2378 lines
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Entry
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- *604874 - KILLER CELL LECTIN-LIKE RECEPTOR, SUBFAMILY G, MEMBER 1; KLRG1
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- OMIM
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<p>
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<span class="h4">*604874</span>
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<br />
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<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
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</p>
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<a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a>
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<a href="#text"><strong>Text</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
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<a href="#description">Description</a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
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<a href="#cloning">Cloning and Expression</a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
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<a href="#geneStructure">Gene Structure</a>
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<a href="#mapping">Mapping</a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
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<a href="#biochemicalFeatures">Biochemical Features</a>
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<a href="#geneFunction">Gene Function</a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#contributors"><strong>Contributors</strong></a>
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<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#editHistory"><strong>Edit History</strong></a>
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<div id="mimFloatingLinksMenu">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimExternalLinks">
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<h4 class="panel-title">
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<a href="#mimExternalLinksFold" id="mimExternalLinksToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimExternalLinksToggleTriangle" class="small" style="color: white; display: table-cell;">▼</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">External Links</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</h4>
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimGenome">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<a href="#mimGenomeLinksFold" id="mimGenomeLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<span id="mimGenomeLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">►</span> Genome
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimGenomeLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="genome">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Location/View?db=core;g=ENSG00000139187;t=ENST00000356986" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Ensembl', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/gdv/browser/gene/?id=10219" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Detailed views of the complete genomes of selected organisms from vertebrates to protozoa." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Genome Viewer', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Genome Viewer</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&hgFind=omimGeneAcc&position=604874" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Browser; reference sequences and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC Genome Browser', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC Genome Browser</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimDna">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimDnaLinksFold" id="mimDnaLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<span id="mimDnaLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">►</span> DNA
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimDnaLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Transcript/Sequence_cDNA?db=core;g=ENSG00000139187;t=ENST00000356986" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Transcript-based views for coding and noncoding DNA." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Ensembl', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl (MANE Select)</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001329099,NM_001329101,NM_001329102,NM_001329103,NM_005810,NR_137426,NR_137427,NR_137428,XM_017018682,XM_017018684,XM_017018685,XM_047428074,XM_047428075" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A collection of genome, gene, and transcript sequence data from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI RefSeq', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih'})">NCBI RefSeq</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_005810" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A collection of genome, gene, and transcript sequence data from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI RefSeq (MANE)', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih'})">NCBI RefSeq (MANE Select)</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&hgFind=omimGeneAcc&position=604874" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Browser; reference sequences and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC Genome Browser', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC Genome Browser</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimProtein">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimProteinLinksFold" id="mimProteinLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
|
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<span id="mimProteinLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">►</span> Protein
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimProteinLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://hprd.org/summary?hprd_id=16076&isoform_id=16076_1&isoform_name=Isoform_1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Protein Reference Database; manually extracted and visually depicted information on human proteins." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HPRD', 'domain': 'hprd.org'})">HPRD</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.proteinatlas.org/search/KLRG1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Protein Atlas contains information for a large majority of all human protein-coding genes regarding the expression and localization of the corresponding proteins based on both RNA and protein data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HumanProteinAtlas', 'domain': 'proteinatlas.org'})">Human Protein Atlas</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/2654177,3421401,4139192,15214984,47717096,74731536,119609000,119609001,194376300,221046062,1034577557,1034577561,1034577563,1041817916,1041817918,1041817920,1041817922,2217286888,2217286890,2462529278,2462529280,2462529282,2462529284,2462529286,2462529288,2462529290" class="mim-tip-hint" title="NCBI protein data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Protein', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Protein</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q96E93" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Comprehensive protein sequence and functional information, including supporting data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UniProt', 'domain': 'uniprot.org'})">UniProt</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimGeneInfo">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimGeneInfoLinksFold" id="mimGeneInfoLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimGeneInfoLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Gene Info</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div id="mimGeneInfoLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="http://biogps.org/#goto=genereport&id=10219" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Gene Portal Hub; customizable portal of gene and protein function information." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'BioGPS', 'domain': 'biogps.org'})">BioGPS</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000139187;t=ENST00000356986" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Orthologs, paralogs, regulatory regions, and splice variants." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Ensembl', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=KLRG1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Genome Compendium; web-based cards integrating automatically mined information on human genes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GeneCards', 'domain': 'genecards.org'})">GeneCards</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/search/annotation?q=KLRG1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Terms, defined using controlled vocabulary, representing gene product properties (biologic process, cellular component, molecular function) across species." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GeneOntology', 'domain': 'amigo.geneontology.org'})">Gene Ontology</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa+10219" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; diagrams of signaling pathways." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'KEGG', 'domain': 'genome.jp'})">KEGG</a></div>
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<dd><a href="http://v1.marrvel.org/search/gene/KLRG1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MARRVEL', 'domain': 'marrvel.org'})">MARRVEL</a></dd>
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<dd><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/NCBIGene:10219" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Monarch Initiative." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Monarch', 'domain': 'monarchinitiative.org'})">Monarch</a></dd>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10219" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Gene-specific map, sequence, expression, structure, function, citation, and homology data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Gene', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Gene</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGene?db=hg38&hgg_chrom=chr12&hgg_gene=ENST00000839050.1&hgg_start=8950044&hgg_end=9215570&hgg_type=knownGene" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Bioinformatics; gene-specific structure and function information with links to other databases." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimClinicalResources">
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimClinicalResourcesLinksFold" id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
|
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Clinical Resources</div>
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</div>
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/all/tests/?term=604874[mim]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genetic Testing Registry." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GTR', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">GTR</a></div>
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimVariation">
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<a href="#mimVariationLinksFold" id="mimVariationLinksToggle" class=" mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<span id="mimVariationLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">▼</span> Variation
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar?term=604874[MIM]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="ClinVar aggregates information about sequence variation and its relationship to human health." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinVar', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">ClinVar</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/gene/ENSG00000139187" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), Broad Institute." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'gnomAD', 'domain': 'gnomad.broadinstitute.org'})">gnomAD</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/search?query=KLRG1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="GWAS Catalog; NHGRI-EBI Catalog of published genome-wide association studies." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GWAS Catalog', 'domain': 'gwascatalog.org'})">GWAS Catalog </a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.gwascentral.org/search?q=KLRG1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="GWAS Central; summary level genotype-to-phenotype information from genetic association studies." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GWAS Central', 'domain': 'gwascentral.org'})">GWAS Central </a></div>
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<div><a href="https://evs.gs.washington.edu/EVS/PopStatsServlet?searchBy=Gene+Hugo&target=KLRG1&upstreamSize=0&downstreamSize=0&x=0&y=0" class="mim-tip-hint" title="National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Exome Variant Server." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NHLBI EVS', 'domain': 'evs.gs.washington.edu'})">NHLBI EVS</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.pharmgkb.org/gene/PA30170" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base; curated and annotated information regarding the effects of human genetic variations on drug response." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PharmGKB', 'domain': 'pharmgkb.org'})">PharmGKB</a></div>
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimAnimalModels">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Animal Models</div>
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</a>
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.alliancegenome.org/gene/HGNC:6380" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Search Across Species; explore model organism and human comparative genomics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Alliance Genome', 'domain': 'alliancegenome.org'})">Alliance Genome</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.mousephenotype.org/data/genes/MGI:1355294" class="mim-tip-hint" title="International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'IMPC', 'domain': 'knockoutmouse.org'})">IMPC</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://v1.marrvel.org/search/gene/KLRG1#HomologGenesPanel" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MARRVEL', 'domain': 'marrvel.org'})">MARRVEL</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:1355294" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Mouse Genome Informatics; international database resource for the laboratory mouse, including integrated genetic, genomic, and biological data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MGI Mouse Gene', 'domain': 'informatics.jax.org'})">MGI Mouse Gene</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.mmrrc.org/catalog/StrainCatalogSearchForm.php?search_query=" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Mutant Mouse Resource & Research Centers." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MMRRC', 'domain': 'mmrrc.org'})">MMRRC</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10219/ortholog/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Orthologous genes at NCBI." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Orthologs', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Orthologs</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.orthodb.org/?ncbi=10219" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Hierarchical catalogue of orthologs." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrthoDB', 'domain': 'orthodb.org'})">OrthoDB</a></div>
