3246 lines
216 KiB
Text
3246 lines
216 KiB
Text
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us" >
|
|
|
|
<head>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
################################# CRAWLER WARNING #################################
|
|
|
|
- The terms of service and the robots.txt file disallows crawling of this site,
|
|
please see https://omim.org/help/agreement for more information.
|
|
|
|
- A number of data files are available for download at https://omim.org/downloads.
|
|
|
|
- We have an API which you can learn about at https://omim.org/help/api and register
|
|
for at https://omim.org/api, this provides access to the data in JSON & XML formats.
|
|
|
|
- You should feel free to contact us at https://omim.org/contact to figure out the best
|
|
approach to getting the data you need for your work.
|
|
|
|
- WE WILL AUTOMATICALLY BLOCK YOUR IP ADDRESS IF YOU CRAWL THIS SITE.
|
|
|
|
- WE WILL ALSO AUTOMATICALLY BLOCK SUB-DOMAINS AND ADDRESS RANGES IMPLICATED IN
|
|
DISTRIBUTED CRAWLS OF THIS SITE.
|
|
|
|
################################# CRAWLER WARNING #################################
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache" />
|
|
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache" />
|
|
<meta name="robots" content="index, follow" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
|
|
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
<meta name="title" content="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)" />
|
|
<meta name="description" content="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a comprehensive, authoritative
|
|
compendium of human genes and genetic phenotypes that is freely available and updated daily. The full-text,
|
|
referenced overviews in OMIM contain information on all known mendelian disorders and over 15,000 genes.
|
|
OMIM focuses on the relationship between phenotype and genotype. It is updated daily, and the entries
|
|
contain copious links to other genetics resources." />
|
|
<meta name="keywords" content="Mendelian Inheritance in Man, OMIM, Mendelian diseases, Mendelian disorders, genetic diseases,
|
|
genetic disorders, genetic disorders in humans, genetic phenotypes, phenotype and genotype, disease models, alleles,
|
|
genes, dna, genetics, dna testing, gene testing, clinical synopsis, medical genetics" />
|
|
<meta name="theme-color" content="#333333" />
|
|
<link rel="icon" href="/static/omim/favicon.png" />
|
|
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/omim/favicon.png" />
|
|
<link rel="manifest" href="/static/omim/manifest.json" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script id='mimBrowserCapability'>
|
|
function _0x5069(){const _0x4b1387=['91sZIeLc','mimBrowserCapability','15627zshTnf','710004yxXedd','34LxqNYj','match','disconnect','1755955rnzTod','observe','1206216ZRfBWB','575728fqgsYy','webdriver','documentElement','close','open','3086704utbakv','7984143PpiTpt'];_0x5069=function(){return _0x4b1387;};return _0x5069();}function _0xe429(_0x472ead,_0x43eb70){const _0x506916=_0x5069();return _0xe429=function(_0xe42949,_0x1aaefc){_0xe42949=_0xe42949-0x1a9;let _0xe6add8=_0x506916[_0xe42949];return _0xe6add8;},_0xe429(_0x472ead,_0x43eb70);}(function(_0x337daa,_0x401915){const _0x293f03=_0xe429,_0x5811dd=_0x337daa();while(!![]){try{const _0x3dc3a3=parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1b4))/0x1*(-parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1b6))/0x2)+parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1b5))/0x3+parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1b0))/0x4+-parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1b9))/0x5+parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1aa))/0x6+-parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1b2))/0x7*(parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1ab))/0x8)+parseInt(_0x293f03(0x1b1))/0x9;if(_0x3dc3a3===_0x401915)break;else _0x5811dd['push'](_0x5811dd['shift']());}catch(_0x4dd27b){_0x5811dd['push'](_0x5811dd['shift']());}}}(_0x5069,0x84d63),(function(){const _0x9e4c5f=_0xe429,_0x363a26=new MutationObserver(function(){const _0x458b09=_0xe429;if(document!==null){let _0x2f0621=![];navigator[_0x458b09(0x1ac)]!==![]&&(_0x2f0621=!![]);for(const _0x427dda in window){_0x427dda[_0x458b09(0x1b7)](/cdc_[a-z0-9]/ig)&&(_0x2f0621=!![]);}_0x2f0621===!![]?document[_0x458b09(0x1af)]()[_0x458b09(0x1ae)]():(_0x363a26[_0x458b09(0x1b8)](),document['getElementById'](_0x458b09(0x1b3))['remove']());}});_0x363a26[_0x9e4c5f(0x1a9)](document[_0x9e4c5f(0x1ad)],{'childList':!![]});}()));
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel='preconnect' href='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net' />
|
|
<link rel='preconnect' href='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com' />
|
|
|
|
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery@3.7.1/dist/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha256-/JqT3SQfawRcv/BIHPThkBvs0OEvtFFmqPF/lYI/Cxo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery-migrate@3.5.2/dist/jquery-migrate.js" integrity="sha256-ThFcNr/v1xKVt5cmolJIauUHvtXFOwwqiTP7IbgP8EU=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha256-nuL8/2cJ5NDSSwnKD8VqreErSWHtnEP9E7AySL+1ev4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha256-bZLfwXAP04zRMK2BjiO8iu9pf4FbLqX6zitd+tIvLhE=" crossorigin="anonymous">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css" integrity="sha256-8uHMIn1ru0GS5KO+zf7Zccf8Uw12IA5DrdEcmMuWLFM=" crossorigin="anonymous">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/moment@2.29.4/min/moment.min.js" integrity="sha256-80OqMZoXo/w3LuatWvSCub9qKYyyJlK0qnUCYEghBx8=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker@4.17.49/build/js/bootstrap-datetimepicker.min.js" integrity="sha256-dYxUtecag9x4IaB2vUNM34sEso6rWTgEche5J6ahwEQ=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker@4.17.49/build/css/bootstrap-datetimepicker.min.css" integrity="sha256-9FNpuXEYWYfrusiXLO73oIURKAOVzqzkn69cVqgKMRY=" crossorigin="anonymous">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/qtip2@3.0.3/dist/jquery.qtip.min.js" integrity="sha256-a+PRq3NbyK3G08Boio9X6+yFiHpTSIrbE7uzZvqmDac=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/qtip2@3.0.3/dist/jquery.qtip.min.css" integrity="sha256-JvdVmxv7Q0LsN1EJo2zc1rACwzatOzkyx11YI4aP9PY=" crossorigin="anonymous">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/devbridge-autocomplete@1.4.11/dist/jquery.autocomplete.min.js" integrity="sha256-BNpu3uLkB3SwY3a2H3Ue7WU69QFdSRlJVBrDTnVKjiA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery-validation@1.21.0/dist/jquery.validate.min.js" integrity="sha256-umbTaFxP31Fv6O1itpLS/3+v5fOAWDLOUzlmvOGaKV4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/js-cookie@3.0.5/dist/js.cookie.min.js" integrity="sha256-WCzAhd2P6gRJF9Hv3oOOd+hFJi/QJbv+Azn4CGB8gfY=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/ScrollToFixed/1.0.8/jquery-scrolltofixed-min.js" integrity="sha512-ohXbv1eFvjIHMXG/jY057oHdBZ/jhthP1U3jES/nYyFdc9g6xBpjDjKIacGoPG6hY//xVQeqpWx8tNjexXWdqA==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-HMPSQC23JJ"></script>
|
|
<script>
|
|
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
|
|
function gtag(){window.dataLayer.push(arguments);}
|
|
gtag("js", new Date());
|
|
gtag("config", "G-HMPSQC23JJ");
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="/static/omim/js/site.js?version=Zmk5Y1" integrity="sha256-fi9cXywxCO5p0mU1OSWcMp0DTQB4s8ncFR8j+IO840s="></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/omim/css/site.css?version=VGE4MF" integrity="sha256-Ta80Qpm3w1S8kmnN0ornbsZxdfA32R42R4ncsbos0YU=" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="/static/omim/js/entry/entry.js?version=anMvRU" integrity="sha256-js/EBOBZzGDctUqr1VhnNPzEiA7w3HM5JbFmOj2CW84="></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimBootstrapDeviceSize">
|
|
<div class="visible-xs" data-mim-bootstrap-device-size="xs"></div>
|
|
<div class="visible-sm" data-mim-bootstrap-device-size="sm"></div>
|
|
<div class="visible-md" data-mim-bootstrap-device-size="md"></div>
|
|
<div class="visible-lg" data-mim-bootstrap-device-size="lg"></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<title>
|
|
|
|
Entry
|
|
|
|
- #220400 - JERVELL AND LANGE-NIELSEN SYNDROME 1; JLNS1
|
|
|
|
|
|
- OMIM
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</head>
|
|
|
|
<body>
|
|
<div id="mimBody">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimHeader" class="hidden-print">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top mim-navbar-background">
|
|
<div class="container-fluid">
|
|
|
|
<!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
|
|
<div class="navbar-header">
|
|
