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Entry
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- #615636 - JOUBERT SYNDROME 21; JBTS21
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- OMIM
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<p>
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<span class="h4">#615636</span>
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<br />
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<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
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<a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a>
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<a href="#phenotypeMap"><strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/615636"><strong>Clinical Synopsis</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS213300"> <strong>Phenotypic Series</strong> </a>
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<a href="#text"><strong>Text</strong></a>
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<a href="#description">Description</a>
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<a href="#clinicalFeatures">Clinical Features</a>
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<a href="#inheritance">Inheritance</a>
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<a href="#molecularGenetics">Molecular Genetics</a>
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<a href="#animalModel">Animal Model</a>
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<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#editHistory"><strong>Edit History</strong></a>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">External Links</div>
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</h4>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Clinical Resources</div>
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<div><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=JOUBERT SYNDROME" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A registry of federally and privately supported clinical trials conducted in the United States and around the world." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Clinical Trials', 'domain': 'clinicaltrials.gov'})">Clinical Trials</a></div>
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<div><a href="#mimEuroGentestFold" id="mimEuroGentestToggle" data-toggle="collapse" class="mim-tip-hint mimTriangleToggle" title="A list of European laboratories that offer genetic testing."><span id="mimEuroGentestToggleTriangle" class="small" style="margin-left: -0.8em;">►</span>EuroGentest</div>
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<div id="mimEuroGentestFold" class="collapse">
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<div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/ClinicalLabs_Search_Simple.php?lng=EN&LnkId=22695&Typ=Pat" title="Joubert syndrome with Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'EuroGentest', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Joubert syndrome with Jeun… </a></div><div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/ClinicalLabs_Search_Simple.php?lng=EN&LnkId=1022&Typ=Pat" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'EuroGentest', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Joubert syndrome </a></div>
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</div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1325/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Expert-authored, peer-reviewed descriptions of inherited disorders including the uses of genetic testing in diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Gene Reviews', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">Gene Reviews</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/all/tests/?term=615636[mim]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genetic Testing Registry." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GTR', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">GTR</a></div>
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<div><a href="#mimOrphanetFold" id="mimOrphanetToggle" data-toggle="collapse" class="mim-tip-hint mimTriangleToggle" title="European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs."><span id="mimOrphanetToggleTriangle" class="small" style="margin-left: -0.8em;">►</span>Orphanet</div>
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<div id="mimOrphanetFold" class="collapse">
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<div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=397715" title="Joubert syndrome with Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrphaNet', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Joubert syndrome with Jeun…</a></div><div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=475" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrphaNet', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Joubert syndrome</a></div>
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</div>
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Animal Models</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</span>
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<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.alliancegenome.org/disease/DOID:0110990" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Search Across Species; explore model organism and human comparative genomics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Alliance Genome', 'domain': 'alliancegenome.org'})">Alliance Genome</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/disease/615636" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotypes, alleles, and disease models from Mouse Genome Informatics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MGI Mouse Phenotype', 'domain': 'informatics.jax.org'})">MGI Mouse Phenotype</a></div>
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<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>Looking for this gene or this phenotype in other resources?</strong>" qtip_text="Select a related resource from the dropdown menu and click for a targeted link to information directly relevant.">
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<a id="title" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="number" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="text-right">
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<a href="#" class="mim-tip-icd" qtip_title="<strong>ICD+</strong>" qtip_text="
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<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 397715, 475<br />
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<strong>DO:</strong> 0110990<br />
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">ICD+</a>
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<span class="h3">
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<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotype description, molecular basis known">
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<span class="text-danger"><strong>#</strong></span>
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615636
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</span>
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<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h3>
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<span class="mim-font">
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JOUBERT SYNDROME 21; JBTS21
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</h3>
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<div>
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<br />
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<a id="phenotypeMap" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<div>
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<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover small mim-table-padding">
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<thead>
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<tr class="active">
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<th>
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Location
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> MIM number
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</th>
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<th>
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Inheritance
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> mapping key
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</th>
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<th>
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Gene/Locus
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<th>
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Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
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<tbody>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/8/324?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=324">
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8q13.1-q13.2
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</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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Joubert syndrome 21
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/615636"> 615636 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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CSPP1
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/611654"> 611654 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<div class="btn-group ">
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<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/615636" class="btn btn-warning" role="button"> Clinical Synopsis </a>
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<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'ClinicalSynopsis', 'omim.org')">
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<span class="caret"></span>
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<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
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</button>
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</div>
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<div class="btn-group">
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<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS213300" class="btn btn-info" role="button"> Phenotypic Series </a>
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<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'PhenotypicSeries', 'omim.org')">
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<span class="caret"></span>
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<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
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</button>
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</div>
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<div class="btn-group">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
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PheneGene Graphics <span class="caret"></span>
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</button>
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<ul class="dropdown-menu" style="width: 17em;">
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<li><a href="/graph/linear/615636" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Linear'})"> Linear </a></li>
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<li><a href="/graph/radial/615636" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Radial'})"> Radial </a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign mim-tip-hint" title="OMIM PheneGene graphics depict relationships between phenotypes, groups of related phenotypes (Phenotypic Series), and genes.<br /><a href='/static/omim/pdf/OMIM_Graphics.pdf' target='_blank'>A quick reference overview and guide (PDF)</a>"></span>
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<div>
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<p />
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</div>
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<div id="mimClinicalSynopsisFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
|
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<div class="small" style="margin: 5px">
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<div>
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<div>
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<span class="h5 mim-font">
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<strong> INHERITANCE </strong>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
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<div>
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<span class="mim-font">
