nih-gov/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/604179

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<title>
Entry
- *604179 - RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L18; RPL18
- OMIM
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<span class="h4">*604179</span>
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<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
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<a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a>
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<a href="#geneMap"><strong>Gene-Phenotype Relationships</strong></a>
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<a href="#text"><strong>Text</strong></a>
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<a href="#description">Description</a>
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<a href="#cloning">Cloning and Expression</a>
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<a href="#mapping">Mapping</a>
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<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
<a href="#molecularGenetics">Molecular Genetics</a>
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<a href="#allelicVariants"><strong>Allelic Variants</strong></a>
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<a href="/allelicVariants/604179">Table View</a>
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<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
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<a href="#contributors"><strong>Contributors</strong></a>
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<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
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<div id="mimProteinLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
<div><a href="https://hprd.org/summary?hprd_id=16046&isoform_id=16046_1&isoform_name=Isoform_1" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Protein Reference Database; manually extracted and visually depicted information on human proteins." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HPRD', 'domain': 'hprd.org'})">HPRD</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.proteinatlas.org/search/RPL18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Protein Atlas contains information for a large majority of all human protein-coding genes regarding the expression and localization of the corresponding proteins based on both RNA and protein data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HumanProteinAtlas', 'domain': 'proteinatlas.org'})">Human Protein Atlas</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/337493,548749,4433195,4506607,12653213,16307237,17932944,18204442,89573879,119572743,119572744,119572745,119572746,119572747,119572748,119572749,194373601,395132436" class="mim-tip-hint" title="NCBI protein data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Protein', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Protein</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q07020" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Comprehensive protein sequence and functional information, including supporting data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UniProt', 'domain': 'uniprot.org'})">UniProt</a></div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimGeneInfo">
<span class="panel-title">
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<div id="mimGeneInfoLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">&#9658;</div>
&nbsp;
<div style="display: table-cell;">Gene Info</div>
</div>
</a>
</span>
</span>
</div>
<div id="mimGeneInfoLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
<div><a href="http://biogps.org/#goto=genereport&id=6141" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Gene Portal Hub; customizable portal of gene and protein function information." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'BioGPS', 'domain': 'biogps.org'})">BioGPS</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000063177;t=ENST00000549920" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Orthologs, paralogs, regulatory regions, and splice variants." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Ensembl', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=RPL18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Human Genome Compendium; web-based cards integrating automatically mined information on human genes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GeneCards', 'domain': 'genecards.org'})">GeneCards</a></div>
<div><a href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/search/annotation?q=RPL18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Terms, defined using controlled vocabulary, representing gene product properties (biologic process, cellular component, molecular function) across species." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GeneOntology', 'domain': 'amigo.geneontology.org'})">Gene Ontology</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa+6141" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; diagrams of signaling pathways." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'KEGG', 'domain': 'genome.jp'})">KEGG</a></div>
<dd><a href="http://v1.marrvel.org/search/gene/RPL18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MARRVEL', 'domain': 'marrvel.org'})">MARRVEL</a></dd>
<dd><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/NCBIGene:6141" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Monarch Initiative." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Monarch', 'domain': 'monarchinitiative.org'})">Monarch</a></dd>
<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6141" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Gene-specific map, sequence, expression, structure, function, citation, and homology data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Gene', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Gene</a></div>
<div><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGene?db=hg38&hgg_chrom=chr19&hgg_gene=ENST00000549920.6&hgg_start=48615331&hgg_end=48619178&hgg_type=knownGene" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Bioinformatics; gene-specific structure and function information with links to other databases." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC</a></div>