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#mimNavbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
<span class="sr-only"> Toggle navigation </span>
|
|
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
|
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
|
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
<a class="navbar-brand" href="/"><img alt="OMIM" src="/static/omim/icons/OMIM_davinciman.001.png" height="30" width="30"></a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimNavbarCollapse" class="collapse navbar-collapse">
|
|
|
|
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/help/about"><span class="mim-navbar-menu-font"> About </span></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#" id="mimStatisticsDropdown" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="mim-navbar-menu-font"> Statistics <span class="caret"></span></span></a>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="statisticsDropdown">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/statistics/update"> Update List </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/statistics/entry"> Entry Statistics </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/statistics/geneMap"> Phenotype-Gene Statistics </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/statistics/paceGraph"> Pace of Gene Discovery Graph </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#" id="mimDownloadsDropdown" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="mim-navbar-menu-font"> Downloads <span class="caret"></span></span></a>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="downloadsDropdown">
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/downloads/"> Register for Downloads </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/api"> Register for API Access </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/contact?mimNumber=220400"><span class="mim-navbar-menu-font"> Contact Us </span></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<a href="/mimmatch/">
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-navbar-menu-font">
|
|
<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>MIMmatch</strong>" qtip_text="MIMmatch is a way to follow OMIM entries that interest you and to find other researchers who may share interest in the same entries. <br /><br />A bonus to all MIMmatch users is the option to sign up for updates on new gene-phenotype relationships.">
|
|
MIMmatch
|
|
</span>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#" id="mimDonateDropdown" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="mim-navbar-menu-font"> Donate <span class="caret"></span></span></a>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="donateDropdown">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="https://secure.jhu.edu/form/OMIM" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_donation', {'destination': 'secure.jhu.edu'})"> Donate! </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/donors"> Donors </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#" id="mimHelpDropdown" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="mim-navbar-menu-font"> Help <span class="caret"></span></span></a>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="helpDropdown">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/help/faq"> Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/help/search"> Search Help </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/help/linking"> Linking Help </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/help/api"> API Help </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/help/external"> External Links </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/help/agreement"> Use Agreement </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/help/copyright"> Copyright </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="#" id="mimShowTips" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Click to reveal all tips on the page. You can also hover over individual elements to reveal the tip."><span class="mim-navbar-menu-font"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign" aria-hidden="true"></span></span></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimSearch" class="hidden-print">
|
|
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
|
|
<form method="get" action="/search" id="mimEntrySearchForm" name="entrySearchForm" class="form-horizontal">
|
|
|
|
<input type="hidden" id="mimSearchIndex" name="index" value="entry" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" id="mimSearchStart" name="start" value="1" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" id="mimSearchLimit" name="limit" value="10" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" id="mimSearchSort" name="sort" value="score desc, prefix_sort desc" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
|
|
<div class="col-lg-8 col-md-8 col-sm-8 col-xs-8">
|
|
<div class="form-group">
|
|
<div class="input-group">
|
|
<input type="search" id="mimEntrySearch" name="search" class="form-control" value="" placeholder="Search OMIM..." maxlength="5000" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="none" spellcheck="false" autofocus />
|
|
<div class="input-group-btn">
|
|
<button type="submit" id="mimEntrySearchSubmit" class="btn btn-default" style="width: 5em;"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></button>
|
|
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"> Options <span class="caret"></span></button>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
|
|
<li class="dropdown-header">
|
|
Advanced Search
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li style="margin-left: 0.5em;">
|
|
<a href="/search/advanced/entry"> OMIM </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li style="margin-left: 0.5em;">
|
|
<a href="/search/advanced/clinicalSynopsis"> Clinical Synopses </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li style="margin-left: 0.5em;">
|
|
<a href="/search/advanced/geneMap"> Gene Map </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="/history"> Search History </a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="autocomplete" id="mimEntrySearchAutocomplete"></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4 col-xs-4">
|
|
<span class="small">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</form>
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<p />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!-- <div id="mimSearch"> -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimContent">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="container hidden-print">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
|
|
<div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12">
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimAlertBanner">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-2 hidden-sm hidden-xs">
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimFloatingTocMenu" class="small" role="navigation">
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
<span class="h4">#220400</span>
|
|
<br />
|
|
<strong>Table of Contents</strong>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<nav>
|
|
<ul id="mimFloatingTocMenuItems" class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked mim-floating-toc-padding">
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="#phenotypeMap"><strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/220400"><strong>Clinical Synopsis</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS220400"> <strong>Phenotypic Series</strong> </a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="#text"><strong>Text</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
|
|
<a href="#description">Description</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
|
|
<a href="#clinicalFeatures">Clinical Features</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
|
|
<a href="#clinicalManagement">Clinical Management</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
|
|
<a href="#populationGenetics">Population Genetics</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
|
|
<a href="#mapping">Mapping</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
|
|
<a href="#inheritance">Inheritance</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
|
|
<a href="#molecularGenetics">Molecular Genetics</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation" style="margin-left: 1em">
|
|
<a href="#history">History</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="#seeAlso"><strong>See Also</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="#references"><strong>References</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="#contributors"><strong>Contributors</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="#creationDate"><strong>Creation Date</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li role="presentation">
