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Entry
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- *613019 - SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX ASSEMBLY FACTOR 2; SDHAF2
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- OMIM
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<p>
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<span class="h4">*613019</span>
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<br />
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<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
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</p>
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<a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a>
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<a href="#geneMap"><strong>Gene-Phenotype Relationships</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#text"><strong>Text</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
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<a href="#description">Description</a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
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<a href="#cloning">Cloning and Expression</a>
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<a href="#mapping">Mapping</a>
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<a href="#molecularGenetics">Molecular Genetics</a>
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<a href="#allelicVariants"><strong>Allelic Variants</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
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<a href="/allelicVariants/613019">Table View</a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#contributors"><strong>Contributors</strong></a>
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<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
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</li>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#editHistory"><strong>Edit History</strong></a>
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<div class="col-lg-2 col-lg-push-8 col-md-2 col-md-push-8 col-sm-2 col-sm-push-8 col-xs-12">
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<h4 class="panel-title">
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<a href="#mimExternalLinksFold" id="mimExternalLinksToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimExternalLinksToggleTriangle" class="small" style="color: white; display: table-cell;">▼</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">External Links</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</h4>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimGenome">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimGenomeLinksFold" id="mimGenomeLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<span id="mimGenomeLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">►</span> Genome
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimGenomeLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="genome">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Location/View?db=core;g=ENSG00000167985;t=ENST00000301761" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Ensembl', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/gdv/browser/gene/?id=54949" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Detailed views of the complete genomes of selected organisms from vertebrates to protozoa." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Genome Viewer', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Genome Viewer</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&hgFind=omimGeneAcc&position=613019" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Browser; reference sequences and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC Genome Browser', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC Genome Browser</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimDna">
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<a href="#mimDnaLinksFold" id="mimDnaLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<span id="mimDnaLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">►</span> DNA
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</a>
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<div id="mimDnaLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Transcript/Sequence_cDNA?db=core;g=ENSG00000167985;t=ENST00000301761" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Transcript-based views for coding and noncoding DNA." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Ensembl', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl (MANE Select)</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_017841" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A collection of genome, gene, and transcript sequence data from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI RefSeq', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih'})">NCBI RefSeq</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_017841" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A collection of genome, gene, and transcript sequence data from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI RefSeq (MANE)', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih'})">NCBI RefSeq (MANE Select)</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&hgFind=omimGeneAcc&position=613019" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Browser; reference sequences and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC Genome Browser', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC Genome Browser</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimProtein">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimProteinLinksFold" id="mimProteinLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<span id="mimProteinLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">►</span> Protein
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimProteinLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://hprd.org/summary?hprd_id=07915&isoform_id=07915_1&isoform_name=Isoform_1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Protein Reference Database; manually extracted and visually depicted information on human proteins." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HPRD', 'domain': 'hprd.org'})">HPRD</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.proteinatlas.org/search/SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Protein Atlas contains information for a large majority of all human protein-coding genes regarding the expression and localization of the corresponding proteins based on both RNA and protein data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HumanProteinAtlas', 'domain': 'proteinatlas.org'})">Human Protein Atlas</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/7020622,8923450,12803061,74734683,119594357" class="mim-tip-hint" title="NCBI protein data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Protein', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Protein</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9NX18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Comprehensive protein sequence and functional information, including supporting data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UniProt', 'domain': 'uniprot.org'})">UniProt</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimGeneInfo">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimGeneInfoLinksFold" id="mimGeneInfoLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimGeneInfoLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Gene Info</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimGeneInfoLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="http://biogps.org/#goto=genereport&id=54949" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Gene Portal Hub; customizable portal of gene and protein function information." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'BioGPS', 'domain': 'biogps.org'})">BioGPS</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000167985;t=ENST00000301761" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Orthologs, paralogs, regulatory regions, and splice variants." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Ensembl', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Genome Compendium; web-based cards integrating automatically mined information on human genes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GeneCards', 'domain': 'genecards.org'})">GeneCards</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/search/annotation?q=SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Terms, defined using controlled vocabulary, representing gene product properties (biologic process, cellular component, molecular function) across species." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GeneOntology', 'domain': 'amigo.geneontology.org'})">Gene Ontology</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa+54949" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; diagrams of signaling pathways." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'KEGG', 'domain': 'genome.jp'})">KEGG</a></div>
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<dd><a href="http://v1.marrvel.org/search/gene/SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MARRVEL', 'domain': 'marrvel.org'})">MARRVEL</a></dd>
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<dd><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/NCBIGene:54949" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Monarch Initiative." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Monarch', 'domain': 'monarchinitiative.org'})">Monarch</a></dd>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/54949" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Gene-specific map, sequence, expression, structure, function, citation, and homology data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Gene', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Gene</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGene?db=hg38&hgg_chrom=chr11&hgg_gene=ENST00000541135.5&hgg_start=61430124&hgg_end=61446733&hgg_type=knownGene" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Bioinformatics; gene-specific structure and function information with links to other databases." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimClinicalResources">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimClinicalResourcesLinksFold" id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Clinical Resources</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="clinicalResources">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://search.clinicalgenome.org/kb/gene-dosage/HGNC:26034" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A ClinGen curated resource of genes and regions of the genome that are dosage sensitive and should be targeted on a cytogenomic array." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinGen Dosage', 'domain': 'dosage.clinicalgenome.org'})">ClinGen Dosage</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://search.clinicalgenome.org/kb/genes/HGNC:26034" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A ClinGen curated resource of ratings for the strength of evidence supporting or refuting the clinical validity of the claim(s) that variation in a particular gene causes disease." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinGen Validity', 'domain': 'search.clinicalgenome.org'})">ClinGen Validity</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/sdhaf2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Consumer-friendly information about the effects of genetic variation on human health." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MedlinePlus Genetics', 'domain': 'medlineplus.gov'})">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/all/tests/?term=613019[mim]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genetic Testing Registry." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GTR', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">GTR</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimVariation">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimVariationLinksFold" id="mimVariationLinksToggle" class=" mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<span id="mimVariationLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">▼</span> Variation
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimVariationLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse in mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar?term=613019[MIM]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="ClinVar aggregates information about sequence variation and its relationship to human health." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinVar', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">ClinVar</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/gene/ENSG00000167985" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), Broad Institute." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'gnomAD', 'domain': 'gnomad.broadinstitute.org'})">gnomAD</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/search?query=SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="GWAS Catalog; NHGRI-EBI Catalog of published genome-wide association studies." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GWAS Catalog', 'domain': 'gwascatalog.org'})">GWAS Catalog </a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.gwascentral.org/search?q=SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="GWAS Central; summary level genotype-to-phenotype information from genetic association studies." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GWAS Central', 'domain': 'gwascentral.org'})">GWAS Central </a></div>
