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<title>
Entry
- #300243 - INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, CHRISTIANSON TYPE; MRXSCH
- OMIM
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<span class="h4">#300243</span>
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<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
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<a href="#phenotypeMap"><strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong></a>
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<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/300243"><strong>Clinical Synopsis</strong></a>
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<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS309510"> <strong>Phenotypic Series</strong> </a>
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<a href="#clinicalFeatures">Clinical Features</a>
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<a href="#diagnosis">Diagnosis</a>
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<a href="#pathogenesis">Pathogenesis</a>
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<a href="#mapping">Mapping</a>
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<a href="#molecularGenetics">Molecular Genetics</a>
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<div><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, CHRISTIANSON TYPE" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A registry of federally and privately supported clinical trials conducted in the United States and around the world." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Clinical Trials', 'domain': 'clinicaltrials.gov'})">Clinical Trials</a></div>
<div><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/ClinicalLabs_Search_Simple.php?lng=EN&LnkId=11668&Typ=Pat" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A list of European laboratories that offer genetic testing." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'EuroGentest', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">EuroGentest</a></div>
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<a href="#mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
<div style="display: table-row">
<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">&#9658;</div>
&nbsp;
<div style="display: table-cell;">Animal Models</div>
</div>
</a>
</span>
</span>
</div>
<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
<div><a href="https://www.alliancegenome.org/disease/DOID:0060825" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Search Across Species; explore model organism and human comparative genomics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Alliance Genome', 'domain': 'alliancegenome.org'})">Alliance Genome</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/disease/300243" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotypes, alleles, and disease models from Mouse Genome Informatics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MGI Mouse Phenotype', 'domain': 'informatics.jax.org'})">MGI Mouse Phenotype</a></div>
<div><a href="https://wormbase.org/resources/disease/DOID:0060825" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Database of the biology and genome of Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Wormbase Disease Ontology', 'domain': 'wormbase.org'})">Wormbase Disease Ontology</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<span>
<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>Looking for this gene or this phenotype in other resources?</strong>" qtip_text="Select a related resource from the dropdown menu and click for a targeted link to information directly relevant.">
&nbsp;
</span>
</span>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-8 col-lg-pull-2 col-md-8 col-md-pull-2 col-sm-8 col-sm-pull-2 col-xs-12">
<div>
<a id="title" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div>
<a id="number" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div class="text-right">
<a href="#" class="mim-tip-icd" qtip_title="<strong>ICD+</strong>" qtip_text="
<strong>SNOMEDCT:</strong> 702354007<br />
<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 85278<br />
<strong>DO:</strong> 0060825<br />
">ICD+</a>
</div>
<div>
<span class="h3">
<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotype description, molecular basis known">
<span class="text-danger"><strong>#</strong></span>
300243
</span>
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h3>
<span class="mim-font">
INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, CHRISTIANSON TYPE; MRXSCH
</span>
</h3>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<a id="alternativeTitles" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<div>
<p>
<span class="mim-font">
<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
</span>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, CHRISTIANSON TYPE<br />
ANGELMAN-LIKE SYNDROME, X-LINKED<br />
MENTAL RETARDATION, MICROCEPHALY, EPILEPSY, AND ATAXIA SYNDROME
</span>
</h4>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="phenotypeMap" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4>
<span class="mim-font">
<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
</span>
</h4>
<div>
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover small mim-table-padding">
<thead>
<tr class="active">
<th>
Location
</th>
<th>
Phenotype
</th>
<th>
Phenotype <br /> MIM number
</th>
<th>
Inheritance
</th>
<th>
Phenotype <br /> mapping key
</th>
<th>
Gene/Locus
</th>
<th>
Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/716?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=716">
Xq26.3
</a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Christianson type
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300243"> 300243 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
SLC9A6
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300231"> 300231 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="btn-group ">
<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/300243" class="btn btn-warning" role="button"> Clinical Synopsis </a>
<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'ClinicalSynopsis', 'omim.org')">
<span class="caret"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
</div>
&nbsp;
<div class="btn-group">
<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS309510" class="btn btn-info" role="button"> Phenotypic Series </a>
<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'PhenotypicSeries', 'omim.org')">
<span class="caret"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
</div>
&nbsp;
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
PheneGene Graphics <span class="caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" style="width: 17em;">
<li><a href="/graph/linear/300243" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Linear'})"> Linear </a></li>
<li><a href="/graph/radial/300243" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Radial'})"> Radial </a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign mim-tip-hint" title="OMIM PheneGene graphics depict relationships between phenotypes, groups of related phenotypes (Phenotypic Series), and genes.<br /><a href='/static/omim/pdf/OMIM_Graphics.pdf' target='_blank'>A quick reference overview and guide (PDF)</a>"></span>
<div>
<p />
</div>
<div id="mimClinicalSynopsisFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
<div class="small" style="margin: 5px">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> INHERITANCE </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<span class="mim-font">
- X-linked <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/263934009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">263934009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0241764&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0241764</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001417" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001417</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001417" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001417</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> GROWTH </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Weight </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Low weight (third percentile) <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C2678197&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C2678197</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/248342006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">248342006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R63.6" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R63.6</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/783.22" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">783.22</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0004325" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0004325</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Other </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Developmental delay <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/248290002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">248290002</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/224958001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">224958001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/F88" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">F88</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/315.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">315.9</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0557874&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0557874</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0424605&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0424605</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001263" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001263</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001263" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001263</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> HEAD & NECK </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Head </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Microcephaly <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/1148757008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">1148757008</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/Q02" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">Q02</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/742.1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">742.1</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C4551563&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C4551563</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0025958&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0025958</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000252</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000252</a>]</span> <a href="https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=0584d323b99dcd7001cc50e224947aca" target="_blank" class="small mim-tip-eom" title="&lt;img src=&quot;https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/images/terms/Microcephaly-small.jpg&quot;&gt; &lt;br/&gt;Further Information: &lt;a href=&quot;https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=0584d323b99dcd7001cc50e224947aca&quot target=&quot;_blank&quot onclick=&quot;gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'EOM\', \'domain\': \'elementsofmorphology.nih.gov\'})&quot;&gt;Elements of Morphology&lt;/a&gt;"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user" aria-hidden="true"></span></a><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Face </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Long, narrow face <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1865567&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1865567</a>]</span><br /> -
Square, prognathic jaw <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1846137&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1846137</a>]</span><br /> -
Pointed jaw <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C2678198&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C2678198</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Ears </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Large ears <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/275480001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">275480001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0554972&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0554972</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000400" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000400</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000400" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000400</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Eyes </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Ophthalmoplegia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/16110005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">16110005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0029089&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0029089</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000602" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000602</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000602" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000602</a>]</span><br /> -
Eye movement abnormalities <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/103252009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">103252009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0497202&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0497202</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000496" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000496</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000496" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000496</a>]</span><br /> -
Deep, sunken eyes <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1846138&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1846138</a>]</span><br /> -
Squint <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/22066006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">22066006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H50.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H50.9</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/H50.40" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">H50.40</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0038379&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0038379</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000486" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000486</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000486" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000486</a>]</span><br /> -
Bushy eyebrows <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1853487&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1853487</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000574" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000574</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000574" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000574</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Nose </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Long, straight nose <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1846139&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1846139</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Mouth </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Open mouth <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/262016004" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">262016004</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0240379&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0240379</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C4285242&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C4285242</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000194" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000194</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000194" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000194</a>]</span><br /> -