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<div id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">&#9658;</div>
&nbsp;
<div style="display: table-cell;">Clinical Resources</div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/all/tests/?term=604179[mim]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genetic Testing Registry." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GTR', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">GTR</a></div>
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<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimVariation">
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<span id="mimVariationLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5">&#9660;</span> Variation
</a>
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<div id="mimVariationLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse in mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar?term=604179[MIM]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="ClinVar aggregates information about sequence variation and its relationship to human health." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinVar', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">ClinVar</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.deciphergenomics.org/gene/RPL18/overview/clinical-info" class="mim-tip-hint" title="DECIPHER" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'DECIPHER', 'domain': 'DECIPHER'})">DECIPHER</a></div>
<div><a href="https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/gene/ENSG00000063177" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), Broad Institute." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'gnomAD', 'domain': 'gnomad.broadinstitute.org'})">gnomAD</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/search?query=RPL18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="GWAS Catalog; NHGRI-EBI Catalog of published genome-wide association studies." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GWAS Catalog', 'domain': 'gwascatalog.org'})">GWAS Catalog&nbsp;</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.gwascentral.org/search?q=RPL18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="GWAS Central; summary level genotype-to-phenotype information from genetic association studies." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GWAS Central', 'domain': 'gwascentral.org'})">GWAS Central&nbsp;</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.hgmd.cf.ac.uk/ac/gene.php?gene=RPL18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Human Gene Mutation Database; published mutations causing or associated with human inherited disease; disease-associated/functional polymorphisms." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HGMD', 'domain': 'hgmd.cf.ac.uk'})">HGMD</a></div>
<div><a href="https://evs.gs.washington.edu/EVS/PopStatsServlet?searchBy=Gene+Hugo&target=RPL18&upstreamSize=0&downstreamSize=0&x=0&y=0" class="mim-tip-hint" title="National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Exome Variant Server." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NHLBI EVS', 'domain': 'evs.gs.washington.edu'})">NHLBI EVS</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.pharmgkb.org/gene/PA34679" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base; curated and annotated information regarding the effects of human genetic variations on drug response." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PharmGKB', 'domain': 'pharmgkb.org'})">PharmGKB</a></div>
</div>
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</div>
<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimAnimalModels">
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<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">&#9658;</div>
&nbsp;
<div style="display: table-cell;">Animal Models</div>
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</a>
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<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
<div><a href="https://www.alliancegenome.org/gene/HGNC:10310" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Search Across Species; explore model organism and human comparative genomics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Alliance Genome', 'domain': 'alliancegenome.org'})">Alliance Genome</a></div>
<div><a href="https://flybase.org/reports/FBgn0035753.html" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A Database of Drosophila Genes and Genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'FlyBase', 'domain': 'flybase.org'})">FlyBase</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.mousephenotype.org/data/genes/MGI:98003" class="mim-tip-hint" title="International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'IMPC', 'domain': 'knockoutmouse.org'})">IMPC</a></div>
<div><a href="http://v1.marrvel.org/search/gene/RPL18#HomologGenesPanel" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MARRVEL', 'domain': 'marrvel.org'})">MARRVEL</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:98003" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Mouse Genome Informatics; international database resource for the laboratory mouse, including integrated genetic, genomic, and biological data." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MGI Mouse Gene', 'domain': 'informatics.jax.org'})">MGI Mouse Gene</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.mmrrc.org/catalog/StrainCatalogSearchForm.php?search_query=" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Mutant Mouse Resource & Research Centers." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MMRRC', 'domain': 'mmrrc.org'})">MMRRC</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6141/ortholog/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Orthologous genes at NCBI." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'NCBI Orthologs', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI Orthologs</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.orthodb.org/?ncbi=6141" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Hierarchical catalogue of orthologs." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrthoDB', 'domain': 'orthodb.org'})">OrthoDB</a></div>
<div><a href="https://wormbase.org/db/gene/gene?name=WBGene00004430;class=Gene" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Database of the biology and genome of Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name'{'name': 'Wormbase Gene', 'domain': 'wormbase.org'})">Wormbase Gene</a></div>