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<div><a href="http://www.hgmd.cf.ac.uk/ac/gene.php?gene=SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Human Gene Mutation Database; published mutations causing or associated with human inherited disease; disease-associated/functional polymorphisms." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HGMD', 'domain': 'hgmd.cf.ac.uk'})">HGMD</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://www.LOVD.nl/SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A gene-specific database of variation." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Locus Specific DB', 'domain': 'locus-specific-db.org'})">Locus Specific DBs</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://evs.gs.washington.edu/EVS/PopStatsServlet?searchBy=Gene+Hugo&target=SDHAF2&upstreamSize=0&downstreamSize=0&x=0&y=0" class="mim-tip-hint" title="National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Exome Variant Server." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NHLBI EVS', 'domain': 'evs.gs.washington.edu'})">NHLBI EVS</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.pharmgkb.org/gene/PA165543618" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base; curated and annotated information regarding the effects of human genetic variations on drug response." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PharmGKB', 'domain': 'pharmgkb.org'})">PharmGKB</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimAnimalModels">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Animal Models</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.alliancegenome.org/gene/HGNC:26034" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Search Across Species; explore model organism and human comparative genomics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Alliance Genome', 'domain': 'alliancegenome.org'})">Alliance Genome</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://flybase.org/reports/FBgn0033274.html" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A Database of Drosophila Genes and Genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'FlyBase', 'domain': 'flybase.org'})">FlyBase</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.mousephenotype.org/data/genes/MGI:1913322" class="mim-tip-hint" title="International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'IMPC', 'domain': 'knockoutmouse.org'})">IMPC</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://v1.marrvel.org/search/gene/SDHAF2#HomologGenesPanel" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MARRVEL', 'domain': 'marrvel.org'})">MARRVEL</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:1913322" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Mouse Genome Informatics; international database resource for the laboratory mouse, including integrated genetic, genomic, and biological data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MGI Mouse Gene', 'domain': 'informatics.jax.org'})">MGI Mouse Gene</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.mmrrc.org/catalog/StrainCatalogSearchForm.php?search_query=" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Mutant Mouse Resource & Research Centers." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MMRRC', 'domain': 'mmrrc.org'})">MMRRC</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/54949/ortholog/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Orthologous genes at NCBI." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Orthologs', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Orthologs</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.orthodb.org/?ncbi=54949" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Hierarchical catalogue of orthologs." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrthoDB', 'domain': 'orthodb.org'})">OrthoDB</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://wormbase.org/db/gene/gene?name=WBGene00013269;class=Gene" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Database of the biology and genome of Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name'{'name': 'Wormbase Gene', 'domain': 'wormbase.org'})">Wormbase Gene</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://zfin.org/ZDB-GENE-030131-7564" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Zebrafish Model Organism Database." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ZFin', 'domain': 'zfin.org'})">ZFin</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimCellularPathways">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimCellularPathwaysLinksFold" id="mimCellularPathwaysLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
|
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimCellularPathwaysLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Cellular Pathways</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimCellularPathwaysLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://reactome.org/content/query?q=SDHAF2&species=Homo+sapiens&types=Reaction&types=Pathway&cluster=true" class="definition" title="Protein-specific information in the context of relevant cellular pathways." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {{'name': 'Reactome', 'domain': 'reactome.org'}})">Reactome</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<span>
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<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>Looking for this gene or this phenotype in other resources?</strong>" qtip_text="Select a related resource from the dropdown menu and click for a targeted link to information directly relevant.">
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div class="col-lg-8 col-lg-pull-2 col-md-8 col-md-pull-2 col-sm-8 col-sm-pull-2 col-xs-12">
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<div>
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<a id="title" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div>
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<a id="number" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="text-right">
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</div>
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<div>
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<span class="h3">
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<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Gene description">
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<span class="text-danger"><strong>*</strong></span>
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613019
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h3>
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<span class="mim-font">
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SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX ASSEMBLY FACTOR 2; SDHAF2
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</span>
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</h3>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<div>
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<a id="alternativeTitles" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div>
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<p>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
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</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div>
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<h4>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE 5; SDH5<br />
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CHROMOSOME 11 OPEN READING FRAME 79; C11ORF79
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</span>
|