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<div><a href="mim#WormbaseGeneFold" id="mimWormbaseGeneToggle" data-toggle="collapse" class="mim-tip-hint mimTriangleToggle" title="Database of the biology and genome of Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes."><span id="mimWormbaseGeneToggleTriangle" class="small" style="margin-left: -0.8em;">►</span>Wormbase Gene</div>
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<div id="mimWormbaseGeneFold" class="collapse">
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<div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://wormbase.org/db/gene/gene?name=WBGene00007709;class=Gene" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Wormbase Gene', 'domain': 'wormbase.org'})">WBGene00007709 </a></div><div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://wormbase.org/db/gene/gene?name=WBGene00014117;class=Gene" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Wormbase Gene', 'domain': 'wormbase.org'})">WBGene00014117 </a></div>
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<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimCellularPathways">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimCellularPathwaysLinksFold" id="mimCellularPathwaysLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimCellularPathwaysLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Cellular Pathways</div>
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<div><a href="https://reactome.org/content/query?q=KLRG1&species=Homo+sapiens&types=Reaction&types=Pathway&cluster=true" class="definition" title="Protein-specific information in the context of relevant cellular pathways." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {{'name': 'Reactome', 'domain': 'reactome.org'}})">Reactome</a></div>
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<span>
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<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>Looking for this gene or this phenotype in other resources?</strong>" qtip_text="Select a related resource from the dropdown menu and click for a targeted link to information directly relevant.">
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<div class="col-lg-8 col-lg-pull-2 col-md-8 col-md-pull-2 col-sm-8 col-sm-pull-2 col-xs-12">
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<a id="title" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="number" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="text-right">
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<span class="h3">
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<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Gene description">
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<span class="text-danger"><strong>*</strong></span>
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604874
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</span>
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<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h3>
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<span class="mim-font">
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KILLER CELL LECTIN-LIKE RECEPTOR, SUBFAMILY G, MEMBER 1; KLRG1
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</h3>
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<div>
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<br />
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<a id="alternativeTitles" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
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<div>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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MAST CELL FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN, RAT, HOMOLOG OF; MAFA<br />
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MAFA-LIKE; MAFAL
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</h4>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<a id="approvedGeneSymbols" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<strong><em>HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: <a href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/genes?query=KLRG1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HGNC', 'domain': 'genenames.org'})">KLRG1</a></em></strong>
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</p>
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<a id="cytogeneticLocation" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<strong>
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<em>
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Cytogenetic location: <a href="/geneMap/12/120?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=120">12p13.31</a>
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Genomic coordinates <span class="small">(GRCh38)</span> : <a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&position=chr12:8950044-9215570&dgv=pack&knownGene=pack&omimGene=pack" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Browser; reference sequences and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC Genome Browser', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">12:8,950,044-9,215,570</a> </span>
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</em>
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</strong>
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<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" target="_blank" class="small"> (from NCBI) </a>
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<div>
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<br />
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<a id="text" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<span class="mim-tip-floating" qtip_title="<strong>Looking For More References?</strong>" qtip_text="Click the 'reference plus' icon <span class='glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign'></span> at the end of each OMIM text paragraph to see more references related to the content of the preceding paragraph.">
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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</span>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<div>
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<a id="description" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4 href="#mimDescriptionFold" id="mimDescriptionToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<span id="mimDescriptionToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Description</strong>
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</h4>
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<div id="mimDescriptionFold" class="collapse in ">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Inhibitory lectin-like receptors, including KLRG1, are expressed on the surface of hematopoietic cells and regulate immunocyte effector functions through interactions with specific ligands. For example, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules are recognized by natural killer (NK) cells. All of these inhibitory receptors contain a cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, or ITIM. Upon MHC I engagement and tyrosine phosphorylation of the ITIM, intracellular tyrosine protein phosphatases such as SHP1 (PTPN6; <a href="/entry/176883">176883</a>) are recruited to the ITIM, and an inhibitory signal cascade leads to the abrogation of NK cell activation (summary by <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hanke, T., Corral, L., Vance, R. E., Raulet, D. H. <strong>2F1 antigen, the mouse homolog of the rat 'mast cell function-associated antigen', is a lectin-like type II transmembrane receptor expressed by natural killer cells.</strong> Europ. J. Immun. 28: 4409-4417, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9862378/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9862378</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199812)28:12<4409::AID-IMMU4409>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9862378">Hanke et al., 1998</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9862378" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<div>