|
|
<a href="#editHistory"><strong>Edit History</strong></a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="col-lg-2 col-lg-push-8 col-md-2 col-md-push-8 col-sm-2 col-sm-push-8 col-xs-12">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimFloatingLinksMenu">
|
|
|
|
<div class="panel panel-primary" style="margin-bottom: 0px; border-radius: 4px 4px 0px 0px">
|
|
<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimExternalLinks">
|
|
<h4 class="panel-title">
|
|
<a href="#mimExternalLinksFold" id="mimExternalLinksToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<div style="display: table-row">
|
|
<div id="mimExternalLinksToggleTriangle" class="small" style="color: white; display: table-cell;">▼</div>
|
|
|
|
<div style="display: table-cell;">External Links</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</a>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimExternalLinksFold" class="collapse in">
|
|
|
|
<div class="panel-group" id="mimExternalLinksAccordion" role="tablist" aria-multiselectable="true">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
|
|
<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimClinicalResources">
|
|
<span class="panel-title">
|
|
<span class="small">
|
|
<a href="#mimClinicalResourcesLinksFold" id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggle" class=" mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
|
|
<div style="display: table-row">
|
|
<div id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">▼</div>
|
|
|
|
<div style="display: table-cell;">Clinical Resources</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="mimClinicalResourcesLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse in mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="clinicalResources">
|
|
<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=JERVELL AND LANGE-NIELSEN SYNDROME" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A registry of federally and privately supported clinical trials conducted in the United States and around the world." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Clinical Trials', 'domain': 'clinicaltrials.gov'})">Clinical Trials</a></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="#mimEuroGentestFold" id="mimEuroGentestToggle" data-toggle="collapse" class="mim-tip-hint mimTriangleToggle" title="A list of European laboratories that offer genetic testing."><span id="mimEuroGentestToggleTriangle" class="small" style="margin-left: -0.8em;">►</span>EuroGentest</div>
|
|
<div id="mimEuroGentestFold" class="collapse">
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/ClinicalLabs_Search_Simple.php?lng=EN&LnkId=658&Typ=Pat" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'EuroGentest', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Familial long QT syndrome </a></div><div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/ClinicalLabs_Search_Simple.php?lng=EN&LnkId=12056&Typ=Pat" title="Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'EuroGentest', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Jervell and Lange-Nielsen … </a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1405/" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Expert-authored, peer-reviewed descriptions of inherited disorders including the uses of genetic testing in diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Gene Reviews', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">Gene Reviews</a></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/all/tests/?term=220400[mim]" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Genetic Testing Registry." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'GTR', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">GTR</a></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="#mimOrphanetFold" id="mimOrphanetToggle" data-toggle="collapse" class="mim-tip-hint mimTriangleToggle" title="European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs."><span id="mimOrphanetToggleTriangle" class="small" style="margin-left: -0.8em;">►</span>Orphanet</div>
|
|
<div id="mimOrphanetFold" class="collapse">
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=768" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrphaNet', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Familial long QT syndrome</a></div><div style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=90647" title="Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'OrphaNet', 'domain': 'orpha.net'})">Jervell and Lange-Nielsen …</a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="https://www.possumcore.com/nuxeo/nxdoc/default/fcc922a6-2155-4809-95bc-812c59392302/view_documents?source=omim" class="mim-tip-hint" title="A dysmorphology database of multiple malformations; metabolic, teratogenic, chromosomal, and skeletal syndromes; and their images." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'POSSUM', 'domain': 'possum.net.au'})">POSSUM</a></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 0px; border-radius: 0px">
|
|
<div class="panel-heading mim-panel-heading" role="tab" id="mimAnimalModels">
|
|
<span class="panel-title">
|
|
<span class="small">
|
|
<a href="#mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggle" class="collapsed mimSingletonTriangleToggle" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#mimExternalLinksAccordion">
|
|
<div style="display: table-row">
|
|
<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksToggleTriangle" class="small mimSingletonTriangle" style="color: #337CB5; display: table-cell;">►</div>
|
|
|
|
<div style="display: table-cell;">Animal Models</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="mimAnimalModelsLinksFold" class="panel-collapse collapse mimLinksFold" role="tabpanel">
|
|
<div class="panel-body small mim-panel-body">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="https://www.alliancegenome.org/disease/DOID:2842" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Search Across Species; explore model organism and human comparative genomics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Alliance Genome', 'domain': 'alliancegenome.org'})">Alliance Genome</a></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/disease/220400" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotypes, alleles, and disease models from Mouse Genome Informatics." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'MGI Mouse Phenotype', 'domain': 'informatics.jax.org'})">MGI Mouse Phenotype</a></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div><a href="https://wormbase.org/resources/disease/DOID:2842" class="mim-tip-hint" title="Database of the biology and genome of Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes." target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'Wormbase Disease Ontology', 'domain': 'wormbase.org'})">Wormbase Disease Ontology</a></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<span>
|
|
<span class="mim-tip-bottom" qtip_title="<strong>Looking for this gene or this phenotype in other resources?</strong>" qtip_text="Select a related resource from the dropdown menu and click for a targeted link to information directly relevant.">
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="col-lg-8 col-lg-pull-2 col-md-8 col-md-pull-2 col-sm-8 col-sm-pull-2 col-xs-12">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
|
|
<a id="title" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="number" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="text-right">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="#" class="mim-tip-icd" qtip_title="<strong>ICD+</strong>" qtip_text="
|
|
|
|
<strong>SNOMEDCT:</strong> 373905003<br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 768, 90647<br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
<strong>DO:</strong> 2842<br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
">ICD+</a>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h3">
|
|
<span class="mim-font mim-tip-hint" title="Phenotype description, molecular basis known">
|
|
<span class="text-danger"><strong>#</strong></span>
|
|
220400
|
|
</span>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="preferredTitle" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h3>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
JERVELL AND LANGE-NIELSEN SYNDROME 1; JLNS1
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h3>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="alternativeTitles" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