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</h4>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<a id="approvedGeneSymbols" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<strong><em>HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: <a href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/genes?query=SDHAF2" class="mim-tip-hint" title="HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HGNC', 'domain': 'genenames.org'})">SDHAF2</a></em></strong>
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</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div>
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<a id="cytogeneticLocation" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<strong>
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<em>
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Cytogenetic location: <a href="/geneMap/11/456?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=456">11q12.2</a>
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Genomic coordinates <span class="small">(GRCh38)</span> : <a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&position=chr11:61430124-61446733&dgv=pack&knownGene=pack&omimGene=pack" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Browser; reference sequences and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC Genome Browser', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">11:61,430,124-61,446,733</a> </span>
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</em>
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</strong>
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<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" target="_blank" class="small"> (from NCBI) </a>
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</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<div>
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<a id="geneMap" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
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<div style="margin-bottom: 10px;">
|
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<span class="h4 mim-font">
|
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<strong>Gene-Phenotype Relationships</strong>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div>
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<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover small mim-table-padding">
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<thead>
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<tr class="active">
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<th>
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Location
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> MIM number
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</th>
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<th>
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Inheritance
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> mapping key
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</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
|
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<td rowspan="1">
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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<a href="/geneMap/11/456?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=456">
|
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11q12.2
|
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</a>
|
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
|
Pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 2
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
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|
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<a href="/entry/601650"> 601650 </a>
|
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|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
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|
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known">3</abbr>
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</span>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div class="btn-group">
|
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
PheneGene Graphics <span class="caret"></span>
|
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</button>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu" style="width: 17em;">
|
|
<li><a href="/graph/linear/613019" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Linear'})"> Linear </a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="/graph/radial/613019" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Radial'})"> Radial </a></li>
|
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</ul>
|
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</div>
|
|
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign mim-tip-hint" title="OMIM PheneGene graphics depict relationships between phenotypes, groups of related phenotypes (Phenotypic Series), and genes.<br /><a href='/static/omim/pdf/OMIM_Graphics.pdf' target='_blank'>A quick reference overview and guide (PDF)</a>"></span>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<div>
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<a id="text" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
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<span class="mim-tip-floating" qtip_title="<strong>Looking For More References?</strong>" qtip_text="Click the 'reference plus' icon <span class='glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign'></span> at the end of each OMIM text paragraph to see more references related to the content of the preceding paragraph.">
|
|
<strong>TEXT</strong>
|
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</span>
|
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</span>
|
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</h4>
|
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<div>
|
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<a id="description" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
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<h4 href="#mimDescriptionFold" id="mimDescriptionToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<p>The SDHAF2 gene encodes a protein necessary for the flavination of the succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit SDHA (<a href="/entry/600857">600857</a>) and thus for SDH activity (<a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hao, H.-X., Khalimonchuk, O., Schraders, M., Dephoure, N., Bayley, J.-P., Kunst, H., Devilee, P., Cremers, C. W. R. J., Schiffman, J. D., Bentz, B. G., Gygi, S. P., Winge, D. R., Kremer H., Rutter, J. <strong>SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma.</strong> Science 325: 1139-1142, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19628817/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19628817</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19628817[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19628817">Hao et al., 2009</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19628817" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>By screening for proteins with sequence similarity to yeast Sdh5, <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hao, H.-X., Khalimonchuk, O., Schraders, M., Dephoure, N., Bayley, J.