Drooling <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/62718007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">62718007</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0013132&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0013132</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002307" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002307</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003781" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003781</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002307" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002307</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> CHEST </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> External Features </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Narrow chest <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/249671009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">249671009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0426790&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0426790</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000774" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000774</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000774" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000774</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> ABDOMEN </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Gastrointestinal </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Bowel incontinence <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/72042002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">72042002</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R15.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R15.9</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R15" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R15</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/787.6" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">787.6</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0015732&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0015732</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002607" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002607</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002607" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002607</a>]</span><br /> -
Dysphagia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/288939007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">288939007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/40739000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">40739000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R13.1" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R13.1</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R13.10" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R13.10</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/787.2" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">787.2</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/787.20" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">787.20</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0011168&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0011168</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002015</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002015" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002015</a>]</span><br /> -
Gastroesophageal reflux <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/235595009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">235595009</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/722884003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">722884003</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/698065002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">698065002</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/K21" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">K21</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/K21.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">K21.9</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/530.81" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">530.81</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3813607&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3813607</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C4317146&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C4317146</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0017168&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0017168</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002020" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002020</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002020" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002020</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> GENITOURINARY </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Bladder </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Urinary incontinence <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/165232002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">165232002</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R32" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R32</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/788.30" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">788.30</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/788.3" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">788.3</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0042024&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0042024</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000020" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000020</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000020" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000020</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> SKELETAL </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Limbs </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Contractures <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/57048009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">57048009</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/55033002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">55033002</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/M62.40" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">M62.40</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/M62.4" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">M62.4</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0009917&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0009917</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Hands </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Long, thin fingers <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/249766008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">249766008</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0426884&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0426884</a>]</span><br /> -
Adducted thumbs <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/205273005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">205273005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0431886&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0431886</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001181" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001181</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001181" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001181</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Feet </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Long, thin toes <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1846140&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1846140</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> SKIN, NAILS, & HAIR </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Hair </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Bushy eyebrows <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1853487&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1853487</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000574" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000574</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000574" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000574</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> MUSCLE, SOFT TISSUES </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<span class="mim-font">
- Hypotonia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/398151007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">398151007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/398152000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">398152000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0026827&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0026827</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1858120&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1858120</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001290" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001290</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001252</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001252" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001252</a>]</span><br /> -
Amyotrophy <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/88092000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">88092000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0541794&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0541794</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0026846&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0026846</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003202" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003202</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003202" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003202</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> NEUROLOGIC </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Central Nervous System </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Mental retardation, severe to profound <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1839746&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1839746</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/228156007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">228156007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/110359009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">110359009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/317-319.99" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">317-319.99</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001249" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001249</a>]</span><br /> -
Developmental regression <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/609225004" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">609225004</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1836830&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1836830</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002376" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002376</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002376" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002376</a>]</span><br /> -
Mutism <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/88052002" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">88052002</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0026884&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0026884</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002300" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002300</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002300" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002300</a>]</span><br /> -
Lack of speech <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1854882&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1854882</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001344" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001344</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001344" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001344</a>]</span><br /> -
Seizures, tonic-clonic, photosensitive <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1846131&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1846131</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0007207" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0007207</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0007207" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0007207</a>]</span><br /> -
Truncal ataxia <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/250067008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">250067008</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0427190&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0427190</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002078" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002078</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002078" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002078</a>]</span><br /> -
Hyperkinetic movements <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/44548000" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">44548000</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3887506&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3887506</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002487" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002487</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002487" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002487</a>]</span><br /> -
Late ambulation <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1846132&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1846132</a>]</span><br /> -
Loss of ability to walk in first decade <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1846133&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1846133</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0006794" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0006794</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0006794" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0006794</a>]</span><br /> -
Sleep disturbance <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/53888004" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">53888004</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/39898005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">39898005</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/44186003" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">44186003</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/G47" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">G47</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/G47.9" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">G47.9</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/780.5" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">780.5</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/780.50" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">780.50</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0700201&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0700201</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0037317&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0037317</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0851578&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0851578</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002360" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002360</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002360" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0002360</a>]</span><br /> -
High pain threshold <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/247408001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">247408001</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0423727&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0423727</a>]</span><br /> -
Cerebellar atrophy <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0740279&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0740279</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001272" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001272</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001272" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001272</a>]</span><br /> -
Widespread neuronal loss <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C2678195&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C2678195</a>]</span><br /> -
Widespread tau (MAPT)-positive glial and neuronal inclusions <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3550777&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3550777</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<em> Behavioral Psychiatric Manifestations </em>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<span class="mim-font">