<div><a href="https://zfin.org/ZDB-GENE-040801-165" class="mim-tip-hint" title="The Zebrafish Model Organism Database." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ZFin', 'domain': 'zfin.org'})">ZFin</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimCellularPathways">
<span class="panel-title">
<span class="small">
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<div id="mimCellularPathwaysLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">&#9658;</div>
&nbsp;
<div style="display: table-cell;">Cellular Pathways</div>
</div>
</a>
</span>
</span>
</div>
<div id="mimCellularPathwaysLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
<div><a href="https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/get_linkdb?-t+pathway+hsa:6141" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; diagrams of signaling pathways." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'KEGG', 'domain': 'genome.jp'})">KEGG</a></div>
<div><a href="https://reactome.org/content/query?q=RPL18&species=Homo+sapiens&types=Reaction&types=Pathway&cluster=true" class="definition" title="Protein-specific information in the context of relevant cellular pathways." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {{'name': 'Reactome', 'domain': 'reactome.org'}})">Reactome</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<span>
<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>Looking for this gene or this phenotype in other resources?</strong>" qtip_text="Select a related resource from the dropdown menu and click for a targeted link to information directly relevant.">
&nbsp;
</span>
</span>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-8 col-lg-pull-2 col-md-8 col-md-pull-2 col-sm-8 col-sm-pull-2 col-xs-12">
<div>
<a id="title" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div>
<a id="number" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="text-right">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div>
<span class="h3">
<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Gene description">
<span class="text-danger"><strong>*</strong></span>
604179
</span>
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h3>
<span class="mim-font">
RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L18; RPL18
</span>
</h3>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="approvedGeneSymbols" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<p>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<strong><em>HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: <a href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/genes?query=RPL18" class="mim-tip-hint" title="HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'HGNC', 'domain': 'genenames.org'})">RPL18</a></em></strong>
</span>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<a id="cytogeneticLocation" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<p>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<strong>
<em>
Cytogenetic location: <a href="/geneMap/19/902?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=902">19q13.33</a>
&nbsp;
Genomic coordinates <span class="small">(GRCh38)</span> : <a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&position=chr19:48615331-48619178&dgv=pack&knownGene=pack&omimGene=pack" class="mim-tip-hint" title="UCSC Genome Browser; reference sequences and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'UCSC Genome Browser', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">19:48,615,331-48,619,178</a> </span>
</em>
</strong>
<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" target="_blank" class="small"> (from NCBI) </a>
</span>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<a id="geneMap" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div style="margin-bottom: 10px;">
<span class="h4 mim-font">
<strong>Gene-Phenotype Relationships</strong>
</span>
</div>
<div>
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover small mim-table-padding">
<thead>
<tr class="active">
<th>
Location
</th>
<th>
Phenotype
</th>
<th>
Phenotype <br /> MIM number
</th>
<th>
Inheritance
</th>
<th>
Phenotype <br /> mapping key
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1">
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/19/902?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=902">
19q13.33
</a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
?Diamond-Blackfan anemia 18
<span class="mim-tip-hint" title="A question mark (?) indicates that the relationship between the phenotype and gene is provisional">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign" aria-hidden="true"></span>
</span>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/618310"> 618310 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal dominant">AD</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known">3</abbr>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
PheneGene Graphics <span class="caret"></span>
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<ul class="dropdown-menu" style="width: 17em;">
<li><a href="/graph/linear/604179" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Linear'})"> Linear </a></li>
<li><a href="/graph/radial/604179" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Radial'})"> Radial </a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign mim-tip-hint" title="OMIM PheneGene graphics depict relationships between phenotypes, groups of related phenotypes (Phenotypic Series), and genes.<br /><a href='/static/omim/pdf/OMIM_Graphics.pdf' target='_blank'>A quick reference overview and guide (PDF)</a>"></span>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<a id="text" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<span class="mim-tip-floating" qtip_title="<strong>Looking For More References?</strong>" qtip_text="Click the 'reference plus' icon &lt;span class='glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign'&gt;&lt;/span&gt at the end of each OMIM text paragraph to see more references related to the content of the preceding paragraph.">
<strong>TEXT</strong>
</span>
</span>
</h4>
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<a id="description" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimDescriptionFold" id="mimDescriptionToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span id="mimDescriptionToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Description</strong>