-P., Kunst, H., Devilee, P., Cremers, C. W. R. J., Schiffman, J. D., Bentz, B. G., Gygi, S. P., Winge, D. R., Kremer H., Rutter, J. <strong>SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma.</strong> Science 325: 1139-1142, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19628817/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19628817</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19628817[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19628817">Hao et al. (2009)</a> identified human SDH5 as C11ORF79. The amino acid sequence of yeast Sdh5 is 44% identical from residues 33 to 158 of 163 to its human ortholog. The human SDH5 gene encodes a highly conserved 167-amino acid protein. Yeast Sdh5 localizes to the mitochondrial matrix. Both yeast and human SDH5 interact with the catalytic subunit of the succinate dehydrogenase complex, a component of both the electron transport chain and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. SDH5 is required for SDH-dependent respiration and for flavination (incorporation of the flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor) of SDH1 (SDHA). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19628817" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p><a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hao, H.-X., Khalimonchuk, O., Schraders, M., Dephoure, N., Bayley, J.-P., Kunst, H., Devilee, P., Cremers, C. W. R. J., Schiffman, J. D., Bentz, B. G., Gygi, S. P., Winge, D. R., Kremer H., Rutter, J. <strong>SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma.</strong> Science 325: 1139-1142, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19628817/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19628817</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19628817[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19628817">Hao et al. (2009)</a> mapped the SDHAF2 gene to chromosome 11q13.1 by genomic sequence analysis. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19628817" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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In a large Dutch family with hereditary paragangliomas (PPGL2; <a href="/entry/601650">601650</a>), originally described by <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="van Baars, F., Cremers, C., van den Broek, P., Geerts, S., Veldman, J. <strong>Genetic aspects of nonchromaffin paraganglioma.</strong> Hum. Genet. 60: 305-309, 1982.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6286462/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">6286462</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00569208" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="6286462">van Baars et al. (1982)</a>, <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hao, H.-X., Khalimonchuk, O., Schraders, M., Dephoure, N., Bayley, J.-P., Kunst, H., Devilee, P., Cremers, C. W. R. J., Schiffman, J. D., Bentz, B. G., Gygi, S. P., Winge, D. R., Kremer H., Rutter, J. <strong>SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma.</strong> Science 325: 1139-1142, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19628817/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19628817</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19628817[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19628817">Hao et al. (2009)</a> found a missense mutation in the SDH5 gene in the most conserved region of the protein that segregated with the phenotype (G78R; <a href="#0001">613019.0001</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=6286462+19628817" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar?term=613019[MIM]" class="btn btn-default mim-tip-hint" role="button" title="ClinVar aggregates information about sequence variation and its relationship to human health." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinVar', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">ClinVar</a>
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<div class="btn-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs dropdown-toggle mim-font" data-toggle="dropdown">rs113560320 <span class="caret"></span></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Variation/Summary?v=rs113560320;toggle_HGVS_names=open" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp/?term=rs113560320" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI</a></li> <li><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&db=hg38&clinvar=pack&omimAvSnp=pack&position=rs113560320" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC</a></li> </ul> </div>
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<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar?term=RCV000000428 OR RCV000165971 OR RCV000519058 OR RCV000639339" target="_blank" class="btn btn-default btn-xs mim-tip-hint" title="RCV000000428, RCV000165971, RCV000519058, RCV000639339" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinVar', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">RCV000000428...</a>
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<p>In a large Dutch family, originally described by <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="van Baars, F., Cremers, C., van den Broek, P., Geerts, S., Veldman, J. <strong>Genetic aspects of nonchromaffin paraganglioma.</strong> Hum. Genet. 60: 305-309, 1982.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6286462/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">6286462</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00569208" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="6286462">van Baars et al. (1982)</a>, segregating autosomal dominant paraganglioma (PPGL2; <a href="/entry/601650">601650</a>), <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hao, H.-X., Khalimonchuk, O., Schraders, M., Dephoure, N., Bayley, J.-P., Kunst, H., Devilee, P., Cremers, C. W. R. J., Schiffman, J. D., Bentz, B. G., Gygi, S. P., Winge, D. R., Kremer H., Rutter, J. <strong>SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma.</strong> Science 325: 1139-1142, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19628817/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19628817</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19628817[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19628817">Hao et al. (2009)</a> identified a G-to-A transition at nucleotide 232 of exon 2 of the SDHAF2 gene, resulting in a gly-to-arg substitution at codon 78 (G78R). This mutation was not found in 400 unaffected control individuals and segregated with the phenotype in the family. Thirty-three individuals with the mutation had developed the disease, but not 7 individuals (median age 74 years) who had inherited the mutation from their mothers. This suggested an SDHD (<a href="/entry/602690">602690</a>)-like parent of origin-specific inheritance. Only 5 individuals (median age 42 years) with a paternal mutation had not developed overt paraganglioma. This reduced penetrance was thought to relate to young age and/or presence of undetected tumors. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=6286462+19628817" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hao, H.-X., Khalimonchuk, O., Schraders, M., Dephoure, N., Bayley, J.