JLNS<br />
|
|
DEAFNESS, CONGENITAL, AND FUNCTIONAL HEART DISEASE<br />
|
|
PROLONGED QT INTERVAL IN EKG AND SUDDEN DEATH<br />
|
|
CARDIOAUDITORY SYNDROME OF JERVELL AND LANGE-NIELSEN<br />
|
|
SURDO-CARDIAC SYNDROME
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="phenotypeMap" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover small mim-table-padding">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr class="active">
|
|
<th>
|
|
Location
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Phenotype
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Phenotype <br /> MIM number
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Inheritance
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Phenotype <br /> mapping key
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Gene/Locus
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
|
|
</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/11/82?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=82">
|
|
11p15.5-p15.4
|
|
</a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/220400"> 220400 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
KCNQ1
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607542"> 607542 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="btn-group ">
|
|
<a href="/clinicalSynopsis/220400" class="btn btn-warning" role="button"> Clinical Synopsis </a>
|
|
<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'ClinicalSynopsis', 'omim.org')">
|
|
<span class="caret"></span>
|
|
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="btn-group">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS220400" class="btn btn-info" role="button"> Phenotypic Series </a>
|
|
|
|
<button type="button" id="mimPhenotypicSeriesToggle" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle mimSingletonFoldToggle" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Unfurl', 'PhenotypicSeries', 'omim.org')">
|
|
<span class="caret"></span>
|
|
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="btn-group">
|
|
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
PheneGene Graphics <span class="caret"></span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu" style="width: 17em;">
|
|
<li><a href="/graph/linear/220400" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Linear'})"> Linear </a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="/graph/radial/220400" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_graph', {'destination': 'Radial'})"> Radial </a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign mim-tip-hint" title="OMIM PheneGene graphics depict relationships between phenotypes, groups of related phenotypes (Phenotypic Series), and genes.<br /><a href='/static/omim/pdf/OMIM_Graphics.pdf' target='_blank'>A quick reference overview and guide (PDF)</a>"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<p />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimClinicalSynopsisFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
|
|
<div class="small" style="margin: 5px">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> INHERITANCE </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Autosomal recessive <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/258211005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">258211005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0441748&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0441748</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000007</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0000007</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> HEAD & NECK </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Ears </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Congenital sensorineural hearing loss <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/700453005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">700453005</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C1865866&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C1865866</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0008527" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0008527</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0008527" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0008527</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> CARDIOVASCULAR </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<em> Heart </em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Prolonged QT interval seen on EKG <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C4315789&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C4315789</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/111975006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">111975006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001657" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001657</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Syncope <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/272030005" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">272030005</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/271594007" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">271594007</a>, <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/309585006" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">309585006</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/R55" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">R55</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD9CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD9CM/780.2" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD9CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">780.2</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C3541349&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C3541349</a>, <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0039070&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0039070</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001279" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001279</a>, <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0007185" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0007185</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001279" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001279</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Torsades de pointes <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/31722008" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">31722008</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[ICD10CM: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/I47.21" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'ICD10CM\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">I47.21</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0040479&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0040479</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001664" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001664</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001664" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001664</a>]</span><br /> -
|
|
Sudden cardiac death <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[SNOMEDCT: <a href="https://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/95281009" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'SNOMEDCT\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">95281009</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0085298&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0085298</a> HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001645" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001645</a>]</span> <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[HPO: <a href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001645" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'HPO\', \'domain\': \'hpo.jax.org\'})">HP:0001645</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> MISCELLANEOUS </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Genetic heterogeneity <span class="mim-feature-ids hidden">[UMLS: <a href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/search?q=C0242960&searchproperties=true" target="_blank" onclick="gtag(\'event\', \'mim_outbound\', {\'name\': \'UMLS\', \'domain\': \'bioontology.org\'})">C0242960</a>]</span><br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="h5 mim-font">
|
|
<strong> MOLECULAR BASIS </strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div style="margin-left: 2em;">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
- Caused by mutation in the potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 1 gene (KCNQ1, <a href="/entry/607542#0013">607542.0013</a>)<br />