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<br />
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<div>
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<a id="cloning" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4 href="#mimCloningFold" id="mimCloningToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<span id="mimCloningToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Cloning and Expression</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<div id="mimCloningFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>By searching an EST database for sequences similar to the ITIM-bearing rat mast cell function-associated antigen (MAFA), <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Butcher, S., Arney, K. L., Cook, G. P. <strong>MAFA-L, an ITIM-containing receptor encoded by the human NK cell gene complex and expressed by basophils and NK cells.</strong> Europ. J. Immun. 28: 3755-3762, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9842918/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9842918</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3755::AID-IMMU3755>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9842918">Butcher et al. (1998)</a> and <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Hanke, T., Corral, L., Vance, R. E., Raulet, D. H. <strong>2F1 antigen, the mouse homolog of the rat 'mast cell function-associated antigen', is a lectin-like type II transmembrane receptor expressed by natural killer cells.</strong> Europ. J. Immun. 28: 4409-4417, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9862378/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9862378</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199812)28:12<4409::AID-IMMU4409>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9862378">Hanke et al. (1998)</a> identified clones encoding KLRG1, which <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Butcher, S., Arney, K. L., Cook, G. P. <strong>MAFA-L, an ITIM-containing receptor encoded by the human NK cell gene complex and expressed by basophils and NK cells.</strong> Europ. J. Immun. 28: 3755-3762, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9842918/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9842918</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3755::AID-IMMU3755>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9842918">Butcher et al. (1998)</a> designated MAFAL. Using PCR analysis on a basophil-like leukemia cell line and human lung mast cells, <a href="#6" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Lamers, M. B. A. C., Lamont, A. G., Williams, D. H. <strong>Human MAFA has alternatively spliced variants.</strong> Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1399: 209-212, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9765598/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9765598</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00107-9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9765598">Lamers et al. (1998)</a> also isolated a cDNA encoding KLRG1, which they called MAFA. The deduced 189-amino acid KLRG1 is a type II transmembrane protein containing a C-type lectin carbohydrate recognition domain, an intracellular ITIM-like motif, and 4 potential N-glycosylation sites. Northern blot analysis by <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Butcher, S., Arney, K. L., Cook, G. P. <strong>MAFA-L, an ITIM-containing receptor encoded by the human NK cell gene complex and expressed by basophils and NK cells.</strong> Europ. J. Immun. 28: 3755-3762, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9842918/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9842918</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3755::AID-IMMU3755>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9842918">Butcher et al. (1998)</a> detected a 1-kb KLRG1 transcript in spleen, lymph node, and peripheral blood leukocytes. By RT-PCR analysis, <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Butcher, S., Arney, K. L., Cook, G. P. <strong>MAFA-L, an ITIM-containing receptor encoded by the human NK cell gene complex and expressed by basophils and NK cells.</strong> Europ. J. Immun. 28: 3755-3762, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9842918/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9842918</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3755::AID-IMMU3755>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9842918">Butcher et al. (1998)</a> found expression of KLRG1 in peripheral blood NK cells, a monocytic cell line, and a basophilic leukemia cell line; expression was not found in decidual NK cells, B cells, and T cells. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=9765598+9842918+9862378" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>Through comparison with the rat MAFA sequence, <a href="#6" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Lamers, M. B. A. C., Lamont, A. G., Williams, D. H. <strong>Human MAFA has alternatively spliced variants.</strong> Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1399: 209-212, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9765598/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9765598</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00107-9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9765598">Lamers et al. (1998)</a> determined that the human KLRG1 gene contains 5 exons. They showed that 2 alternatively spliced variants exist, one lacking exon 3 (E3-negative) and the other lacking exons 3 and 4 (E3/4-negative). E3-negative KLRG1 was predicted to have a short extracellular region and was expressed in lung mast cells, basophils, and a basophilic leukemia cell line. The E3/4-negative variant was expressed only in a basophilic leukemia cell line. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9765598" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#8" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Voehringer, D., Kaufmann, M., Pircher, H. <strong>Genomic structure, alternative splicing, and physical mapping of the killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 gene (KLRG1), the mouse homologue of MAFA.</strong> Immunogenetics 52: 206-211, 2001.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11220622/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11220622</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002510000282" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="11220622">Voehringer et al. (2001)</a> determined that the mouse Klrg1 gene spans 13 kb and contains 5 exons. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=11220622" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>By PCR analysis of radiation hybrid panels and YACs, <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Butcher, S., Arney, K. L., Cook, G. P. <strong>MAFA-L, an ITIM-containing receptor encoded by the human NK cell gene complex and expressed by basophils and NK cells.</strong> Europ. J. Immun. 28: 3755-3762, 1998.