</span>
</h4>
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<div id="mimDescriptionFold" class="collapse in ">
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>The mammalian ribosome is composed of 4 RNA species (see <a href="/entry/180450">180450</a>) and approximately 80 different proteins (see <a href="/entry/180466">180466</a>).</p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="cloning" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimCloningFold" id="mimCloningToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span id="mimCloningToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Cloning and Expression</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<div id="mimCloningFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Puder, M., Barnard, G. F., Staniunas, R. J., Steele, G. D., Jr., Chen, L. B. &lt;strong&gt;Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of human ribosomal protein L18.&lt;/strong&gt; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1216: 134-136, 1993.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8218404/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;8218404&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4781(93)90050-n&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="8218404">Puder et al. (1993)</a> isolated a partial human RPL18 cDNA from a cDNA library generated by subtracting a normal colon cDNA library from a colon tumor cDNA library. By PCR of a human normal colon cDNA library using oligonucleotides based on the partial cDNA, they cloned a full-length RPL18 cDNA. The deduced 188-amino acid human RPL18 protein is 97% identical to rat Rpl18. Northern blot analysis detected an approximately 650-bp RPL18 transcript in human liver and colon. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=8218404" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
</span>
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<br />
</div>
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<div>
<a id="mapping" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimMappingFold" id="mimMappingToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span id="mimMappingToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Mapping</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<div id="mimMappingFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>By somatic cell hybrid and radiation hybrid mapping analyses, <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Kenmochi, N., Kawaguchi, T., Rozen, S., Davis, E., Goodman, N., Hudson, T. J., Tanaka, T., Page, D. C. &lt;strong&gt;A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes.&lt;/strong&gt; Genome Res. 8: 509-523, 1998.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9582194/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;9582194&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.8.5.509&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="9582194">Kenmochi et al. (1998)</a> mapped the human RPL18 gene to chromosome 19q. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9582194" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
</span>
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<br />
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="molecularGenetics" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimMolecularGeneticsFold" id="mimMolecularGeneticsToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span id="mimMolecularGeneticsToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<div id="mimMolecularGeneticsFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>In a father and son (family NCI-172) with Diamond-Blackfan anemia-18 (DBA18; <a href="/entry/618310">618310</a>), <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Mirabello, L., Khincha, P. P., Ellis, S. R., Giri, N., Brodie, S., Chandrasekharappa, S. C., Donovan, F. X., Zhou, W., Hicks, B. D., Boland, J. F., Yeager, M., Jones, K., Zhu, B., Wang, M., Alter, B. P., Savage, S. A. &lt;strong&gt;Novel and known ribosomal causes of Diamond-Blackfan anaemia identified through comprehensive genomic characterisation.&lt;/strong&gt; J. Med. Genet. 54: 417-425, 2017.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28280134/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;28280134&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104346&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="28280134">Mirabello et al. (2017)</a> identified a heterozygous missense mutation in the RPL18 gene (L51S; <a href="#0001">604179.0001</a>). Analysis of pre-rRNA processing in patient cells showed an increase in the 36S subunit compared to controls, indicating a defect in pre-rRNA processing. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=28280134" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="allelicVariants" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<span href="#mimAllelicVariantsFold" id="mimAllelicVariantsToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span id="mimAllelicVariantsToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<strong>ALLELIC VARIANTS (<a href="/help/faq#1_4"></strong>
</span>
<strong>1 Selected Example</a>):</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<p />
</div>
<div id="mimAllelicVariantsFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
<div>
<a href="/allelicVariants/604179" class="btn btn-default" role="button"> Table View </a>
&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar?term=604179[MIM]" class="btn btn-default mim-tip-hint" role="button" title="ClinVar aggregates information about sequence variation and its relationship to human health." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinVar', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">ClinVar</a>
</div>
<div>
<p />
</div>
<div>
<div>
<a id="0001" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>.0001&nbsp;DIAMOND-BLACKFAN ANEMIA 18 (1 family)</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<div style="float: left;">
RPL18, LEU51SER
</div>
</span>
&nbsp;&nbsp;
