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Entry
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- #601067 - USHER SYNDROME, TYPE ID; USH1D
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- OMIM
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<p>
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<span class="h4">#601067</span>
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<br />
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<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
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<a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a>
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<a href="#phenotypeMap"><strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong></a>
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<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/601067"><strong>Clinical Synopsis</strong></a>
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<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS276900"> <strong>Phenotypic Series</strong> </a>
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<a href="#text"><strong>Text</strong></a>
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<a href="#description">Description</a>
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<a href="#clinicalFeatures">Clinical Features</a>
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<a href="#inheritance">Inheritance</a>
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<a href="#mapping">Mapping</a>
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<a href="#molecularGenetics">Molecular Genetics</a>
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<a href="#genotypePhenotypeCorrelations">Genotype/Phenotype Correlations</a>
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<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
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<a href="#contributors"><strong>Contributors</strong></a>
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<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
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<li role="presentation">
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<a href="#editHistory"><strong>Edit History</strong></a>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">External Links</div>
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimClinicalResourcesLinksFold" id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggle" class=" mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">▼</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Clinical Resources</div>
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<div><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=USHER SYNDROME, TYPE ID" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A registry of federally and privately supported clinical trials conducted in the United States and around the world." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Clinical Trials', 'domain': 'clinicaltrials.gov'})">Clinical Trials</a></div>
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<div><a href="#mimEuroGentestFold" id="mimEuroGentestToggle" data-toggle="collapse" class="mim-tip-hint mimTriangleToggle" title="A list of European laboratories that offer genetic testing."><span id="mimEuroGentestToggleTriangle" class="small" style="margin-left: -0.8em;">►</span>EuroGentest</div>
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<div id="mimEuroGentestFold" class="collapse">
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<div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/ClinicalLabs_Search_Simple.php?lng=EN&LnkId=19167&Typ=Pat" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'EuroGentest', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Usher syndrome type 1 </a></div><div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/ClinicalLabs_Search_Simple.php?lng=EN&LnkId=662&Typ=Pat" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'EuroGentest', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Usher syndrome </a></div>
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</div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1265/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Expert-authored, peer-reviewed descriptions of inherited disorders including the uses of genetic testing in diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Gene Reviews', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">Gene Reviews</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.diseaseinfosearch.org/x/7320" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Network of disease-specific advocacy organizations, universities, private companies, government agencies, and public policy organizations." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Genetic Alliance', 'domain': 'diseaseinfosearch.org'})">Genetic Alliance</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/all/tests/?term=601067[mim]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genetic Testing Registry." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GTR', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">GTR</a></div>
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<div><a href="#mimOrphanetFold" id="mimOrphanetToggle" data-toggle="collapse" class="mim-tip-hint mimTriangleToggle" title="European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs."><span id="mimOrphanetToggleTriangle" class="small" style="margin-left: -0.8em;">►</span>Orphanet</div>
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<div id="mimOrphanetFold" class="collapse">
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<div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=231169" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrphaNet', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Usher syndrome type 1</a></div><div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=886" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrphaNet', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Usher syndrome</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<span class="panel-title">
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<span class="small">
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<a href="#mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
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<div style="display: table-row">
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<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
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<div style="display: table-cell;">Animal Models</div>
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</a>
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<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
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<div><a href="https://www.alliancegenome.org/disease/DOID:0110831" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Search Across Species; explore model organism and human comparative genomics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Alliance Genome', 'domain': 'alliancegenome.org'})">Alliance Genome</a></div>
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<div><a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/disease/601067" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotypes, alleles, and disease models from Mouse Genome Informatics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MGI Mouse Phenotype', 'domain': 'informatics.jax.org'})">MGI Mouse Phenotype</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://omia.org/OMIA002584/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) is a database of genes, inherited disorders and traits in 191 animal species (other than human and mouse.)" target="_blank">OMIA</a></div>
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<div><a href="https://wormbase.org/resources/disease/DOID:0110831" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Database of the biology and genome of Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Wormbase Disease Ontology', 'domain': 'wormbase.org'})">Wormbase Disease Ontology</a></div>
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<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>Looking for this gene or this phenotype in other resources?</strong>" qtip_text="Select a related resource from the dropdown menu and click for a targeted link to information directly relevant.">
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<a id="title" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="number" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div class="text-right">
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<a href="#" class="mim-tip-icd" qtip_title="<strong>ICD+</strong>" qtip_text="
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<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 231169, 886<br />
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<strong>DO:</strong> 0110831<br />
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">ICD+</a>
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<span class="h3">
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<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotype description, molecular basis known">
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<span class="text-danger"><strong>#</strong></span>
