nih-gov/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/617035

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Entry
- #617035 - PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS 2; PDA2
- OMIM
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<span class="h4">#617035</span>
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<a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a>
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<a href="#phenotypeMap"><strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong></a>
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<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/617035"><strong>Clinical Synopsis</strong></a>
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<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS607411"> <strong>Phenotypic Series</strong> </a>
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<a href="#text"><strong>Text</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
<a href="#description">Description</a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
<a href="#clinicalFeatures">Clinical Features</a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
<a href="#molecularGenetics">Molecular Genetics</a>
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<li role="presentation">
<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
</li>
<li role="presentation">
<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
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617035
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PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS 2; PDA2
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Gene/Locus
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Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
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<a href="/geneMap/6/578?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=578">
6p12.3
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Patent ductus arteriosus 2
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/617035"> 617035 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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TFAP2B
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<a href="/entry/601601"> 601601 </a>
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<strong> INHERITANCE </strong>
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- Autosomal dominant <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/263681008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">263681008</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/771269000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">771269000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0443147&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0443147</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1867440&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1867440</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000006</a>]</span><br />
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<strong> CARDIOVASCULAR </strong>
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- Patent ductus arteriosus <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/83330001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">83330001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/Q25.0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">Q25.0</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/747.0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">747.0</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0013274&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0013274</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001643" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001643</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001643" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001643</a>]</span><br />
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<strong> MOLECULAR BASIS </strong>
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- Caused by mutation in the transcription factor AP2-beta gene (TFAP2B, <a href="/entry/601601#0007">601601.0007</a>)<br />
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<h5>
Patent ductus arteriosus
- <a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS607411">PS607411</a>
- 3 Entries
</h5>
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<strong>Phenotype<br />MIM number</strong>
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<strong>Gene/Locus</strong>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/5/401?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=401"> 5q23.2 </a>
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<a href="/entry/617039"> Patent ductus arteriosus 3 </a>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<a href="/entry/617039"> 617039 </a>
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<a href="/entry/616982"> PRDM6 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/616982"> 616982 </a>
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<a href="/geneMap/6/578?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=578"> 6p12.3 </a>
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<a href="/entry/617035"> Patent ductus arteriosus 2 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
</span>
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<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/617035"> 617035 </a>
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<a href="/entry/601601"> TFAP2B </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/601601"> 601601 </a>
</span>
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<td>
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<a href="/geneMap/12/774?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=774"> 12q24 </a>
</span>
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<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/607411"> {Patent ductus arteriosus, susceptibility to} </a>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/607411"> 607411 </a>
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<a href="/entry/607411"> PDA1 </a>
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<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/607411"> 607411 </a>
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that patent ductus arteriosus-2 (PDA2) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the TFAP2B gene (<a href="/entry/601601">601601</a>) on chromosome 6p12.</p><p>Mutation in TFAP2B also causes Char syndrome (CHAR; <a href="/entry/169100">169100</a>), in which affected individuals exhibit facial dysmorphism and hand abnormalities in addition to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).</p>
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<p>The ductus arteriosus is a muscular artery connecting the pulmonary artery and the aorta during fetal life, shunting blood away from the lungs. It normally occludes shortly after birth. Failure of ductal closure results in PDA, one of the most common congenital heart defects, affecting 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 5,000 full-term infants and constituting 5% to 7% of all congenital heart defects (summary by <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Mani, A., Radhakrishnan, J., Farhi, A., Carew, K. S., Warnes, C. A., Nelson-Williams, C., Day, R. W., Pober, B., State, M. W., Lifton, R. P. &lt;strong&gt;Syndromic patent ductus arteriosus : evidence for haploinsufficient TFAP2B mutations and identification of a linked sleep disorder.&lt;/strong&gt; Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 102: 2975-2979, 2005.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15684060/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;15684060&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=15684060[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409852102&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="15684060">Mani et al., 2005</a>). PDA can be an isolated anomaly or occur in association with other congenital anomalies (summary by <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Khetyar, M., Syrris, P., Tinworth, L., Abushaban, L., Carter, N. &lt;strong&gt;Novel TFAP2B mutation in nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus.&lt;/strong&gt; Genet. Test. 12: 457-460, 2008.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18752453/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;18752453&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1089/gte.2008.0015&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="18752453">Khetyar et al., 2008</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=18752453+15684060" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of isolated PDA, see PDA1 (<a href="/entry/607411">607411</a>).</p>