- Autistic features <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1846135&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1846135</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000729" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000729</a>]</span><br /> -
Happy demeanor <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1856115&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1856115</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0040082" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0040082</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0040082" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0040082</a>]</span><br /> -
Easily provoked laughter <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C2678196&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C2678196</a>]</span><br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> MISCELLANEOUS </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<span class="mim-font">
- Onset in infancy <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1848924&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1848924</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003593" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003593</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003593" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003593</a>]</span><br /> -
Progressive disorder <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1864985&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1864985</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003676" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003676</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0003676" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0003676</a>]</span><br /> -
Female carriers may be mildly affected<br /> -
Phenotypic similarities to Angelman syndrome (<a href="/entry/105830">105830</a>)<br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span class="h5 mim-font">
<strong> MOLECULAR BASIS </strong>
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
<div>
<span class="mim-font">
- Caused by mutation in the solute carrier family 9, isoform A6 gene (SLC9A6, <a href="/entry/300231#0001">300231.0001</a>)<br />
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="text-right">
<a href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" data-toggle="collapse">&#9650;&nbsp;Close</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
<div class="small">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12">
<h5>
Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic
- <a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS309510">PS309510</a>
- 56 Entries
</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row" style="margin-left: 0.125em; margin-right: 0.125em;">
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover mim-table-padding">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
<strong>Location</strong>
</th>
<th class="col-lg-5 col-md-5 col-sm-5 col-xs-6 text-nowrap">
<strong>Phenotype</strong>
</th>
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
<strong>Inheritance</strong>
</th>
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
<strong>Phenotype<br />mapping key</strong>
</th>
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
<strong>Phenotype<br />MIM number</strong>
</th>
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
<strong>Gene/Locus</strong>
</th>
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
<strong>Gene/Locus<br />MIM number</strong>
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/53?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=53"> Xp22.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300114"> Raynaud-Claes syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked dominant">XLD</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300114"> 300114 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/302910"> CLCN4 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/302910"> 302910 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/58?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=58"> Xp22.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301032"> Basilicata-Akhtar syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked dominant">XLD</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301032"> 301032 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300609"> MSL3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300609"> 300609 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/73?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=73"> Xp22.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301076"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Pilorge type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301076"> 301076 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/305990"> GLRA2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/305990"> 305990 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/87?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=87"> Xp22.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/304340"> Pettigrew syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/304340"> 304340 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300629"> AP1S2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300629"> 300629 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/110?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=110"> Xp22.12 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301008"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Houge type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301008"> 301008 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300724"> CNKSR2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300724"> 300724 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/114?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=114"> Xp22.11 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309583"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Snyder-Robinson type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309583"> 309583 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300105"> SMS </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300105"> 300105 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/124?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=124"> Xp22.11 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300148"> MEHMO syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300148"> 300148 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300161"> EIF2S3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300161"> 300161 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/125?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=125"> Xp22.11 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301118"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 37 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301118"> 301118 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/314980"> ZFX </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/314980"> 314980 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/128?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=128"> Xp22.11-p21.3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301030"> Van Esch-O&#x27;Driscoll syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301030"> 301030 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/312040"> POLA1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/312040"> 312040 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/132?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=132"> Xp21.3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309510"> Partington syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309510"> 309510 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300382"> ARX </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300382"> 300382 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/150?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=150"> Xp21.1-p11.23 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300858"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 17 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300858"> 300858 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300858"> MRXS17 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300858"> 300858 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/161?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=161"> Xp11 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309545"> ?Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 12 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309545"> 309545 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309545"> MRXS12 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309545"> 309545 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/173?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=173"> Xp11.4 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300423"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Hedera type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300423"> 300423 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300556"> ATP6AP2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300556"> 300556 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/178?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=178"> Xp11.4 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300958"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Snijders Blok type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked dominant">XLD</abbr>, <abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300958"> 300958 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300160"> DDX3X </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300160"> 300160 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/180?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=180"> Xp11.4 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300749"> Intellectual developmental disorder and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300749"> 300749 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300172"> CASK </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300172"> 300172 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/185?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=185"> Xp11.3-q22 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300218"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 7 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300218"> 300218 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300218"> MRXS7 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300218"> 300218 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/231?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=231"> Xp11.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300434"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic, Stocco dos Santos type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300434"> 300434 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300434"> SDSX </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300434"> 300434 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/261?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=261"> Xp11.23 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309500"> Renpenning syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309500"> 309500 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300463"> PQBP1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300463"> 300463 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/323?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=323"> Xp11.22 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300534"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Claes-Jensen type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300534"> 300534 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/314690"> KDM5C </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/314690"> 314690 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/327?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=327"> Xp11.22 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309590"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Turner type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309590"> 309590 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300697"> HUWE1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300697"> 300697 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/330?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=330"> Xp11.22 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300263"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Siderius type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300263"> 300263 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300560"> PHF8 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300560"> 300560 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/332?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=332"> Xp11.22 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309610"> Prieto syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309610"> 309610 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300358"> WNK3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300358"> 300358 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/334?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=334"> Xp11.22 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/305400"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 16 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/305400"> 305400 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300546"> FGD1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300546"> 300546 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/334?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=334"> Xp11.22 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/305400"> Aarskog-Scott syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/305400"> 305400 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300546"> FGD1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300546"> 300546 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/368?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=368"> Xq11.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/314580"> Wieacker-Wolff syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/314580"> 314580 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300897"> ZC4H2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300897"> 300897 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/370?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=370"> Xq12-q21.31 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300709"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 9 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300709"> 300709 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300709"> MRXS9 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300709"> 300709 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/372?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=372"> Xq12 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309585"> Wilson-Turner syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309585"> 309585 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300964"> LAS1L </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300964"> 300964 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/379?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=379"> Xq12 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300486"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Billuart type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300486"> 300486 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300127"> OPHN1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300127"> 300127 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/382?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=382"> Xq13-q21 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300519"> Martin-Probst syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300519"> 300519 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300519"> MRXSMP </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300519"> 300519 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/390?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=390"> Xq13.1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300472"> ?Corpus callosum, agenesis of, with impaired intellectual development, ocular coloboma and micrognathia </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300472"> 300472 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300139"> IGBP1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300139"> 300139 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/404?