1218 lines
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Text
1218 lines
42 KiB
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<meta name="last-updated" content="Dec 11, 2024, 10:44:42 AM" />
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Corneal Conditions
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<h1>
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<span>Corneal Conditions</span>
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<div class="c-jump-menu__intro">On this page:</div>
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<a class="c-jump-menu__item" href="#section-id-12378">Types</a>
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<a class="c-jump-menu__item" href="#section-id-11829">Risk</a>
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<a class="c-jump-menu__item" href="#section-id-11846">Diagnosis</a>
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<a class="c-jump-menu__item" href="#section-id-11852">Treatment</a>
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<a class="c-jump-menu__item" href="#section-id-11834">Research</a>
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<img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/square_medium/public/2019-06/Corneal-conditions-GettyImages-157636838.jpg?itok=8QwQ7D19" width="600" height="600" alt="Close up of woman's face." />
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</div>
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<div class="c-at-a-glance__content">
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<h2 class="c-at-a-glance__title">At a glance: Corneal Conditions</h2>
|
||
<ul><li><div class="c-at-a-glance__item">
|
||
<strong class="c-at-a-glance__label">Symptoms:</strong>
|
||
<div class="c-at-a-glance__description"><p>Eye pain, blurry vision, red or watery eyes, sensitivity to light</p></div>
|
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</div>
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</li><li><div class="c-at-a-glance__item">
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<strong class="c-at-a-glance__label">Diagnosis:</strong>
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||
<div class="c-at-a-glance__description"><p>Eye exam</p></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li><li><div class="c-at-a-glance__item">
|
||
<strong class="c-at-a-glance__label">Treatment:</strong>
|
||
<div class="c-at-a-glance__description"><p>Medicine, laser surgery, corneal transplant, artificial cornea</p></div>
|
||
</div>
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</li></ul>
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<h2 class="c-section__heading">
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What is the cornea?
|
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<div class="c-text">
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<p>The cornea is the clear outer layer at the front of the eye. The cornea helps your eye to focus light so you can see clearly.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="c-link">
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<a href="/learn-about-eye-health/healthy-vision/how-eyes-work" class="c-link__link">Learn more about the cornea</a>
|
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</div>
|
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</div>
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<div class="c-section" id="section-id-12378">
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<h2 class="c-section__heading">
|
||
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What are the main types of corneal conditions?
|
||
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</h2>
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<div class="c-text">
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<p>There are several common conditions that affect the <a>cornea.</a></p><p><strong>Injuries</strong>. Small abrasions (scratches) on the cornea usually heal on their own. Deeper scratches or other injuries can cause corneal scarring and vision problems.</p><p><strong>Allergies</strong>. Allergies to pollen can irritate the eyes and cause allergic conjunctivitis (pink eye). This can make your eyes red, itchy, and watery.</p>
|
||
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</div>
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<div class="c-link">
|
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|
||
<a href="/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/pink-eye" class="c-link__link">Learn more about pink eye</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Keratitis</strong>. Keratitis is inflammation (redness and swelling) of the cornea. Infections related to contact lenses are the most common cause of keratitis.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-link">
|
||
|
||
<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/contact-lenses/causes/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/contactlenses/germs-infections.html" class="c-link__link">Learn more about contact lens-related infections</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Dry eye</strong>. Dry eye happens when your eyes don’t make enough tears to stay wet. This can be uncomfortable and may cause vision problems.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-link">
|
||
|
||
<a href="/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/dry-eye" class="c-link__link">Learn more about dry eye</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Corneal dystrophies</strong>. Corneal dystrophies cause cloudy vision when material builds up on the cornea. These diseases usually run in families.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-link">
|
||
|
||
<a href="/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/corneal-conditions/corneal-dystrophies" class="c-link__link">Learn more about corneal dystrophies</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>There are also a number of less common diseases that can affect the cornea — including ocular herpes, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, iridocorneal endothelial syndrome, and pterygium.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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<div class="c-link">
|
||
|
||
<a href="/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/corneal-conditions/other-types-corneal-disease" class="c-link__link">Learn about other types of corneal disease</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
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|
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|
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</div>
|
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|
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<div class="c-callout c-callout--wide c-callout--rounded" id="section-id-12380">
|
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<figure class="c-callout__image">
|
||
<img src="https://www.nei.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/400px_square_crop/public/2019-01/GlaucomaHelp.jpg?itok=AiS_r3Eb" alt="A person gets an eye exam." />
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<div class="c-callout__content">
|
||
<h2 class="c-callout__heading">
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
When to get help right away
|
||
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Go to the eye doctor or the emergency room if you have:</p><ul><li>Intense eye pain</li><li>Change in vision</li><li>Blurry vision</li><li>Very red, watery eyes</li><li>An object stuck in your eye</li><li>A serious eye injury or trauma — like getting hit hard in the eye</li></ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-section" id="section-id-11829">
|
||
<h2 class="c-section__heading">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Am I at risk for corneal conditions?