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601067
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</span>
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</span>
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<div>
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<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h3>
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<span class="mim-font">
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USHER SYNDROME, TYPE ID; USH1D
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</span>
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</h3>
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<div>
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<br />
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<a id="includedTitles" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<div>
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<p>
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<span class="mim-font">
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Other entities represented in this entry:
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</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div>
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<span class="h3 mim-font">
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USHER SYNDROME, TYPE ID/F, CDH23/PCDH15, DIGENIC, INCLUDED
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</span>
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</div>
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<div>
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<span class="h4 mim-font">
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USH1D/F, CDH23/PCDH15, DIGENIC, INCLUDED
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<a id="phenotypeMap" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover small mim-table-padding">
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Location
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Phenotype
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> MIM number
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</th>
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<th>
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Inheritance
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</th>
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> mapping key
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</th>
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<th>
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Gene/Locus
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</th>
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<th>
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Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
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<tbody>
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<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/209?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=209">
|
|
10q21.1
|
|
</a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
Usher syndrome, type 1D/F digenic
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> 601067 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic recessive">DR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
PCDH15
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605514"> 605514 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/281?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=281">
|
|
10q22.1
|
|
</a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
Usher syndrome, type 1D
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> 601067 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic recessive">DR</abbr>
|
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|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
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|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
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<span class="mim-font">
|
|
CDH23
|
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</span>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605516"> 605516 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
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</td>
|
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</tr>
|
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|
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<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/281?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=281">
|
|
10q22.1
|
|
</a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
Usher syndrome, type 1D/F digenic
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> 601067 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic recessive">DR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
CDH23
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605516"> 605516 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
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</div>
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<div>
|
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|
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<div class="btn-group ">
|
|
<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/601067" class="btn btn-warning" role="button"> Clinical Synopsis </a>
|
|
<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'ClinicalSynopsis', 'omim.org')">
|
|
<span class="caret"></span>
|
|
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="btn-group">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS276900" class="btn btn-info" role="button"> Phenotypic Series </a>
|
|
|
|
<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'PhenotypicSeries', 'omim.org')">
|
|
<span class="caret"></span>
|
|
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
<div class="btn-group">
|
|
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
PheneGene Graphics <span class="caret"></span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu" style="width: 17em;">
|
|
<li><a href="/graph/linear/601067" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Linear'})"> Linear </a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="/graph/radial/601067" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Radial'})"> Radial </a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign mim-tip-hint" title="OMIM PheneGene graphics depict relationships between phenotypes, groups of related phenotypes (Phenotypic Series), and genes.<br /><a href='/static/omim/pdf/OMIM_Graphics.pdf' target='_blank'>A quick reference overview and guide (PDF)</a>"></span>
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|
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<div>
|
|
<p />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimClinicalSynopsisFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
|
|
<div class="small" style="margin: 5px">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> INHERITANCE </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Autosomal recessive <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/258211005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">258211005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0441748&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0441748</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000007</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000007</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Digenic recessive <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1865278&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1865278</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</div>
|
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|
|
</div>
|
|
|
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</div>
|
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|
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<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> HEAD & NECK </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Ears </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Hearing loss, congenital profound <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1847090&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1847090</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/95828007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">95828007</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H90.5" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H90.5</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Vestibular dysfunction <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1848606&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1848606</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1843865&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1843865</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001751" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001751</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001756" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001756</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001756" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001756</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Eyes </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Retinitis pigmentosa <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/28835009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">28835009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H35.52" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H35.52</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0035334&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0035334</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000510" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000510</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000510" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000510</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
