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NEI scientists publish protocol for making patient-derived eye tissue
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<span>NEI scientists publish protocol for making patient-derived eye tissue</span>
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September 28, 2022
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<a href="/about/news-and-events/news?topic=246" hreflang="en">Age-Related Macular Degeneration</a>
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<a href="/about/news-and-events/news?initiatives=170" hreflang="en">Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Research Unit</a>
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<p>The protocol gives step-by-step instructions, starting with patient-derived pluripotent stem cells, transitioning them to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and finally maturing them into RPE tissue. The RPE supports the retina’s light-sensing photoreceptors. The same protocol is being used to generate RPE for an ongoing <a href="https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/age-related-macular-degeneration/clinical-trial-highlight-stem-cell-transplants-dry-amd">clinical trial</a> at NIH’s Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland, for patients with dry <a href="https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/age-related-macular-degeneration">age-related macular degeneration</a> (AMD).</p>
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<p>Ruchi Sharma, Ph.D., NEI Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Unit, summarizes the RPE protocol.</p>
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<p>“The protocol begins with induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. These are cells modified from patient blood cells that can be turned into nearly any other cell type, including RPE.,” said Ruchi Sharma, Ph.D., staff scientist, NEI Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Unit, and first author of a report on the protocol. "Included are quality control assays for all crucial steps.”</p><p>The RPE is crucial to maintaining the health and function of the retina. In dry AMD, RPE function becomes compromised, causing photoreceptor degeneration. AMD is one of the most common causes of vision loss in the U.S. But while researchers have discovered a variety of genetic and lifestyle risk factors, no treatment exists for dry AMD.</p>
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<p>The retinal pigment epithelium supports the health and function of the retina's light-sensing photoreceptors. Credit: National Eye Institute</p>
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<p>“Sharing our RPE protocol helps the research community develop human-based research models to study the pathophysiology of AMD and other degenerative retinal diseases,” said Kapil Bharti, Ph.D., who directs the NEI Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Unit and is senior author of the protocol.</p><p>To stimulate and facilitate AMD research, the NEI launched the <a href="https://www.nei.nih.gov/about/goals-and-accomplishments/nei-research-initiatives/regenerative-medicine/amd-integrative-biology-initiative">AMD Integrative Biology Initiative</a>, which gives researchers access to patient data and patient-derived cell lines from the NEI-funded <a href="https://www.nei.nih.gov/research/clinical-trials/age-related-eye-disease-studies-aredsareds2">Age-related Eye Disease Study 2</a> (AREDS2)—a major clinical study of AMD. In partnership with the New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF), NEI has developed more than 60 induced-pluripotent stem cell lines from AREDS2 participants. Cell lines are available through the NYSCF. Corresponding patient data, including genetics and retinal imaging results, are available to researchers through the <a href="https://eyepsc.nei.nih.gov/">NEI Data Commons</a>.</p><p>Reference:</p><p>Sharma R, Bose D, Montford J, Ortolan D, Bharti K. Triphasic developmentally guided protocol to generate retinal pigment epithelium from induced pluripotent stem cells. <em>STAR Protoc</em>. Sep 16 2022;3(3):101582. doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101582</p><p>This press release describes a basic research finding. Basic research increases our understanding of human behavior and biology, which is foundational to advancing new and better ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease. Science is an unpredictable and incremental process— each research advance builds on past discoveries, often in unexpected ways. Most clinical advances would not be possible without the knowledge of fundamental basic research. To learn more about basic research, visit <a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/basic-research-digital-media-kit">https://www.nih.gov/news-events/basic-research-digital-media-kit</a>.</p><p>NEI leads the federal government’s efforts to eliminate vision loss and improve quality of life through vision research…driving innovation, fostering collaboration, expanding the vision workforce, and educating the public and key stakeholders. NEI supports basic and clinical science programs to develop sight-saving treatments and to broaden opportunities for people with vision impairment. For more information, visit <a href="https://www.nei.nih.gov">https://www.nei.nih.gov</a>.</p><p>About the National Institutes of Health (NIH): NIH, the nation’s medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit https://www.nih.gov/.</p><p>NIH…Turning Discovery Into Health®</p>
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