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9842918/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9842918</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3755::AID-IMMU3755>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9842918">Butcher et al. (1998)</a> mapped the single-copy KLRG1 gene to the telomeric side of the NK cell gene complex on chromosome 12p13-p12. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9842918" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#8" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Voehringer, D., Kaufmann, M., Pircher, H. <strong>Genomic structure, alternative splicing, and physical mapping of the killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 gene (KLRG1), the mouse homologue of MAFA.</strong> Immunogenetics 52: 206-211, 2001.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11220622/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11220622</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002510000282" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="11220622">Voehringer et al. (2001)</a> mapped the Klrg1 gene to mouse chromosome 6, outside the NK complex, between the CD9 (<a href="/entry/143030">143030</a>) and CD4 (<a href="/entry/186940">186940</a>) genes. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=11220622" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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Cadherins are downregulated in metastatic tumors. By determining the crystal structure of KLRG1 in complex with E-cadherin (CDH1; <a href="/entry/192090">192090</a>) at 2.0-angstrom resolution, <a href="#7" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Li, Y., Hofmann, M., Wang, Q., Teng, L., Chlewicki, L. K., Pircher, H., Mariuzza, R. A. <strong>Structure of natural killer cell receptor KLRG1 bound to E-cadherin reveals basis for MHC-independent missing self recognition.</strong> Immunity 31: 35-46, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19604491/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19604491</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19604491[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.019" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19604491">Li et al. (2009)</a> determined that KLRG1 mediated missing self recognition by binding to a highly conserved site on cadherins, enabling monitoring of expression of CDH1, CDH2 (<a href="/entry/114020">114020</a>), and CDH4 (<a href="/entry/603006">603006</a>) on target cells. <a href="#7" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Li, Y., Hofmann, M., Wang, Q., Teng, L., Chlewicki, L. K., Pircher, H., Mariuzza, R. A. <strong>Structure of natural killer cell receptor KLRG1 bound to E-cadherin reveals basis for MHC-independent missing self recognition.</strong> Immunity 31: 35-46, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19604491/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19604491</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19604491[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.019" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19604491">Li et al. (2009)</a> proposed that CDH1 may coengage KLRG1 and integrin alpha-E (ITGAE; <a href="/entry/604682">604682</a>)/beta-7 (ITGB7; <a href="/entry/147559">147559</a>) and that KLRG1 overcomes its weak affinity for cadherins through multipoint attachment to target cells, resulting in inhibitory signaling. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19604491" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Grundemann, C., Bauer, M., Schweier, O., von Oppen, N., Lassing, U., Saudan, P., Becker, K.-F., Karp, K., Hanke, T., Bachmann, M. F., Pircher, H. <strong>Cutting edge: identification of E-cadherin as a ligand for the murine killer cell lectin-like receptor G1.</strong> J. Immun. 176: 1311-1315, 2006.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16424155/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">16424155</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.176.3.1311" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="16424155">Grundemann et al. (2006)</a> identified E-cadherin as a ligand for mouse Klrg1. Ectopic expression of E-cadherin by melanoma target cells did not affect cytolytic activity of NK cells, but it inhibited antigen-induced cell division and cytolytic activity of effector CD8 (<a href="/entry/186910">186910</a>)-positive T cells. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=16424155" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Banh, C., Fugere, C., Brossay, L. <strong>Immunoregulatory functions of KLRG1 cadherin interactions are dependent on forward and reverse signaling.</strong> Blood 114: 5299-5306, 2009.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19855082/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19855082</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19855082[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-06-228353" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="19855082">Banh et al. (2009)</a> showed that the first 2 extracellular domains of N-cadherin (CDH2) interacted with KLRG1, blocked interaction of KLRG1 with E-cadherin, and could regulate KLRG1 signaling. Binding of KLRG1 to E-cadherin inhibited E-cadherin-dependent cell adhesion and led to tyrosine phosphorylation of E-cadherin. The KLRG1/E-cadherin interaction led to the generation of a bidirectional signal in which both KLRG1 and E-cadherin activated downstream signaling cascades simultaneously, regulating cells expressing one or the other molecule. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19855082" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>Using a reporter system in mice, <a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Herndler-Brandstetter, D., Ishigame, H., Shinnakasu, R., Plajer, V., Stecher, C., Zhao, J., Lietzenmayer, M., Kroehling, L., Takumi, A., Kometani, K., Inoue, T., Kluger, Y., Kaech, S. M., Kurosaki, T., Okada, T, Flavell, R. A. <strong>KLRG1+ effector CD8+ T cells lose KLRG1, differentiate into all memory T cell lineages, and convey enhanced protective immunity.</strong> Immunity 48: 716-729, 2018.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29625895/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">29625895</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="29625895">Herndler-Brandstetter et al. (2018)</a> found that, following infection with Listeria monocytogenes, Klrg1-positive Cd8-positive effector T cells downregulated Klrg1 expression in a Bach2 (<a href="/entry/605394">605394</a>)-dependent manner and differentiated into long-lived circulating and tissue-resident 'exKLRG1' memory T cells. Genomewide transcriptional profiling showed that exKLRG1 memory T cells were heterogeneous and consisted of all memory T-cell lineages. ExKLRG1 memory T cells retained high cytotoxic and proliferative capacities distinct from other populations and were able to provide anti-influenza and antitumor immunity. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=29625895" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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Blood 114: 5299-5306, 2009.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19855082/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19855082</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19855082[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19855082" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-06-228353" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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</p>
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<a id="2" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Butcher1998" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Butcher, S., Arney, K. L., Cook, G. P.