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|
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|
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</div>
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</div>
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|
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|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> MISCELLANEOUS </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Allelic to deafness, autosomal recessive 12 (<a href="/entry/601386">601386</a>)<br /> -
|
|
Second most common form of Usher syndrome type I<br /> -
|
|
Digenic form type ID/F caused by digenic mutation in the CDH23 and PCDH15 (<a href="/entry/605514">605514</a>) genes<br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> MOLECULAR BASIS </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Caused by mutation in the cadherin 23 gene (CDH23, <a href="/entry/605516#0001">605516.0001</a>)<br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="text-right">
|
|
<a href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" data-toggle="collapse">▲ Close</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
|
|
<div class="small">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12">
|
|
<h5>
|
|
Usher syndrome
|
|
- <a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS276900">PS276900</a>
|
|
- 20 Entries
|
|
</h5>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="row" style="margin-left: 0.125em; margin-right: 0.125em;">
|
|
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover mim-table-padding">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Location</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-5 col-md-5 col-sm-5 col-xs-6 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Inheritance</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype<br />mapping key</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype<br />MIM number</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Gene/Locus</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Gene/Locus<br />MIM number</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/1/1707?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=1707"> 1q41 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/276901"> Usher syndrome, type 2A </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/276901"> 276901 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608400"> USH2A </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/608400"> 608400 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/3/783?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=783"> 3q25.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/276902"> Usher syndrome, type 3A </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/276902"> 276902 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/606397"> CLRN1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/606397"> 606397 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/5/322?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=322"> 5q14.3 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605472"> Usher syndrome, type 2C, GPR98/PDZD7 digenic </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic dominant">DD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605472"> 605472 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/602851"> ADGRV1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/602851"> 602851 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/5/322?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=322"> 5q14.3 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605472"> Usher syndrome, type 2C </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic dominant">DD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605472"> 605472 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/602851"> ADGRV1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/602851"> 602851 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/5/544?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=544"> 5q31.3 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614504"> Usher syndrome type 3B </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614504"> 614504 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/142810"> HARS1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/142810"> 142810 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/9/443?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=443"> 9q32 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/611383"> Usher syndrome, type 2D </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/611383"> 611383 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607928"> WHRN </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607928"> 607928 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/144?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=144"> 10p11.21-q21.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614990"> Usher syndrome, type IK </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614990"> 614990 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614990"> USH1K </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/614990"> 614990 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/209?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=209"> 10q21.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/602083"> Usher syndrome, type 1F </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/602083"> 602083 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605514"> PCDH15 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605514"> 605514 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/209?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=209"> 10q21.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> Usher syndrome, type 1D/F digenic </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic recessive">DR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> 601067 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605514"> PCDH15 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605514"> 605514 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/281?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=281"> 10q22.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> Usher syndrome, type 1D/F digenic </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic recessive">DR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> 601067 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605516"> CDH23 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605516"> 605516 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/281?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=281"> 10q22.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> Usher syndrome, type 1D </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic recessive">DR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/601067"> 601067 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605516"> CDH23 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605516"> 605516 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/491?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=491"> 10q24.31 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/276901"> {Retinal disease in Usher syndrome type IIA, modifier of} </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/276901"> 276901 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612971"> PDZD7 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612971"> 612971 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/10/491?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=491"> 10q24.31 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605472"> Usher syndrome, type IIC, GPR98/PDZD7 digenic </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Digenic dominant">DD</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605472"> 605472 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612971"> PDZD7 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612971"> 612971 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/11/210?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=210"> 11p15.1 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/276904"> Usher syndrome, type 1C </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/276904"> 276904 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605242"> USH1C </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/605242"> 605242 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
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<a href="/geneMap/11/775?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=775"> 11q13.5 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/276900"> Usher syndrome, type 1B </a>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/276900"> 276900 </a>