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=404"> Xq13.1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309520"> Lujan-Fryns syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309520"> 309520 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300188"> MED12 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300188"> 300188 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/408?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=408"> Xq13.1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300967"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 34 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300967"> 300967 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300084"> NONO </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300084"> 300084 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/410?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=410"> Xq13.1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300966"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 33 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300966"> 300966 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/313650"> TAF1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/313650"> 313650 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/425?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=425"> Xq13.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300262"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Abidi type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300262"> 300262 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300262"> MRXSAB </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300262"> 300262 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/435?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=435"> Xq13.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300978"> Tonne-Kalscheuer syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300978"> 300978 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300379"> RLIM </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300379"> 300379 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/482?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=482"> Xq21.33-q23 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300861"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Chudley-Schwartz type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300861"> 300861 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300861"> MRXSCS </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300861"> 300861 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/503?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=503"> Xq22.1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300986"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Bain type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked dominant">XLD</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300986"> 300986 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300610"> HNRNPH2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300610"> 300610 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/552?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=552"> Xq22.3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301835"> Arts syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301835"> 301835 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/311850"> PRPS1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/311850"> 311850 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/612?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=612"> Xq24 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300860"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Nascimento type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300860"> 300860 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/312180"> UBE2A </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/312180"> 312180 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/617?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=617"> Xq24 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300676"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 14 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300676"> 300676 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300298"> UPF3B </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300298"> 300298 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/621?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=621"> Xq24 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301039"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Hackman-Di Donato type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301039"> 301039 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300766"> NKAP </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300766"> 300766 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/628?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=628"> Xq24 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300354"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Cabezas type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300354"> 300354 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300304"> CUL4B </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300304"> 300304 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/650?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=650"> Xq25 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300699"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Wu type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300699"> 300699 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/305915"> GRIA3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/305915"> 305915 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/671?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=671"> Xq26.1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300799"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Raymond type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300799"> 300799 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300646"> ZDHHC9 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300646"> 300646 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/687?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=687"> Xq26.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301025"> ?Paganini-Miozzo syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301025"> 301025 </a>
</span>
</td>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300545"> HS6ST2 </a>
</span>
</td>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300545"> 300545 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/696?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=696"> Xq26.2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301900"> Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/301900"> 301900 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300414"> PHF6 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300414"> 300414 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/716?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=716"> Xq26.3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300243"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Christianson type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked">XL</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300243"> 300243 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300231"> SLC9A6 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300231"> 300231 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/726?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=726"> Xq26.3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300238"> ?Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Shashi type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300238"> 300238 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300199"> RBMX </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300199"> 300199 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/726?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=726"> Xq26.3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309555"> ?Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Gustavson type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309555"> 309555 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300199"> RBMX </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300199"> 300199 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/769?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=769"> Xq27.3 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300624"> Fragile X syndrome </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked dominant">XLD</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300624"> 300624 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309550"> FMR1 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309550"> 309550 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/782?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=782"> Xq28 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309548"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked 109 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/309548"> 309548 </a>
</span>
</td>
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<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300806"> AFF2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300806"> 300806 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/851?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=851"> Xq28 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300055"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 13 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300055"> 300055 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300005"> MECP2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300005"> 300005 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/851?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=851"> Xq28 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300260"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Lubs type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300260"> 300260 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300005"> MECP2 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300005"> 300005 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/859?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=859"> Xq28 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300998"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic 35 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300998"> 300998 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/312173"> RPL10 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/312173"> 312173 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/864?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=864"> Xq28 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300261"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Armfield type </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300261"> 300261 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300453"> FAM50A </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300453"> 300453 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/geneMap/X/898?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=898"> Chr.X </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300886"> Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic 32 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="X-linked recessive">XLR</abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="2 - The disorder was placed on the map by statistical methods"> 2 </abbr>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300886"> 300886 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300886"> MRXS32 </a>
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="mim-font">
<a href="/entry/300886"> 300886 </a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="text-right small">
<a href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" data-toggle="collapse">&#9650;&nbsp;Close</a>
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<div>
<br />
</div>
<div>
<a id="text" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimTextFold" id="mimTextToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
<span id="mimTextToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
<span class="mim-font">
<span class="mim-tip-floating" qtip_title="<strong>Looking For More References?</strong>" qtip_text="Click the 'reference plus' icon &lt;span class='glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign'&gt;&lt;/span&gt at the end of each OMIM text paragraph to see more references related to the content of the preceding paragraph.">
<strong>TEXT</strong>
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</h4>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
<div class="mim-changed mim-change"><p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that the Christianson type of X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder (MRXSCH) is caused by hemizygous mutation in the SLC9A6 gene (<a href="/entry/300231">300231</a>) on chromosome Xq26.</p></div>
<div class="mim-changed mim-change"><p>Heterozygous mutation in the SLC9A6 gene can also cause X-linked female-restricted neurodegenerative disorder with parkinsonism and cognitive impairment (NDPACX; <a href="/entry/301142">301142</a>).</p></div>
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<div>
<br />
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a id="description" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<h4 href="#mimDescriptionFold" id="mimDescriptionToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
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<strong>Description</strong>
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<div class="mim-changed mim-change"><p>The Christianson type of X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder (MRXSCH), which affects males, is characterized by microcephaly, impaired ocular movements, progressive severe global developmental delay, developmental regression, hypotonia, abnormal movements, and early-onset seizures of variable types. Heterozygous female carriers may be unaffected or have mild learning difficulties (summary by <a href="#7" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Schroer, R. J., Holden, K. R., Tarpey, P. S., Matheus, M. G., Griesemer, D. A., Friez, M. J., Fan, J. Z., Simensen, R. J., Stromme, P., Stevenson, R. E., Stratton, M. R., Schwartz, C. E. &lt;strong&gt;Natural history of Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Med. Genet. 152A: 2775-2783, 2010.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20949524/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;20949524&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=20949524[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.33093&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="20949524">Schroer et al., 2010</a> and <a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Pescosolido, M. F., Stein, D. M., Schmidt, M., El Achkar, C. M., Sabbagh, M., Rogg, J. M., Tantravahi, U., McLean, R. L., Liu, J. S., Poduri, A., Morrow, E. M. &lt;strong&gt;Genetic and phenotypic diversity of NHE6 mutations in Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Ann. Neurol. 76: 581-593, 2014.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25044251/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;25044251&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=25044251[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24225&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="25044251">Pescosolido et al., 2014</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=25044251+20949524" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p></div>
<div class="mim-changed mim-change"><p>Some clinical features of this disorder show overlap with Angelman syndrome (AS; <a href="/entry/105830">105830</a>).</p></div>
</span>
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<div>
<a id="clinicalFeatures" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<span id="mimClinicalFeaturesToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">&#9660;</span>
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<strong>Clinical Features</strong>
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</h4>
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<span class="mim-text-font">