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<p><a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Khetyar, M., Syrris, P., Tinworth, L., Abushaban, L., Carter, N. &lt;strong&gt;Novel TFAP2B mutation in nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus.&lt;/strong&gt; Genet. Test. 12: 457-460, 2008.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18752453/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;18752453&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1089/gte.2008.0015&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="18752453">Khetyar et al. (2008)</a> studied a consanguineous Kuwaiti family segregating autosomal dominant PDA, with 6 affected family members over 2 generations. Clinical history and physical examination confirmed that no affected individuals exhibited the characteristic craniofacial or fifth finger anomalies of Char syndrome. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=18752453" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Chen, Y.-W., Zhao, W., Zhang, Z.-F., Fu, Q., Shen, J., Zhang, Z., Ji, W., Wang, J., Li, F. &lt;strong&gt;Familial nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus caused by mutations in TFAP2B.&lt;/strong&gt; Pediat. Cardiol. 32: 958-965, 2011.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21643846/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;21643846&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-011-0024-7&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="21643846">Chen et al. (2011)</a> reported 2 Chinese families segregating autosomal dominant isolated PDA. The first family consisted of 2 affected sisters with 3 affected offspring, and the second involved an affected mother and daughter. None of the patients exhibited features of Char syndrome. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=21643846" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
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<p>In 6 affected members of a consanguineous Kuwaiti family segregating autosomal dominant PDA, <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Khetyar, M., Syrris, P., Tinworth, L., Abushaban, L., Carter, N. &lt;strong&gt;Novel TFAP2B mutation in nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus.&lt;/strong&gt; Genet. Test. 12: 457-460, 2008.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18752453/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;18752453&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1089/gte.2008.0015&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="18752453">Khetyar et al. (2008)</a> sequenced the TFAP2B gene and identified heterozygosity for a splice site mutation (<a href="/entry/601601#0008">601601.0008</a>) that was not found in 6 unaffected family members. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=18752453" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In 5 affected members of a Chinese family with isolated PDA, <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Chen, Y.-W., Zhao, W., Zhang, Z.-F., Fu, Q., Shen, J., Zhang, Z., Ji, W., Wang, J., Li, F. &lt;strong&gt;Familial nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus caused by mutations in TFAP2B.&lt;/strong&gt; Pediat. Cardiol. 32: 958-965, 2011.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21643846/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;21643846&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-011-0024-7&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="21643846">Chen et al. (2011)</a> identified heterozygosity for a splice site mutation (<a href="/entry/601601#0007">601601.0007</a>) in the TFAP2B gene. The authors noted that the same splice site mutation had previously been reported in a large family with Char syndrome (<a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Mani, A., Radhakrishnan, J., Farhi, A., Carew, K. S., Warnes, C. A., Nelson-Williams, C., Day, R. W., Pober, B., State, M. W., Lifton, R. P. &lt;strong&gt;Syndromic patent ductus arteriosus : evidence for haploinsufficient TFAP2B mutations and identification of a linked sleep disorder.&lt;/strong&gt; Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 102: 2975-2979, 2005.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15684060/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;15684060&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=15684060[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409852102&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="15684060">Mani et al., 2005</a>), and stated that the reasons for differences in expression patterns remained unclear. In a mother and daughter from an unrelated Chinese family, <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Chen, Y.-W., Zhao, W., Zhang, Z.-F., Fu, Q., Shen, J., Zhang, Z., Ji, W., Wang, J., Li, F. &lt;strong&gt;Familial nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus caused by mutations in TFAP2B.&lt;/strong&gt; Pediat. Cardiol. 32: 958-965, 2011.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21643846/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;21643846&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-011-0024-7&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="21643846">Chen et al. (2011)</a> identified heterozygosity for a 4-bp deletion in TFAP2B (<a href="/entry/601601#0009">601601.0009</a>). Both mutations segregated fully with disease in the respective families, and neither was found in 100 ethnically matched controls. <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Chen, Y.-W., Zhao, W., Zhang, Z.-F., Fu, Q., Shen, J., Zhang, Z., Ji, W., Wang, J., Li, F. &lt;strong&gt;Familial nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus caused by mutations in TFAP2B.&lt;/strong&gt; Pediat. Cardiol. 32: 958-965, 2011.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21643846/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;21643846&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-011-0024-7&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="21643846">Chen et al. (2011)</a> also analyzed the TFAP2B gene in 100 unrelated Chinese children with isolated PDA and 100 healthy unrelated Chinese children (controls) and identified a novel SNP 34 bp upstream of the TFAP2B transcription initiation site (c.1-34G-A). The A allele was found significantly more frequently among affected individuals than among controls (p = 0.012). The AA genotype was found in 8 affected individuals and in no controls. The authors suggested that this variant should be considered as a potential risk factor for PDA. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=21643846+15684060" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
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<a id="1" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Chen2011" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
Chen, Y.-W., Zhao, W., Zhang, Z.-F., Fu, Q., Shen, J., Zhang, Z., Ji, W., Wang, J., Li, F.
<strong>Familial nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus caused by mutations in TFAP2B.</strong>
Pediat. Cardiol. 32: 958-965, 2011.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21643846/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">21643846</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=21643846" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-011-0024-7" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="2" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Khetyar2008" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
Khetyar, M., Syrris, P., Tinworth, L., Abushaban, L., Carter, N.
<strong>Novel TFAP2B mutation in nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus.</strong>
Genet. Test. 12: 457-460, 2008.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18752453/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">18752453</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=18752453" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1089/gte.2008.0015" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Mani2005" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
Mani, A., Radhakrishnan, J., Farhi, A., Carew, K. S., Warnes, C. A., Nelson-Williams, C., Day, R. W., Pober, B., State, M. W., Lifton, R. P.
