the cell wall of certain bacteria that are released when the cell is destroyed. Compared to men, women had higher blood alcohol levels and circulating endotoxin levels. &nbsp;</p>
<p>“We found that a single alcohol binge can elicit an immune response, potentially impacting the health of an otherwise healthy individual,” said Dr. Szabo. “Our observations suggest that an alcohol binge is more dangerous than&nbsp;previously&nbsp;thought.”</p>
<p>Earlier studies have tied chronic alcohol use to increased gut permeability, wherein potentially harmful products can travel through the intestinal wall and be carried to other parts of the body. Greater gut permeability and increased endotoxin levels have been linked to many of the health issues related to chronic drinking, including alcoholic liver disease.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>
</div>
</article>
</div>
<div id="block-newsreleasecontact">
<div class="contact-info content-river">
<div><div class="contact-info content-river l-skinny">
<p><strong>About the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA):</strong><br>
The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), part of the National Institutes of Health, is the primary U.S. agency for conducting and supporting research on the causes, consequences, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of alcohol use disorder. NIAAA also disseminates research findings to general, professional, and academic audiences. Additional alcohol research information and publications are available at&nbsp;<a href="/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">www.niaaa.nih.gov</a>.</p>
<p><strong>About the National Institutes of Health (NIH):</strong><br>
NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nih.gov/" rel="noreferrer noopener">www.nih.gov</a>.</p>
<p><strong>Contact info</strong>:<br>
NIAAA Press Office<br>
301-443-2857<br>
<a href="mailto:NIAAAPressOffice@mail.nih.gov">NIAAAPressOffice@mail.nih.gov</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="usa-footer usa-footer--big" role="contentinfo">
<div class="usa-footer__return-to-top return-to-top-stick">
<a href="#">Return to top</a>
</div>
<div class="usa-footer__primary-section">
<div class="usa-footer__primary-content">
<div class="grid-container">
<div class="grid-row grid-gap">
<div class="tablet:grid-col-8">
<nav class="usa-footer__nav" aria-label="Footer navigation">
<div class="grid-row grid-gap-4">
<div id="block-footermenu" class="mobile-lg:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col">
<section class="usa-footer__primary-content usa-footer__primary-content--collapsible">
<h4 class="usa-footer__primary-link">NIAAA</h4>
<ul class="usa-list usa-list--unstyled">
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="/sitemap" title="" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="sitemap">Site Map</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="/about-niaaa/contact-us" title="" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/201">Contact Us</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="/disclaimer" title="" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/616">Disclaimer</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</div>
<div id="block-solstice-otherniaaasites" class="mobile-lg:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col">
<section class="usa-footer__primary-content usa-footer__primary-content--collapsible">
<h4 class="usa-footer__primary-link">Other NIAAA Sites</h4>
<ul class="usa-list usa-list--unstyled">
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="https://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/" title="Alcohol Policy Information System" class="link">Alcohol Policy Information System</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="https://arcr.niaaa.nih.gov/" title="Alcohol Research: Current Reviews (ARCR)" class="link">Alcohol Research: Current Reviews (ARCR)</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="https://alcoholtreatment.niaaa.nih.gov/" title="Alcohol Treatment Navigator" class="link">Alcohol Treatment Navigator</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="https://www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov/" class="link">College Drinking Prevention</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="https://niaaaforteens.niaaa.nih.gov/" class="link">NIAAA Facts About Teen Drinking</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="/news-events/niaaa-spectrum-webzine" title="NIAAA Spectrum" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/169">NIAAA Spectrum</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-footer__secondary-link">
<a href="https://rethinkingdrinking.niaaa.nih.gov/" class="link">Rethinking Drinking</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</div>
<div>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="tablet:grid-col-4">
<div>
<div id="block-solstice-govdeliveryformblock">
<div class="usa-sign-up">
<h4 class="usa-sign-up__heading">Get Email Updates</h4>
<form class="usa-form" action="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIAAA/subscribers/qualify" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post" data-drupal-form-fields="email" target="_blank">
<input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓">
<input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="myTqrfcKP26ImObkqXpLlCJwJeMr6pdTfN5L19Lw964CAojxidv3kEZTy3NuaWCFS9OWuYPTy20qtVl1JsD9hQ==">
<label class="usa-label" for="email">Your email address</label>
<input class="usa-input" id="email" name="email" type="email"/>
<button class="usa-button" type="submit">Sign up</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="usa-footer__secondary-section">
<div class="grid-container">
<div class="grid-row grid-gap">
<div class="usa-footer__logo grid-row mobile-lg:grid-col-6 mobile-lg:grid-gap-2">
<a href="https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/">
<div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-auto">