<p><a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Christianson, A. L., Stevenson, R. E., van der Meyden, C. H., Pelser, J., Theron, F. W., van Rensburg, P. L., Chandler, M., Schwartz, C. E. &lt;strong&gt;X linked severe mental retardation, craniofacial dysmorphology, epilepsy, ophthalmoplegia, and cerebellar atrophy in a large South African kindred is localised to Xq24-q27.&lt;/strong&gt; J. Med. Genet. 36: 759-766, 1999.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10528855/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;10528855&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.36.10.759&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="10528855">Christianson et al. (1999)</a> described a 5-generation South African family with an X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder comprising 16 affected males and 10 carrier females. The clinical features common to the 16 males included profoundly impaired intellectual development (100%), mutism despite apparently normal hearing (100%), grand mal epilepsy (87.5%), and limited life expectancy (68.8%). Of the 4 affected males examined, all had mild craniofacial dysmorphism and 3 were noted to have bilateral ophthalmoplegia and truncal ataxia. Three of the 10 obligate female carriers had mildly impaired intellectual development. Cerebellar and brainstem atrophy was demonstrated by cranial imaging and postmortem examination. <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Gilfillan, G. D., Selmer, K. K., Roxrud, I., Smith, R., Kyllerman, M., Eiklid, K., Kroken, M., Mattingsdal, M., Egeland, T., Stenmark, H., Sjoholm, H., Server, A., and 15 others. &lt;strong&gt;SLC9A6 mutations cause X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxia, a phenotype mimicking Angelman syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1003-1010, 2008.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18342287/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;18342287&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=18342287[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.01.013&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="18342287">Gilfillan et al. (2008)</a> provided follow-up on the family reported by <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Christianson, A. L., Stevenson, R. E., van der Meyden, C. H., Pelser, J., Theron, F. W., van Rensburg, P. L., Chandler, M., Schwartz, C. E. &lt;strong&gt;X linked severe mental retardation, craniofacial dysmorphology, epilepsy, ophthalmoplegia, and cerebellar atrophy in a large South African kindred is localised to Xq24-q27.&lt;/strong&gt; J. Med. Genet. 36: 759-766, 1999.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10528855/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;10528855&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.36.10.759&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="10528855">Christianson et al. (1999)</a>. Additional features included microcephaly, absence of expressive verbal language, and slow regression of walking ability. The youngest affected individual had a friendly demeanor. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=18342287+10528855" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
<p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Gilfillan, G. D., Selmer, K. K., Roxrud, I., Smith, R., Kyllerman, M., Eiklid, K., Kroken, M., Mattingsdal, M., Egeland, T., Stenmark, H., Sjoholm, H., Server, A., and 15 others. &lt;strong&gt;SLC9A6 mutations cause X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxia, a phenotype mimicking Angelman syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1003-1010, 2008.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18342287/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;18342287&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=18342287[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.01.013&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="18342287">Gilfillan et al. (2008)</a> reported 3 additional families with the disorder. Affected individuals had profoundly impaired intellectual development, absence of verbal language, seizures, and ataxia. Three affected males from a Norwegian family showed deceleration of head growth in the first year of life. Epilepsy occurred between 9 and 26 months. All had a happy demeanor with frequent smiling and episodes of unprovoked laughter. Other features included ataxia, hyperkinetic movements, open mouth, drooling, swallowing difficulties, and thin body habitus. Brain MRI of 1 patient showed progressive cerebellar atrophy. An affected Swedish boy had similar features; his carrier mother had severe dyslexia. Three affected boys in a U.K. family also had a long face with pointed jaw, profuse dribbling, poor growth capacity, and variable ambulation. Variable features included swallowing difficulties and flexed arms. <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Gilfillan, G. D., Selmer, K. K., Roxrud, I., Smith, R., Kyllerman, M., Eiklid, K., Kroken, M., Mattingsdal, M., Egeland, T., Stenmark, H., Sjoholm, H., Server, A., and 15 others. &lt;strong&gt;SLC9A6 mutations cause X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxia, a phenotype mimicking Angelman syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1003-1010, 2008.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18342287/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;18342287&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=18342287[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.01.013&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="18342287">Gilfillan et al. (2008)</a> noted that the phenotype in all families was similar to that of Angelman syndrome. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=18342287" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
<p><a href="#7" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Schroer, R. J., Holden, K. R., Tarpey, P. S., Matheus, M. G., Griesemer, D. A., Friez, M. J., Fan, J. Z., Simensen, R. J., Stromme, P., Stevenson, R. E., Stratton, M. R., Schwartz, C. E. &lt;strong&gt;Natural history of Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Med. Genet. 152A: 2775-2783, 2010.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20949524/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;20949524&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=20949524[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.33093&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="20949524">Schroer et al. (2010)</a> reported a large family in which 6 males had Christianson syndrome confirmed by genetic analysis (R468X; <a href="/entry/300231#0002">300231.0002</a>). All had profoundly impaired intellectual development with lack of speech development, and only 1 acquired independent ambulation. Most had hypotonia in infancy, and all had onset of severe seizures by age 2 years. Many had developmental regression during the first decade. Other features included microcephaly, open mouth, and abnormal eye movements. Two had involuntary movements, 1 with hyperreflexia and clonus. Three had a happy demeanor with frequent laughing and smiling. Three carrier females had learning problems. Brain MRI of 3 of the boys showed cerebellar atrophy, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) showed a prominent glutamine/glutamate peak. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=20949524" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
<p><a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Pescosolido, M. F., Stein, D. M., Schmidt, M., El Achkar, C. M., Sabbagh, M., Rogg, J. M., Tantravahi, U., McLean, R. L., Liu, J. S., Poduri, A., Morrow, E. M. &lt;strong&gt;Genetic and phenotypic diversity of NHE6 mutations in Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Ann. Neurol. 76: 581-593, 2014.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25044251/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;25044251&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=25044251[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24225&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="25044251">Pescosolido et al. (2014)</a> reported 14 boys, between 4 and 19 years of age, from 12 unrelated families with MRXSCH confirmed by genetic analysis. One of the families had previously been reported by <a href="#7" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Schroer, R. J., Holden, K. R., Tarpey, P. S., Matheus, M. G., Griesemer, D. A., Friez, M. J., Fan, J. Z., Simensen, R. J., Stromme, P., Stevenson, R. E., Stratton, M. R., Schwartz, C. E. &lt;strong&gt;Natural history of Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Med. Genet. 152A: 2775-2783, 2010.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20949524/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;20949524&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=20949524[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.33093&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="20949524">Schroer et al. (2010)</a>. All patients had delayed psychomotor development with absent or very poor speech, and about 50% showed developmental regression at some point. Most (92%) had microcephaly. All patients had truncal ataxia with an unsteady gait, and most (79%) had a history of hypotonia. Cognitive functioning was profoundly impaired. All patients had early onset of variable seizure types between 4 months and 3 years of age, and 4 patients had a phenotype consistent with an epileptic encephalopathy; EEG showed various abnormalities. More than one-third of patients (43%) were originally diagnosed clinically with Angelman syndrome because of movement or balance disorders, lack of speech, impaired intellectual development, a happy demeanor, and unprovoked laughter. Six patients (43%) were initially diagnosed clinically with autism, and 8 of 9 children formally tested met autism criteria. Other common features included abnormal eye movements (79%), sleep problems (64%), gastroesophageal reflux (50%), and hyperkinetic movements (100%). Many parents reported a high pain threshold. Three patients had documented cerebellar atrophy. Female carriers had diverse presentations, including normal functioning, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and psychiatric illness. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=25044251+20949524" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
<div class="mim-changed mim-change"><p><a href="#6" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Riess, A., Rossier, E., Kruger, R., Dufke, A., Beck-Woedl, S., Horber, V., Alber, M., Glaser, D., Riess, O., Tzschach, A. &lt;strong&gt;Novel SLC9A6 mutations in two families with Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Clin. Genet. 83: 596-597, 2013.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22931061/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;22931061&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01948.x&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="22931061">Riess et al. (2013)</a> reported a German family (family 1) in which a boy and his 2 maternal uncles had MRXSCH. The 18-month-old proband had feeding difficulties in the first weeks of life, onset of seizures at 10 months, and poor overall growth with microcephaly. He could not walk or talk at 18 months. His 2 maternal uncles had severe intellectual disability, secondary microcephaly, epilepsy, and scoliosis. X inactivation in the unaffected mother show a random pattern (54:46). The grandmother of the proband, who was thought to be an obligate carrier, developed features of Parkinson disease at 55 years of age, including rigidity, slowness of movements, and depression. Brain MRI showed slight general brain atrophy. Her mother reportedly had parkinsonism in her seventies and died at age 82. The index patient of a second German family (family 2) was a 7-year-old boy with onset of seizures at 16 months, severe developmental delay, microcephaly, and strabismus. X-inactivation studies in his unaffected mother was not skewed (58:42). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=22931061" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p></div>
<p><strong><em>Clinical Variability</em></strong>
</p>
<p><a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Masurel-Paulet, A., Piton, A., Chancenotte, S., Redin, C., Thauvin-Robinet, C., Henrenger, Y., Minot, D., Creppy, A., Ruffier-Bourdet, M., Thevenon, J., Kuentz, P., Lehalle, D., and 10 others. &lt;strong&gt;A new family with an SLC9A6 mutation expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Med. Genet. 170A: 2103-2110, 2016.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27256868/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;27256868&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.37765&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="27256868">Masurel-Paulet et al. (2016)</a> reported a family with an attenuated form of MRXSCH. The proband was a 9-year-old boy with mild intellectual disability, severe early language delay that improved with time, normal gross motor development, and postnatal microcephaly (less than third percentile). He had only 1 seizure at age 3 years that was well-controlled. He had no dysmorphic features except strabismus, and no ataxia or cerebellar symptoms, although brain imaging showed mild cerebellar atrophy. A 40-year-old maternal uncle had mild intellectual disability and early speech delay, but worked as a forklift truck driver and was married. He had normal head circumference, no ataxia, and no seizures. The proband's mother and his 3 sisters all had learning difficulties and writing difficulties with features of dyslexia and dysphasia without microcephaly. Targeted genetic sequencing identified a splice site mutation in the SLC9A6 gene (<a href="/entry/300231#0007">300231.0007</a>) in the proband, his uncle, mother, and the proband's 3 mildly affected sisters. Analysis of proband cells showed that the mutation resulted in the production of 4 different transcripts, with 90% of the transcripts resulting in the skipping of exon 3 and an in-frame deletion that may affect protein folding. <a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Masurel-Paulet, A., Piton, A., Chancenotte, S., Redin, C., Thauvin-Robinet, C., Henrenger, Y., Minot, D., Creppy, A., Ruffier-Bourdet, M., Thevenon, J., Kuentz, P., Lehalle, D., and 10 others. &lt;strong&gt;A new family with an SLC9A6 mutation expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Med. Genet. 170A: 2103-2110, 2016.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27256868/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;27256868&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.37765&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="27256868">Masurel-Paulet et al. (2016)</a> postulated that the milder phenotype in this family may be explained by the residual production of about 10% of the normal transcript. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=27256868" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<strong>Diagnosis</strong>