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<a href="/entry/276903"> MYO7A </a>
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<a href="/entry/276903"> 276903 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/612632"> Usher syndrome, type 1H </a>
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
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<a href="/entry/612632"> 612632 </a>
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<a href="/entry/612632"> USH1H </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/612632"> 612632 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614869"> Usher syndrome, type IJ </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/614869"> 614869 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/605564"> CIB2 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/605564"> 605564 </a>
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<a href="/geneMap/17/879?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=879"> 17q24.2 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/618144"> Usher syndrome, type IV </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/618144"> 618144 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/610008"> ARSG </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/610008"> 610008 </a>
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<a href="/geneMap/17/925?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=925"> 17q25.1 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/606943"> Usher syndrome, type 1G </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/606943"> 606943 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/607696"> USH1G </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/607696"> 607696 </a>
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<a href="/geneMap/21/16?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=16"> 21q21 </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/602097"> Usher syndrome, type 1E </a>
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</span>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
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</td>
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<td>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/602097"> 602097 </a>
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</span>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/602097"> USH1E </a>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<a href="/entry/602097"> 602097 </a>
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<div class="text-right small">
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<a href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" data-toggle="collapse">▲ Close</a>
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<a id="text" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<h4 href="#mimTextFold" id="mimTextToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<span class="mim-font">
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<span class="mim-tip-floating" qtip_title="<strong>Looking For More References?</strong>" qtip_text="Click the 'reference plus' icon <span class='glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign'></span> at the end of each OMIM text paragraph to see more references related to the content of the preceding paragraph.">
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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</h4>
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<div id="mimTextFold" class="collapse in ">
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because Usher syndrome type ID (USH1D) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the gene encoding cadherin-23 (CDH23; <a href="/entry/605516">605516</a>) on chromosome 10q22. The same gene is the site of mutation in a form of nonsyndromic autosomal recessive deafness, DFNB12 (<a href="/entry/601386">601386</a>).</p><p>Type ID/F Usher syndrome is caused by digenic mutation in the CDH23 and PCDH15 (<a href="/entry/605514">605514</a>) genes.</p>
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<a id="description" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<span id="mimDescriptionToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
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<strong>Description</strong>
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<div id="mimDescriptionFold" class="collapse in ">
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<p>Usher syndrome type I is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by profound congenital hearing impairment with unintelligible speech, early retinitis pigmentosa (usually evident within the first decade), and constant vestibular dysfunction. Type I is distinguished from type II (<a href="/entry/276901">276901</a>) on the basis of severity of hearing loss and the extent of vestibular involvement. Type I patients are profoundly deaf, whereas type II patients are 'hard of hearing.' Vestibular function is defective in type I patients, whereas type II patients have normal vestibular function (<a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Moller, C. G., Kimberling, W. J., Davenport, S. L. H., Priluck, I., White, V., Biscone-Halterman, K., Odkvist, L. M., Brookhouser, P. E., Lund, G., Grissom, T. J. <strong>Usher syndrome: an otoneurologic study.</strong> Laryngoscope 99: 73-79, 1989.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2909824/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">2909824</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1288/00005537-198901000-00014" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="2909824">Moller et al., 1989</a>). Patients with type III (USH3; <a href="/entry/276902">276902</a>) have progressive hearing loss. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=2909824" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Usher syndrome type I, see <a href="/entry/276900">276900</a>.</p>
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<br />
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<strong>Clinical Features</strong>
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<p><a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Wayne, S., Der Kaloustian, V. M., Schloss, M., Polomeno, R., Scott, D. A., Hejtmancik, J. F., Sheffield, V. C., Smith, R. J. H. <strong>Localization of the Usher syndrome type ID gene (Ush1D) to chromosome 10.</strong> Hum. Molec. Genet. 5: 1689-1692, 1996.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8894709/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">8894709</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/5.10.1689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="8894709">Wayne et al. (1996)</a> reported that a first-cousin union in a family of Pakistani origin produced 4 children with clinical signs of Usher syndrome, including profound prelingual auditory impairment of sensorineural type, congenital vestibular dysfunction, and progressive pigmentary retinopathy. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=8894709" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<a id="inheritance" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<strong>Inheritance</strong>
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</h4>
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<p>The transmission pattern of USH1D in the families reported by <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Bolz, H., von Brederlow, B., Ramirez, A., Bryda, E. C., Kutsche, K., Nothwang, H. G., Seeliger, M., Cabrera, M. C.-S., Vila, M. C., Molina, O. P., Gal, A., Kubisch, C. <strong>Mutation of CDH23, encoding a new member of the cadherin gene family, causes Usher syndrome type 1D.</strong> Nature Genet. 27: 108-112, 2001.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11138009/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11138009</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/83667" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="11138009">Bolz et al. (2001)</a> was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=11138009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<br />
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<strong>Mapping</strong>
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<p><a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Wayne, S., Der Kaloustian, V. M., Schloss, M., Polomeno, R., Scott, D. A., Hejtmancik, J. F., Sheffield, V. C., Smith, R. J. H. <strong>Localization of the Usher syndrome type ID gene (Ush1D) to chromosome 10.</strong> Hum. Molec. Genet. 5: 1689-1692, 1996.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8894709/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">8894709</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/5.10.1689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="8894709">Wayne et al. (1996)</a> prepared 2 genomic DNA pools, one from affected children from a consanguineous Pakistani family and the other from the first-cousin parents, and screened 161 polymorphic markers evenly spaced across the autosomal genome. The only region showing homozygosity by descent in the affected sibs was a 15-cM interval on chromosome 10 bounded by D10S529 and D10S573. <a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Wayne, S., Der Kaloustian, V. M., Schloss, M., Polomeno, R., Scott, D. A., Hejtmancik, J. F., Sheffield, V. C., Smith, R. J. H. <strong>Localization of the Usher syndrome type ID gene (Ush1D) to chromosome 10.</strong> Hum. Molec. Genet. 5: 1689-1692, 1996.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8894709/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">8894709</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/5.10.1689" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="8894709">Wayne et al. (1996)</a> concluded that this was the location of the gene responsible for Usher syndrome in this family. They symbolized the locus USH1D. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=8894709" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