<div class="btn-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs dropdown-toggle mim-font" data-toggle="dropdown">rs1568425218 <span class="caret"></span></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Variation/Summary?v=rs1568425218;toggle_HGVS_names=open" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'ensembl.org'})">Ensembl</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp/?term=rs1568425218" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">NCBI</a></li> <li><a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&db=hg38&clinvar=pack&omimAvSnp=pack&position=rs1568425218" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'dbSNP', 'domain': 'genome.ucsc.edu'})">UCSC</a></li> </ul> </div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar?term=RCV000754828" target="_blank" class="btn btn-default btn-xs mim-tip-hint" title="RCV000754828" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'ClinVar', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">RCV000754828</a>
</span>
</div>
<div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>In a father and son (family NCI-172) with Diamond-Blackfan anemia-18 (DBA18; <a href="/entry/618310">618310</a>), <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Mirabello, L., Khincha, P. P., Ellis, S. R., Giri, N., Brodie, S., Chandrasekharappa, S. C., Donovan, F. X., Zhou, W., Hicks, B. D., Boland, J. F., Yeager, M., Jones, K., Zhu, B., Wang, M., Alter, B. P., Savage, S. A. &lt;strong&gt;Novel and known ribosomal causes of Diamond-Blackfan anaemia identified through comprehensive genomic characterisation.&lt;/strong&gt; J. Med. Genet. 54: 417-425, 2017.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28280134/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;28280134&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104346&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="28280134">Mirabello et al. (2017)</a> identified a heterozygous mutation in the RPL18 gene (g.49120619T-C, GRCh37) resulting in a leu51-to-ser (L51S) substitution. The mutation, which was found by whole-exome sequencing, was not found in the 1000 Genomes Project, Exome Variant Server, or ExAC databases. Analysis of pre-rRNA processing in patient cells showed an increase in the 36S subunit compared to controls, indicating a defect in pre-rRNA processing. The patients were part of a cohort of 87 families with a similar disorder who underwent genetic analysis; mutations in known DBA-associated genes were excluded in the family. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=28280134" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
</span>
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<br />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="references"class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimReferencesFold" id="mimReferencesToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span class="mim-font">
<span id="mimReferencesToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<p />
</div>
<div id="mimReferencesFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
<ol>
<li>
<a id="1" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Kenmochi1998" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
Kenmochi, N., Kawaguchi, T., Rozen, S., Davis, E., Goodman, N., Hudson, T. J., Tanaka, T., Page, D. C.
<strong>A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes.</strong>
Genome Res. 8: 509-523, 1998.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9582194/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9582194</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9582194" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.8.5.509" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<a id="2" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Mirabello2017" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
Mirabello, L., Khincha, P. P., Ellis, S. R., Giri, N., Brodie, S., Chandrasekharappa, S. C., Donovan, F. X., Zhou, W., Hicks, B. D., Boland, J. F., Yeager, M., Jones, K., Zhu, B., Wang, M., Alter, B. P., Savage, S. A.
<strong>Novel and known ribosomal causes of Diamond-Blackfan anaemia identified through comprehensive genomic characterisation.</strong>
J. Med. Genet. 54: 417-425, 2017.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28280134/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">28280134</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=28280134" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104346" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<a id="3" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Puder1993" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="">
<p class="mim-text-font">
Puder, M., Barnard, G. F., Staniunas, R. J., Steele, G. D., Jr., Chen, L. B.
<strong>Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of human ribosomal protein L18.</strong>
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1216: 134-136, 1993.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8218404/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">8218404</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=8218404" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4781(93)90050-n" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
</p>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="contributors" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-4 col-xs-4">
<span class="mim-text-font">
Contributors:
</span>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 02/05/2019
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="creationDate" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-4 col-xs-4">
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
Creation Date:
</span>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
Patti M. Sherman : 9/21/1999
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="editHistory" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-4 col-xs-4">
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
<a href="#mimCollapseEditHistory" role="button" data-toggle="collapse"> Edit History: </a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
alopez : 02/06/2019
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row collapse" id="mimCollapseEditHistory">
<div class="col-lg-offset-2 col-md-offset-2 col-sm-offset-4 col-xs-offset-4 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
ckniffin : 02/05/2019<br>carol : 06/21/2014<br>mgross : 9/23/1999<br>psherman : 9/22/1999<br>psherman : 9/22/1999
</span>
</div>