-P., Kunst, H., Devilee, P., Cremers, C. W. R. J., Schiffman, J. D., Bentz, B. G., Gygi, S. P., Winge, D. R., Kremer H., Rutter, J. <strong>SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma.</strong> Science 325: 1139-1142, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19628817/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19628817</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19628817[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19628817">Hao et al. (2009)</a> found that flavination of SDHA (<a href="/entry/600857">600857</a>) was decreased by approximately 95% in tumors from 3 patients with the PGL2 G78R mutation in comparison with control tumors from 2 sporadic PGL patients or with cultured human embryonic kidney and hepatoma cells and mouse skeletal cells and liver tissue. Mitochondrial localization of SDH5 was not compromised by this mutation. However, SDH5-G78R dramatically impaired the interaction of SDH5 with SDHA and slightly decreased the level of SDH5 protein. Human SDH5 was able to complement the yeast Sdh5 deletion glycerol growth defect, but human SDH5 carrying the G78R mutant had no effect. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19628817" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hensen, E. F., van Duinen, N., Jansen, J. C., Corssmit, E. P. M., Tops, C. M. J., Romijn, J. A., Vriends, A. H. J. T., van der Mey, A. G. L., Cornelisse, C. J., Devilee, P., Bayley, J. P. <strong>High prevalence of founder mutations of the succinate dehydrogenase genes in the Netherlands.</strong> Clin. Genet. 81: 284-288, 2012.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21348866/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">21348866</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01653.x" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="21348866">Hensen et al. (2012)</a> identified the Dutch founder G78R mutation in 46 cases from 4 Dutch families out of a larger cohort of 1,045 patients from 340 Dutch families with paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=21348866" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<div class="btn-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs dropdown-toggle mim-font" data-toggle="dropdown"><span class="text-primary">●</span> rs113652589 <span class="caret"></span></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Variation/Summary?v=rs113652589;toggle_HGVS_names=open" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl</a></li> <li><a href="https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/rs113652589?dataset=gnomad_r2_1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'gnomad.broadinstitute.org'})" style="padding-left: 8px;"><span class="text-primary">●</span> gnomAD</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp/?term=rs113652589" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI</a></li> <li><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&db=hg38&clinvar=pack&omimAvSnp=pack&position=rs113652589" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC</a></li> </ul> </div>
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<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar?term=RCV000128615 OR RCV000374390 OR RCV000424465 OR RCV002426693" target="_blank" class="btn btn-default btn-xs mim-tip-hint" title="RCV000128615, RCV000374390, RCV000424465, RCV002426693" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinVar', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">RCV000128615...</a>
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<p>This variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance because its contribution to pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome (PPGL2; <a href="/entry/601650">601650</a>) has not been confirmed.</p><p>In 2 unrelated adults with isolated adrenal pheochromocytoma and no family history of a cancer susceptibility syndrome, <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Casey, R., Garrahy, A., Tuthill, A., O'Halloran, D., Joyce, C., Casey, M. B., O'Shea, P., Bell, M. <strong>Universal genetic screening uncovers a novel presentation of an SDHAF2 mutation.</strong> J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 99: E1392-1396, 2014.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24712571/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24712571</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-4536" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="24712571">Casey et al. (2014)</a> identified a heterozygous c.12C-T transition in the 3-prime untranslated region of the SDHAF2 gene. Functional studies of the variant were not performed. The patients were part of a larger retrospective study of 31 individuals with pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas who underwent sequencing of several candidate susceptibility genes. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24712571" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<span id="mimReferencesToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
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<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
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<a id="1" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Casey2014" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Casey, R., Garrahy, A., Tuthill, A., O'Halloran, D., Joyce, C., Casey, M. B., O'Shea, P., Bell, M.
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<strong>Universal genetic screening uncovers a novel presentation of an SDHAF2 mutation.</strong>
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J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 99: E1392-1396, 2014.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24712571/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">24712571</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=24712571" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-4536" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="2" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Hao2009" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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Hao, H.-X., Khalimonchuk, O., Schraders, M., Dephoure, N., Bayley, J.-P., Kunst, H., Devilee, P., Cremers, C. W. R. J., Schiffman, J. D., Bentz, B. G., Gygi, S. P., Winge, D. R., Kremer H., Rutter, J.
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<strong>SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma.</strong>
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Science 325: 1139-1142, 2009.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19628817/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19628817</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19628817[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19628817" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175689" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Hensen2012" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Hensen, E. F., van Duinen, N., Jansen, J. C., Corssmit, E. P. M., Tops, C. M. J., Romijn, J. A., Vriends, A. H. J. T., van der Mey, A. G. L., Cornelisse, C. J., Devilee, P., Bayley, J. P.
