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Entry
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- #615031 - NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE IX, WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY; HSAN9
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- OMIM
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<p>
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<span class="h4">#615031</span>
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<br />
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<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
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<a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a>
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<a href="#phenotypeMap"><strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong></a>
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<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/615031"><strong>Clinical Synopsis</strong></a>
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<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS162400"> <strong>Phenotypic Series</strong> </a>
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<a href="#text"><strong>Text</strong></a>
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<a href="#description">Description</a>
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<a href="#clinicalFeatures">Clinical Features</a>
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<a href="#inheritance">Inheritance</a>
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<a href="#molecularGenetics">Molecular Genetics</a>
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<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
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<a href="#contributors"><strong>Contributors</strong></a>
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<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
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<a href="#editHistory"><strong>Edit History</strong></a>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">External Links</div>
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<div><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE IX, WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A registry of federally and privately supported clinical trials conducted in the United States and around the world." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Clinical Trials', 'domain': 'clinicaltrials.gov'})">Clinical Trials</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/ClinicalLabs_Search_Simple.php?lng=EN&LnkId=21718&Typ=Pat" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A list of European laboratories that offer genetic testing." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'EuroGentest', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">EuroGentest</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK584409/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Expert-authored, peer-reviewed descriptions of inherited disorders including the uses of genetic testing in diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Gene Reviews', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">Gene Reviews</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/spastic-paraplegia-type-49" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Consumer-friendly information about the effects of genetic variation on human health." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MedlinePlus Genetics', 'domain': 'medlineplus.gov'})">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/all/tests/?term=615031[mim]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genetic Testing Registry." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GTR', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">GTR</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=320385" class="mim-tip-hint" title="European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrphaNet', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">OrphaNet</a></div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Animal Models</div>
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.alliancegenome.org/disease/DOID:0110801" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Search Across Species; explore model organism and human comparative genomics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Alliance Genome', 'domain': 'alliancegenome.org'})">Alliance Genome</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/disease/615031" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotypes, alleles, and disease models from Mouse Genome Informatics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MGI Mouse Phenotype', 'domain': 'informatics.jax.org'})">MGI Mouse Phenotype</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://omia.org/OMIA001975/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) is a database of genes, inherited disorders and traits in 191 animal species (other than human and mouse.)" target="_blank">OMIA</a></div>
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<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>Looking for this gene or this phenotype in other resources?</strong>" qtip_text="Select a related resource from the dropdown menu and click for a targeted link to information directly relevant.">
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<a id="number" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a href="#" class="mim-tip-icd" qtip_title="<strong>ICD+</strong>" qtip_text="
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<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 320385<br />
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<strong>DO:</strong> 0110801<br />
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">ICD+</a>
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<span class="h3">
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<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotype description, molecular basis known">
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<span class="text-danger"><strong>#</strong></span>
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615031
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</span>
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<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h3>
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<span class="mim-font">
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NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE IX, WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY; HSAN9
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</span>
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</h3>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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<a id="alternativeTitles" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
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</p>
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<div>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA 49, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE, FORMERLY; SPG49, FORMERLY
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</h4>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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<a id="phenotypeMap" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<div>
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<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover small mim-table-padding">
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<thead>
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<tr class="active">
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<th>
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Location
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> MIM number
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</th>
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<th>
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Inheritance
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> mapping key
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</th>
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<th>
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Gene/Locus
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</th>
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<th>
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Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
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<tbody>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/14/564?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=564">
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14q32.31
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</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IX, with developmental delay
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/615031"> 615031 </a>
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</td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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TECPR2
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/615000"> 615000 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/615031" class="btn btn-warning" role="button"> Clinical Synopsis </a>
|
|
<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'ClinicalSynopsis', 'omim.org')">
|
|
<span class="caret"></span>
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<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
|
|
</button>
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</div>
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<div class="btn-group">
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<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS162400" class="btn btn-info" role="button"> Phenotypic Series </a>
|
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|
<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'PhenotypicSeries', 'omim.org')">
|
|
<span class="caret"></span>
|
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<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
|
|
</button>
|
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</div>
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<div class="btn-group">
|
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
PheneGene Graphics <span class="caret"></span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu" style="width: 17em;">
|
|
<li><a href="/graph/linear/615031" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Linear'})"> Linear </a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="/graph/radial/615031" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Radial'})"> Radial </a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign mim-tip-hint" title="OMIM PheneGene graphics depict relationships between phenotypes, groups of related phenotypes (Phenotypic Series), and genes.<br /><a href='/static/omim/pdf/OMIM_Graphics.pdf' target='_blank'>A quick reference overview and guide (PDF)</a>"></span>
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<div>
|
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<p />
|
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</div>
|
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<div id="mimClinicalSynopsisFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
|
|
<div class="small" style="margin: 5px">
|
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<div>
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|
<div>
|