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<strong>MAFA-L, an ITIM-containing receptor encoded by the human NK cell gene complex and expressed by basophils and NK cells.</strong>
|
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Europ. J. Immun. 28: 3755-3762, 1998.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9842918/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9842918</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9842918" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3755::AID-IMMU3755>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="3" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Grundemann2006" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Grundemann, C., Bauer, M., Schweier, O., von Oppen, N., Lassing, U., Saudan, P., Becker, K.-F., Karp, K., Hanke, T., Bachmann, M. F., Pircher, H.
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<strong>Cutting edge: identification of E-cadherin as a ligand for the murine killer cell lectin-like receptor G1.</strong>
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J. Immun. 176: 1311-1315, 2006.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16424155/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">16424155</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=16424155" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.176.3.1311" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="4" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Hanke1998" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Hanke, T., Corral, L., Vance, R. E., Raulet, D. H.
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<strong>2F1 antigen, the mouse homolog of the rat 'mast cell function-associated antigen', is a lectin-like type II transmembrane receptor expressed by natural killer cells.</strong>
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Europ. J. Immun. 28: 4409-4417, 1998.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9862378/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9862378</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9862378" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199812)28:12<4409::AID-IMMU4409>3.0.CO;2-3" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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</p>
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<li>
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<a id="5" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Herndler-Brandstetter2018" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Herndler-Brandstetter, D., Ishigame, H., Shinnakasu, R., Plajer, V., Stecher, C., Zhao, J., Lietzenmayer, M., Kroehling, L., Takumi, A., Kometani, K., Inoue, T., Kluger, Y., Kaech, S. M., Kurosaki, T., Okada, T, Flavell, R. A.
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<strong>KLRG1+ effector CD8+ T cells lose KLRG1, differentiate into all memory T cell lineages, and convey enhanced protective immunity.</strong>
|
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Immunity 48: 716-729, 2018.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29625895/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">29625895</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=29625895" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.015" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="6" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Lamers1998" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Lamers, M. B. A. C., Lamont, A. G., Williams, D. H.
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<strong>Human MAFA has alternatively spliced variants.</strong>
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Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1399: 209-212, 1998.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9765598/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9765598</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9765598" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00107-9" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="7" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Li2009" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Li, Y., Hofmann, M., Wang, Q., Teng, L., Chlewicki, L. K., Pircher, H., Mariuzza, R. A.
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<strong>Structure of natural killer cell receptor KLRG1 bound to E-cadherin reveals basis for MHC-independent missing self recognition.</strong>
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Immunity 31: 35-46, 2009.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19604491/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19604491</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=19604491[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19604491" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.019" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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</p>
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<li>
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<a id="8" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="Voehringer2001" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="">
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Voehringer, D., Kaufmann, M., Pircher, H.
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<strong>Genomic structure, alternative splicing, and physical mapping of the killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 gene (KLRG1), the mouse homologue of MAFA.</strong>
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Immunogenetics 52: 206-211, 2001.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11220622/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11220622</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=11220622" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002510000282" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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</ol>
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<a id="contributors" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a href="#mimCollapseContributors" role="button" data-toggle="collapse"> Contributors: </a>
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Bao Lige - updated : 03/01/2019
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<div class="row collapse" id="mimCollapseContributors">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Paul J. Converse - updated : 11/23/2011<br>Paul J. Converse - updated : 12/3/2010<br>Paul J. Converse - updated : 3/16/2001
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<a id="creationDate" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-4 col-xs-4">
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<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
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Creation Date:
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Paul J. Converse : 4/25/2000
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<a id="editHistory" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
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<a href="#mimCollapseEditHistory" role="button" data-toggle="collapse"> Edit History: </a>
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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mgross : 03/04/2019
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<div class="row collapse" id="mimCollapseEditHistory">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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mgross : 03/01/2019<br>mgross : 11/30/2011<br>terry : 11/23/2011<br>wwang : 12/9/2010<br>terry : 12/3/2010<br>mgross : 3/16/2001<br>mgross : 4/25/2000<br>mgross : 4/25/2000