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- Autosomal recessive <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/258211005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">258211005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0441748&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0441748</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000007</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000007</a>]</span><br />
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
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<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
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<strong> HEAD & NECK </strong>
|
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</span>
|
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</div>
|
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<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
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<div>
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<div>
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<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
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<em> Ears </em>
|
|
</span>
|
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</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Sensorineural hearing loss (2 patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/60700002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">60700002</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H90.5" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H90.5</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/389.10" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">389.10</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/389.1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">389.1</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0018784&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0018784</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000407" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000407</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000407" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000407</a>]</span><br />
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</span>
|
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</div>
|
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</div>
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<div>
|
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<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Eyes </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Oculomotor apraxia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/193662007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">193662007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/405810005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">405810005</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/405809000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">405809000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H16.32" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H16.32</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0543874&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0543874</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0271270&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0271270</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3489733&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3489733</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000657" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000657</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000657" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000657</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Strabismus <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/22066006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">22066006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H50.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H50.9</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H50.40" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H50.40</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0038379&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0038379</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C2020541&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C2020541</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1423541&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1423541</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000486" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000486</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000486" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000486</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Ptosis <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/11934000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">11934000</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/29696001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">29696001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H02.409" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H02.409</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H02.40" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H02.40</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H02.4" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H02.4</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/374.3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">374.3</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/374.30" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">374.30</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0005745&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0005745</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0033377&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0033377</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000508" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000508</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000508" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000508</a>]</span> <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=76abf29563d4adc64d21da86221224b1" target="_blank" class="small mim-tip-eom" title="<img src="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/images/terms/Ptosis-small.jpg"> <br/>Further Information: <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=76abf29563d4adc64d21da86221224b1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'EOM\', \'domain\': \'elementsofmorphology.nih.gov\'})">Elements of Morphology</a>"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user" aria-hidden="true"></span></a><br /> -
|
|
Fused eyes (1 family) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3810221&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3810221</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Anophthalmia (1 family) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/7183006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">7183006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/Q11.1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">Q11.1</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/743.00" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">743.00</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/743.0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">743.0</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0003119&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0003119</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000528" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000528</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000528" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000528</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Retinopathy (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/29555009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">29555009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H35.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H35.9</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/362.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">362.9</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0035309&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0035309</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000479" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000479</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000488" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000488</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000488" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000488</a>]</span><br />
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|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
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|
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|
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<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Nose </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Single nostril (1 family) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/95266003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">95266003</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0685682&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0685682</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0009932" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0009932</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0009932" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0009932</a>]</span><br />
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|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> RESPIRATORY </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Abnormal breathing pattern <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3806247&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3806247</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Dyspnea <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/267036007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">267036007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/230145002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">230145002</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R06.02" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R06.02</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R06.0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R06.0</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R06.00" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R06.00</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/786.05" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">786.05</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0013404&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0013404</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C2024878&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C2024878</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002094" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002094</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002094" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002094</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Apnea <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/248583008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">248583008</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/1023001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">1023001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R06.81" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R06.81</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/786.03" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">786.03</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0003578&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0003578</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002104" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002104</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002104" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002104</a>]</span><br />
|
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</span>
|
|
</div>
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<div>
|
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<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Lung </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Pulmonary hypoplasia (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/80825009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">80825009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0265783&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0265783</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002089" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002089</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002089" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002089</a>]</span><br />
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
|