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<strong>High prevalence of founder mutations of the succinate dehydrogenase genes in the Netherlands.</strong>
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Clin. Genet. 81: 284-288, 2012.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21348866/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">21348866</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=21348866" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01653.x" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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</p>
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<li>
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<a id="4" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="van Baars1982" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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van Baars, F., Cremers, C., van den Broek, P., Geerts, S., Veldman, J.
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<strong>Genetic aspects of nonchromaffin paraganglioma.</strong>
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Hum. Genet. 60: 305-309, 1982.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6286462/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">6286462</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=6286462" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00569208" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 7/14/2014
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 4/11/2012
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Creation Date:
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Ada Hamosh : 9/16/2009
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<a href="#mimCollapseEditHistory" role="button" data-toggle="collapse"> Edit History: </a>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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carol : 10/17/2023
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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carol : 07/14/2014<br>ckniffin : 7/14/2014<br>terry : 4/11/2012<br>ckniffin : 4/11/2012<br>alopez : 9/17/2009
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>*</strong> 613019
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<h3>
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SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX ASSEMBLY FACTOR 2; SDHAF2
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</h3>
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<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
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SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE 5; SDH5<br />
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CHROMOSOME 11 OPEN READING FRAME 79; C11ORF79
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<strong><em>HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: SDHAF2</em></strong>
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<strong>
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<em>
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Cytogenetic location: 11q12.2
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Genomic coordinates <span class="small">(GRCh38)</span> : 11:61,430,124-61,446,733 </span>
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</em>
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</strong>
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<span class="small">(from NCBI)</span>
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</span>
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<strong>Gene-Phenotype Relationships</strong>
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<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed small mim-table-padding">
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<thead>
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Location
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Phenotype
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</th>
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Phenotype <br /> MIM number
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Inheritance
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> mapping key
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<span class="mim-font">
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11q12.2
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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Pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 2
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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601650
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<span class="mim-font">
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Autosomal dominant
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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3
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Description</strong>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>The SDHAF2 gene encodes a protein necessary for the flavination of the succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit SDHA (600857) and thus for SDH activity (Hao et al., 2009). </p>
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</span>
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<div>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Cloning and Expression</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>By screening for proteins with sequence similarity to yeast Sdh5, Hao et al. (2009) identified human SDH5 as C11ORF79. The amino acid sequence of yeast Sdh5 is 44% identical from residues 33 to 158 of 163 to its human ortholog. The human SDH5 gene encodes a highly conserved 167-amino acid protein. Yeast Sdh5 localizes to the mitochondrial matrix. Both yeast and human SDH5 interact with the catalytic subunit of the succinate dehydrogenase complex, a component of both the electron transport chain and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. SDH5 is required for SDH-dependent respiration and for flavination (incorporation of the flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor) of SDH1 (SDHA). </p>
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</span>
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<div>
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<br />
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Mapping</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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</div>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Hao et al. (2009) mapped the SDHAF2 gene to chromosome 11q13.1 by genomic sequence analysis. </p>
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<div>
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<br />
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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</div>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p><strong><em>Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Syndrome 2</em></strong></p><p>
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In a large Dutch family with hereditary paragangliomas (PPGL2; 601650), originally described by van Baars et al. (1982), Hao et al. (2009) found a missense mutation in the SDH5 gene in the most conserved region of the protein that segregated with the phenotype (G78R; 613019.0001). </p>
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</span>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<div>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>ALLELIC VARIANTS</strong>