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<p><a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Pescosolido, M. F., Stein, D. M., Schmidt, M., El Achkar, C. M., Sabbagh, M., Rogg, J. M., Tantravahi, U., McLean, R. L., Liu, J. S., Poduri, A., Morrow, E. M. &lt;strong&gt;Genetic and phenotypic diversity of NHE6 mutations in Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Ann. Neurol. 76: 581-593, 2014.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25044251/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;25044251&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=25044251[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24225&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="25044251">Pescosolido et al. (2014)</a> proposed diagnostic criteria for MRXSCH. Core diagnostic symptoms (in over 85% of patients) include early-childhood onset in boys, nonverbal status, moderate to severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, truncal ataxia, postnatal microcephaly and/or attenuation in growth of head circumference, and hyperkinetic behavior. Secondary symptoms that are often present (in over 35% of patients) include symptoms of autism and/or Angelman syndrome, eye movement abnormalities, developmental regression, particularly loss of independent ambulation after 10 years of age, low weight for age, and cerebellar vermis atrophy, particularly after 10 years of age. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=25044251" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p><a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Garbern, J. Y., Neumann, M., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M.-Y., Feldman, G., Norris, J. W., Friez, M. J., Schwartz, C. E., Stevenson, R., Sima, A. A. F. &lt;strong&gt;A mutation affecting the sodium/proton exchanger, SLC9A6, causes mental retardation with tau deposition.&lt;/strong&gt; Brain 133: 1391-1402, 2010.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20395263/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;20395263&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=20395263[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq071&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="20395263">Garbern et al. (2010)</a> reported the neuropathologic findings of 2 adult brothers with X-linked intellectual development disorder due to a hemizygous mutation in the SLC9A6 gene (<a href="/entry/300231#0005">300231.0005</a>). There was generalized symmetric cerebral atrophy with atrophy of the white matter, and marked neuronal loss and gliosis of the globus pallidus, putamen, substantia nigra, and cerebellar cortex. There were numerous tau (MAPT; <a href="/entry/157140">157140</a>)-positive intracellular inclusions in the glial cells throughout the white matter and strongly tau-positive tangle-like inclusions in neurons of the substantia nigra, locus ceruleus, pontine nuclei, basal ganglia, thalami, and cranial nerve nuclei. Tau-positive neurons were also found in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. The tau proteins were predominantly of the 4R type, were insoluble, and highly phosphorylated. The neuropathologic findings resembled those seen in tauopathies caused by MAPT mutations (FTD; <a href="/entry/600274">600274</a>), but no MAPT mutations were found in this family. The phenotype of these patients, and of other affected males in this large family, included profoundly impaired intellectual development, autistic features, incontinence, and late-onset truncal ataxia. Variable features included small head, mutism, seizures, ophthalmoplegia, and hand-wringing. Dysmorphic features were not noted. <a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Garbern, J. Y., Neumann, M., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M.-Y., Feldman, G., Norris, J. W., Friez, M. J., Schwartz, C. E., Stevenson, R., Sima, A. A. F. &lt;strong&gt;A mutation affecting the sodium/proton exchanger, SLC9A6, causes mental retardation with tau deposition.&lt;/strong&gt; Brain 133: 1391-1402, 2010.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20395263/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;20395263&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=20395263[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq071&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="20395263">Garbern et al. (2010)</a> suggested that the pathogenesis of this disorder resulted from aberrant MAPT processing, suggesting a possible interaction between the SLC9A6 gene function and cytoskeletal elements involved in vesicular transport. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=20395263" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<p>By linkage analysis of a South African family with X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder, <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Christianson, A. L., Stevenson, R. E., van der Meyden, C. H., Pelser, J., Theron, F. W., van Rensburg, P. L., Chandler, M., Schwartz, C. E. &lt;strong&gt;X linked severe mental retardation, craniofacial dysmorphology, epilepsy, ophthalmoplegia, and cerebellar atrophy in a large South African kindred is localised to Xq24-q27.&lt;/strong&gt; J. Med. Genet. 36: 759-766, 1999.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10528855/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;10528855&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.36.10.759&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="10528855">Christianson et al. (1999)</a> found linkage to chromosome Xq27.3 between markers DXS424 (Xq24) and DXS548 (Xq27.3) (maximum 2-point lod score of 3.10). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10528855" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<a id="molecularGenetics" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<p>In affected members of 4 unrelated families with Christianson-type X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder, including the original family reported by <a href="#1" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Christianson, A. L., Stevenson, R. E., van der Meyden, C. H., Pelser, J., Theron, F. W., van Rensburg, P. L., Chandler, M., Schwartz, C. E. &lt;strong&gt;X linked severe mental retardation, craniofacial dysmorphology, epilepsy, ophthalmoplegia, and cerebellar atrophy in a large South African kindred is localised to Xq24-q27.&lt;/strong&gt; J. Med. Genet. 36: 759-766, 1999.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10528855/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;10528855&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.36.10.759&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="10528855">Christianson et al. (1999)</a>, <a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Gilfillan, G. D., Selmer, K. K., Roxrud, I., Smith, R., Kyllerman, M., Eiklid, K., Kroken, M., Mattingsdal, M., Egeland, T., Stenmark, H., Sjoholm, H., Server, A., and 15 others. &lt;strong&gt;SLC9A6 mutations cause X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxia, a phenotype mimicking Angelman syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1003-1010, 2008.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18342287/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;18342287&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=18342287[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.01.013&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="18342287">Gilfillan et al. (2008)</a> identified 4 different mutations in the SLC9A6 gene (<a href="/entry/300231#0001">300231.0001</a>-<a href="/entry/300231#0004">300231.0004</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=18342287+10528855" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
<p><a href="#8" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Tarpey, P. S., Smith, R., Pleasance, E., Whibley, A., Edkins, S., Hardy, C., O&#x27;Meara, S., Latimer, C., Dicks, E., Menzies, A., Stephens, P., Blow, M., and 67 others. &lt;strong&gt;A systematic, large-scale resequencing screen of X-chromosome coding exons in mental retardation.&lt;/strong&gt; Nature Genet. 41: 535-543, 2009.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19377476/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;19377476&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.367&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="19377476">Tarpey et al. (2009)</a> sequenced the coding exons of the X chromosome in 208 families with X-linked intellectual developmental disorder. They identified 2 independent nonrecurring truncating mutations in SLC9A6 that segregated precisely with the phenotype. In addition to X-linked impaired intellectual development, affected individuals had epilepsy and ataxia. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19377476" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
<p><a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Pescosolido, M. F., Stein, D. M., Schmidt, M., El Achkar, C. M., Sabbagh, M., Rogg, J. M., Tantravahi, U., McLean, R. L., Liu, J. S., Poduri, A., Morrow, E. M. &lt;strong&gt;Genetic and phenotypic diversity of NHE6 mutations in Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Ann. Neurol. 76: 581-593, 2014.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25044251/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;25044251&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=25044251[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24225&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="25044251">Pescosolido et al. (2014)</a> found de novo SLC9A6 mutations in 7 (58%) of 12 families with MRXSCH. All of the mutations were predicted to result in truncation of the protein or splicing defects. No genotype/phenotype correlations were observed, and cellular functional studies were not performed. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=25044251" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
<div class="mim-changed mim-change"><p>In 3 affected males of a German family (family 1) with MRXSCH, <a href="#6" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Riess, A., Rossier, E., Kruger, R., Dufke, A., Beck-Woedl, S., Horber, V., Alber, M., Glaser, D., Riess, O., Tzschach, A. &lt;strong&gt;Novel SLC9A6 mutations in two families with Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Clin. Genet. 83: 596-597, 2013.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22931061/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;22931061&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01948.x&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="22931061">Riess et al. (2013)</a> identified a hemizygous frameshift mutation in the SLC9A6 gene (<a href="/entry/300231#0008">300231.0008</a>). The mutation was present in the unaffected mother of the proband who had random X-inactivation (54:46). The grandmother of the proband and her mother, who were thought to be obligate carriers, developed late-onset parkinsonism. The male proband of a second German family (family 2) carried a hemizygous splice site mutation in the SLC9A6 gene that was inherited from his unaffected mother, who had non-skewed X inactivation (58:42). Functional studies of the variants were not performed. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=22931061" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p></div>
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<p><a href="#5" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Pescosolido, M. F., Stein, D. M., Schmidt, M., El Achkar, C. M., Sabbagh, M., Rogg, J. M., Tantravahi, U., McLean, R. L., Liu, J. S., Poduri, A., Morrow, E. M. &lt;strong&gt;Genetic and phenotypic diversity of NHE6 mutations in Christianson syndrome.&lt;/strong&gt; Ann. Neurol. 76: 581-593, 2014.[PubMed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25044251/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;25044251&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=25044251[PMID]&amp;report=imagesdocsum&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;name&#x27;: &#x27;PubMed Image&#x27;, &#x27;domain&#x27;: &#x27;ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x27;})&quot;&gt;images&lt;/a&gt;] [&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24225&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; onclick=&quot;gtag(&#x27;event&#x27;, &#x27;mim_outbound&#x27;, {&#x27;destination&#x27;: &#x27;Publisher&#x27;})&quot;&gt;Full Text&lt;/a&gt;]" pmid="25044251">Pescosolido et al. (2014)</a> estimated that MRXSCH may be one of the most common causes of X-linked developmental brain disorders, affecting from 1 in 16,000 to 1 in 100,000 people worldwide. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=25044251" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
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<a id="references"class="mim-anchor"></a>
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<a id="1" class="mim-anchor"></a>
<a id="Christianson1999" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Christianson, A. L., Stevenson, R. E., van der Meyden, C. H., Pelser, J., Theron, F. W., van Rensburg, P. L., Chandler, M., Schwartz, C. E.
<strong>X linked severe mental retardation, craniofacial dysmorphology, epilepsy, ophthalmoplegia, and cerebellar atrophy in a large South African kindred is localised to Xq24-q27.</strong>
J. Med. Genet. 36: 759-766, 1999.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10528855/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">10528855</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10528855" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.36.10.759" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Garbern2010" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Garbern, J. Y., Neumann, M., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M.-Y., Feldman, G., Norris, J. W., Friez, M. J., Schwartz, C. E., Stevenson, R., Sima, A. A. F.
<strong>A mutation affecting the sodium/proton exchanger, SLC9A6, causes mental retardation with tau deposition.</strong>
Brain 133: 1391-1402, 2010.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20395263/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">20395263</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=20395263[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=20395263" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq071" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Gilfillan2008" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Gilfillan, G. D., Selmer, K. K., Roxrud, I., Smith, R., Kyllerman, M., Eiklid, K., Kroken, M., Mattingsdal, M., Egeland, T., Stenmark, H., Sjoholm, H., Server, A., and 15 others.
<strong>SLC9A6 mutations cause X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxia, a phenotype mimicking Angelman syndrome.</strong>
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1003-1010, 2008.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18342287/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">18342287</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=18342287[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=18342287" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.01.013" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Masurel-Paulet2016" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Masurel-Paulet, A., Piton, A., Chancenotte, S., Redin, C., Thauvin-Robinet, C., Henrenger, Y., Minot, D., Creppy, A., Ruffier-Bourdet, M., Thevenon, J., Kuentz, P., Lehalle, D., and 10 others.
<strong>A new family with an SLC9A6 mutation expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Christianson syndrome.</strong>
Am. J. Med. Genet. 170A: 2103-2110, 2016.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27256868/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">27256868</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=27256868" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.37765" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Pescosolido2014" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Pescosolido, M. F., Stein, D. M., Schmidt, M., El Achkar, C. M., Sabbagh, M., Rogg, J. M., Tantravahi, U., McLean, R. L., Liu, J. S., Poduri, A., Morrow, E. M.
<strong>Genetic and phenotypic diversity of NHE6 mutations in Christianson syndrome.</strong>
Ann. Neurol. 76: 581-593, 2014.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25044251/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">25044251</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=25044251[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=25044251" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24225" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Riess2013" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Riess, A., Rossier, E., Kruger, R., Dufke, A., Beck-Woedl, S., Horber, V., Alber, M., Glaser, D., Riess, O., Tzschach, A.
<strong>Novel SLC9A6 mutations in two families with Christianson syndrome.</strong>
Clin. Genet. 83: 596-597, 2013.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22931061/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">22931061</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=22931061" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01948.x" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Schroer2010" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Schroer, R. J., Holden, K. R., Tarpey, P. S., Matheus, M. G., Griesemer, D. A., Friez, M. J., Fan, J. Z., Simensen, R. J., Stromme, P., Stevenson, R. E., Stratton, M. R., Schwartz, C. E.
<strong>Natural history of Christianson syndrome.</strong>
Am. J. Med. Genet. 152A: 2775-2783, 2010.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20949524/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">20949524</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=20949524[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=20949524" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.33093" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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<a id="Tarpey2009" class="mim-anchor"></a>
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Tarpey, P. S., Smith, R., Pleasance, E., Whibley, A., Edkins, S., Hardy, C., O'Meara, S., Latimer, C., Dicks, E., Menzies, A., Stephens, P., Blow, M., and 67 others.
<strong>A systematic, large-scale resequencing screen of X-chromosome coding exons in mental retardation.</strong>
Nature Genet. 41: 535-543, 2009.