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</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container visible-print-block">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-1">
<div>
<div>
<h3>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>*</strong> 604179
</span>
</h3>
</div>
<div>
<h3>
<span class="mim-font">
RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L18; RPL18
</span>
</h3>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<strong><em>HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: RPL18</em></strong>
</span>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<strong>
<em>
Cytogenetic location: 19q13.33
&nbsp;
Genomic coordinates <span class="small">(GRCh38)</span> : 19:48,615,331-48,619,178 </span>
</em>
</strong>
<span class="small">(from NCBI)</span>
</span>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Gene-Phenotype Relationships</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed small mim-table-padding">
<thead>
<tr class="active">
<th>
Location
</th>
<th>
Phenotype
</th>
<th>
Phenotype <br /> MIM number
</th>
<th>
Inheritance
</th>
<th>
Phenotype <br /> mapping key
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1">
<span class="mim-font">
19q13.33
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
?Diamond-Blackfan anemia 18
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
618310
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
Autosomal dominant
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
3
</span>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>TEXT</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Description</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>The mammalian ribosome is composed of 4 RNA species (see 180450) and approximately 80 different proteins (see 180466).</p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Cloning and Expression</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>Puder et al. (1993) isolated a partial human RPL18 cDNA from a cDNA library generated by subtracting a normal colon cDNA library from a colon tumor cDNA library. By PCR of a human normal colon cDNA library using oligonucleotides based on the partial cDNA, they cloned a full-length RPL18 cDNA. The deduced 188-amino acid human RPL18 protein is 97% identical to rat Rpl18. Northern blot analysis detected an approximately 650-bp RPL18 transcript in human liver and colon. </p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Mapping</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>By somatic cell hybrid and radiation hybrid mapping analyses, Kenmochi et al. (1998) mapped the human RPL18 gene to chromosome 19q. </p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>In a father and son (family NCI-172) with Diamond-Blackfan anemia-18 (DBA18; 618310), Mirabello et al. (2017) identified a heterozygous missense mutation in the RPL18 gene (L51S; 604179.0001). Analysis of pre-rRNA processing in patient cells showed an increase in the 36S subunit compared to controls, indicating a defect in pre-rRNA processing. </p>
</span>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>ALLELIC VARIANTS</strong>
</span>
<strong>1 Selected Example):</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<p />
</div>
<div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>.0001 &nbsp; DIAMOND-BLACKFAN ANEMIA 18 (1 family)</strong>
</span>
</h4>
</div>
<div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
RPL18, LEU51SER
<br />
SNP: rs1568425218,
ClinVar: RCV000754828
</span>
</div>
<div>
<span class="mim-text-font">
<p>In a father and son (family NCI-172) with Diamond-Blackfan anemia-18 (DBA18; 618310), Mirabello et al. (2017) identified a heterozygous mutation in the RPL18 gene (g.49120619T-C, GRCh37) resulting in a leu51-to-ser (L51S) substitution. The mutation, which was found by whole-exome sequencing, was not found in the 1000 Genomes Project, Exome Variant Server, or ExAC databases. Analysis of pre-rRNA processing in patient cells showed an increase in the 36S subunit compared to controls, indicating a defect in pre-rRNA processing. The patients were part of a cohort of 87 families with a similar disorder who underwent genetic analysis; mutations in known DBA-associated genes were excluded in the family. </p>
</span>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<p />
</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Kenmochi, N., Kawaguchi, T., Rozen, S., Davis, E., Goodman, N., Hudson, T. J., Tanaka, T., Page, D. C.
<strong>A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes.</strong>
Genome Res. 8: 509-523, 1998.
[PubMed: 9582194]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.8.5.509]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Mirabello, L., Khincha, P. P., Ellis, S. R., Giri, N., Brodie, S., Chandrasekharappa, S. C., Donovan, F. X., Zhou, W., Hicks, B. D., Boland, J. F., Yeager, M., Jones, K., Zhu, B., Wang, M., Alter, B. P., Savage, S. A.
<strong>Novel and known ribosomal causes of Diamond-Blackfan anaemia identified through comprehensive genomic characterisation.</strong>
J. Med. Genet. 54: 417-425, 2017.
[PubMed: 28280134]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104346]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Puder, M., Barnard, G. F., Staniunas, R. J., Steele, G. D., Jr., Chen, L. B.
<strong>Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of human ribosomal protein L18.</strong>
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1216: 134-136, 1993.
[PubMed: 8218404]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4781(93)90050-n]
</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-2 col-xs-2">
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
Contributors:
</span>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 02/05/2019
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-2 col-xs-2">
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
Creation Date:
</span>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
Patti M. Sherman : 9/21/1999
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-2 col-xs-2">
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
Edit History:
</span>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
<span class="mim-text-font">
alopez : 02/06/2019<br>ckniffin : 02/05/2019<br>carol : 06/21/2014<br>mgross : 9/23/1999<br>psherman : 9/22/1999<br>psherman : 9/22/1999
</span>
</div>
</div>
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