nih-gov/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/605337

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- *605337 - COMPLEMENT FACTOR H-RELATED 4; CFHR4
- OMIM
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<span class="h4">*605337</span>
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<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
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<a href="#cloning">Cloning and Expression</a>
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<a href="#geneStructure">Gene Structure</a>
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<a href="#geneFunction">Gene Function</a>
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<a href="#mapping">Mapping</a>
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<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
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<a href="#contributors"><strong>Contributors</strong></a>
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<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
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<a id="title" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<span class="h3">
<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Gene description">
<span class="text-danger"><strong>*</strong></span>
605337
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<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h3>
<span class="mim-font">
COMPLEMENT FACTOR H-RELATED 4; CFHR4
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<a id="alternativeTitles" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
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<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
FACTOR H-RELATED GENE 4; FHR4<br />
CFHL4
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<a id="includedTitles" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Other entities represented in this entry:
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FHR-4A, INCLUDED
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<span class="h4 mim-font">
FHR-4B, INCLUDED
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<a id="approvedGeneSymbols" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<strong><em>HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: <a href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/genes?query=CFHR4" class="mim-tip-hint" title="HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HGNC', 'domain': 'genenames.org'})">CFHR4</a></em></strong>
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<a id="cytogeneticLocation" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
<strong>
<em>
Cytogenetic location: <a href="/geneMap/1/1531?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=1531">1q31.3</a>
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Genomic coordinates <span class="small">(GRCh38)</span> : <a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&position=chr1:196888052-196918633&dgv=pack&knownGene=pack&omimGene=pack" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Browser; reference sequences and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC Genome Browser', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">1:196,888,052-196,918,633</a> </span>
</em>
</strong>
<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" target="_blank" class="small"> (from NCBI) </a>
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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<strong>Cloning and Expression</strong>
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<p>Human complement factor H (CFH; <a href="/entry/134370">134370</a>) and 5 factor H-related proteins, CFHR1 (<a href="/entry/134371">134371</a>), CFHR2 (<a href="/entry/600889">600889</a>), CFHR3 (<a href="/entry/605336">605336</a>), CFHR4, and CFHR5 (<a href="/entry/608593">608593</a>), are exclusively composed of highly-related short consensus repeats (SCRs), each of which contains 4 cysteine residues and additional conserved amino acids. By biochemical purification of an apoprotein from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, followed by partial amino acid sequence analysis and screening of a liver cDNA library with a CFHR3 probe, <a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Skerka, C., Hellwage, J., Weber, W., Tilkorn, A., Buck, F., Marti, T., Kampen, E., Beisiegel, U., Zipfel, P. F. &lt;strong&gt;The human factor H-related protein 4 (FHR4): a novel short consensus repeat-containing protein is associated with human triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.&lt;/strong&gt; J. Biol. Chem. 272: 5627-5634, 1997.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9038172/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;9038172&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.9.5627&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="9038172">Skerka et al. (1997)</a> isolated a cDNA encoding CFHR4. The deduced 331-amino acid protein contains a potential 19-amino acid signal peptide, 4 potential N-linked glycosylation sites, and 5 SCRs. The CFHR4 SCRs share sequence identities of 63 to 70% with those of CFH, except for SCR 5, which is only 39% identical to SCR 20 of CFH. The CFHR4 C-terminal SCRs are over 93% identical to those of CFHR3. Northern blot analysis of liver RNA revealed expression of 1.4-, 2.2-, and 2.5-kb transcripts, with the shorter transcript predicted to be CFHR4 specific. Western blot analysis showed that CFHR4 in serum is an 86-kD dimeric protein and a 63-kD monomeric protein after extensive reducing treatment, whereas the recombinant proteins are 84 kD and 42 kD, suggesting that the difference is due to carbohydrate attachment. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9038172" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Jozsi, M., Richter, H., Loschmann, I., Skerka, C., Buck, F., Beisiegel, U., Erdei, A., Zipfel, P. F. &lt;strong&gt;FHR-4A: a new factor H-related protein is encoded by the human FHR-4 gene.&lt;/strong&gt; Europ. J. Hum. Genet. 13: 321-329, 2005.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15562282/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;15562282&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201324&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="15562282">Jozsi et al. (2005)</a> found that 2 distinct mRNA transcripts are derived from the FHR4 gene by alternative splicing. The short form, which they called FHR-4B, is a truncated variant and encodes a secreted protein of 5 complement control protein (CCP) domains, and was the form previously designated FHR4. The long transcript, FHR-4A, encodes a protein composed of 9 complement control protein (CCP) domains. FHR-4A has a tandem arrangement of 4 CCP domains forming a 'natural dimer' of the FHR-4B isoform. The FHR-4A protein was identified in human plasma as an 86-kD protein. The difference between the predicted and observed molecular masses was explained by glycosylation. <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Jozsi, M., Richter, H., Loschmann, I., Skerka, C., Buck, F., Beisiegel, U., Erdei, A., Zipfel, P. F. &lt;strong&gt;FHR-4A: a new factor H-related protein is encoded by the human FHR-4 gene.