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<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> INHERITANCE </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
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</div>
|
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<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
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<div>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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|
|
- Autosomal recessive <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/258211005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">258211005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0441748&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0441748</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000007</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000007</a>]</span><br />
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> GROWTH </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
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<div>
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<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Height </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Short stature <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/422065006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">422065006</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/237836003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">237836003</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/237837007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">237837007</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/E34.31" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">E34.31</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R62.52" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R62.52</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/783.43" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">783.43</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0349588&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0349588</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0013336&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0013336</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003510" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003510</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0004322" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0004322</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0004322" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0004322</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Other </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Chubby appearance <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3554369&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3554369</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> HEAD & NECK </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Head </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Microcephaly <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/1148757008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">1148757008</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/Q02" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">Q02</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/742.1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">742.1</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C4551563&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C4551563</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0025958&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0025958</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000252</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000252</a>]</span> <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=0584d323b99dcd7001cc50e224947aca" target="_blank" class="small mim-tip-eom" title="<img src="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/images/terms/Microcephaly-small.jpg"> <br/>Further Information: <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=0584d323b99dcd7001cc50e224947aca" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'EOM\', \'domain\': \'elementsofmorphology.nih.gov\'})">Elements of Morphology</a>"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user" aria-hidden="true"></span></a><br /> -
|
|
Brachycephaly <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/13649004" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">13649004</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0221356&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0221356</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000248" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000248</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000248" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000248</a>]</span> <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=9ccc4d161e106e4d5543286323f007ce" target="_blank" class="small mim-tip-eom" title="<img src="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/images/terms/Brachycephaly-Large-small.jpg"> <br/>Further Information: <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=9ccc4d161e106e4d5543286323f007ce" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'EOM\', \'domain\': \'elementsofmorphology.nih.gov\'})">Elements of Morphology</a>"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user" aria-hidden="true"></span></a><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Face </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Round face <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0239479&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0239479</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000311" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000311</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000311" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000311</a>]</span> <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=2ab9bbad3c428d627c2b454902c17fa0" target="_blank" class="small mim-tip-eom" title="<img src="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/images/terms/Face,Round-small.jpg"> <br/>Further Information: <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=2ab9bbad3c428d627c2b454902c17fa0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'EOM\', \'domain\': \'elementsofmorphology.nih.gov\'})">Elements of Morphology</a>"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user" aria-hidden="true"></span></a><br /> -
|
|
Hypomimia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/248149005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">248149005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0813217&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0813217</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000338" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000338</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000338" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000338</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Ears </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Hearing loss (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/103276001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">103276001</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/343087000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">343087000</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/15188001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">15188001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H91.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H91.9</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/389.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">389.9</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/389" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">389</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0011053&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0011053</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0018772&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0018772</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1384666&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1384666</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3887873&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3887873</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C2029884&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C2029884</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000365" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000365</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000365" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000365</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Teeth </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Dental crowding <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/12351004" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">12351004</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/524.31" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">524.31</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0040433&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0040433</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000678" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000678</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000678" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000678</a>]</span> <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=bc1fcb988aa10dd9d5f3774c342364a9" target="_blank" class="small mim-tip-eom" title="<img src="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/images/terms/Dental_Crowding-small.jpg"> <br/>Further Information: <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=bc1fcb988aa10dd9d5f3774c342364a9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'EOM\', \'domain\': \'elementsofmorphology.nih.gov\'})">Elements of Morphology</a>"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user" aria-hidden="true"></span></a><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
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<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Neck </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Short broad neck <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1856662&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1856662</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
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</div>
|
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|
</div>
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</div>
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<div>
|