<strong>Syndromic patent ductus arteriosus : evidence for haploinsufficient TFAP2B mutations and identification of a linked sleep disorder.</strong>
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 102: 2975-2979, 2005.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15684060/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">15684060</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=15684060[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=15684060" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409852102" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Creation Date:
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Marla J. F. O&#x27;Neill : 7/14/2016
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alopez : 07/14/2016
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<strong>#</strong> 617035
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PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS 2; PDA2
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<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 466729; &nbsp;
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<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
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Location
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Phenotype
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Phenotype <br /> MIM number
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Inheritance
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Phenotype <br /> mapping key
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Gene/Locus
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Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
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<span class="mim-font">
6p12.3
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Patent ductus arteriosus 2
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617035
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Autosomal dominant
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3
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TFAP2B
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601601
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that patent ductus arteriosus-2 (PDA2) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the TFAP2B gene (601601) on chromosome 6p12.</p><p>Mutation in TFAP2B also causes Char syndrome (CHAR; 169100), in which affected individuals exhibit facial dysmorphism and hand abnormalities in addition to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).</p>
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<strong>Description</strong>
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<p>The ductus arteriosus is a muscular artery connecting the pulmonary artery and the aorta during fetal life, shunting blood away from the lungs. It normally occludes shortly after birth. Failure of ductal closure results in PDA, one of the most common congenital heart defects, affecting 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 5,000 full-term infants and constituting 5% to 7% of all congenital heart defects (summary by Mani et al., 2005). PDA can be an isolated anomaly or occur in association with other congenital anomalies (summary by Khetyar et al., 2008). </p><p>For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of isolated PDA, see PDA1 (607411).</p>
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<strong>Clinical Features</strong>
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<p>Khetyar et al. (2008) studied a consanguineous Kuwaiti family segregating autosomal dominant PDA, with 6 affected family members over 2 generations. Clinical history and physical examination confirmed that no affected individuals exhibited the characteristic craniofacial or fifth finger anomalies of Char syndrome. </p><p>Chen et al. (2011) reported 2 Chinese families segregating autosomal dominant isolated PDA. The first family consisted of 2 affected sisters with 3 affected offspring, and the second involved an affected mother and daughter. None of the patients exhibited features of Char syndrome. </p>
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<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
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<p>In 6 affected members of a consanguineous Kuwaiti family segregating autosomal dominant PDA, Khetyar et al. (2008) sequenced the TFAP2B gene and identified heterozygosity for a splice site mutation (601601.0008) that was not found in 6 unaffected family members. </p><p>In 5 affected members of a Chinese family with isolated PDA, Chen et al. (2011) identified heterozygosity for a splice site mutation (601601.0007) in the TFAP2B gene. The authors noted that the same splice site mutation had previously been reported in a large family with Char syndrome (Mani et al., 2005), and stated that the reasons for differences in expression patterns remained unclear. In a mother and daughter from an unrelated Chinese family, Chen et al. (2011) identified heterozygosity for a 4-bp deletion in TFAP2B (601601.0009). Both mutations segregated fully with disease in the respective families, and neither was found in 100 ethnically matched controls. Chen et al. (2011) also analyzed the TFAP2B gene in 100 unrelated Chinese children with isolated PDA and 100 healthy unrelated Chinese children (controls) and identified a novel SNP 34 bp upstream of the TFAP2B transcription initiation site (c.1-34G-A). The A allele was found significantly more frequently among affected individuals than among controls (p = 0.012). The AA genotype was found in 8 affected individuals and in no controls. The authors suggested that this variant should be considered as a potential risk factor for PDA. </p>
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<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<p />
</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Chen, Y.-W., Zhao, W., Zhang, Z.-F., Fu, Q., Shen, J., Zhang, Z., Ji, W., Wang, J., Li, F.
<strong>Familial nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus caused by mutations in TFAP2B.</strong>
Pediat. Cardiol. 32: 958-965, 2011.
[PubMed: 21643846]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-011-0024-7]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Khetyar, M., Syrris, P., Tinworth, L., Abushaban, L., Carter, N.
<strong>Novel TFAP2B mutation in nonsyndromic patent ductus arteriosus.</strong>
Genet. Test. 12: 457-460, 2008.
[PubMed: 18752453]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1089/gte.2008.0015]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Mani, A., Radhakrishnan, J., Farhi, A., Carew, K. S., Warnes, C. A., Nelson-Williams, C., Day, R. W., Pober, B., State, M. W., Lifton, R. P.
<strong>Syndromic patent ductus arteriosus : evidence for haploinsufficient TFAP2B mutations and identification of a linked sleep disorder.</strong>
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 102: 2975-2979, 2005.
[PubMed: 15684060]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409852102]
</p>
</li>
</ol>
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</div>
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Creation Date:
</span>
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
Marla J. F. O&#x27;Neill : 7/14/2016
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alopez : 07/14/2016
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