&lt;/strong&gt; Europ. J. Hum. Genet. 13: 321-329, 2005.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15562282/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;15562282&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201324&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="15562282">Jozsi et al. (2005)</a> compared the deduced protein sequence of FHR-4A with peptides from an 86-kD apolipoprotein, described by <a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Skerka, C., Hellwage, J., Weber, W., Tilkorn, A., Buck, F., Marti, T., Kampen, E., Beisiegel, U., Zipfel, P. F. &lt;strong&gt;The human factor H-related protein 4 (FHR4): a novel short consensus repeat-containing protein is associated with human triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.&lt;/strong&gt; J. Biol. Chem. 272: 5627-5634, 1997.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9038172/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;9038172&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.9.5627&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="9038172">Skerka et al. (1997)</a>, and suggested that the long form, FHR-4A, represents this apolipoprotein. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=15562282+9038172" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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</div>
<div>
<a id="geneStructure" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimGeneStructureFold" id="mimGeneStructureToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Gene Structure</strong>
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<p>By genomic analysis, <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Jozsi, M., Richter, H., Loschmann, I., Skerka, C., Buck, F., Beisiegel, U., Erdei, A., Zipfel, P. F. &lt;strong&gt;FHR-4A: a new factor H-related protein is encoded by the human FHR-4 gene.&lt;/strong&gt; Europ. J. Hum. Genet. 13: 321-329, 2005.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15562282/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;15562282&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201324&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="15562282">Jozsi et al. (2005)</a> determined that the FHR4 gene is composed of 10 exons. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=15562282" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<a id="geneFunction" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimGeneFunctionFold" id="mimGeneFunctionToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span id="mimGeneFunctionToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Gene Function</strong>
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<p><a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hellwage, J., Jokiranta, T. S., Koistinen, V., Vaarala, O., Meri, S., Zipfel, P. F. &lt;strong&gt;Functional properties of complement factor H-related proteins FHR-3 and FHR-4: binding to the C3d region of C3b and differential regulation by heparin.&lt;/strong&gt; FEBS Lett. 462: 345-352, 1999.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10622723/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;10622723&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/s0014-5793(99)01554-9&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="10622723">Hellwage et al. (1999)</a> determined that CFHR4, unlike CFHR3, does not bind to heparin. However, Biacore (surface plasmon resonance) and opsonization analyses showed that both proteins bind to C3b and C3d but not to C3c. Both CFHR3 and CFHR4 enhance the cofactor activity of factor H in C3b inactivation. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10622723" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<br />
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</div>
<div>
<a id="mapping" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimMappingFold" id="mimMappingToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span id="mimMappingToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Mapping</strong>
</span>
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<div id="mimMappingFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>By radiation hybrid analysis, <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Diaz-Guillen, M. A., Rodriguez de Cordoba, S., Heine-Suner, D. &lt;strong&gt;A radiation hybrid map of complement factor H and factor H-related genes.&lt;/strong&gt; Immunogenetics 49: 549-552, 1999.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10380701/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;10380701&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1007/s002510050534&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="10380701">Diaz-Guillen et al. (1999)</a> and <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="McRae, J. L., Murphy, B. E., Eyre, H. J., Sutherland, G. R., Crawford, J., Cowan, P. J. &lt;strong&gt;Location and structure of the human FHR-5 gene.&lt;/strong&gt; Genetica 114: 157-161, 2002.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12041828/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;12041828&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015114512924&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="12041828">McRae et al. (2002)</a> determined that the 5 factor H-related genes are all closely linked to the CFH gene on chromosome 1q31-q32.1. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=10380701+12041828" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<a id="references"class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimReferencesFold" id="mimReferencesToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span class="mim-font">
<span id="mimReferencesToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
</span>
</h4>
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<p />
</div>
<div id="mimReferencesFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
<ol>
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<a id="1" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Diaz-Guillen1999" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
Diaz-Guillen, M. A., Rodriguez de Cordoba, S., Heine-Suner, D.