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<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> CHEST </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
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|
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<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> External Features </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Bell-shaped chest (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1865186&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1865186</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001591" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001591</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001591" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001591</a>]</span><br />
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</span>
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</div>
|
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</div>
|
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<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Ribs Sternum Clavicles & Scapulae </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Short, horizontal ribs (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1859651&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1859651</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/359530003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">359530003</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/367450005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">367450005</a>]</span><br />
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</span>
|
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</div>
|
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
|
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<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> ABDOMEN </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Liver </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Liver fibrosis (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/62484002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">62484002</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/K74.00" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">K74.00</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/K74.0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">K74.0</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0239946&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0239946</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001395" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001395</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001395" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001395</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> GENITOURINARY </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Kidneys </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Hyperechogenic kidneys (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3275899&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3275899</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0004719" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0004719</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0004719" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0004719</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Cystic kidneys (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0022679&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0022679</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000107" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000107</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000107" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000107</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> NEUROLOGIC </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Central Nervous System </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Delayed psychomotor development <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/224958001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">224958001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/F88" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">F88</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0557874&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0557874</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001263" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001263</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001263" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001263</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Mental retardation <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/228156007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">228156007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/110359009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">110359009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/317-319.99" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">317-319.99</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3714756&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3714756</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0025362&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0025362</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001249" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001249</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001249" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001249</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Hypotonia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/398151007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">398151007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/398152000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">398152000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0026827&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0026827</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1858120&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1858120</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001290" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001290</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001252</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001252</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Cerebellar ataxia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/85102008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">85102008</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0007758&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0007758</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001251" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001251</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001251" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001251</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Posterior fossa malformations <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1850349&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1850349</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Hypoplasia of the inferior cerebellar vermis <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1855350&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1855350</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0007068" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0007068</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Dysplastic superior cerebellar vermis <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3810213&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3810213</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Elongated superior cerebellar peduncles <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3810214&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3810214</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0011933" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0011933</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0011933" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0011933</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Posterior fossa cyst <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1857353&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1857353</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0007291" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0007291</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0007291" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0007291</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Occipital encephalocele (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/42376006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">42376006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/Q01.2" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">Q01.2</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0014067&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0014067</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002085" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002085</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002085" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002085</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Molar tooth sign on brain imaging <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1865060&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1865060</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002419" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002419</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002419" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002419</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Hypoplasia of the brainstem <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1842688&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1842688</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002365" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002365</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002365" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002365</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Thin corpus callosum <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C5441562&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C5441562</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0033725" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0033725</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0033725" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0033725</a>]</span><br />
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
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<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> MISCELLANEOUS </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
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</div>
|
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<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
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|
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<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
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|
|
- Prenatal onset <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C2673646&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C2673646</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0030674" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0030674</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0030674" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0030674</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Variable features<br /> -
|
|
Variable severity <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1861403&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1861403</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003828" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003828</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003828" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003828</a>]</span><br /> -
|
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May result in early death<br />
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
|
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<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> MOLECULAR BASIS </strong>
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</span>
|
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</div>
|
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<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
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|
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<div>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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|
|
- Caused by mutation in the centrosome spindle pole-associated protein 1 gene (CSPP1, <a href="/entry/611654#0001">611654.0001</a>)<br />
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="text-right">
|
|