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<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> RESPIRATORY </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Central apnea, episodic <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3808646&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3808646</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002871" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002871</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Chronic lung disease <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/413839001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">413839001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0746102&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0746102</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0006528" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0006528</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0006528" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0006528</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> ABDOMEN </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Gastrointestinal </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/235595009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">235595009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/K21" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">K21</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/K21.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">K21.9</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/530.81" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">530.81</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0017168&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0017168</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002020" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002020</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002020" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002020</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> SKIN, NAILS, & HAIR </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Hair </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Low anterior hairline <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1842366&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1842366</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000294" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000294</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000294" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000294</a>]</span> <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=65b0191a33ac10e07bf69640f20cfc40" target="_blank" class="small mim-tip-eom" title="<img src="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/images/terms/Hairline,Low_Anterior-small.jpg"> <br/>Further Information: <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=65b0191a33ac10e07bf69640f20cfc40" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'EOM\', \'domain\': \'elementsofmorphology.nih.gov\'})">Elements of Morphology</a>"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user" aria-hidden="true"></span></a><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> MUSCLE, SOFT TISSUES </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Hypotonia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/398151007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">398151007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/398152000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">398152000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0026827&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0026827</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1858120&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1858120</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001290" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001290</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001252</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001252</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> NEUROLOGIC </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Central Nervous System </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Delayed psychomotor development <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/224958001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">224958001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/F88" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">F88</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0557874&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0557874</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001263" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001263</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001263" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001263</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Hypotonia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/398151007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">398151007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/398152000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">398152000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0026827&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0026827</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1858120&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1858120</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001290" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001290</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001252</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001252</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Ataxic gait <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/25136009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">25136009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R26.0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R26.0</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0751837&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0751837</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002066" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002066</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002066" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002066</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Spastic gait <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/9447003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">9447003</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R26.1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R26.1</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0231687&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0231687</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002064" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002064</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002064" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002064</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Rigid gait <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/9447003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">9447003</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R26.1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R26.1</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0234996&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0234996</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Lower limb hyporeflexia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1834696&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1834696</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002600" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002600</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Autonomic dysfunction <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/15241006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">15241006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/G90.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">G90.9</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/G90" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">G90</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/337" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">337</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/337.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">337.9</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1145628&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1145628</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0013363&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0013363</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0012332" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0012332</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0012332" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0012332</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Dysarthria <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/8011004" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">8011004</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/438.13" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">438.13</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/784.51" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">784.51</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0013362&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0013362</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001260" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001260</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001260" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001260</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Dysmetria <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/32566006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">32566006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0234162&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0234162</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001310" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001310</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001310" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001310</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Seizures (in some patients) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/91175000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">91175000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0036572&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0036572</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001250" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001250</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001250" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001250</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Central sleep apnea <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/27405005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">27405005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3887547&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3887547</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0520680&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0520680</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0010536" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0010536</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0010536" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0010536</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Episodes of decreased alertness, hypotonia, and poor respiration requiring mechanical ventilation <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3554368&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3554368</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Thin corpus callosum <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C5441562&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C5441562</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0033725" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0033725</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0033725" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0033725</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Cerebral atrophy <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/278849000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">278849000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0235946&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0235946</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002059" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002059</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002059" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002059</a>]</span><br />