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<p><strong><em>Usher Syndrome Type ID</em></strong></p><p>
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<a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Bolz, H., von Brederlow, B., Ramirez, A., Bryda, E. C., Kutsche, K., Nothwang, H. G., Seeliger, M., Cabrera, M. C.-S., Vila, M. C., Molina, O. P., Gal, A., Kubisch, C. <strong>Mutation of CDH23, encoding a new member of the cadherin gene family, causes Usher syndrome type 1D.</strong> Nature Genet. 27: 108-112, 2001.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11138009/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11138009</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/83667" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="11138009">Bolz et al. (2001)</a> identified mutations in the CDH23 gene in homozygous or compound heterozygous state in Cuban families and a German patient with USH1D (<a href="/entry/605516#0001">605516.0001</a>-<a href="/entry/605516#0004">605516.0004</a>). <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Di Palma, F., Holme, R. H., Bryda, E. C., Belyantseva, I. A., Pellegrino, R., Kachar, B., Steel, K. P., Noben-Trauth, K. <strong>Mutations in Cdh23, encoding a new type of cadherin, cause stereocilia disorganization in waltzer, the mouse model for Usher syndrome type 1D.</strong> Nature Genet. 27: 103-107, 2001.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11138008/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11138008</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/83660" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="11138008">Di Palma et al. (2001)</a> demonstrated that mutations in the mouse Cdh23 gene are responsible for the 'waltzer' mutation, thus establishing it as a model for USH1D. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=11138008+11138009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><strong><em>Usher Syndrome Type ID/F, CDH23/PCDH15 Digenic</em></strong></p><p>
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Following the demonstration that mice heterozygous for mutations in both Cdh23 and Pcdh15 (<a href="/entry/605514">605514</a>) manifest a progressive hearing loss phenotype, <a href="#6" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Zheng, Q. Y., Yan, D., Ouyang, X. M., Du, L. L., Yu, H., Chang, B., Johnson, K. R., Liu, X. Z. <strong>Digenic inheritance of deafness caused by mutations in genes encoding cadherin 23 and protocadherin 15 in mice and humans.</strong> Hum. Molec. Genet. 14: 103-111, 2005.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15537665/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">15537665</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=15537665[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddi010" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="15537665">Zheng et al. (2005)</a> carried out mutation screening for CDH23 and PCDH15 mutations in 76 probands with a diagnosis of USH1. They found 3 probands who carried heterozygous mutations in both CDH23 and PCDH15. All had profound congenital nonprogressive deafness, vestibular dysfunction, and retinitis pigmentosa. The first proband carried a 3-bp in-frame deletion in PCDH15 (5601delAAC; <a href="/entry/605514#0005">605514.0005</a>) that had been identified in patients with USH1F (<a href="/entry/602083">602083</a>) and a single-basepair deletion in CDH23 (193delC; <a href="/entry/605516#0011">605516.0011</a>) that had been identified in patients with USH1D. The second proband was heterozygous for a 16delT mutation in PCDH15 (<a href="/entry/605514#0008">605514.0008</a>) and a missense mutation in CDH23 (R3189W; <a href="/entry/605516#0012">605516.0012</a>). The third proband was heterozygous for the same in-frame deletion in PCDH15 as the first proband, and homozygous for a previously identified missense mutation in CDH23 (T1209A; <a href="/entry/605516#0013">605516.0013</a>). The CDH23 T1209A mutation had been identified in USH1D patients, and the authors suggested that the more severe phenotype in this patient was due to a modifier effect of the PCDH15 5601delAAC mutation. (The CDH23 T1209A mutation was later reclassified as a variant of unknown significance.) All mutations were considered pathogenic because of their location in functionally important and evolutionarily conserved domains and their absence in 100 unrelated controls. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=15537665" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><strong><em>Reclassified Variants</em></strong></p><p>
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The T1209A variant reported by <a href="#6" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Zheng, Q. Y., Yan, D., Ouyang, X. M., Du, L. L., Yu, H., Chang, B., Johnson, K. R., Liu, X. Z. <strong>Digenic inheritance of deafness caused by mutations in genes encoding cadherin 23 and protocadherin 15 in mice and humans.</strong> Hum. Molec. Genet. 14: 103-111, 2005.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15537665/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">15537665</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=15537665[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddi010" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="15537665">Zheng et al. (2005)</a> has been reclassified as a variant of unknown significance; see <a href="/entry/605516#0013">605516.0013</a>. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=15537665" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>Nonsyndromic DFNB12 deafness is associated with CDH23 missense mutations that are presumed to be hypomorphic alleles with sufficient residual activity for retinal and vestibular function, but not for auditory cochlear function. In contrast, homozygous nonsense, frameshift, splice site and some missense mutations of CDH23, or a combination of these USH1D alleles in a compound heterozygote, cause USH1D. <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Schultz, J. M., Bhatti, R., Madeo, A. C., Turriff, A., Muskett, J. A., Zalewski, C. K., King, K. A., Ahmed, Z. M., Riazuddin, S., Ahmad, N., Hussain, Z., Qasim, M., and 12 others. <strong>Allelic hierarchy of CDH23 mutations causing non-syndromic deafness DFNB12 or Usher syndrome USH1D in compound heterozygotes.</strong> J. Med. Genet. 48: 767-775, 2011.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21940737/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">21940737</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100262" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="21940737">Schultz et al. (2011)</a> identified 12 different homozygous CDH23 missense mutations, including 8 novel mutations, in 13 families with DFNB12. All were missense, except 1 in-frame deletion. Ten different homozygous mutations were found in 14 families and 1 singleton with USH1D. These latter mutations were mostly nonsense, frameshift, or splice site mutations, but there was 1 in-frame deletion and 2 missense mutations. Affected individuals in 3 additional families were found to carry compound heterozygous mutations in the CDH23 gene, with the different alleles being associated with either DFNB12 or USH1D. Based on the phenotypes within families, the results indicated that USH1D occurs only when there are 2 USH1D alleles in trans. In contrast, when there is a DFNB12 allele in trans with a USH1D allele, the phenotype is DFNB12. The findings indicated that a DFNB12 allele is phenotypically dominant to a USH1D allele, and can preserve normal retinal and vestibular function even in the presence of a USH1D allele. <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Schultz, J. M., Bhatti, R., Madeo, A. C., Turriff, A., Muskett, J. A., Zalewski, C. K., King, K. A., Ahmed, Z. M., Riazuddin, S., Ahmad, N., Hussain, Z., Qasim, M., and 12 others. <strong>Allelic hierarchy of CDH23 mutations causing non-syndromic deafness DFNB12 or Usher syndrome USH1D in compound heterozygotes.</strong> J. Med. Genet. 48: 767-775, 2011.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21940737/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">21940737</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100262" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="21940737">Schultz et al. (2011)</a> noted the implications for genetic counseling. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=21940737" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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Bolz, H., von Brederlow, B., Ramirez, A., Bryda, E. C., Kutsche, K., Nothwang, H. G., Seeliger, M., Cabrera, M. C.-S., Vila, M. C., Molina, O. P., Gal, A., Kubisch, C.