|
||
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Some corneal conditions, like corneal dystrophies, run in families. But there are steps you can take to lower your risk of corneal injuries and infections.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>To <a>prevent corneal injuries, </a>wear protective eyewear when you:</p><ul><li>Play sports that use a ball or puck, like baseball or hockey</li><li>Do yardwork, like mowing the lawn or using a weedwhacker</li><li>Make repairs, like painting or hammering</li><li>Use machines, like sanders or drills</li><li><a>Use chemicals, like bleach or pesticides</a></li></ul><p>If you wear contact lenses, always follow the instructions to clean, disinfect, and store your lenses. This can help prevent corneal infections, like keratitis.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-link">
|
||
|
||
<a href="/learn-about-eye-health/healthy-vision/contact-lenses" class="c-link__link">Learn more about contact lenses and how to take care of them</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-callout c-callout--wide c-callout--rounded" id="section-id-11818">
|
||
<figure class="c-callout__image">
|
||
<img src="https://www.nei.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/400px_square_crop/public/news/new_trial_dry_eye.jpg?itok=okE6SoBJ" alt="Clinical study of a new eye drop may offer hope to patients with dry eye. Photo courtesy of Patrick Walderzak." />
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<div class="c-callout__content">
|
||
<h3 class="c-callout__heading">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Feel like something’s stuck in your eye?
|
||
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul><li>Try blinking several times</li><li>Try rinsing your eye with clean water or saline (salt) solution</li><li>Try pulling your upper eyelid down over your lower eyelid</li><li>Don’t rub your eye — you could scratch your cornea</li><li>If an object is stuck in your eye, don’t try to remove it yourself — go to your eye doctor or the emergency room</li></ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
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|
||
|
||
|
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</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-section" id="section-id-11846">
|
||
<h2 class="c-section__heading">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
How will my eye doctor check for corneal conditions?
|
||
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Eye doctors can check for corneal conditions as part of a comprehensive <a>eye exam</a>. The exam is simple and painless.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-link">
|
||
|
||
<a href="/learn-about-eye-health/healthy-vision/get-dilated-eye-exam" class="c-link__link">Learn what to expect from a comprehensive dilated eye exam</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>To check for corneal abrasions (scratches), your eye doctor may use a special type of eye drops called fluorescein dye. The dye makes corneal abrasions easier to see.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-section" id="section-id-11852">
|
||
<h2 class="c-section__heading">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
What is the treatment for corneal conditions?
|
||
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Many corneal conditions can be treated with prescription eye drops or pills. If you have advanced corneal disease, you may need a different treatment.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-list">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="c-list--ul">
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
<li class="c-list__item">
|
||
<span class="c-list__icon">
|
||
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|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/media_library/public/2019-05/icon_grey_laser.png?itok=WSwZ62wO" width="103" height="102" alt="" />
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="c-list__text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Laser treatment.</strong> To treat some corneal dystrophies and other conditions, doctors can use a type of laser treatment called phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) to reshape the cornea, remove scar tissue, and make vision clearer.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="c-list__item">
|
||
<span class="c-list__icon">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/media_library/public/2019-05/icon_grey_hospital.png?itok=bFTTwvJz" width="102" height="102" alt="" />
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="c-list__text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Corneal transplant surgery.</strong> If the damage to your cornea can’t be repaired, doctors can remove the damaged part and replace it with healthy corneal tissue from a donor.</p><p><a href="/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/corneal-conditions/corneal-transplants">Learn more about corneal transplants</a></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="c-list__item">
|
||
<span class="c-list__icon">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/media_library/public/2019-05/icon_grey_eye.png?itok=BSqVYId1" width="103" height="102" alt="" />
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="c-list__text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Artificial cornea</strong>. As an alternative to corneal transplant, doctors can replace a damaged cornea with an artificial cornea, called a keratoprosthesis (KPro).</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-callout c-callout--wide c-callout--rounded" id="section-id-11831">
|
||
<figure class="c-callout__image">
|
||
<img src="https://www.nei.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/400px_square_crop/public/2019-03/DidYouKnow.jpg?itok=lYCioilO" alt="" />
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<div class="c-callout__content">
|
||
<h2 class="c-callout__heading">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Did you know?
|
||
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul><li>Corneal transplants are the most common type of transplant surgery</li><li>In 2014, more than 47,000 people in the United States got a corneal transplant</li></ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-section" id="section-id-11834">
|
||
<h2 class="c-section__heading">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
What is the latest research on corneal conditions?
|
||
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-text">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Scientists are studying what causes corneal disease and how we can find it earlier and treat it better. NEI also funds research on new treatment options.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="c-link">
|
||
|
||
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