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|
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
|
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<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Peripheral Nervous System </em>
|
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</span>
|
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</div>
|
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<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
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|
|
- Areflexia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/37280007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">37280007</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0234146&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0234146</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001284" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001284</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001284" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001284</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Reduced sensitivity to pain <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C5563143&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C5563143</a>]</span><br />
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
|
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<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
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<strong> MISCELLANEOUS </strong>
|
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</span>
|
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</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
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|
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<div>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
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|
|
- Onset in the first 2 years of life<br /> -
|
|
Central apneic episodes may be fatal<br /> -
|
|
Described in individuals of Jewish Bukharian descent<br />
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|
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</span>
|
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> MOLECULAR BASIS </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
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|
|
- Caused by mutation in the tectonin beta-propeller repeat-containing protein 2 gene (TECPR2, <a href="/entry/615000#0001">615000.0001</a>)<br />
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|
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</span>
|
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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|
|
<div class="text-right">
|
|
<a href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" data-toggle="collapse">▲ Close</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
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|
|
<div id="mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
|
|
<div class="small">
|
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|
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<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12">
|
|
<h5>
|
|
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
|
|
- <a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS162400">PS162400</a>
|
|
- 16 Entries
|
|
</h5>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="row" style="margin-left: 0.125em; margin-right: 0.125em;">
|
|
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover mim-table-padding">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Location</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-5 col-md-5 col-sm-5 col-xs-6 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Inheritance</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype<br />mapping key</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype<br />MIM number</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Gene/Locus</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Gene/Locus<br />MIM number</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/1/949?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=949"> 1p13.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608654"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type V </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608654"> 608654 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/162030"> NGF </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/162030"> 162030 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/1/1269?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=1269"> 1q23.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/256800"> Insensitivity to pain, congenital, with anhidrosis </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/256800"> 256800 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/191315"> NTRK1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/191315"> 191315 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/2/1177?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=1177"> 2q37.3 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614213"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type IIC </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614213"> 614213 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601255"> KIF1A </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601255"> 601255 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/3/104?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=104"> 3p24-p22 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608088"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type IB </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608088"> 608088 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608088"> HSN1B </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608088"> 608088 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/3/183?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=183"> 3p22.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615548"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type VII </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615548"> 615548 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/604385"> SCN11A </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/604385"> 604385 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/5/67?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=67"> 5p15.1 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/613115"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IIB </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/613115"> 613115 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/613114"> RETREG1 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/613114"> 613114 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/6/611?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=611"> 6p12.1 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614653"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type VI </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614653"> 614653 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/113810"> DST </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/113810"> 113810 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/geneMap/9/301?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=301"> 9q22.31 </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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<a href="/entry/162400"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IA </a>
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
|
<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/162400"> 162400 </a>
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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<a href="/entry/605712"> SPTLC1 </a>
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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<a href="/entry/605712"> 605712 </a>
|
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</span>
|
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
|
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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<a href="/geneMap/9/397?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=397"> 9q31.3 </a>
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|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
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<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/223900"> Dysautonomia, familial </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/223900"> 223900 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/603722"> ELP1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/603722"> 603722 </a>
|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/9/579?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=579"> 9q34.12 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616488"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type VIII </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616488"> 616488 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616458"> PRDM12 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/616458"> 616458 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/11/528?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=528"> 11q13.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615632"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type IF </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615632"> 615632 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/609369"> ATL3 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/609369"> 609369 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/12/10?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=10"> 12p13.33 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/201300"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type II </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/201300"> 201300 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605232"> WNK1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605232"> 605232 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/14/225?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=225"> 14q22.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613708"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type ID </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613708"> 613708 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/606439"> ATL1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/606439"> 606439 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/14/419?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=419"> 14q24.3 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613640"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IC </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/613640"> 613640 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605713"> SPTLC2 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605713"> 605713 </a>
|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/14/564?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=564"> 14q32.31 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615031"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IX, with developmental delay </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615031"> 615031 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