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<strong>Mutation of CDH23, encoding a new member of the cadherin gene family, causes Usher syndrome type 1D.</strong>
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Nature Genet. 27: 108-112, 2001.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11138009/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11138009</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=11138009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/83667" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Di Palma, F., Holme, R. H., Bryda, E. C., Belyantseva, I. A., Pellegrino, R., Kachar, B., Steel, K. P., Noben-Trauth, K.
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<strong>Mutations in Cdh23, encoding a new type of cadherin, cause stereocilia disorganization in waltzer, the mouse model for Usher syndrome type 1D.</strong>
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Nature Genet. 27: 103-107, 2001.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11138008/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11138008</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=11138008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/83660" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Moller, C. G., Kimberling, W. J., Davenport, S. L. H., Priluck, I., White, V., Biscone-Halterman, K., Odkvist, L. M., Brookhouser, P. E., Lund, G., Grissom, T. J.
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<strong>Usher syndrome: an otoneurologic study.</strong>
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Laryngoscope 99: 73-79, 1989.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2909824/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">2909824</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=2909824" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1288/00005537-198901000-00014" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Schultz, J. M., Bhatti, R., Madeo, A. C., Turriff, A., Muskett, J. A., Zalewski, C. K., King, K. A., Ahmed, Z. M., Riazuddin, S., Ahmad, N., Hussain, Z., Qasim, M., and 12 others.
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<strong>Allelic hierarchy of CDH23 mutations causing non-syndromic deafness DFNB12 or Usher syndrome USH1D in compound heterozygotes.</strong>
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J. Med. Genet. 48: 767-775, 2011.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21940737/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">21940737</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=21940737" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100262" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Wayne, S., Der Kaloustian, V. M., Schloss, M., Polomeno, R., Scott, D. A., Hejtmancik, J. F., Sheffield, V. C., Smith, R. J. H.
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<strong>Localization of the Usher syndrome type ID gene (Ush1D) to chromosome 10.</strong>
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Hum. Molec. Genet. 5: 1689-1692, 1996.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8894709/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">8894709</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=8894709" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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Zheng, Q. Y., Yan, D., Ouyang, X. M., Du, L. L., Yu, H., Chang, B., Johnson, K. R., Liu, X. Z.
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<strong>Digenic inheritance of deafness caused by mutations in genes encoding cadherin 23 and protocadherin 15 in mice and humans.</strong>
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Hum. Molec. Genet. 14: 103-111, 2005.
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[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15537665/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">15537665</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=15537665[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=15537665" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
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[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddi010" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 3/19/2012
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George E. Tiller - updated : 10/31/2007<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 1/23/2001<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 1/2/2001<br>Moyra Smith - updated : 12/20/1996
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Victor A. McKusick : 2/12/1996
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alopez : 06/20/2024
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carol : 10/06/2022<br>alopez : 09/02/2021<br>carol : 04/16/2014<br>carol : 4/16/2014<br>carol : 4/15/2014<br>mcolton : 4/15/2014<br>alopez : 3/22/2012<br>terry : 3/19/2012<br>ckniffin : 3/19/2012<br>alopez : 2/3/2012<br>carol : 5/6/2011<br>terry : 5/5/2011<br>alopez : 4/6/2010<br>alopez : 3/18/2008<br>alopez : 11/5/2007<br>terry : 10/31/2007<br>carol : 2/28/2006<br>alopez : 1/26/2006<br>joanna : 12/7/2001<br>carol : 1/23/2001<br>terry : 1/23/2001<br>mgross : 1/2/2001<br>terry : 10/29/1997<br>alopez : 7/30/1997<br>mark : 7/8/1997<br>mark : 1/24/1997<br>mark : 12/23/1996<br>jamie : 12/20/1996<br>terry : 5/24/1996<br>mark : 2/17/1996<br>mark : 2/12/1996
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>#</strong> 601067
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<h3>
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USHER SYNDROME, TYPE ID; USH1D
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<span class="mim-font">
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Other entities represented in this entry:
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<span class="h3 mim-font">
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USHER SYNDROME, TYPE ID/F, CDH23/PCDH15, DIGENIC, INCLUDED
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<span class="h4 mim-font">
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USH1D/F, CDH23/PCDH15, DIGENIC, INCLUDED
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<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 231169, 886;
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<strong>DO:</strong> 0110831;
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<h4>
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<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
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<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed small mim-table-padding">
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Location
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Phenotype
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<th>
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Phenotype <br /> MIM number
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Inheritance
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Phenotype <br /> mapping key
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Gene/Locus
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Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