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>*</strong> 604874
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<h3>
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KILLER CELL LECTIN-LIKE RECEPTOR, SUBFAMILY G, MEMBER 1; KLRG1
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</h3>
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<div>
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<br />
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<span class="mim-font">
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<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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MAST CELL FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN, RAT, HOMOLOG OF; MAFA<br />
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MAFA-LIKE; MAFAL
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</h4>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<strong><em>HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: KLRG1</em></strong>
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<strong>
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<em>
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Cytogenetic location: 12p13.31
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Genomic coordinates <span class="small">(GRCh38)</span> : 12:8,950,044-9,215,570 </span>
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</em>
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</strong>
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<span class="small">(from NCBI)</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Description</strong>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Inhibitory lectin-like receptors, including KLRG1, are expressed on the surface of hematopoietic cells and regulate immunocyte effector functions through interactions with specific ligands. For example, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules are recognized by natural killer (NK) cells. All of these inhibitory receptors contain a cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, or ITIM. Upon MHC I engagement and tyrosine phosphorylation of the ITIM, intracellular tyrosine protein phosphatases such as SHP1 (PTPN6; 176883) are recruited to the ITIM, and an inhibitory signal cascade leads to the abrogation of NK cell activation (summary by Hanke et al., 1998). </p>
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<div>
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<br />
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Cloning and Expression</strong>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>By searching an EST database for sequences similar to the ITIM-bearing rat mast cell function-associated antigen (MAFA), Butcher et al. (1998) and Hanke et al. (1998) identified clones encoding KLRG1, which Butcher et al. (1998) designated MAFAL. Using PCR analysis on a basophil-like leukemia cell line and human lung mast cells, Lamers et al. (1998) also isolated a cDNA encoding KLRG1, which they called MAFA. The deduced 189-amino acid KLRG1 is a type II transmembrane protein containing a C-type lectin carbohydrate recognition domain, an intracellular ITIM-like motif, and 4 potential N-glycosylation sites. Northern blot analysis by Butcher et al. (1998) detected a 1-kb KLRG1 transcript in spleen, lymph node, and peripheral blood leukocytes. By RT-PCR analysis, Butcher et al. (1998) found expression of KLRG1 in peripheral blood NK cells, a monocytic cell line, and a basophilic leukemia cell line; expression was not found in decidual NK cells, B cells, and T cells. </p>
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</span>
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<strong>Gene Structure</strong>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Through comparison with the rat MAFA sequence, Lamers et al. (1998) determined that the human KLRG1 gene contains 5 exons. They showed that 2 alternatively spliced variants exist, one lacking exon 3 (E3-negative) and the other lacking exons 3 and 4 (E3/4-negative). E3-negative KLRG1 was predicted to have a short extracellular region and was expressed in lung mast cells, basophils, and a basophilic leukemia cell line. The E3/4-negative variant was expressed only in a basophilic leukemia cell line. </p><p>Voehringer et al. (2001) determined that the mouse Klrg1 gene spans 13 kb and contains 5 exons. </p>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Mapping</strong>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>By PCR analysis of radiation hybrid panels and YACs, Butcher et al. (1998) mapped the single-copy KLRG1 gene to the telomeric side of the NK cell gene complex on chromosome 12p13-p12. </p><p>Voehringer et al. (2001) mapped the Klrg1 gene to mouse chromosome 6, outside the NK complex, between the CD9 (143030) and CD4 (186940) genes. </p>
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<div>
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<br />
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<strong>Biochemical Features</strong>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p><strong><em>Crystal Structure</em></strong></p><p>
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Cadherins are downregulated in metastatic tumors. By determining the crystal structure of KLRG1 in complex with E-cadherin (CDH1; 192090) at 2.0-angstrom resolution, Li et al. (2009) determined that KLRG1 mediated missing self recognition by binding to a highly conserved site on cadherins, enabling monitoring of expression of CDH1, CDH2 (114020), and CDH4 (603006) on target cells. Li et al. (2009) proposed that CDH1 may coengage KLRG1 and integrin alpha-E (ITGAE; 604682)/beta-7 (ITGB7; 147559) and that KLRG1 overcomes its weak affinity for cadherins through multipoint attachment to target cells, resulting in inhibitory signaling. </p>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Gene Function</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Grundemann et al. (2006) identified E-cadherin as a ligand for mouse Klrg1. Ectopic expression of E-cadherin by melanoma target cells did not affect cytolytic activity of NK cells, but it inhibited antigen-induced cell division and cytolytic activity of effector CD8 (186910)-positive T cells. </p><p>Banh et al. (2009) showed that the first 2 extracellular domains of N-cadherin (CDH2) interacted with KLRG1, blocked interaction of KLRG1 with E-cadherin, and could regulate KLRG1 signaling. Binding of KLRG1 to E-cadherin inhibited E-cadherin-dependent cell adhesion and led to tyrosine phosphorylation of E-cadherin. The KLRG1/E-cadherin interaction led to the generation of a bidirectional signal in which both KLRG1 and E-cadherin activated downstream signaling cascades simultaneously, regulating cells expressing one or the other molecule. </p><p>Using a reporter system in mice, Herndler-Brandstetter et al. (2018) found that, following infection with Listeria monocytogenes, Klrg1-positive Cd8-positive effector T cells downregulated Klrg1 expression in a Bach2 (605394)-dependent manner and differentiated into long-lived circulating and tissue-resident 'exKLRG1' memory T cells. Genomewide transcriptional profiling showed that exKLRG1 memory T cells were heterogeneous and consisted of all memory T-cell lineages. ExKLRG1 memory T cells retained high cytotoxic and proliferative capacities distinct from other populations and were able to provide anti-influenza and antitumor immunity. </p>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Banh, C., Fugere, C., Brossay, L.