<a href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" data-toggle="collapse">▲ Close</a>
|
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</div>
|
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</div>
|
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</div>
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<div id="mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
|
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<div class="small">
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<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12">
|
|
<h5>
|
|
Joubert syndrome
|
|
- <a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS213300">PS213300</a>
|
|
- 43 Entries
|
|
</h5>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
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|
|
<div class="row" style="margin-left: 0.125em; margin-right: 0.125em;">
|
|
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover mim-table-padding">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Location</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-5 col-md-5 col-sm-5 col-xs-6 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Inheritance</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype<br />mapping key</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype<br />MIM number</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Gene/Locus</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Gene/Locus<br />MIM number</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/1/84?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=84"> 1p36.32 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616781"> Joubert syndrome 25 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616781"> 616781 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616690"> CEP104 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616690"> 616690 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/2/555?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=555"> 2q13 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/609583"> Joubert syndrome 4 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/609583"> 609583 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607100"> NPHP1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607100"> 607100 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/2/919?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=919"> 2q33.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614424"> Joubert syndrome 14 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614424"> 614424 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614423"> TMEM237 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614423"> 614423 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/2/1097?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=1097"> 2q37.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617622"> Joubert syndrome 30 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617622"> 617622 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617612"> ARMC9 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617612"> 617612 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/2/1104?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=1104"> 2q37.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615665"> Joubert syndrome 22 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615665"> 615665 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/602676"> PDE6D </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/602676"> 602676 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/3/482?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=482"> 3q11.1-q11.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612291"> Joubert syndrome 8 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612291"> 612291 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608922"> ARL13B </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608922"> 608922 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/4/106?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=106"> 4p15.32 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612285"> Joubert syndrome 9 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612285"> 612285 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612013"> CC2D2A </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612013"> 612013 </a>
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</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
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|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/5/116?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=116"> 5p13.2 </a>
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|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614615"> Joubert syndrome 17 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614615"> 614615 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614571"> CPLANE1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614571"> 614571 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/5/402?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=402"> 5q23.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617761"> Joubert syndrome 31 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617761"> 617761 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613446"> CEP120 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613446"> 613446 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/6/884?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=884"> 6q23.3 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608629"> Joubert syndrome 3 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608629"> 608629 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608894"> AHI1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608894"> 608894 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/7/680?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=680"> 7q32.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614464"> Joubert syndrome 15 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614464"> 614464 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610523"> CEP41 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610523"> 610523 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/8/324?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=324"> 8q13.1-q13.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615636"> Joubert syndrome 21 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615636"> 615636 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/611654"> CSPP1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/611654"> 611654 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/8/405?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=405"> 8q22.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610688"> Joubert syndrome 6 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610688"> 610688 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/609884"> TMEM67 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/609884"> 609884 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/9/111?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=111"> 9p21.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/619582"> Joubert syndrome 40 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/619582"> 619582 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608040"> IFT74 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608040"> 608040 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/9/654?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=654"> 9q34.3 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/213300"> Joubert syndrome 1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/213300"> 213300 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613037"> INPP5E </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613037"> 613037 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/297?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=297"> 10q22.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/618763"> Joubert syndrome 36 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/618763"> 618763 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/618413"> FAM149B1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/618413"> 618413 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/428?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=428"> 10q24.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614815"> Joubert syndrome 18 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614815"> 614815 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613847"> TCTN3 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613847"> 613847 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/521?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=521"> 10q24.32 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617757"> Joubert syndrome 32 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617757"> 617757 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607035"> SUFU </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607035"> 607035 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/523?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=523"> 10q24.32 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/618161"> Joubert syndrome 35 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/618161"> 618161 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/604695"> ARL3 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/604695"> 604695 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/11/454?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=454"> 11q12.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614465"> Joubert syndrome 16 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614465"> 614465 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614459"> TMEM138 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614459"> 614459 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/11/455?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=455"> 11q12.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608091"> Joubert syndrome 2 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608091"> 608091 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613277"> TMEM216 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613277"> 613277 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/11/1061?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=1061"> 11q24.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/619562"> Joubert syndrome 39 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/619562"> 619562 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/619285"> TMEM218 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/619285"> 619285 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/12/664?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=664"> 12q21.32 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610188"> Joubert syndrome 5 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610188"> 610188 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610142"> CEP290 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610142"> 610142 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/12/805?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=805"> 12q24.11 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614173"> Joubert syndrome 13 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614173"> 614173 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/609863"> TCTN1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/609863"> 609863 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/12/934?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=934"> 12q24.31 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616654"> Joubert syndrome 24 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616654"> 616654 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613846"> TCTN2 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613846"> 613846 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/13/218?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=218"> 13q21.33-q22.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617767"> Joubert syndrome 33 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617767"> 617767 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607532"> PIBF1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607532"> 607532 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/14/197?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=197"> 14q21.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/619185"> Joubert syndrome 37 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/619185"> 619185 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617618"> TOGARAM1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/617618"> 617618 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/14/276?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=276"> 14q23.