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</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615000"> TECPR2 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/615000"> 615000 </a>
|
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</span>
|
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</td>
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</tr>
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|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/19/260?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=260"> 19p13.2 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614116"> Neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type IE </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
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<a href="/entry/614116"> 614116 </a>
|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
|
<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/126375"> DNMT1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/126375"> 126375 </a>
|
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</span>
|
|
</td>
|
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</tr>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="text-right small">
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<a href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" data-toggle="collapse">▲ Close</a>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<div>
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<a id="text" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4 href="#mimTextFold" id="mimTextToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<span id="mimTextToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<span class="mim-tip-floating" qtip_title="<strong>Looking For More References?</strong>" qtip_text="Click the 'reference plus' icon <span class='glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign'></span> at the end of each OMIM text paragraph to see more references related to the content of the preceding paragraph.">
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<div id="mimTextFold" class="collapse in ">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IX with developmental delay (HSAN9) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the TECPR2 gene (<a href="/entry/615000">615000</a>) on chromosome 14q32.</p>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<div>
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<a id="description" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4 href="#mimDescriptionFold" id="mimDescriptionToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<span id="mimDescriptionToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Description</strong>
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</h4>
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</div>
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<div id="mimDescriptionFold" class="collapse in ">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IX with developmental delay (HSAN9) is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder. Clinical features include global developmental delay and intellectual disability, axial and appendicular hypotonia, dysarthria, and an abnormal gait that is often described as ataxic. Other features may include peripheral neuropathy, hyporeflexia, and autonomic dysfunction (summary by <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Neuser, S., Brechmann, B., Heimer, G., Brosse, I., Schubert, S., O'Grady, L., Zech, M., Srivastava, S., Sweetser, D. A., Dincer, Y., Mall, V., Winkelmann, J., and 38 others. <strong>Clinical, neuroimaging, and molecular spectrum of TECPR2-associated hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong> Hum. Mutat. 42: 762-776, 2021.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33847017/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">33847017</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.24206" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="33847017">Neuser et al., 2021</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=33847017" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, see HSAN1 (<a href="/entry/162400">162400</a>).</p>
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<p><a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Oz-Levi, D., Ben-Zeev, B., Ruzzo, E. K., Hitomi, Y., Gelman, A., Pelak, K., Anikster, Y., Reznik-Wolf, H., Bar-Joseph, I., Olender, T., Alkelai, A., Weiss, M., Ben-Asher, E., Ge, D., Shianna, K. V., Elazar, Z., Goldstein, D. B., Pras, E., Lancet, D. <strong>Mutation in TECPR2 reveals a role for autophagy in hereditary spastic paraparesis.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 91: 1065-1072, 2012.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23176824/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">23176824</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=23176824[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.09.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="23176824">Oz-Levi et al. (2012)</a> reported 5 individuals from 3 apparently unrelated Jewish Bukharian families with a disorder that the authors designated spastic paraplegia-49 (SPG49). Affected individuals presented during the second year of life with hypotonia and developmental delay. Dysmorphic features included short stature, mild brachycephalic microcephaly, round face, low anterior hairline, dental crowding, short broad neck, and a chubby appearance. They had delayed psychomotor development with moderately to severely impaired intellectual development. A spastic, rigid, ataxic gait with areflexia developed at the end of the first decade. Other features included dysarthria, hypomimic facies, and dysmetria. All also had recurrent respiratory infections due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. An unusual feature was recurrent episodic central apnea initially occurring during sleep, but evolving into the wake state. Four patients had episodes of decreased alertness, aggravation of hypotonia, and inefficient respiration requiring mechanical ventilation. One patient died at age 5.5 years from aspiration. Two sibs had infrequent seizures. Brain MRI of 2 individuals showed a thin corpus callosum and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=23176824" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Heimer, G., Oz-Levi, D., Eyal, E., Edvardson, S., Nissenkorn, A., Ruzzo, E. K., Szeinberg, A., Maayan, C., Mai-Zahav, M., Efrati, O., Pras, E., Reznik-Wolf, H., Lancet, D., Goldstein, D. B., Anikster, Y., Shalev, S. A., Elpeleg, O., Ben Zeev, B. <strong>TECPR2 mutations cause a new subtype of familial dysautonomia like hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong> Europ. J. Paediat. Neurol. 20: 69-79, 2016.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26542466/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">26542466</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.10.003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="26542466">Heimer et al. (2016)</a> described 3 unrelated patients, 2 born to nonconsanguineous Ashkenazi parents and 1 born to mixed Ashkenazi/Tunisian and Yamani/Kurdish parents, with moderately to severely impaired intellectual development, dysmorphic features, and a sensory autonomic neuropathy. Patient 1 had gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration in the first year of life, which progressed to chronic lung disease. He had delayed global development and started walking after age 3 years with unstable gait. At age 4 he had deceleration of his head growth, facial hypotonia, pectus carinatum, hyporeflexia, and decreased sensitivity to pain. He had mild bilateral hearing loss, astigmatism, and myopia. He died at age 6 following a severe pulmonary infection. Patient 2 had gastroesophageal aspiration and developed chronic lung disease necessitating tracheostomy and nighttime ventilation. He had microcephaly, moderately to severely impaired intellectual development, decreased sensitivity to pain, and delayed walking. Examination at age 7 years showed hypotonia, areflexia, truncal titubation, and ataxic gait. At the age of 18 he was wheelchair dependent, required nighttime ventilation, and had recurrent pulmonary infections and encephalopathic events. Brain MRI demonstrated mild cerebral and vermian atrophy. Patient 3 had recurrent vomiting and aspiration pneumonia since birth. From infancy he had episodes of dehydration, cold extremities, postural hypotension, fevers, and hypertension, and he appeared to have reduced pain sensitivity. He had delayed psychomotor development. Examination at age 4 showed axial and limb hypotonia, areflexia, and decreased head circumference. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26542466" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Covone, A. E., Fiorillo, C., Acquaviva, M., Trucco, F., Morana, G., Ravazzolo, M. G., Minetti, C. <strong>WES in a family trio suggests involvement of TECPR2 in a complex form of progressive motor neuron disease.</strong> Clin. Genet. 90: 182-185, 2016.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27406698/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">27406698</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cge.12730" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="27406698">Covone et al. (2016)</a> described a 16-year-old girl, born to nonconsanguineous Italian parents, who developed recurrent vomiting and unstable ambulation at 4 years of age. Neurologic examination at age 9 demonstrated strabismus, reduced reflexes in the upper limbs, and weakness in the lower limbs. At age 10 she had muscle atrophy and hypotonia of the trunk and upper limbs, scoliosis, dysarthric speech and ocular apraxia. She lost the ability to ambulate at age 12. At age 13, she developed respiratory insufficiency in the setting of an infection and required a tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation. On examination at age 15, she had tetraparesis with hypotonia of upper limbs and hypertonia of lower limbs. Brain MRI showed a mild global thinning of the corpus callosum. EMG showed a neurogenic pattern at 4 limbs. A muscle biopsy demonstrated secondary signs of a motor neuron defect. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=27406698" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Patwari, P. P., Wolfe, L. F., Sharma, G. D., Berry-Kravis, E. <strong>TECPR2 mutation-associated respiratory dysregulation: more than central apnea.</strong> J. Clin. Sleep Med. 16: 977-982, 2020.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32209221/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">32209221</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=32209221[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8434" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="32209221">Patwari et al. (2020)</a> reported a patient who had a complex respiratory pattern, including hypopnea and central apnea, detected on a sleep study at 32 months of age, which progressed to a Biot (ataxic) breathing pattern and central apnea. On examination at age 4 years, her height and weight were at the 5th percentile and she had low axial tone and a poorly coordinated gait. She also had global developmental delay and speech impairment. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=32209221" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Neuser, S., Brechmann, B., Heimer, G., Brosse, I., Schubert, S., O'Grady, L., Zech, M., Srivastava, S., Sweetser, D. A., Dincer, Y., Mall, V., Winkelmann, J., and 38 others. <strong>Clinical, neuroimaging, and molecular spectrum of TECPR2-associated hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong> Hum. Mutat. 