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="text-right">
|
|
<a href="#mimClinicalSynopsisFold" data-toggle="collapse">▲ Close</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" class="well well-sm collapse mimSingletonToggleFold">
|
|
<div class="small">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12">
|
|
<h5>
|
|
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
|
|
- <a href="/phenotypicSeries/PS220400">PS220400</a>
|
|
- 2 Entries
|
|
</h5>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="row" style="margin-left: 0.125em; margin-right: 0.125em;">
|
|
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover mim-table-padding">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Location</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-5 col-md-5 col-sm-5 col-xs-6 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Inheritance</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype<br />mapping key</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype<br />MIM number</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Gene/Locus</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 text-nowrap">
|
|
<strong>Gene/Locus<br />MIM number</strong>
|
|
</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/11/82?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=82"> 11p15.5-p15.4 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/220400"> Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/220400"> 220400 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607542"> KCNQ1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/607542"> 607542 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<a href="/geneMap/21/80?start=-3&limit=10&highlight=80"> 21q22.12 </a>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612347"> Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome 2 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="Autosomal recessive">AR</abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
<abbr class="mim-tip-hint" title="3 - The molecular basis of the disorder is known"> 3 </abbr>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/612347"> 612347 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/176261"> KCNE1 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<a href="/entry/176261"> 176261 </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="text-right small">
|
|
<a href="#mimPhenotypicSeriesFold" data-toggle="collapse">▲ Close</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="text" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h4 href="#mimTextFold" id="mimTextToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimTextToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<span class="mim-tip-floating" qtip_title="<strong>Looking For More References?</strong>" qtip_text="Click the 'reference plus' icon <span class='glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign'></span> at the end of each OMIM text paragraph to see more references related to the content of the preceding paragraph.">
|
|
<strong>TEXT</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimTextFold" class="collapse in ">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome-1 (JLNS1) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the KCNQ1 gene (<a href="/entry/607542">607542</a>) on chromosome 11p15.</p><p>Long QT syndrome-1 (LQT1; <a href="/entry/192500">192500</a>), also known as Ward-Romano syndrome, is caused by heterozygous mutation in the KCNQ1 gene.</p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="description" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimDescriptionFold" id="mimDescriptionToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimDescriptionToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Description</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimDescriptionFold" class="collapse in ">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital deafness, prolongation of the QT interval, syncopal attacks due to ventricular arrhythmias, and a high risk of sudden death (<a href="#9" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Jervell, A., Lange-Nielsen, F. <strong>Congenital deaf-mutism, functional heart disease with prolongation of Q-T interval and sudden death.</strong> Am. Heart J. 54: 59-68, 1957.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13435203/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">13435203</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-8703(57)90079-0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="13435203">Jervell and Lange-Nielsen, 1957</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=13435203" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><strong><em>Genetic Heterogeneity of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome</em></strong></p><p>
|
|
Also see JLNS2 (<a href="/entry/612347">612347</a>), caused by mutation in the KCNE1 gene (<a href="/entry/176261">176261</a>) on chromosome 21q22.</p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="clinicalFeatures" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimClinicalFeaturesFold" id="mimClinicalFeaturesToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimClinicalFeaturesToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Clinical Features</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimClinicalFeaturesFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p><a href="#9" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Jervell, A., Lange-Nielsen, F. <strong>Congenital deaf-mutism, functional heart disease with prolongation of Q-T interval and sudden death.</strong> Am. Heart J. 54: 59-68, 1957.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13435203/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">13435203</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-8703(57)90079-0" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="13435203">Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (1957)</a> reported a family in which 4 of 6 children, born to unrelated parents, had congenital deafness and prolonged QT interval and died suddenly in childhood. <a href="#11" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Levine, S. A., Woodworth, C. R. <strong>Congenital deaf-mutism, prolonged Q-T interval, syncopal attacks and sudden death.</strong> New Eng. J. Med. 259: 412-417, 1958.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13578073/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">13578073</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM195808282590902" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="13578073">Levine and Woodworth (1958)</a> reported a boy with the same features who died at age 13; no mention was made of parental consanguinity. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=13578073+13435203" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P., James, T. N. <strong>Congenital deafness associated with electrocardiographic abnormalities, fainting attacks and sudden death.</strong> Quart. J. Med. 33: 361-385, 1964.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14176667/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">14176667</a>]" pmid="14176667">Fraser et al. (1964)</a> suggested that heterozygous family members of persons with JLNS may show slight or moderate prolongation of the QT interval. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=14176667" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In studies of the temporal bones of 2 children who died with this condition, <a href="#6" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Friedmann, I., Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P. <strong>Pathology of the ear in the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (recessive deafness with electrocardiographic abnormalities).</strong> J. Laryng. 80: 451-470, 1966.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5295857/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">5295857</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/s002221510006552x" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="5295857">Friedmann et al. (1966)</a> found a striking anomaly in the form of PAS-positive hyaline nodules throughout both the cochlear and the vestibular portions of the membranous labyrinth in, or adjacent to, the terminal vessels of the vascular stria. Intracardiac electrophysiologic studies can be done to ascertain more precisely the risk of ventricular fibrillation. In this as in other hereditary forms of the long QT syndrome, as well as in acquired forms of prolonged QT, torsade de pointes (meaning 'turning of the points,' an allusion to the alternating positive and negative major QRS complex) is the usual arrhythmia observed. Secondary torsade de pointes is produced by various drugs and by intracranial disease such as subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stimulation of the left stellate ganglion causes QT abbreviation. These procedures applied to the right stellate ganglion have opposite effects. Left stellate ganglion block or ablation has been used in the treatment of the long QT syndrome. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=5295857" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#17" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Till, J. A., Shinebourne, E. A., Pepper, J., Camm, A. J., Ward, D. E. <strong>Complete denervation of the heart in a child with congenital long QT and deafness.</strong> Am. J. Cardiol. 62: 1319-1321, 1988.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3195493/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">3195493</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(88)90289-5" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="3195493">Till et al. (1988)</a> performed cardiac autotransplantation on an affected 5-year-old son of first-cousin parents. The intention was to achieve complete denervation of the heart. The boy had recurrent loss of consciousness requiring cardiorespiratory resuscitation. The attacks were due to polymorphous ventricular tachycardia (torsade de pointes). Autotransplantation did not relieve the problem, and while awaiting allotransplantation, the patient developed repeated attacks and progressively worsening myocardial failure. <a href="#17" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Till, J. A., Shinebourne, E. A., Pepper, J., Camm, A. J., Ward, D. E. <strong>Complete denervation of the heart in a child with congenital long QT and deafness.</strong> Am. J. Cardiol. 62: 1319-1321, 1988.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3195493/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">3195493</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(88)90289-5" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="3195493">Till et al. (1988)</a> interpreted the findings as indicating that the fundamental problem lies in myocardial cells and not in the sympathetic nervous system, although the occurrence of attacks in response to exercise or excitement suggested a triggering role for the nervous system. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=3195493" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="clinicalManagement" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimClinicalManagementFold" id="mimClinicalManagementToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimClinicalManagementToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Clinical Management</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimClinicalManagementFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>The automatic implantable defibrillator (<a href="#13" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Mirowski, M., Reid, P. R., Mower, M. N., Watkins, L., Gott, V. L., Schauble, J. F., Langer, A., Heilman, M. S., Kolenik, S. A., Fischell, R. E., Weisfeldt, M. L. <strong>Termination of malignant ventricular arrhythmias with an implanted automatic defibrillator in human beings.</strong> New Eng. J. Med. 303: 322-324, 1980.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6991948/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">6991948</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198008073030607" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="6991948">Mirowski et al., 1980</a>) is useful in patients with frequent ventricular arrhythmia from the long QT syndrome. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=6991948" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="populationGenetics" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimPopulationGeneticsFold" id="mimPopulationGeneticsToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimPopulationGeneticsToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Population Genetics</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimPopulationGeneticsFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p><a href="#3" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P., James, T. N. <strong>Congenital deafness associated with electrocardiographic abnormalities, fainting attacks and sudden death.</strong> Quart. J. Med. 33: 361-385, 1964.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14176667/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">14176667</a>]" pmid="14176667">Fraser et al. (1964)</a> estimated that the prevalence of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome in children aged 4 to 15 years in England, Wales, and Ireland is between 1.6 and 6 per million. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=14176667" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="mapping" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimMappingFold" id="mimMappingToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimMappingToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Mapping</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimMappingFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p><a href="#8" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Jeffery, S., Jamieson, R., Patton, M. A., Till, J. <strong>Long QT and Harvey-ras. (Letter)</strong> Lancet 339: 255 only, 1992.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1346223/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">1346223</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90071-a" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="1346223">Jeffery et al. (1992)</a> found no linkage of the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome to the HRAS oncogene (<a href="/entry/190020">190020</a>) on chromosome 11p. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=1346223" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>After excluding linkage of the JLNS phenotype to the genes responsible for LQT2 (<a href="/entry/152427">152427</a>), LQT3 (<a href="/entry/603830">603830</a>), and LQT4 (<a href="/entry/600919">600919</a>), <a href="#14" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Neyroud, N., Tesson, F., Denjoy, I., Leibovici, M., Donger, C., Barhanin, J., Faure, S., Gary, F., Coumel, P., Petit, C., Schwartz, K., Guicheney, P. <strong>A novel mutation in the potassium channel gene KVLQT1 causes the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen cardioauditory syndrome.</strong> Nature Genet. 15: 186-189, 1997.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9020846/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9020846</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0297-186" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9020846">Neyroud et al. (1997)</a> studied possible linkage to the LQT1 locus on 11p15.5 and demonstrated linkage to a marker in that region, D11S1318 (lod = 5.24 at theta = 0.0). Homozygosity mapping was used in 4 families in which the parents in each case were first cousins. Recombinants allowed them to map the gene between D11S922 and D11S4146, to a 6-cM interval where KVLQT1 (KCNQ1), the potassium channel gene implicated in LQT1, had previously been localized. LQT1 is inherited as an autosomal dominant and is not associated with hearing loss. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9020846" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="inheritance" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimInheritanceFold" id="mimInheritanceToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimInheritanceToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Inheritance</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimInheritanceFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>The transmission pattern of JLNS1 in the families reported by <a href="#14" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Neyroud, N., Tesson, F., Denjoy, I., Leibovici, M., Donger, C., Barhanin, J., Faure, S., Gary, F., Coumel, P., Petit, C., Schwartz, K., Guicheney, P. <strong>A novel mutation in the potassium channel gene KVLQT1 causes the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen cardioauditory syndrome.</strong> Nature Genet. 15: 186-189, 1997.