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616490"> Joubert syndrome 23 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616490"> 616490 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610178"> KIAA0586 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/610178"> 610178 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/15/503?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=503"> 15q26.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/200990"> Acrocallosal syndrome </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/200990"> 200990 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/611254"> KIF7 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/611254"> 611254 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/15/503?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=503"> 15q26.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/200990"> Joubert syndrome 12 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/200990"> 200990 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/611254"> KIF7 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/611254"> 611254 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/16/297?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=297"> 16p12.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616784"> Joubert syndrome 26 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616784"> 616784 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616650"> KATNIP </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616650"> 616650 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/16/421?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=421"> 16q12.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614844"> Joubert syndrome 19 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614844"> 614844 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/604557"> ZNF423 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/604557"> 604557 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/16/421?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=421"> 16q12.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614844"> Nephronophthisis 14 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<a href="/entry/614844"> 614844 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/604557"> ZNF423 </a>
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<a href="/entry/604557"> 604557 </a>
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<a href="/geneMap/16/436?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=436"> 16q12.2 </a>
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<a href="/entry/611560"> Joubert syndrome 7 </a>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<a href="/entry/611560"> 611560 </a>
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<a href="/entry/610937"> RPGRIP1L </a>
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<a href="/entry/610937"> 610937 </a>
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<a href="/geneMap/16/652?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=652"> 16q23.1 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614970"> Joubert syndrome 20 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614970"> 614970 </a>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614949"> TMEM231 </a>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614949"> 614949 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/17/121?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=121"> 17p13.1 </a>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/619476"> ?Joubert syndrome 38 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/619476"> 619476 </a>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617112"> KIAA0753 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617112"> 617112 </a>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/17/198?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=198"> 17p13.1 </a>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617562"> ?Joubert syndrome 29 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617562"> 617562 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/616183"> TMEM107 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/616183"> 616183 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/17/198?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=198"> 17p13.1 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617562"> Meckel syndrome 13 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617562"> 617562 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/616183"> TMEM107 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/616183"> 616183 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/17/294?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=294"> 17p11.2 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617120"> Joubert syndrome 27 </a>
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617120"> 617120 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614144"> B9D1 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614144"> 614144 </a>
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</span>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/17/781?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=781"> 17q22 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617121"> Joubert syndrome 28 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/617121"> 617121 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/609883"> MKS1 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/609883"> 609883 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/19/727?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=727"> 19q13.2 </a>
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</span>
|
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614175"> Joubert syndrome 34 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614175"> 614175 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/611951"> B9D2 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/611951"> 611951 </a>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/19/727?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=727"> 19q13.2 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614175"> ?Meckel syndrome 10 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614175"> 614175 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/611951"> B9D2 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/611951"> 611951 </a>
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</span>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/X/70?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=70"> Xp22.2 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/300804"> Joubert syndrome 10 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
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</span>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/300804"> 300804 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/300170"> OFD1 </a>
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</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/300170"> 300170 </a>
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</span>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<div class="text-right small">
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<a href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" data-toggle="collapse">▲ Close</a>
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<br />
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<div>
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<a id="text" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4 href="#mimTextFold" id="mimTextToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<span id="mimTextToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<span class="mim-tip-floating" qtip_title="<strong>Looking For More References?</strong>" qtip_text="Click the 'reference plus' icon <span class='glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign'></span> at the end of each OMIM text paragraph to see more references related to the content of the preceding paragraph.">
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because Joubert syndrome-21 (JBTS21) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the CSPP1 gene (<a href="/entry/611654">611654</a>) on chromosome 8q13.</p>
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<div>
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<a id="description" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<span id="mimDescriptionToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Description</strong>
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<p>Joubert syndrome is an autosomal recessive congenital condition characterized by a unique brainstem and cerebellar malformation comprising cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and/or dysplasia, elongated superior cerebellar peduncles, and deepened interpeduncular fossa, which together are recognized as the 'molar tooth sign' on brain MRI. The most common clinical features include delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia, abnormal respiratory patterns in the neonatal period, oculomotor apraxia, and cerebellar ataxia. Additional features may include retinal degeneration, cystic kidney, liver fibrosis, and polydactyly. It is caused by ciliary defects and is part of a spectrum of disorders known as 'ciliopathies' (summary by <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Akizu, N., Silhavy, J. L., Rosti, R. O., Scott, E., Fenstermaker, A. G., Schroth, J., Zaki, M. S., Sanchez, H., Gupta, N., Kabra, M., Kara, M., Ben-Omran, T., and 12 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 lead to classical Joubert syndrome.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 80-86, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360807/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360807</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360807[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360807">Akizu et al., 2014</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360807" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see <a href="/entry/213300">213300</a>.</p>
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<div>
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<br />
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<p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Tuz, K., Bachmann-Gagescu, R., O'Day, D. R., Hua, K., Isabella, C. R., Phelps, I. G., Stolarski, A. E., O'Roak, B. J., Dempsey, J. C., Lourenco, C., Alswaid, A., Bonnemann, C. G., and 15 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 cause primary cilia abnormalities and Joubert syndrome with or without Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 62-72, 2014. Note: Erratum: Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 310 only, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360808/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360808</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360808[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.019" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360808">Tuz et al. (2014)</a> reported 19 individuals with Joubert syndrome-21; detailed clinical information was available for 18 patients from 14 families. All patients had cerebellar vermis hypoplasia with the molar tooth sign on brain MRI. Phenotypic severity ranged from severely affected individuals with profound developmental delay to those with milder developmental disabilities. Most patients had ptosis, and about half had nystagmus or oculomotor apraxia. Rare features included occipital encephalocele (1 patient), echogenic kidneys (1 patient), retinal changes (2 patients), liver dysfunction (2 sibs), and seizures (1 patient). Four patients had features consistent with Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (see SRTD1, <a href="/entry/208500">208500</a>), including short ribs, bell-shaped chest, and pulmonary hypoplasia. All 4 had apnea or tachypnea. Other abnormal brain MRI findings found in some patients included superior cerebellar hypoplasia, enlarged ventricles, a posterior gap in the foramen magnum, heterotopia, and polymicrogyria. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360808" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Shaheen, R., Shamseldin, H. E., Loucks, C. M., Seidahmed, M. Z., Ansari, S., Ibrahim Khalil, M., Al-Yacoub, N., Davis, E. E., Mola, N. A., Szymanska, J., Herridge, W., Chudley, A. E., and 10 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1, encoding a core centrosomal protein, cause a range of ciliopathy phenotypes in humans.