42: 762-776, 2021.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33847017/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">33847017</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.24206" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="33847017">Neuser et al. (2021)</a> reported clinical findings in 17 patients, including 2 sib pairs, from 15 families segregating HSAN9. The patients ranged in age from 16 months to 15 years. All of the patients had global developmental delay/impaired intellectual development, which was mild in 1 patient, moderate in 7 patients, and severe in 8 patients. Neurologic manifestations included hypotonia (17/17), gait ataxia (11/11), lower limb hyporeflexia (13/17), and dysarthria (6/8). Autonomic dysfunction was seen in 5 patients. Central respiratory dysregulation was common, resulting in central nocturnal (8/13) and/or daytime (5/16) hypoventilation, and dysphagia (9/17). Seven patients had short stature, 7 had brachycephaly, and 4 had microcephaly. Dysmorphic features seen in some patients included short neck, synophrys, and triangular-shaped facies. Five patients had skeletal abnormalities, including lumbar kyphosis, barrel-shaped chest, or neck hyperextension. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=33847017" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>The transmission pattern of HSAN9 in the families reported by <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Oz-Levi, D., Ben-Zeev, B., Ruzzo, E. K., Hitomi, Y., Gelman, A., Pelak, K., Anikster, Y., Reznik-Wolf, H., Bar-Joseph, I., Olender, T., Alkelai, A., Weiss, M., Ben-Asher, E., Ge, D., Shianna, K. V., Elazar, Z., Goldstein, D. B., Pras, E., Lancet, D. <strong>Mutation in TECPR2 reveals a role for autophagy in hereditary spastic paraparesis.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 91: 1065-1072, 2012.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23176824/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">23176824</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=23176824[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.09.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="23176824">Oz-Levi et al. (2012)</a> was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=23176824" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>By exome sequencing of 4 Jewish Bukharian patients with HSAN9, <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Oz-Levi, D., Ben-Zeev, B., Ruzzo, E. K., Hitomi, Y., Gelman, A., Pelak, K., Anikster, Y., Reznik-Wolf, H., Bar-Joseph, I., Olender, T., Alkelai, A., Weiss, M., Ben-Asher, E., Ge, D., Shianna, K. V., Elazar, Z., Goldstein, D. B., Pras, E., Lancet, D. <strong>Mutation in TECPR2 reveals a role for autophagy in hereditary spastic paraparesis.</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 91: 1065-1072, 2012.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23176824/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">23176824</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=23176824[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.09.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="23176824">Oz-Levi et al. (2012)</a> identified a homozygous frameshift mutation in the TECPR2 gene (<a href="/entry/615000#0001">615000.0001</a>). Haplotype analysis suggested a founder effect. Skin fibroblasts from an affected individual showed impaired expression of the autophagocytic proteins SQSTM1 (<a href="/entry/601530">601530</a>) and MAP1LC3B (<a href="/entry/609604">609604</a>) in response to various conditions that should have increased the levels of these proteins. The findings suggested that TECPR2 mutations cause impairment of the intracellular autophagy pathway, with attenuation of delivery of targeted proteins to the lysosome. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=23176824" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In 3 unrelated patients with HSAN9, <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Heimer, G., Oz-Levi, D., Eyal, E., Edvardson, S., Nissenkorn, A., Ruzzo, E. K., Szeinberg, A., Maayan, C., Mai-Zahav, M., Efrati, O., Pras, E., Reznik-Wolf, H., Lancet, D., Goldstein, D. B., Anikster, Y., Shalev, S. A., Elpeleg, O., Ben Zeev, B. <strong>TECPR2 mutations cause a new subtype of familial dysautonomia like hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong> Europ. J. Paediat. Neurol. 20: 69-79, 2016.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26542466/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">26542466</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.10.003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="26542466">Heimer et al. (2016)</a> identified homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the TECPR2 gene (<a href="/entry/615000#0001">615000.0001</a>-<a href="/entry/615000#0003">615000.0003</a>). The mutations, which were identified by whole-exome sequencing or Sanger sequencing, segregated with disease in each family. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26542466" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In a patient with HSAN9, <a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Patwari, P. P., Wolfe, L. F., Sharma, G. D., Berry-Kravis, E. <strong>TECPR2 mutation-associated respiratory dysregulation: more than central apnea.</strong> J. Clin. Sleep Med. 16: 977-982, 2020.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32209221/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">32209221</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=32209221[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8434" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="32209221">Patwari et al. (2020)</a> identified compound heterozygous mutations the TECPR2 gene (<a href="/entry/615000#0004">615000.0004</a>; <a href="/entry/615000#0005">615000.0005</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=32209221" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In a 16-year-old Italian girl HSAN9, <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Covone, A. E., Fiorillo, C., Acquaviva, M., Trucco, F., Morana, G., Ravazzolo, M. G., Minetti, C. <strong>WES in a family trio suggests involvement of TECPR2 in a complex form of progressive motor neuron disease.</strong> Clin. Genet. 90: 182-185, 2016.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27406698/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">27406698</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cge.12730" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="27406698">Covone et al. (2016)</a> identified compound heterozygosity for 2 missense mutations in the TECPR2 gene (NM_014844.3): c.898G-A (G300R) and c.2708C-T (T903M). This patient also carried a mutation in the SPG7 gene (<a href="/entry/602783">602783</a>), which was present in her unaffected father. The mutations, which were identified by whole-exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing, segregated with the disorder in the family. Functional studies were not performed. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=27406698" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In 17 patients in 15 families segregating HSAN9, <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Neuser, S., Brechmann, B., Heimer, G., Brosse, I., Schubert, S., O'Grady, L., Zech, M., Srivastava, S., Sweetser, D. A., Dincer, Y., Mall, V., Winkelmann, J., and 38 others. <strong>Clinical, neuroimaging, and molecular spectrum of TECPR2-associated hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong> Hum. Mutat. 42: 762-776, 2021.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33847017/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">33847017</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.24206" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="33847017">Neuser et al. (2021)</a> identified homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the TECPR2 gene (see, e.g., <a href="/entry/615000#0001">615000.0001</a>; <a href="/entry/615000#0002">615000.0002</a>; <a href="/entry/615000#0006">615000.0006</a>-<a href="/entry/615000#0007">615000.0007</a>). The mutations were identified by whole-exome sequencing, genetic panel testing, or targeted Sanger sequencing. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=33847017" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<a id="Covone2016" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Covone, A. E., Fiorillo, C., Acquaviva, M., Trucco, F., Morana, G., Ravazzolo, M. G., Minetti, C.
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<strong>WES in a family trio suggests involvement of TECPR2 in a complex form of progressive motor neuron disease.</strong>
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Clin. Genet. 90: 182-185, 2016.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27406698/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">27406698</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=27406698" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cge.12730" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Heimer2016" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Heimer, G., Oz-Levi, D., Eyal, E., Edvardson, S., Nissenkorn, A., Ruzzo, E. K., Szeinberg, A., Maayan, C., Mai-Zahav, M., Efrati, O., Pras, E., Reznik-Wolf, H., Lancet, D., Goldstein, D. B., Anikster, Y., Shalev, S. A., Elpeleg, O., Ben Zeev, B.
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<strong>TECPR2 mutations cause a new subtype of familial dysautonomia like hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong>
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Europ. J. Paediat. Neurol. 20: 69-79, 2016.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26542466/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">26542466</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26542466" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.10.003" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Neuser, S., Brechmann, B., Heimer, G., Brosse, I., Schubert, S., O'Grady, L., Zech, M., Srivastava, S., Sweetser, D. A., Dincer, Y., Mall, V., Winkelmann, J., and 38 others.
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<strong>Clinical, neuroimaging, and molecular spectrum of TECPR2-associated hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong>
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Hum. Mutat. 42: 762-776, 2021.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33847017/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">33847017</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=33847017" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.24206" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Oz-Levi, D., Ben-Zeev, B., Ruzzo, E. K., Hitomi, Y., Gelman, A., Pelak, K., Anikster, Y., Reznik-Wolf, H., Bar-Joseph, I., Olender, T., Alkelai, A., Weiss, M., Ben-Asher, E., Ge, D., Shianna, K. V., Elazar, Z., Goldstein, D. B., Pras, E., Lancet, D.
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<strong>Mutation in TECPR2 reveals a role for autophagy in hereditary spastic paraparesis.</strong>
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Am. J. Hum. Genet. 91: 1065-1072, 2012.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23176824/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">23176824</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=23176824[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=23176824" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.09.015" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Patwari, P. P., Wolfe, L. F., Sharma, G. D., Berry-Kravis, E.