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19377476/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">19377476</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19377476" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.367" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 03/03/2025
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 09/07/2016<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 2/24/2015<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 3/21/2012<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 4/22/2011<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 12/10/2010<br>Ada Hamosh - updated : 10/1/2009<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 5/5/2008
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Victor A. McKusick : 4/27/2000
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alopez : 03/04/2025
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ckniffin : 03/03/2025<br>carol : 08/20/2021<br>carol : 08/19/2021<br>carol : 09/15/2016<br>ckniffin : 09/07/2016<br>carol : 03/03/2015<br>mcolton : 2/25/2015<br>ckniffin : 2/24/2015<br>terry : 11/29/2012<br>alopez : 3/30/2012<br>ckniffin : 3/21/2012<br>carol : 10/26/2011<br>wwang : 5/11/2011<br>ckniffin : 4/22/2011<br>wwang : 1/7/2011<br>ckniffin : 12/10/2010<br>ckniffin : 12/10/2010<br>alopez : 10/7/2009<br>terry : 10/1/2009<br>carol : 5/6/2008<br>carol : 5/5/2008<br>ckniffin : 5/5/2008<br>ckniffin : 4/8/2008<br>terry : 3/3/2005<br>carol : 4/27/2000
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<strong>#</strong> 300243
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INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, CHRISTIANSON TYPE; MRXSCH
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<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
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MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, CHRISTIANSON TYPE<br />
ANGELMAN-LIKE SYNDROME, X-LINKED<br />
MENTAL RETARDATION, MICROCEPHALY, EPILEPSY, AND ATAXIA SYNDROME
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<strong>SNOMEDCT:</strong> 702354007; &nbsp;
<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 85278; &nbsp;
<strong>DO:</strong> 0060825; &nbsp;
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<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
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Location
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Phenotype
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Phenotype <br /> MIM number
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Inheritance
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Phenotype <br /> mapping key
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Gene/Locus
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Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
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Xq26.3
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Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked syndromic, Christianson type
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300243
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X-linked
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3
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SLC9A6
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300231
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<strong>TEXT</strong>
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<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that the Christianson type of X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder (MRXSCH) is caused by hemizygous mutation in the SLC9A6 gene (300231) on chromosome Xq26.</p><p>Heterozygous mutation in the SLC9A6 gene can also cause X-linked female-restricted neurodegenerative disorder with parkinsonism and cognitive impairment (NDPACX; 301142).</p>
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<strong>Description</strong>
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<p>The Christianson type of X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder (MRXSCH), which affects males, is characterized by microcephaly, impaired ocular movements, progressive severe global developmental delay, developmental regression, hypotonia, abnormal movements, and early-onset seizures of variable types. Heterozygous female carriers may be unaffected or have mild learning difficulties (summary by Schroer et al., 2010 and Pescosolido et al., 2014). </p><p>Some clinical features of this disorder show overlap with Angelman syndrome (AS; 105830).</p>
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<strong>Clinical Features</strong>
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<p>Christianson et al. (1999) described a 5-generation South African family with an X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder comprising 16 affected males and 10 carrier females. The clinical features common to the 16 males included profoundly impaired intellectual development (100%), mutism despite apparently normal hearing (100%), grand mal epilepsy (87.5%), and limited life expectancy (68.8%). Of the 4 affected males examined, all had mild craniofacial dysmorphism and 3 were noted to have bilateral ophthalmoplegia and truncal ataxia. Three of the 10 obligate female carriers had mildly impaired intellectual development. Cerebellar and brainstem atrophy was demonstrated by cranial imaging and postmortem examination. Gilfillan et al. (2008) provided follow-up on the family reported by Christianson et al. (1999). Additional features included microcephaly, absence of expressive verbal language, and slow regression of walking ability. The youngest affected individual had a friendly demeanor. </p><p>Gilfillan et al. (2008) reported 3 additional families with the disorder. Affected individuals had profoundly impaired intellectual development, absence of verbal language, seizures, and ataxia. Three affected males from a Norwegian family showed deceleration of head growth in the first year of life. Epilepsy occurred between 9 and 26 months. All had a happy demeanor with frequent smiling and episodes of unprovoked laughter. Other features included ataxia, hyperkinetic movements, open mouth, drooling, swallowing difficulties, and thin body habitus. Brain MRI of 1 patient showed progressive cerebellar atrophy. An affected Swedish boy had similar features; his carrier mother had severe dyslexia. Three affected boys in a U.K. family also had a long face with pointed jaw, profuse dribbling, poor growth capacity, and variable ambulation. Variable features included swallowing difficulties and flexed arms. Gilfillan et al. (2008) noted that the phenotype in all families was similar to that of Angelman syndrome. </p><p>Schroer et al. (2010) reported a large family in which 6 males had Christianson syndrome confirmed by genetic analysis (R468X; 300231.0002). All had profoundly impaired intellectual development with lack of speech development, and only 1 acquired independent ambulation. Most had hypotonia in infancy, and all had onset of severe seizures by age 2 years. Many had developmental regression during the first decade. Other features included microcephaly, open mouth, and abnormal eye movements. Two had involuntary movements, 1 with hyperreflexia and clonus. Three had a happy demeanor with frequent laughing and smiling. Three carrier females had learning problems. Brain MRI of 3 of the boys showed cerebellar atrophy, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) showed a prominent glutamine/glutamate peak. </p><p>Pescosolido et al. (2014) reported 14 boys, between 4 and 19 years of age, from 12 unrelated families with MRXSCH confirmed by genetic analysis. One of the families had previously been reported by Schroer et al. (2010). All patients had delayed psychomotor development with absent or very poor speech, and about 50% showed developmental regression at some point. Most (92%) had microcephaly. All patients had truncal ataxia with an unsteady gait, and most (79%) had a history of hypotonia. Cognitive functioning was profoundly impaired. All patients had early onset of variable seizure types between 4 months and 3 years of age, and 4 patients had a phenotype consistent with an epileptic encephalopathy; EEG showed various abnormalities. More than one-third of patients (43%) were originally diagnosed clinically with Angelman syndrome because of movement or balance disorders, lack of speech, impaired intellectual development, a happy demeanor, and unprovoked laughter. Six patients (43%) were initially diagnosed clinically with autism, and 8 of 9 children formally tested met autism criteria. Other common features included abnormal eye movements (79%), sleep problems (64%), gastroesophageal reflux (50%), and hyperkinetic movements (100%). Many parents reported a high pain threshold. Three patients had documented cerebellar atrophy. Female carriers had diverse presentations, including normal functioning, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and psychiatric illness. </p><p>Riess et al. (2013) reported a German family (family 1) in which a boy and his 2 maternal uncles had MRXSCH. The 18-month-old proband had feeding difficulties in the first weeks of life, onset of seizures at 10 months, and poor overall growth with microcephaly. He could not walk or talk at 18 months. His 2 maternal uncles had severe intellectual disability, secondary microcephaly, epilepsy, and scoliosis. X inactivation in the unaffected mother show a random pattern (54:46). The grandmother of the proband, who was thought to be an obligate carrier, developed features of Parkinson disease at 55 years of age, including rigidity, slowness of movements, and depression. Brain MRI showed slight general brain atrophy. Her mother reportedly had parkinsonism in her seventies and died at age 82. The index patient of a second German family (family 2) was a 7-year-old boy with onset of seizures at 16 months, severe developmental delay, microcephaly, and strabismus. X-inactivation studies in his unaffected mother was not skewed (58:42). </p><p><strong><em>Clinical Variability</em></strong></p><p>