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<strong>Immunoregulatory functions of KLRG1 cadherin interactions are dependent on forward and reverse signaling.</strong>
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Blood 114: 5299-5306, 2009.
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[PubMed: 19855082]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-06-228353]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Butcher, S., Arney, K. L., Cook, G. P.
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<strong>MAFA-L, an ITIM-containing receptor encoded by the human NK cell gene complex and expressed by basophils and NK cells.</strong>
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Europ. J. Immun. 28: 3755-3762, 1998.
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[PubMed: 9842918]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3755::AID-IMMU3755>3.0.CO;2-3]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Grundemann, C., Bauer, M., Schweier, O., von Oppen, N., Lassing, U., Saudan, P., Becker, K.-F., Karp, K., Hanke, T., Bachmann, M. F., Pircher, H.
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<strong>Cutting edge: identification of E-cadherin as a ligand for the murine killer cell lectin-like receptor G1.</strong>
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J. Immun. 176: 1311-1315, 2006.
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[PubMed: 16424155]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.176.3.1311]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Hanke, T., Corral, L., Vance, R. E., Raulet, D. H.
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<strong>2F1 antigen, the mouse homolog of the rat 'mast cell function-associated antigen', is a lectin-like type II transmembrane receptor expressed by natural killer cells.</strong>
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Europ. J. Immun. 28: 4409-4417, 1998.
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[PubMed: 9862378]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199812)28:12<4409::AID-IMMU4409>3.0.CO;2-3]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Herndler-Brandstetter, D., Ishigame, H., Shinnakasu, R., Plajer, V., Stecher, C., Zhao, J., Lietzenmayer, M., Kroehling, L., Takumi, A., Kometani, K., Inoue, T., Kluger, Y., Kaech, S. M., Kurosaki, T., Okada, T, Flavell, R. A.
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<strong>KLRG1+ effector CD8+ T cells lose KLRG1, differentiate into all memory T cell lineages, and convey enhanced protective immunity.</strong>
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Immunity 48: 716-729, 2018.
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[PubMed: 29625895]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.015]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Lamers, M. B. A. C., Lamont, A. G., Williams, D. H.
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<strong>Human MAFA has alternatively spliced variants.</strong>
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Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1399: 209-212, 1998.
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[PubMed: 9765598]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00107-9]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Li, Y., Hofmann, M., Wang, Q., Teng, L., Chlewicki, L. K., Pircher, H., Mariuzza, R. A.
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<strong>Structure of natural killer cell receptor KLRG1 bound to E-cadherin reveals basis for MHC-independent missing self recognition.</strong>
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Immunity 31: 35-46, 2009.
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[PubMed: 19604491]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.019]
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Voehringer, D., Kaufmann, M., Pircher, H.
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<strong>Genomic structure, alternative splicing, and physical mapping of the killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 gene (KLRG1), the mouse homologue of MAFA.</strong>
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Immunogenetics 52: 206-211, 2001.
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[PubMed: 11220622]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002510000282]
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Contributors:
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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Bao Lige - updated : 03/01/2019<br>Paul J. Converse - updated : 11/23/2011<br>Paul J. Converse - updated : 12/3/2010<br>Paul J. Converse - updated : 3/16/2001
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Paul J. Converse : 4/25/2000
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mgross : 03/04/2019<br>mgross : 03/01/2019<br>mgross : 11/30/2011<br>terry : 11/23/2011<br>wwang : 12/9/2010<br>terry : 12/3/2010<br>mgross : 3/16/2001<br>mgross : 4/25/2000<br>mgross : 4/25/2000
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