<strong>A radiation hybrid map of complement factor H and factor H-related genes.</strong>
Immunogenetics 49: 549-552, 1999.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10380701/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">10380701</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10380701" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002510050534" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<a id="2" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Hellwage1999" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
Hellwage, J., Jokiranta, T. S., Koistinen, V., Vaarala, O., Meri, S., Zipfel, P. F.
<strong>Functional properties of complement factor H-related proteins FHR-3 and FHR-4: binding to the C3d region of C3b and differential regulation by heparin.</strong>
FEBS Lett. 462: 345-352, 1999.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10622723/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">10622723</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10622723" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s0014-5793(99)01554-9" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
</p>
</div>
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<a id="3" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Jozsi2005" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
Jozsi, M., Richter, H., Loschmann, I., Skerka, C., Buck, F., Beisiegel, U., Erdei, A., Zipfel, P. F.
<strong>FHR-4A: a new factor H-related protein is encoded by the human FHR-4 gene.</strong>
Europ. J. Hum. Genet. 13: 321-329, 2005.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15562282/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">15562282</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=15562282" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201324" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<a id="4" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="McRae2002" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
McRae, J. L., Murphy, B. E., Eyre, H. J., Sutherland, G. R., Crawford, J., Cowan, P. J.
<strong>Location and structure of the human FHR-5 gene.</strong>
Genetica 114: 157-161, 2002.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12041828/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">12041828</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=12041828" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015114512924" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<a id="5" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Skerka1997" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
Skerka, C., Hellwage, J., Weber, W., Tilkorn, A., Buck, F., Marti, T., Kampen, E., Beisiegel, U., Zipfel, P. F.
<strong>The human factor H-related protein 4 (FHR4): a novel short consensus repeat-containing protein is associated with human triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.</strong>
J. Biol. Chem. 272: 5627-5634, 1997.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9038172/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9038172</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9038172" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.9.5627" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
</p>
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<a id="contributors" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
Victor A. McKusick - updated : 4/4/2005
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<span class="mim-text-font">
Paul J. Converse - updated : 2/13/2001
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Creation Date:
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Victor A. McKusick : 10/13/2000
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alopez : 09/15/2006
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wwang : 8/3/2005<br>wwang : 4/15/2005<br>wwang : 4/7/2005<br>terry : 4/4/2005<br>cwells : 11/5/2003<br>carol : 8/13/2003<br>mgross : 4/2/2001<br>carol : 2/13/2001<br>carol : 10/16/2000<br>carol : 10/13/2000
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<h3>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>*</strong> 605337
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<span class="mim-font">
COMPLEMENT FACTOR H-RELATED 4; CFHR4
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<span class="mim-font">
<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
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FACTOR H-RELATED GENE 4; FHR4<br />
CFHL4
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Other entities represented in this entry:
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FHR-4A, INCLUDED
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<span class="h4 mim-font">
FHR-4B, INCLUDED
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<strong><em>HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: CFHR4</em></strong>
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<strong>
<em>
Cytogenetic location: 1q31.3
&nbsp;
Genomic coordinates <span class="small">(GRCh38)</span> : 1:196,888,052-196,918,633 </span>
</em>
</strong>
<span class="small">(from NCBI)</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
<strong>TEXT</strong>
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<strong>Cloning and Expression</strong>