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 73-79, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360803/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360803</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360803[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.010" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360803">Shaheen et al. (2014)</a> reported 3 patients from 2 consanguineous Canadian Schmiedeleut Hutterite families with classic clinical and radiologic features of Joubert syndrome, including the molar tooth sign on brain imaging. In 1 family, a 7-year-old girl had global developmental delay, hypotonia, ataxia, and strabismus. Two sibs from the second family had a more severe phenotype resulting in death in infancy. Brain imaging of these patients showed hypoplastic inferior cerebellar vermis, dysplastic superior cerebellar vermis, communication between a posterior fossa cyst and fourth ventricle, thickened horizontal superior cerebellar peduncles, and reduced anteroposterior dimension of the mesencephalon; 1 patient had a Dandy-Walker malformation apparent antenatally. <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Shaheen, R., Shamseldin, H. E., Loucks, C. M., Seidahmed, M. Z., Ansari, S., Ibrahim Khalil, M., Al-Yacoub, N., Davis, E. E., Mola, N. A., Szymanska, J., Herridge, W., Chudley, A. E., and 10 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1, encoding a core centrosomal protein, cause a range of ciliopathy phenotypes in humans.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 73-79, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360803/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360803</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360803[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.010" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360803">Shaheen et al. (2014)</a> also reported 2 fetuses in a consanguineous family of Saudi Arabian origin who were stillborn with severe brain malformations reminiscent of Meckel syndrome (<a href="/entry/249000">249000</a>). Features included hydranencephaly, large fontanels and wide cranial sutures, occipital encephalocele, anophthalmia/partially fused eyes, single nostril, and hyperechogenic kidneys. Another pregnancy in this family ended in a spontaneous first-trimester abortion. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360803" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Akizu, N., Silhavy, J. L., Rosti, R. O., Scott, E., Fenstermaker, A. G., Schroth, J., Zaki, M. S., Sanchez, H., Gupta, N., Kabra, M., Kara, M., Ben-Omran, T., and 12 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 lead to classical Joubert syndrome.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 80-86, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360807/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360807</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360807[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360807">Akizu et al. (2014)</a> reported 6 unrelated patients with classic features of Joubert syndrome. The children had hypotonia, developmental delay, intellectual disability, apneic episodes in the neonatal period, and the molar tooth sign on brain imaging. Half of the affected children also had variable ophthalmologic findings, such as retinopathy, oculomotor apraxia, nystagmus, and ptosis. Three had hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and the brainstem, and 2 had sensorineural hearing loss. Hepatic fibrosis, nephronophthisis, and polydactyly were not present. The patients were of various ethnic origins, including Mexican, Indian, Chinese, Libyan, and Egyptian, and were ascertained from a larger cohort of 287 probands. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360807" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>The transmission pattern of JBTS21 in the families reported by <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Tuz, K., Bachmann-Gagescu, R., O'Day, D. R., Hua, K., Isabella, C. R., Phelps, I. G., Stolarski, A. E., O'Roak, B. J., Dempsey, J. C., Lourenco, C., Alswaid, A., Bonnemann, C. G., and 15 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 cause primary cilia abnormalities and Joubert syndrome with or without Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 62-72, 2014. Note: Erratum: Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 310 only, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360808/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360808</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360808[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.019" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360808">Tuz et al. (2014)</a>, <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Shaheen, R., Shamseldin, H. E., Loucks, C. M., Seidahmed, M. Z., Ansari, S., Ibrahim Khalil, M., Al-Yacoub, N., Davis, E. E., Mola, N. A., Szymanska, J., Herridge, W., Chudley, A. E., and 10 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1, encoding a core centrosomal protein, cause a range of ciliopathy phenotypes in humans.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 73-79, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360803/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360803</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360803[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.010" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360803">Shaheen et al. (2014)</a>, and <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Akizu, N., Silhavy, J. L., Rosti, R. O., Scott, E., Fenstermaker, A. G., Schroth, J., Zaki, M. S., Sanchez, H., Gupta, N., Kabra, M., Kara, M., Ben-Omran, T., and 12 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 lead to classical Joubert syndrome.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 80-86, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360807/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360807</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360807[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360807">Akizu et al. (2014)</a> was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=24360808+24360807+24360803" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>In 19 patients from 15 families with Joubert syndrome, <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Tuz, K., Bachmann-Gagescu, R., O'Day, D. R., Hua, K., Isabella, C. R., Phelps, I. G., Stolarski, A. E., O'Roak, B. J., Dempsey, J. C., Lourenco, C., Alswaid, A., Bonnemann, C. G., and 15 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 cause primary cilia abnormalities and Joubert syndrome with or without Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 62-72, 2014. Note: Erratum: Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 310 only, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360808/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360808</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360808[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.019" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360808">Tuz et al. (2014)</a> identified biallelic truncating mutations in the CSPP1 gene (see, e.g., <a href="/entry/611654#0001">611654.0001</a>-<a href="/entry/611654#0007">611654.0007</a>). When samples were available, Sanger sequencing confirmed that the variants segregated in the families. There were no apparent genotype/phenotype correlations. Fibroblasts from 2 unrelated patients showed absence of CSPP1 immunostaining in the axoneme, although the signal at the base of the cilium remained. Patient cells showed defects in ciliogenesis, with decreased numbers of cilia, decreased ciliary length, and evidence of decreased trafficking of the ciliary proteins ARL13B (<a href="/entry/608922">608922</a>) and ADCY3 (<a href="/entry/600291">600291</a>) to the axoneme compared to controls. Collectively, the results suggested a loss of function. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360808" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In 3 patients from 2 consanguineous Canadian Hutterite families with JBTS21, <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Shaheen, R., Shamseldin, H. E., Loucks, C. M., Seidahmed, M. Z., Ansari, S., Ibrahim Khalil, M., Al-Yacoub, N., Davis, E. E., Mola, N. A., Szymanska, J., Herridge, W., Chudley, A. E., and 10 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1, encoding a core centrosomal protein, cause a range of ciliopathy phenotypes in humans.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 73-79, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360803/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360803</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360803[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.010" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360803">Shaheen et al. (2014)</a> identified a homozygous truncating mutation in the CSPP1 gene (<a href="/entry/611654#0008">611654.0008</a>). Two fetuses from a consanguineous Saudi family with a more severe phenotype reminiscent of Meckel syndrome were found to carry a different homozygous truncating mutation (<a href="/entry/611654#0009">611654.0009</a>). A patient skin sample showed decreased numbers of ciliated fibroblasts, with complete loss of the ciliary localization of RPGRIP1L (<a href="/entry/610937">610937</a>) compared to controls. These cells also showed markedly impaired SHH (<a href="/entry/600725">600725</a>) signaling, indicating that the ciliogenesis defect has downstream consequences. Analysis of the cell cycle showed no difference between patient cells and control cells. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360803" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In 6 unrelated patients with Joubert syndrome, <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Akizu, N., Silhavy, J. L., Rosti, R. O., Scott, E., Fenstermaker, A. G., Schroth, J., Zaki, M. S., Sanchez, H., Gupta, N., Kabra, M., Kara, M., Ben-Omran, T., and 12 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 lead to classical Joubert syndrome.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 80-86, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360807/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360807</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360807[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360807">Akizu et al. (2014)</a> identified biallelic truncating or splice site mutations in the CSPP1 gene (see, e.g., <a href="/entry/611654#0010">611654.0010</a>-<a href="/entry/611654#0011">611654.0011</a>). The mutations, which were found by whole-exome sequencing, segregated with the disorder in the families. The patients were ascertained from a larger cohort of 287 probands with Joubert syndrome who underwent whole-exome sequencing. Fibroblasts from 1 patient showed absence of the CSPP1 protein, but normal cell proliferation. Serum-starved patient cells showed defective ciliogenesis, with decreased levels of ARL13B, although the number of centrosomes was normal. <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Akizu, N., Silhavy, J. L., Rosti, R. O., Scott, E., Fenstermaker, A. G., Schroth, J., Zaki, M. S., Sanchez, H., Gupta, N., Kabra, M., Kara, M., Ben-Omran, T., and 12 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 lead to classical Joubert syndrome.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 80-86, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360807/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360807</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360807[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360807">Akizu et al. (2014)</a> concluded that CSPP1 is involved in neural-specific functions of primary cilia. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360807" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Tuz, K., Bachmann-Gagescu, R., O'Day, D. R., Hua, K., Isabella, C. R., Phelps, I. G., Stolarski, A. E., O'Roak, B. J., Dempsey, J. C., Lourenco, C., Alswaid, A., Bonnemann, C. G., and 15 others. <strong>Mutations in CSPP1 cause primary cilia abnormalities and Joubert syndrome with or without Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 62-72, 2014. Note: Erratum: Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 310 only, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360808/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360808</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360808[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.019" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24360808">Tuz et al. (2014)</a> found that morpholino knockdown of the cspp1a gene in zebrafish embryos resulted in a curved body shape, dilated ventricles, and pronephric cysts, consistent with a ciliopathy. The neurocranium also showed patterning defects. The presence of cilia did not appear to be altered in zebrafish mutants, but there was reduced ciliary localization of arl13b. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360808" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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Akizu, N., Silhavy, J. L., Rosti, R. O., Scott, E., Fenstermaker, A. G., Schroth, J., Zaki, M. S., Sanchez, H., Gupta, N., Kabra, M., Kara, M., Ben-Omran, T., and 12 others.