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<span class="mim-font">
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10q21.1
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<span class="mim-font">
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Usher syndrome, type 1D/F digenic
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<span class="mim-font">
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601067
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Autosomal recessive; Digenic recessive
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<span class="mim-font">
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3
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PCDH15
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605514
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10q22.1
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<span class="mim-font">
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Usher syndrome, type 1D
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<span class="mim-font">
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601067
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<span class="mim-font">
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Autosomal recessive; Digenic recessive
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<span class="mim-font">
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3
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CDH23
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<span class="mim-font">
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605516
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10q22.1
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Usher syndrome, type 1D/F digenic
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<span class="mim-font">
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601067
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<span class="mim-font">
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Autosomal recessive; Digenic recessive
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<span class="mim-font">
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3
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CDH23
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<span class="mim-font">
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605516
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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</h4>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because Usher syndrome type ID (USH1D) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the gene encoding cadherin-23 (CDH23; 605516) on chromosome 10q22. The same gene is the site of mutation in a form of nonsyndromic autosomal recessive deafness, DFNB12 (601386).</p><p>Type ID/F Usher syndrome is caused by digenic mutation in the CDH23 and PCDH15 (605514) genes.</p>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Description</strong>
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</div>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Usher syndrome type I is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by profound congenital hearing impairment with unintelligible speech, early retinitis pigmentosa (usually evident within the first decade), and constant vestibular dysfunction. Type I is distinguished from type II (276901) on the basis of severity of hearing loss and the extent of vestibular involvement. Type I patients are profoundly deaf, whereas type II patients are 'hard of hearing.' Vestibular function is defective in type I patients, whereas type II patients have normal vestibular function (Moller et al., 1989). Patients with type III (USH3; 276902) have progressive hearing loss. </p><p>For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Usher syndrome type I, see 276900.</p>
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<h4>
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<strong>Clinical Features</strong>
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</h4>
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<p>Wayne et al. (1996) reported that a first-cousin union in a family of Pakistani origin produced 4 children with clinical signs of Usher syndrome, including profound prelingual auditory impairment of sensorineural type, congenital vestibular dysfunction, and progressive pigmentary retinopathy. </p>
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<h4>
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<strong>Inheritance</strong>
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</h4>
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<p>The transmission pattern of USH1D in the families reported by Bolz et al. (2001) was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. </p>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Mapping</strong>
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</h4>
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</div>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Wayne et al. (1996) prepared 2 genomic DNA pools, one from affected children from a consanguineous Pakistani family and the other from the first-cousin parents, and screened 161 polymorphic markers evenly spaced across the autosomal genome. The only region showing homozygosity by descent in the affected sibs was a 15-cM interval on chromosome 10 bounded by D10S529 and D10S573. Wayne et al. (1996) concluded that this was the location of the gene responsible for Usher syndrome in this family. They symbolized the locus USH1D. </p>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
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<p><strong><em>Usher Syndrome Type ID</em></strong></p><p>
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Bolz et al. (2001) identified mutations in the CDH23 gene in homozygous or compound heterozygous state in Cuban families and a German patient with USH1D (605516.0001-605516.0004). Di Palma et al. (2001) demonstrated that mutations in the mouse Cdh23 gene are responsible for the 'waltzer' mutation, thus establishing it as a model for USH1D. </p><p><strong><em>Usher Syndrome Type ID/F, CDH23/PCDH15 Digenic</em></strong></p><p>
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Following the demonstration that mice heterozygous for mutations in both Cdh23 and Pcdh15 (605514) manifest a progressive hearing loss phenotype, Zheng et al. (2005) carried out mutation screening for CDH23 and PCDH15 mutations in 76 probands with a diagnosis of USH1. They found 3 probands who carried heterozygous mutations in both CDH23 and PCDH15. All had profound congenital nonprogressive deafness, vestibular dysfunction, and retinitis pigmentosa. The first proband carried a 3-bp in-frame deletion in PCDH15 (5601delAAC; 605514.0005) that had been identified in patients with USH1F (602083) and a single-basepair deletion in CDH23 (193delC; 605516.0011) that had been identified in patients with USH1D. The second proband was heterozygous for a 16delT mutation in PCDH15 (605514.0008) and a missense mutation in CDH23 (R3189W; 605516.0012). The third proband was heterozygous for the same in-frame deletion in PCDH15 as the first proband, and homozygous for a previously identified missense mutation in CDH23 (T1209A; 605516.0013). The CDH23 T1209A mutation had been identified in USH1D patients, and the authors suggested that the more severe phenotype in this patient was due to a modifier effect of the PCDH15 5601delAAC mutation. (The CDH23 T1209A mutation was later reclassified as a variant of unknown significance.) All mutations were considered pathogenic because of their location in functionally important and evolutionarily conserved domains and their absence in 100 unrelated controls. </p><p><strong><em>Reclassified Variants</em></strong></p><p>