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<p>Human complement factor H (CFH; 134370) and 5 factor H-related proteins, CFHR1 (134371), CFHR2 (600889), CFHR3 (605336), CFHR4, and CFHR5 (608593), are exclusively composed of highly-related short consensus repeats (SCRs), each of which contains 4 cysteine residues and additional conserved amino acids. By biochemical purification of an apoprotein from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, followed by partial amino acid sequence analysis and screening of a liver cDNA library with a CFHR3 probe, Skerka et al. (1997) isolated a cDNA encoding CFHR4. The deduced 331-amino acid protein contains a potential 19-amino acid signal peptide, 4 potential N-linked glycosylation sites, and 5 SCRs. The CFHR4 SCRs share sequence identities of 63 to 70% with those of CFH, except for SCR 5, which is only 39% identical to SCR 20 of CFH. The CFHR4 C-terminal SCRs are over 93% identical to those of CFHR3. Northern blot analysis of liver RNA revealed expression of 1.4-, 2.2-, and 2.5-kb transcripts, with the shorter transcript predicted to be CFHR4 specific. Western blot analysis showed that CFHR4 in serum is an 86-kD dimeric protein and a 63-kD monomeric protein after extensive reducing treatment, whereas the recombinant proteins are 84 kD and 42 kD, suggesting that the difference is due to carbohydrate attachment. </p><p>Jozsi et al. (2005) found that 2 distinct mRNA transcripts are derived from the FHR4 gene by alternative splicing. The short form, which they called FHR-4B, is a truncated variant and encodes a secreted protein of 5 complement control protein (CCP) domains, and was the form previously designated FHR4. The long transcript, FHR-4A, encodes a protein composed of 9 complement control protein (CCP) domains. FHR-4A has a tandem arrangement of 4 CCP domains forming a 'natural dimer' of the FHR-4B isoform. The FHR-4A protein was identified in human plasma as an 86-kD protein. The difference between the predicted and observed molecular masses was explained by glycosylation. Jozsi et al. (2005) compared the deduced protein sequence of FHR-4A with peptides from an 86-kD apolipoprotein, described by Skerka et al. (1997), and suggested that the long form, FHR-4A, represents this apolipoprotein. </p>
</span>
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</div>
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<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Gene Structure</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>By genomic analysis, Jozsi et al. (2005) determined that the FHR4 gene is composed of 10 exons. </p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Gene Function</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>Hellwage et al. (1999) determined that CFHR4, unlike CFHR3, does not bind to heparin. However, Biacore (surface plasmon resonance) and opsonization analyses showed that both proteins bind to C3b and C3d but not to C3c. Both CFHR3 and CFHR4 enhance the cofactor activity of factor H in C3b inactivation. </p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Mapping</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>By radiation hybrid analysis, Diaz-Guillen et al. (1999) and McRae et al. (2002) determined that the 5 factor H-related genes are all closely linked to the CFH gene on chromosome 1q31-q32.1. </p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
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<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<p />
</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Diaz-Guillen, M. A., Rodriguez de Cordoba, S., Heine-Suner, D.
<strong>A radiation hybrid map of complement factor H and factor H-related genes.</strong>
Immunogenetics 49: 549-552, 1999.
[PubMed: 10380701]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002510050534]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Hellwage, J., Jokiranta, T. S., Koistinen, V., Vaarala, O., Meri, S., Zipfel, P. F.
<strong>Functional properties of complement factor H-related proteins FHR-3 and FHR-4: binding to the C3d region of C3b and differential regulation by heparin.</strong>
FEBS Lett. 462: 345-352, 1999.
[PubMed: 10622723]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0014-5793(99)01554-9]
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</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Jozsi, M., Richter, H., Loschmann, I., Skerka, C., Buck, F., Beisiegel, U., Erdei, A., Zipfel, P. F.
<strong>FHR-4A: a new factor H-related protein is encoded by the human FHR-4 gene.</strong>
Europ. J. Hum. Genet. 13: 321-329, 2005.
[PubMed: 15562282]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201324]
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</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
McRae, J. L., Murphy, B. E., Eyre, H. J., Sutherland, G. R., Crawford, J., Cowan, P. J.
<strong>Location and structure of the human FHR-5 gene.</strong>
Genetica 114: 157-161, 2002.
[PubMed: 12041828]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015114512924]
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</li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
Skerka, C., Hellwage, J., Weber, W., Tilkorn, A., Buck, F., Marti, T., Kampen, E., Beisiegel, U., Zipfel, P. F.
<strong>The human factor H-related protein 4 (FHR4): a novel short consensus repeat-containing protein is associated with human triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.</strong>
J. Biol. Chem. 272: 5627-5634, 1997.
[PubMed: 9038172]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.9.5627]
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