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</span>
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<strong>2 Selected Examples):</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<div>
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<p />
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>.0001 PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA/PARAGANGLIOMA SYNDROME 2</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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</div>
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<div>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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SDHAF2, GLY78ARG
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<br />
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SNP: rs113560320,
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ClinVar: RCV000000428, RCV000165971, RCV000519058, RCV000639339
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</span>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>In a large Dutch family, originally described by van Baars et al. (1982), segregating autosomal dominant paraganglioma (PPGL2; 601650), Hao et al. (2009) identified a G-to-A transition at nucleotide 232 of exon 2 of the SDHAF2 gene, resulting in a gly-to-arg substitution at codon 78 (G78R). This mutation was not found in 400 unaffected control individuals and segregated with the phenotype in the family. Thirty-three individuals with the mutation had developed the disease, but not 7 individuals (median age 74 years) who had inherited the mutation from their mothers. This suggested an SDHD (602690)-like parent of origin-specific inheritance. Only 5 individuals (median age 42 years) with a paternal mutation had not developed overt paraganglioma. This reduced penetrance was thought to relate to young age and/or presence of undetected tumors. </p><p>Hao et al. (2009) found that flavination of SDHA (600857) was decreased by approximately 95% in tumors from 3 patients with the PGL2 G78R mutation in comparison with control tumors from 2 sporadic PGL patients or with cultured human embryonic kidney and hepatoma cells and mouse skeletal cells and liver tissue. Mitochondrial localization of SDH5 was not compromised by this mutation. However, SDH5-G78R dramatically impaired the interaction of SDH5 with SDHA and slightly decreased the level of SDH5 protein. Human SDH5 was able to complement the yeast Sdh5 deletion glycerol growth defect, but human SDH5 carrying the G78R mutant had no effect. </p><p>Hensen et al. (2012) identified the Dutch founder G78R mutation in 46 cases from 4 Dutch families out of a larger cohort of 1,045 patients from 340 Dutch families with paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma. </p>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>.0002 VARIANT OF UNKNOWN SIGNIFICANCE</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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</div>
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<div>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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SDHAF2, 12C-T
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<br />
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SNP: rs113652589,
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gnomAD: rs113652589,
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ClinVar: RCV000128615, RCV000374390, RCV000424465, RCV002426693
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</span>
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</div>
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<div>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>This variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance because its contribution to pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome (PPGL2; 601650) has not been confirmed.</p><p>In 2 unrelated adults with isolated adrenal pheochromocytoma and no family history of a cancer susceptibility syndrome, Casey et al. (2014) identified a heterozygous c.12C-T transition in the 3-prime untranslated region of the SDHAF2 gene. Functional studies of the variant were not performed. The patients were part of a larger retrospective study of 31 individuals with pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas who underwent sequencing of several candidate susceptibility genes. </p>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<div>
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<p />
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</div>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Casey, R., Garrahy, A., Tuthill, A., O'Halloran, D., Joyce, C., Casey, M. B., O'Shea, P., Bell, M.
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<strong>Universal genetic screening uncovers a novel presentation of an SDHAF2 mutation.</strong>
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J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 99: E1392-1396, 2014.
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[PubMed: 24712571]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-4536]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Hao, H.-X., Khalimonchuk, O., Schraders, M., Dephoure, N., Bayley, J.-P., Kunst, H., Devilee, P., Cremers, C. W. R. J., Schiffman, J. D., Bentz, B. G., Gygi, S. P., Winge, D. R., Kremer H., Rutter, J.
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<strong>SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma.</strong>
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Science 325: 1139-1142, 2009.
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[PubMed: 19628817]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175689]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Hensen, E. F., van Duinen, N., Jansen, J. C., Corssmit, E. P. M., Tops, C. M. J., Romijn, J. A., Vriends, A. H. J. T., van der Mey, A. G. L., Cornelisse, C. J., Devilee, P., Bayley, J. P.
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<strong>High prevalence of founder mutations of the succinate dehydrogenase genes in the Netherlands.</strong>
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Clin. Genet. 81: 284-288, 2012.
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[PubMed: 21348866]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01653.x]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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van Baars, F., Cremers, C., van den Broek, P., Geerts, S., Veldman, J.
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<strong>Genetic aspects of nonchromaffin paraganglioma.</strong>
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Hum. Genet. 60: 305-309, 1982.
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[PubMed: 6286462]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00569208]
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</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
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Contributors:
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 7/14/2014<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 4/11/2012
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</div>
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Creation Date:
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Ada Hamosh : 9/16/2009
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carol : 10/17/2023<br>carol : 07/14/2014<br>ckniffin : 7/14/2014<br>terry : 4/11/2012<br>ckniffin : 4/11/2012<br>alopez : 9/17/2009
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