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<strong>Mutations in CSPP1 lead to classical Joubert syndrome.</strong>
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Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 80-86, 2014.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360807/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360807</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360807[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360807" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.015" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Shaheen, R., Shamseldin, H. E., Loucks, C. M., Seidahmed, M. Z., Ansari, S., Ibrahim Khalil, M., Al-Yacoub, N., Davis, E. E., Mola, N. A., Szymanska, J., Herridge, W., Chudley, A. E., and 10 others.
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<strong>Mutations in CSPP1, encoding a core centrosomal protein, cause a range of ciliopathy phenotypes in humans.</strong>
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Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 73-79, 2014.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360803/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360803</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360803[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360803" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.010" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Tuz, K., Bachmann-Gagescu, R., O'Day, D. R., Hua, K., Isabella, C. R., Phelps, I. G., Stolarski, A. E., O'Roak, B. J., Dempsey, J. C., Lourenco, C., Alswaid, A., Bonnemann, C. G., and 15 others.
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<strong>Mutations in CSPP1 cause primary cilia abnormalities and Joubert syndrome with or without Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</strong>
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Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 62-72, 2014. Note: Erratum: Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 310 only, 2014.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24360808/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24360808</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=24360808[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24360808" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.019" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Cassandra L. Kniffin : 2/10/2014
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carol : 05/24/2017
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alopez : 02/25/2014<br>carol : 2/17/2014<br>mcolton : 2/12/2014<br>ckniffin : 2/11/2014
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JOUBERT SYNDROME 21; JBTS21
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<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 397715, 475;
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<strong>DO:</strong> 0110990;
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Joubert syndrome 21
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CSPP1
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because Joubert syndrome-21 (JBTS21) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the CSPP1 gene (611654) on chromosome 8q13.</p>
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<p>Joubert syndrome is an autosomal recessive congenital condition characterized by a unique brainstem and cerebellar malformation comprising cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and/or dysplasia, elongated superior cerebellar peduncles, and deepened interpeduncular fossa, which together are recognized as the 'molar tooth sign' on brain MRI. The most common clinical features include delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia, abnormal respiratory patterns in the neonatal period, oculomotor apraxia, and cerebellar ataxia. Additional features may include retinal degeneration, cystic kidney, liver fibrosis, and polydactyly. It is caused by ciliary defects and is part of a spectrum of disorders known as 'ciliopathies' (summary by Akizu et al., 2014). </p><p>For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see 213300.</p>
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<p>Tuz et al. (2014) reported 19 individuals with Joubert syndrome-21; detailed clinical information was available for 18 patients from 14 families. All patients had cerebellar vermis hypoplasia with the molar tooth sign on brain MRI. Phenotypic severity ranged from severely affected individuals with profound developmental delay to those with milder developmental disabilities. Most patients had ptosis, and about half had nystagmus or oculomotor apraxia. Rare features included occipital encephalocele (1 patient), echogenic kidneys (1 patient), retinal changes (2 patients), liver dysfunction (2 sibs), and seizures (1 patient). Four patients had features consistent with Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (see SRTD1, 208500), including short ribs, bell-shaped chest, and pulmonary hypoplasia. All 4 had apnea or tachypnea. Other abnormal brain MRI findings found in some patients included superior cerebellar hypoplasia, enlarged ventricles, a posterior gap in the foramen magnum, heterotopia, and polymicrogyria. </p><p>Shaheen et al. (2014) reported 3 patients from 2 consanguineous Canadian Schmiedeleut Hutterite families with classic clinical and radiologic features of Joubert syndrome, including the molar tooth sign on brain imaging. In 1 family, a 7-year-old girl had global developmental delay, hypotonia, ataxia, and strabismus. Two sibs from the second family had a more severe phenotype resulting in death in infancy. Brain imaging of these patients showed hypoplastic inferior cerebellar vermis, dysplastic superior cerebellar vermis, communication between a posterior fossa cyst and fourth ventricle, thickened horizontal superior cerebellar peduncles, and reduced anteroposterior dimension of the mesencephalon; 1 patient had a Dandy-Walker malformation apparent antenatally. Shaheen et al. (2014) also reported 2 fetuses in a consanguineous family of Saudi Arabian origin who were stillborn with severe brain malformations reminiscent of Meckel syndrome (249000). Features included hydranencephaly, large fontanels and wide cranial sutures, occipital encephalocele, anophthalmia/partially fused eyes, single nostril, and hyperechogenic kidneys. Another pregnancy in this family ended in a spontaneous first-trimester abortion. </p><p>Akizu et al. (2014) reported 6 unrelated patients with classic features of Joubert syndrome. The children had hypotonia, developmental delay, intellectual disability, apneic episodes in the neonatal period, and the molar tooth sign on brain imaging. Half of the affected children also had variable ophthalmologic findings, such as retinopathy, oculomotor apraxia, nystagmus, and ptosis. Three had hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and the brainstem, and 2 had sensorineural hearing loss. Hepatic fibrosis, nephronophthisis, and polydactyly were not present. The patients were of various ethnic origins, including Mexican, Indian, Chinese, Libyan, and Egyptian, and were ascertained from a larger cohort of 287 probands. </p>