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<strong>TECPR2 mutation-associated respiratory dysregulation: more than central apnea.</strong>
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J. Clin. Sleep Med. 16: 977-982, 2020.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32209221/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">32209221</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=32209221[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=32209221" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8434" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Hilary J. Vernon - updated : 10/19/2021
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 09/15/2021<br>Hilary J. Vernon - updated : 09/15/2021
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Cassandra L. Kniffin : 1/23/2013
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carol : 10/19/2021
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carol : 09/16/2021<br>carol : 09/15/2021<br>carol : 02/09/2018<br>carol : 01/28/2013<br>carol : 1/25/2013<br>ckniffin : 1/24/2013
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<strong>#</strong> 615031
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NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE IX, WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY; HSAN9
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SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA 49, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE, FORMERLY; SPG49, FORMERLY
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<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 320385;
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<strong>DO:</strong> 0110801;
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14q32.31
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Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IX, with developmental delay
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Autosomal recessive
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3
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TECPR2
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615000
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IX with developmental delay (HSAN9) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the TECPR2 gene (615000) on chromosome 14q32.</p>
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<p>Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IX with developmental delay (HSAN9) is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder. Clinical features include global developmental delay and intellectual disability, axial and appendicular hypotonia, dysarthria, and an abnormal gait that is often described as ataxic. Other features may include peripheral neuropathy, hyporeflexia, and autonomic dysfunction (summary by Neuser et al., 2021). </p><p>For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, see HSAN1 (162400).</p>
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<p>Oz-Levi et al. (2012) reported 5 individuals from 3 apparently unrelated Jewish Bukharian families with a disorder that the authors designated spastic paraplegia-49 (SPG49). Affected individuals presented during the second year of life with hypotonia and developmental delay. Dysmorphic features included short stature, mild brachycephalic microcephaly, round face, low anterior hairline, dental crowding, short broad neck, and a chubby appearance. They had delayed psychomotor development with moderately to severely impaired intellectual development. A spastic, rigid, ataxic gait with areflexia developed at the end of the first decade. Other features included dysarthria, hypomimic facies, and dysmetria. All also had recurrent respiratory infections due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. An unusual feature was recurrent episodic central apnea initially occurring during sleep, but evolving into the wake state. Four patients had episodes of decreased alertness, aggravation of hypotonia, and inefficient respiration requiring mechanical ventilation. One patient died at age 5.5 years from aspiration. Two sibs had infrequent seizures. Brain MRI of 2 individuals showed a thin corpus callosum and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy. </p><p>Heimer et al. (2016) described 3 unrelated patients, 2 born to nonconsanguineous Ashkenazi parents and 1 born to mixed Ashkenazi/Tunisian and Yamani/Kurdish parents, with moderately to severely impaired intellectual development, dysmorphic features, and a sensory autonomic neuropathy. Patient 1 had gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration in the first year of life, which progressed to chronic lung disease. He had delayed global development and started walking after age 3 years with unstable gait. At age 4 he had deceleration of his head growth, facial hypotonia, pectus carinatum, hyporeflexia, and decreased sensitivity to pain. He had mild bilateral hearing loss, astigmatism, and myopia. He died at age 6 following a severe pulmonary infection. Patient 2 had gastroesophageal aspiration and developed chronic lung disease necessitating tracheostomy and nighttime ventilation. He had microcephaly, moderately to severely impaired intellectual development, decreased sensitivity to pain, and delayed walking. Examination at age 7 years showed hypotonia, areflexia, truncal titubation, and ataxic gait. At the age of 18 he was wheelchair dependent, required nighttime ventilation, and had recurrent pulmonary infections and encephalopathic events. Brain MRI demonstrated mild cerebral and vermian atrophy. Patient 3 had recurrent vomiting and aspiration pneumonia since birth. From infancy he had episodes of dehydration, cold extremities, postural hypotension, fevers, and hypertension, and he appeared to have reduced pain sensitivity. He had delayed psychomotor development. Examination at age 4 showed axial and limb hypotonia, areflexia, and decreased head circumference. </p><p>Covone et al. (2016) described a 16-year-old girl, born to nonconsanguineous Italian parents, who developed recurrent vomiting and unstable ambulation at 4 years of age. Neurologic examination at age 9 demonstrated strabismus, reduced reflexes in the upper limbs, and weakness in the lower limbs. At age 10 she had muscle atrophy and hypotonia of the trunk and upper limbs, scoliosis, dysarthric speech and ocular apraxia. She lost the ability to ambulate at age 12. At age 13, she developed respiratory insufficiency in the setting of an infection and required a tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation. On examination at age 15, she had tetraparesis with hypotonia of upper limbs and hypertonia of lower limbs. Brain MRI showed a mild global thinning of the corpus callosum. EMG showed a neurogenic pattern at 4 limbs. A muscle biopsy demonstrated secondary signs of a motor neuron defect. </p><p>Patwari et al. (2020) reported a patient who had a complex respiratory pattern, including hypopnea and central apnea, detected on a sleep study at 32 months of