Masurel-Paulet et al. (2016) reported a family with an attenuated form of MRXSCH. The proband was a 9-year-old boy with mild intellectual disability, severe early language delay that improved with time, normal gross motor development, and postnatal microcephaly (less than third percentile). He had only 1 seizure at age 3 years that was well-controlled. He had no dysmorphic features except strabismus, and no ataxia or cerebellar symptoms, although brain imaging showed mild cerebellar atrophy. A 40-year-old maternal uncle had mild intellectual disability and early speech delay, but worked as a forklift truck driver and was married. He had normal head circumference, no ataxia, and no seizures. The proband's mother and his 3 sisters all had learning difficulties and writing difficulties with features of dyslexia and dysphasia without microcephaly. Targeted genetic sequencing identified a splice site mutation in the SLC9A6 gene (300231.0007) in the proband, his uncle, mother, and the proband's 3 mildly affected sisters. Analysis of proband cells showed that the mutation resulted in the production of 4 different transcripts, with 90% of the transcripts resulting in the skipping of exon 3 and an in-frame deletion that may affect protein folding. Masurel-Paulet et al. (2016) postulated that the milder phenotype in this family may be explained by the residual production of about 10% of the normal transcript. </p>
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<strong>Diagnosis</strong>
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<p>Pescosolido et al. (2014) proposed diagnostic criteria for MRXSCH. Core diagnostic symptoms (in over 85% of patients) include early-childhood onset in boys, nonverbal status, moderate to severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, truncal ataxia, postnatal microcephaly and/or attenuation in growth of head circumference, and hyperkinetic behavior. Secondary symptoms that are often present (in over 35% of patients) include symptoms of autism and/or Angelman syndrome, eye movement abnormalities, developmental regression, particularly loss of independent ambulation after 10 years of age, low weight for age, and cerebellar vermis atrophy, particularly after 10 years of age. </p>
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<strong>Pathogenesis</strong>
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<p>Garbern et al. (2010) reported the neuropathologic findings of 2 adult brothers with X-linked intellectual development disorder due to a hemizygous mutation in the SLC9A6 gene (300231.0005). There was generalized symmetric cerebral atrophy with atrophy of the white matter, and marked neuronal loss and gliosis of the globus pallidus, putamen, substantia nigra, and cerebellar cortex. There were numerous tau (MAPT; 157140)-positive intracellular inclusions in the glial cells throughout the white matter and strongly tau-positive tangle-like inclusions in neurons of the substantia nigra, locus ceruleus, pontine nuclei, basal ganglia, thalami, and cranial nerve nuclei. Tau-positive neurons were also found in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. The tau proteins were predominantly of the 4R type, were insoluble, and highly phosphorylated. The neuropathologic findings resembled those seen in tauopathies caused by MAPT mutations (FTD; 600274), but no MAPT mutations were found in this family. The phenotype of these patients, and of other affected males in this large family, included profoundly impaired intellectual development, autistic features, incontinence, and late-onset truncal ataxia. Variable features included small head, mutism, seizures, ophthalmoplegia, and hand-wringing. Dysmorphic features were not noted. Garbern et al. (2010) suggested that the pathogenesis of this disorder resulted from aberrant MAPT processing, suggesting a possible interaction between the SLC9A6 gene function and cytoskeletal elements involved in vesicular transport. </p>
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<strong>Mapping</strong>
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<p>By linkage analysis of a South African family with X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder, Christianson et al. (1999) found linkage to chromosome Xq27.3 between markers DXS424 (Xq24) and DXS548 (Xq27.3) (maximum 2-point lod score of 3.10). </p>
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<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
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<p>In affected members of 4 unrelated families with Christianson-type X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder, including the original family reported by Christianson et al. (1999), Gilfillan et al. (2008) identified 4 different mutations in the SLC9A6 gene (300231.0001-300231.0004). </p><p>Tarpey et al. (2009) sequenced the coding exons of the X chromosome in 208 families with X-linked intellectual developmental disorder. They identified 2 independent nonrecurring truncating mutations in SLC9A6 that segregated precisely with the phenotype. In addition to X-linked impaired intellectual development, affected individuals had epilepsy and ataxia. </p><p>Pescosolido et al. (2014) found de novo SLC9A6 mutations in 7 (58%) of 12 families with MRXSCH. All of the mutations were predicted to result in truncation of the protein or splicing defects. No genotype/phenotype correlations were observed, and cellular functional studies were not performed. </p><p>In 3 affected males of a German family (family 1) with MRXSCH, Riess et al. (2013) identified a hemizygous frameshift mutation in the SLC9A6 gene (300231.0008). The mutation was present in the unaffected mother of the proband who had random X-inactivation (54:46). The grandmother of the proband and her mother, who were thought to be obligate carriers, developed late-onset parkinsonism. The male proband of a second German family (family 2) carried a hemizygous splice site mutation in the SLC9A6 gene that was inherited from his unaffected mother, who had non-skewed X inactivation (58:42). Functional studies of the variants were not performed. </p>
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<strong>Population Genetics</strong>
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<p>Pescosolido et al. (2014) estimated that MRXSCH may be one of the most common causes of X-linked developmental brain disorders, affecting from 1 in 16,000 to 1 in 100,000 people worldwide. </p>
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<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
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<p class="mim-text-font">
Christianson, A. L., Stevenson, R. E., van der Meyden, C. H., Pelser, J., Theron, F. W., van Rensburg, P. L., Chandler, M., Schwartz, C. E.
<strong>X linked severe mental retardation, craniofacial dysmorphology, epilepsy, ophthalmoplegia, and cerebellar atrophy in a large South African kindred is localised to Xq24-q27.</strong>
J. Med. Genet. 36: 759-766, 1999.
[PubMed: 10528855]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.36.10.759]
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<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Garbern, J. Y., Neumann, M., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M.-Y., Feldman, G., Norris, J. W., Friez, M. J., Schwartz, C. E., Stevenson, R., Sima, A. A. F.
<strong>A mutation affecting the sodium/proton exchanger, SLC9A6, causes mental retardation with tau deposition.</strong>
Brain 133: 1391-1402, 2010.
[PubMed: 20395263]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq071]
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<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Gilfillan, G. D., Selmer, K. K., Roxrud, I., Smith, R., Kyllerman, M., Eiklid, K., Kroken, M., Mattingsdal, M., Egeland, T., Stenmark, H., Sjoholm, H., Server, A., and 15 others.
<strong>SLC9A6 mutations cause X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxia, a phenotype mimicking Angelman syndrome.</strong>
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1003-1010, 2008.
[PubMed: 18342287]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.01.013]
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<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Masurel-Paulet, A., Piton, A., Chancenotte, S., Redin, C., Thauvin-Robinet, C., Henrenger, Y., Minot, D., Creppy, A., Ruffier-Bourdet, M., Thevenon, J., Kuentz, P., Lehalle, D., and 10 others.
<strong>A new family with an SLC9A6 mutation expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Christianson syndrome.</strong>
Am. J. Med. Genet. 170A: 2103-2110, 2016.
[PubMed: 27256868]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.37765]
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<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Pescosolido, M. F., Stein, D. M., Schmidt, M., El Achkar, C. M., Sabbagh, M., Rogg, J. M., Tantravahi, U., McLean, R. L., Liu, J. S., Poduri, A., Morrow, E. M.
<strong>Genetic and phenotypic diversity of NHE6 mutations in Christianson syndrome.</strong>
Ann. Neurol. 76: 581-593, 2014.
[PubMed: 25044251]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24225]
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</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Riess, A., Rossier, E., Kruger, R., Dufke, A., Beck-Woedl, S., Horber, V., Alber, M., Glaser, D., Riess, O., Tzschach, A.
<strong>Novel SLC9A6 mutations in two families with Christianson syndrome.</strong>
Clin. Genet. 83: 596-597, 2013.
[PubMed: 22931061]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01948.x]
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</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Schroer, R. J., Holden, K. R., Tarpey, P. S., Matheus, M. G., Griesemer, D. A., Friez, M. J., Fan, J. Z., Simensen, R. J., Stromme, P., Stevenson, R. E., Stratton, M. R., Schwartz, C. E.
<strong>Natural history of Christianson syndrome.</strong>
Am. J. Med. Genet. 152A: 2775-2783, 2010.
[PubMed: 20949524]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.33093]
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</li>
<li>
<p class="mim-text-font">
Tarpey, P. S., Smith, R., Pleasance, E., Whibley, A., Edkins, S., Hardy, C., O'Meara, S., Latimer, C., Dicks, E., Menzies, A., Stephens, P., Blow, M., and 67 others.
<strong>A systematic, large-scale resequencing screen of X-chromosome coding exons in mental retardation.</strong>
Nature Genet. 41: 535-543, 2009.
[PubMed: 19377476]
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.367]
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Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 03/03/2025<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 09/07/2016<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 2/24/2015<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 3/21/2012<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 4/22/2011<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 12/10/2010<br>Ada Hamosh - updated : 10/1/2009<br>Cassandra L. Kniffin - updated : 5/5/2008
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