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<strong>Inheritance</strong>
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<p>The transmission pattern of JBTS21 in the families reported by Tuz et al. (2014), Shaheen et al. (2014), and Akizu et al. (2014) was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. </p>
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<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
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<p>In 19 patients from 15 families with Joubert syndrome, Tuz et al. (2014) identified biallelic truncating mutations in the CSPP1 gene (see, e.g., 611654.0001-611654.0007). When samples were available, Sanger sequencing confirmed that the variants segregated in the families. There were no apparent genotype/phenotype correlations. Fibroblasts from 2 unrelated patients showed absence of CSPP1 immunostaining in the axoneme, although the signal at the base of the cilium remained. Patient cells showed defects in ciliogenesis, with decreased numbers of cilia, decreased ciliary length, and evidence of decreased trafficking of the ciliary proteins ARL13B (608922) and ADCY3 (600291) to the axoneme compared to controls. Collectively, the results suggested a loss of function. </p><p>In 3 patients from 2 consanguineous Canadian Hutterite families with JBTS21, Shaheen et al. (2014) identified a homozygous truncating mutation in the CSPP1 gene (611654.0008). Two fetuses from a consanguineous Saudi family with a more severe phenotype reminiscent of Meckel syndrome were found to carry a different homozygous truncating mutation (611654.0009). A patient skin sample showed decreased numbers of ciliated fibroblasts, with complete loss of the ciliary localization of RPGRIP1L (610937) compared to controls. These cells also showed markedly impaired SHH (600725) signaling, indicating that the ciliogenesis defect has downstream consequences. Analysis of the cell cycle showed no difference between patient cells and control cells. </p><p>In 6 unrelated patients with Joubert syndrome, Akizu et al. (2014) identified biallelic truncating or splice site mutations in the CSPP1 gene (see, e.g., 611654.0010-611654.0011). The mutations, which were found by whole-exome sequencing, segregated with the disorder in the families. The patients were ascertained from a larger cohort of 287 probands with Joubert syndrome who underwent whole-exome sequencing. Fibroblasts from 1 patient showed absence of the CSPP1 protein, but normal cell proliferation. Serum-starved patient cells showed defective ciliogenesis, with decreased levels of ARL13B, although the number of centrosomes was normal. Akizu et al. (2014) concluded that CSPP1 is involved in neural-specific functions of primary cilia. </p>
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<p>Tuz et al. (2014) found that morpholino knockdown of the cspp1a gene in zebrafish embryos resulted in a curved body shape, dilated ventricles, and pronephric cysts, consistent with a ciliopathy. The neurocranium also showed patterning defects. The presence of cilia did not appear to be altered in zebrafish mutants, but there was reduced ciliary localization of arl13b. </p>
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<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
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Akizu, N., Silhavy, J. L., Rosti, R. O., Scott, E., Fenstermaker, A. G., Schroth, J., Zaki, M. S., Sanchez, H., Gupta, N., Kabra, M., Kara, M., Ben-Omran, T., and 12 others.
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<strong>Mutations in CSPP1 lead to classical Joubert syndrome.</strong>
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Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 80-86, 2014.
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[PubMed: 24360807]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.015]
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Shaheen, R., Shamseldin, H. E., Loucks, C. M., Seidahmed, M. Z., Ansari, S., Ibrahim Khalil, M., Al-Yacoub, N., Davis, E. E., Mola, N. A., Szymanska, J., Herridge, W., Chudley, A. E., and 10 others.
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<strong>Mutations in CSPP1, encoding a core centrosomal protein, cause a range of ciliopathy phenotypes in humans.</strong>
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Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 73-79, 2014.
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[PubMed: 24360803]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.010]
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Tuz, K., Bachmann-Gagescu, R., O'Day, D. R., Hua, K., Isabella, C. R., Phelps, I. G., Stolarski, A. E., O'Roak, B. J., Dempsey, J. C., Lourenco, C., Alswaid, A., Bonnemann, C. G., and 15 others.
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<strong>Mutations in CSPP1 cause primary cilia abnormalities and Joubert syndrome with or without Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</strong>
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Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 62-72, 2014. Note: Erratum: Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 310 only, 2014.
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[PubMed: 24360808]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.019]
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Cassandra L. Kniffin : 2/10/2014
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