age, which progressed to a Biot (ataxic) breathing pattern and central apnea. On examination at age 4 years, her height and weight were at the 5th percentile and she had low axial tone and a poorly coordinated gait. She also had global developmental delay and speech impairment. </p><p>Neuser et al. (2021) reported clinical findings in 17 patients, including 2 sib pairs, from 15 families segregating HSAN9. The patients ranged in age from 16 months to 15 years. All of the patients had global developmental delay/impaired intellectual development, which was mild in 1 patient, moderate in 7 patients, and severe in 8 patients. Neurologic manifestations included hypotonia (17/17), gait ataxia (11/11), lower limb hyporeflexia (13/17), and dysarthria (6/8). Autonomic dysfunction was seen in 5 patients. Central respiratory dysregulation was common, resulting in central nocturnal (8/13) and/or daytime (5/16) hypoventilation, and dysphagia (9/17). Seven patients had short stature, 7 had brachycephaly, and 4 had microcephaly. Dysmorphic features seen in some patients included short neck, synophrys, and triangular-shaped facies. Five patients had skeletal abnormalities, including lumbar kyphosis, barrel-shaped chest, or neck hyperextension. </p>
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<strong>Inheritance</strong>
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<p>The transmission pattern of HSAN9 in the families reported by Oz-Levi et al. (2012) was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. </p>
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<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
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<p>By exome sequencing of 4 Jewish Bukharian patients with HSAN9, Oz-Levi et al. (2012) identified a homozygous frameshift mutation in the TECPR2 gene (615000.0001). Haplotype analysis suggested a founder effect. Skin fibroblasts from an affected individual showed impaired expression of the autophagocytic proteins SQSTM1 (601530) and MAP1LC3B (609604) in response to various conditions that should have increased the levels of these proteins. The findings suggested that TECPR2 mutations cause impairment of the intracellular autophagy pathway, with attenuation of delivery of targeted proteins to the lysosome. </p><p>In 3 unrelated patients with HSAN9, Heimer et al. (2016) identified homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the TECPR2 gene (615000.0001-615000.0003). The mutations, which were identified by whole-exome sequencing or Sanger sequencing, segregated with disease in each family. </p><p>In a patient with HSAN9, Patwari et al. (2020) identified compound heterozygous mutations the TECPR2 gene (615000.0004; 615000.0005). </p><p>In a 16-year-old Italian girl HSAN9, Covone et al. (2016) identified compound heterozygosity for 2 missense mutations in the TECPR2 gene (NM_014844.3): c.898G-A (G300R) and c.2708C-T (T903M). This patient also carried a mutation in the SPG7 gene (602783), which was present in her unaffected father. The mutations, which were identified by whole-exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing, segregated with the disorder in the family. Functional studies were not performed. </p><p>In 17 patients in 15 families segregating HSAN9, Neuser et al. (2021) identified homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the TECPR2 gene (see, e.g., 615000.0001; 615000.0002; 615000.0006-615000.0007). The mutations were identified by whole-exome sequencing, genetic panel testing, or targeted Sanger sequencing. </p>
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<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
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Covone, A. E., Fiorillo, C., Acquaviva, M., Trucco, F., Morana, G., Ravazzolo, M. G., Minetti, C.
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<strong>WES in a family trio suggests involvement of TECPR2 in a complex form of progressive motor neuron disease.</strong>
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Clin. Genet. 90: 182-185, 2016.
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[PubMed: 27406698]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1111/cge.12730]
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Heimer, G., Oz-Levi, D., Eyal, E., Edvardson, S., Nissenkorn, A., Ruzzo, E. K., Szeinberg, A., Maayan, C., Mai-Zahav, M., Efrati, O., Pras, E., Reznik-Wolf, H., Lancet, D., Goldstein, D. B., Anikster, Y., Shalev, S. A., Elpeleg, O., Ben Zeev, B.
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<strong>TECPR2 mutations cause a new subtype of familial dysautonomia like hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong>
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Europ. J. Paediat. Neurol. 20: 69-79, 2016.
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[PubMed: 26542466]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.10.003]
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Neuser, S., Brechmann, B., Heimer, G., Brosse, I., Schubert, S., O'Grady, L., Zech, M., Srivastava, S., Sweetser, D. A., Dincer, Y., Mall, V., Winkelmann, J., and 38 others.
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<strong>Clinical, neuroimaging, and molecular spectrum of TECPR2-associated hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.</strong>
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Hum. Mutat. 42: 762-776, 2021.
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[PubMed: 33847017]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.24206]
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Oz-Levi, D., Ben-Zeev, B., Ruzzo, E. K., Hitomi, Y., Gelman, A., Pelak, K., Anikster, Y., Reznik-Wolf, H., Bar-Joseph, I., Olender, T., Alkelai, A., Weiss, M., Ben-Asher, E., Ge, D., Shianna, K. V., Elazar, Z., Goldstein, D. B., Pras, E., Lancet, D.
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<strong>Mutation in TECPR2 reveals a role for autophagy in hereditary spastic paraparesis.</strong>
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Am. J. Hum. Genet. 91: 1065-1072, 2012.
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[PubMed: 23176824]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.09.015]
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Patwari, P. P., Wolfe, L. F., Sharma, G. D., Berry-Kravis, E.
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<strong>TECPR2 mutation-associated respiratory dysregulation: more than central apnea.</strong>
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J. Clin. Sleep Med. 16: 977-982, 2020.
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[PubMed: 32209221]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8434]
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Hilary J. Vernon - updated : 10/19/2021<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 09/15/2021<br>Hilary J. Vernon - updated : 09/15/2021
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Cassandra L. Kniffin : 1/23/2013
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