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The T1209A variant reported by Zheng et al. (2005) has been reclassified as a variant of unknown significance; see 605516.0013. </p>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>Genotype/Phenotype Correlations</strong>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
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<p>Nonsyndromic DFNB12 deafness is associated with CDH23 missense mutations that are presumed to be hypomorphic alleles with sufficient residual activity for retinal and vestibular function, but not for auditory cochlear function. In contrast, homozygous nonsense, frameshift, splice site and some missense mutations of CDH23, or a combination of these USH1D alleles in a compound heterozygote, cause USH1D. Schultz et al. (2011) identified 12 different homozygous CDH23 missense mutations, including 8 novel mutations, in 13 families with DFNB12. All were missense, except 1 in-frame deletion. Ten different homozygous mutations were found in 14 families and 1 singleton with USH1D. These latter mutations were mostly nonsense, frameshift, or splice site mutations, but there was 1 in-frame deletion and 2 missense mutations. Affected individuals in 3 additional families were found to carry compound heterozygous mutations in the CDH23 gene, with the different alleles being associated with either DFNB12 or USH1D. Based on the phenotypes within families, the results indicated that USH1D occurs only when there are 2 USH1D alleles in trans. In contrast, when there is a DFNB12 allele in trans with a USH1D allele, the phenotype is DFNB12. The findings indicated that a DFNB12 allele is phenotypically dominant to a USH1D allele, and can preserve normal retinal and vestibular function even in the presence of a USH1D allele. Schultz et al. (2011) noted the implications for genetic counseling. </p>
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<h4>
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<span class="mim-font">
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<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
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</span>
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</h4>
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<div>
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<p />
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</div>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Bolz, H., von Brederlow, B., Ramirez, A., Bryda, E. C., Kutsche, K., Nothwang, H. G., Seeliger, M., Cabrera, M. C.-S., Vila, M. C., Molina, O. P., Gal, A., Kubisch, C.
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<strong>Mutation of CDH23, encoding a new member of the cadherin gene family, causes Usher syndrome type 1D.</strong>
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Nature Genet. 27: 108-112, 2001.
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[PubMed: 11138009]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1038/83667]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Di Palma, F., Holme, R. H., Bryda, E. C., Belyantseva, I. A., Pellegrino, R., Kachar, B., Steel, K. P., Noben-Trauth, K.
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<strong>Mutations in Cdh23, encoding a new type of cadherin, cause stereocilia disorganization in waltzer, the mouse model for Usher syndrome type 1D.</strong>
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Nature Genet. 27: 103-107, 2001.
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[PubMed: 11138008]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1038/83660]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Moller, C. G., Kimberling, W. J., Davenport, S. L. H., Priluck, I., White, V., Biscone-Halterman, K., Odkvist, L. M., Brookhouser, P. E., Lund, G., Grissom, T. J.
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<strong>Usher syndrome: an otoneurologic study.</strong>
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Laryngoscope 99: 73-79, 1989.
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[PubMed: 2909824]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1288/00005537-198901000-00014]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Schultz, J. M., Bhatti, R., Madeo, A. C., Turriff, A., Muskett, J. A., Zalewski, C. K., King, K. A., Ahmed, Z. M., Riazuddin, S., Ahmad, N., Hussain, Z., Qasim, M., and 12 others.
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<strong>Allelic hierarchy of CDH23 mutations causing non-syndromic deafness DFNB12 or Usher syndrome USH1D in compound heterozygotes.</strong>
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J. Med. Genet. 48: 767-775, 2011.
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[PubMed: 21940737]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100262]
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
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Wayne, S., Der Kaloustian, V. M., Schloss, M., Polomeno, R., Scott, D. A., Hejtmancik, J. F., Sheffield, V. C., Smith, R. J. H.
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<strong>Localization of the Usher syndrome type ID gene (Ush1D) to chromosome 10.</strong>
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Hum. Molec. Genet. 5: 1689-1692, 1996.
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[PubMed: 8894709]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/5.10.1689]
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Zheng, Q. Y., Yan, D., Ouyang, X. M., Du, L. L., Yu, H., Chang, B., Johnson, K. R., Liu, X. Z.
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<strong>Digenic inheritance of deafness caused by mutations in genes encoding cadherin 23 and protocadherin 15 in mice and humans.</strong>
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Hum. Molec. Genet. 14: 103-111, 2005.
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[PubMed: 15537665]
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[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddi010]
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 3/19/2012<br>George E. Tiller - updated : 10/31/2007<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 1/23/2001<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 1/2/2001<br>Moyra Smith - updated : 12/20/1996
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Victor A. McKusick : 2/12/1996
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