<img class="usa-footer__logo-img" src="/sites/default/themes/solstice/assets/img/niaaa-logo.png" alt="Agency logo">
</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="usa-footer__contact-links desktop:grid-col-6">
<div class="usa-footer__social-links grid-row grid-gap-1">
<div class="grid-col-auto">
<a class="usa-social-link usa-social-link--facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/NIAAAgov/" target="_blank">
<i class="fa-brands fa-facebook-f"></i>
</a>
</div>
<div class="grid-col-auto">
<a class="usa-social-link usa-social-link--instagram" href="https://instagram.com/NIAAAnews" target="_blank">
<i class="fa-brands fa-instagram"></i>
</a>
</div>
<div class="grid-col-auto">
<a class="usa-social-link usa-social-link--twitter" href="https://twitter.com/NIAAAnews" target="_blank">
<i class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter"></i>
</a>
</div>
<div class="grid-col-auto">
<a class="usa-social-link usa-social-link--linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/nih-national-institute-on-alcohol-abuse-and-alcoholism/" target="_blank">
<i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i>
</a>
</div>
<div class="grid-col-auto">
<a class="usa-social-link usa-social-link--youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/@NIAAANIH" target="_blank">
<i class="fa-brands fa-youtube"></i>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<address class="usa-footer__address">
<div class="usa-footer__contact-info grid-row grid-gap">
</div>
</address>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<div class="usa-identifier">
<section
class="usa-identifier__section usa-identifier__section--masthead"
aria-label="">
<div class="usa-identifier__container"><div class="usa-identifier__identity" aria-label="">
<p class="usa-identifier__identity-domain">niaaa.nih.gov</p>
<p class="usa-identifier__identity-disclaimer">An official website of the <a href="https://www.nih.gov">National Institutes of Health</a> and the <a href="https://www.niaaa.nih.gov">National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<nav class="usa-identifier__section usa-identifier__section--required-links" aria-label="Important Links">
<div class="usa-identifier__container">
<ul class="usa-identifier__required-links-list">
<li class="usa-identifier__required-links-item">
<a href="/about-niaaa" class="usa-identifier__required-link usa-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86">About NIAAA</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-identifier__required-links-item">
<a href="/accessibility" class="usa-identifier__required-link usa-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/92">Accessibility</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-identifier__required-links-item">
<a href="/freedom-information-act-foia" class="usa-identifier__required-link usa-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/96">FOIA</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-identifier__required-links-item">
<a href="/privacy" class="usa-identifier__required-link usa-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93">Privacy Policy</a>
</li>
<li class="usa-identifier__required-links-item">
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="usa-identifier__required-link usa-link">Vulnerability Disclosure</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<section class="usa-identifier__section usa-identifier__section--usagov" aria-label="">
<div class="usa-identifier__container">
<div class="usa-identifier__usagov-description">Looking for U.S. government information and services?</div>
<a href="https://www.usa.gov/" class="usa-link">Visit USA.gov</a>
</div>
</section>
</div>
</div>
<script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/1001","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":true,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":false,"extExclude":"(niaaa-dev\\.iq\\.iqsolutions\\.com)|(niaaa-demo\\.iqsolutions\\.com)|(dev\\.niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)|(stage\\.niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)|(content\\.niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)| (drupal1stg\\.prod\\.acquia-sites\\.com)|(addictionresearch\\.nih\\.gov)|(alcoholtreatment\\.niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)|(arcr\\.niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)|(pubs\\.niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)|(rethinkingdrinking\\.niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)|(collegedrinkingprevention\\.gov)|(niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)| (spectrum\\.niaaa\\.nih\\.gov)","extInclude":"(permanent\\.fdlp\\.gov\/*)","extCssExclude":".usa-social-link","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":false,"extAlertText":"The link you have selected is located on a non-NIAAA website. The page will open in a new window. Click OK to proceed. Click Cancel to stay on the NIAAA website. For additional information, click the \u0022Disclaimer\u0022 link at the bottom of this webpage. NIAAA links to external websites to supplement the information found on the NIAAA website. However, NIAAA is not responsible for the information provided on external websites. Linking to a non-NIAAA website does not indicate an endorsement by NIAAA of the sponsors or of the information and products presented on the website. You will be subject to the external website\u0027s privacy policy when you leave NIAAA\u0027s website.","mailtoClass":"mailto","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/search":true},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"4e30a5f49b5cb41f19ce8fc050778cbf4a3f6d15e6ea7ae3ecb470a24eb76f37"}}</script>
<script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_7EEwZdd8l1mj56dq3iNvu0yA35A65lrEovJK0yLC2Ks.js?scope=footer&amp;delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=solstice&amp;include=eJxFiksOgCAMBS8EciaUSoi1Je0j6u11oXE5H1d2tIVSZZ0zR8fFTWrwz68qyAe57hToxBO3VGz0zNOL_2uEYRKh_Qbz6yKX"></script>
</body>
</html>