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9020846/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9020846</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0297-186" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9020846">Neyroud et al. (1997)</a> was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9020846" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="molecularGenetics" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimMolecularGeneticsFold" id="mimMolecularGeneticsToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimMolecularGeneticsToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimMolecularGeneticsFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>In 3 affected children of 2 families with JLNS, <a href="#14" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Neyroud, N., Tesson, F., Denjoy, I., Leibovici, M., Donger, C., Barhanin, J., Faure, S., Gary, F., Coumel, P., Petit, C., Schwartz, K., Guicheney, P. <strong>A novel mutation in the potassium channel gene KVLQT1 causes the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen cardioauditory syndrome.</strong> Nature Genet. 15: 186-189, 1997.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9020846/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9020846</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0297-186" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9020846">Neyroud et al. (1997)</a> detected homozygosity for a deletion-insertion event (1244, -7 +8) in the C-terminal domain of the KCNQ1 gene (<a href="/entry/607542#0013">607542.0013</a>). By in situ hybridization, they found that KCNQ1 is expressed in the stria vascularis of mouse inner ear. Taken together, the data indicated to them that KCNQ1 is responsible for both recessive JLNS and dominant LQT1 and has a key role not only in ventricular repolarization but also in normal hearing, via control of endolymph homeostasis. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9020846" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#16" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Splawski, I., Timothy, K. W., Vincent, G. M., Atkinson, D. L., Keating, M. T. <strong>Molecular basis of the long-QT syndrome associated with deafness.</strong> New Eng. J. Med. 336: 1562-1567, 1997.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9164812/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9164812</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199705293362204" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9164812">Splawski et al. (1997)</a> hypothesized that JLNS may result from mutations affecting both alleles of the gene that in the heterozygous state causes LQT1. They indeed discovered that a patient with JLNS was homozygous for a frameshift mutation in the KCNQ1 gene (<a href="/entry/607542#0014">607542.0014</a>) and that other family members had prolongation of the QT interval with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance but had normal hearing and were heterozygotes. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9164812" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#2" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Chen, Q., Zhang, D., Gingell, R. L., Moss, A. J., Napolitano, C., Priori, S. G., Schwartz, P. J., Kehoe, E., Robinson, J. L., Schulze-Bahr, E., Wang, Q., Towbin, J. A. <strong>Homozygous deletion in KVLQT1 associated with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome.</strong> Circulation 99: 1344-1347, 1999.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10077519/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">10077519</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.99.10.1344" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="10077519">Chen et al. (1999)</a> reported a small Amish family consisting of 2 deaf sibs and their hearing parents. Both children had prolonged QTc intervals (0.52s and 0.66s), while their parents had borderline QTc intervals of 0.43s and 0.44s. These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. Both children were homozygous for a 2-bp deletion in the KCNQ1 gene (<a href="/entry/607542#0022">607542.0022</a>). <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10077519" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#19" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Tyson, J., Tranebjaerg, L., McEntagart, M., Larsen, L. A., Christiansen, M., Whiteford, M. L., Bathen, J., Aslaksen, B., Sorland, S. J., Lund, O., Pembrey, M. E., Malcolm, S., Bitner-Glindzicz, M. <strong>Mutational spectrum in the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen.</strong> Hum. Genet. 107: 499-503, 2000. Note: Erratum: Hum. Genet. 108: 75 only, 2001.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11140949/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11140949</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s004390000402" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="11140949">Tyson et al. (2000)</a> studied 10 JLNS families from Great Britain and Norway and identified 9 different mutations in the KCNQ1 gene, 2 of which were novel. Truncation of the protein proximal to the C-terminal assembly domain was expected to preclude assembly of KCNQ1 monomers into tetramers, explaining the recessive inheritance of JLNS. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=11140949" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p><a href="#15" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Schmitt, N., Schwarz, M., Peretz, A., Abitbol, I., Attali, B., Pongs, O. <strong>A recessive C-terminal Jervell and Lange-Nielsen mutation of the KCNQ1 channel impairs subunit assembly.</strong> EMBO J. 19: 332-340, 2000.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10654932/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">10654932</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=10654932[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/19.3.332" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="10654932">Schmitt et al. (2000)</a> identified a small domain between residues 589 and 620 in the KCNQ1 C terminus that may function as an assembly domain for KCNQ1 subunits. KCNQ1 C termini do not assemble and KCNQ1 subunits do not express functional potassium channels without this domain. The authors showed that the deletion-insertion mutation at KCNQ1 residue 540 (described by <a href="#14" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Neyroud, N., Tesson, F., Denjoy, I., Leibovici, M., Donger, C., Barhanin, J., Faure, S., Gary, F., Coumel, P., Petit, C., Schwartz, K., Guicheney, P. <strong>A novel mutation in the potassium channel gene KVLQT1 causes the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen cardioauditory syndrome.</strong> Nature Genet. 15: 186-189, 1997.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9020846/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9020846</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0297-186" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="9020846">Neyroud et al. (1997)</a>) eliminated important parts of the C-terminal assembly domain. Therefore, JLN mutants may be defective in KCNQ1 subunit assembly. The results provided a molecular basis for the clinical observation that heterozygous JLN carriers show slight cardiac dysfunction and that the severe JLNS phenotype is characterized by the absence of the KCNQ1 channel. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=9020846+10654932" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p><p>In a study of 252 probands with long QT syndrome, <a href="#20" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Westenskow, P., Splawski, I., Timothy, K. W., Keating, M. T., Sanguinetti, M. C. <strong>Compound mutations: a common cause of severe long-QT syndrome.</strong> Circulation 109: 1834-1841, 2004.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15051636/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">15051636</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000125524.34234.13" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="15051636">Westenskow et al. (2004)</a> identified 4 individuals with compound heterozygous and 2 with homozygous mutations in KCNQ1, none of whom were deaf. Voltage clamp studies in Xenopus oocytes demonstrated that coexpression of 2 mutant subunits caused a significant but incomplete reduction in I(Ks). <a href="#20" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Westenskow, P., Splawski, I., Timothy, K. W., Keating, M. T., Sanguinetti, M. C. <strong>Compound mutations: a common cause of severe long-QT syndrome.</strong> Circulation 109: 1834-1841, 2004.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15051636/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">15051636</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000125524.34234.13" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="15051636">Westenskow et al. (2004)</a> concluded that these carriers of biallelic mutations in the KCNQ1 gene had a severe cardiac phenotype but were not deaf because the I(Ks) channel retained some function. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=15051636" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="history" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimHistoryFold" id="mimHistoryToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span id="mimHistoryToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>History</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimHistoryFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p><a href="#4" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P., Murphy, T. <strong>Genetical aspects of the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (congenital deafness and electrocardiographic abnormalities).</strong> Ann. Hum. Genet. 28: 133-157, 1964.[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14228001/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">14228001</a>] [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.1964.tb00469.x" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'destination': 'Publisher'})">Full Text</a>]" pmid="14228001">Fraser et al. (1964)</a> pointed out an apparent case of this syndrome described by <a href="#12" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Meissner, F. L. <strong>Taubstummheit und Taubstummenbildung.</strong> Leipzig und Heidelberg: C.F. Winter'sche Verslagehandlung 1856."None>Meissner (1856)</a> in a textbook on 'deaf-mutism.' A young girl was called before the director of her school for a minor offense and fell instantly dead. The parents were not surprised, having lost 2 other 'deaf-mute' children under similar circumstances of fright and rage. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=14228001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign mim-tip-hint" title="Click this 'reference-plus' icon to see articles related to this paragraph in PubMed."></span></a></p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="seeAlso" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimSeeAlsoFold" id="mimSeeAlsoToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<span id="mimSeeAlsoToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<strong>See Also:</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<div id="mimSeeAlsoFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<a href="#Andersson1979" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Andersson, P., Lundkvist, L. <strong>The Q-T syndrome--a family description.</strong> Acta Med. Scand. 206: 73-76, 1979.">Andersson and Lundkvist (1979)</a>; <a href="#Fraser1960" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P. <strong>The syndrome of congenital deafness with abnormal electrocardiogram.</strong> Heredity 15: 454 only, 1960.">Fraser and Froggatt (1960)</a>; <a href="#Furlanello1972" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Furlanello, F., Macca, F., Dal Palu, C. <strong>Observation on a case of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome in an adult.</strong> Brit. Heart J. 34: 648 only, 1972.">Furlanello et al. (1972)</a>; <a href="#Jervell1985" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Jervell, A. <strong>The surdo-cardiac syndrome.</strong> Europ. Heart J. 6 (suppl. D): 97-102, 1985.">Jervell (1985)</a>; <a href="#Tyson1997" class="mim-tip-reference" title="Tyson, J., Tranebjaerg, L., Bellman, S., Wren, C., Taylor, J., Bathen, J., Aslaksen, B., Sorland, S. J., Lund, O., Malcolm, S., Pembrey, M., Bhattacharya, S., Bitner-Glindzicz, M. <strong>IsK and KvLQT1: mutation in either of the two components of the delayed rectifier potassium channel can cause the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (Abstract)</strong> Am. J. Hum. Genet. 61: A349 only, 1997.">Tyson et al. (1997)</a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="references"class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<h4 href="#mimReferencesFold" id="mimReferencesToggle" class="mimTriangleToggle" style="cursor: pointer;" data-toggle="collapse">
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<span id="mimReferencesToggleTriangle" class="small mimTextToggleTriangle">▼</span>
|
|
<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<p />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimReferencesFold" class="collapse in mimTextToggleFold">
|
|
<ol>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="1" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Andersson1979" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Andersson, P., Lundkvist, L.
|
|
<strong>The Q-T syndrome--a family description.</strong>
|
|
Acta Med. Scand. 206: 73-76, 1979.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/484260/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">484260</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=484260" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1979.tb13472.x" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="2" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Chen1999" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Chen, Q., Zhang, D., Gingell, R. L., Moss, A. J., Napolitano, C., Priori, S. G., Schwartz, P. J., Kehoe, E., Robinson, J. L., Schulze-Bahr, E., Wang, Q., Towbin, J. A.
|
|
<strong>Homozygous deletion in KVLQT1 associated with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome.</strong>
|
|
Circulation 99: 1344-1347, 1999.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10077519/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">10077519</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10077519" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.99.10.1344" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="3" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Fraser1964" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P., James, T. N.
|
|
<strong>Congenital deafness associated with electrocardiographic abnormalities, fainting attacks and sudden death.</strong>
|
|
Quart. J. Med. 33: 361-385, 1964.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14176667/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">14176667</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=14176667" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="4" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Fraser1964" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P., Murphy, T.
|
|
<strong>Genetical aspects of the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (congenital deafness and electrocardiographic abnormalities).</strong>
|
|
Ann. Hum. Genet. 28: 133-157, 1964.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14228001/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">14228001</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=14228001" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.1964.tb00469.x" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="5" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Fraser1960" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P.
|
|
<strong>The syndrome of congenital deafness with abnormal electrocardiogram.</strong>
|
|
Heredity 15: 454 only, 1960.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="6" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Friedmann1966" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Friedmann, I., Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P.
|
|
<strong>Pathology of the ear in the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (recessive deafness with electrocardiographic abnormalities).</strong>
|
|
J. Laryng. 80: 451-470, 1966.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5295857/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">5295857</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=5295857" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/s002221510006552x" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="7" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Furlanello1972" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Furlanello, F., Macca, F., Dal Palu, C.
|
|
<strong>Observation on a case of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome in an adult.</strong>
|
|
Brit. Heart J. 34: 648 only, 1972.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5040262/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">5040262</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=5040262" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.34.6.648" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="8" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Jeffery1992" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Jeffery, S., Jamieson, R., Patton, M. A., Till, J.
|
|
<strong>Long QT and Harvey-ras. (Letter)</strong>
|
|
Lancet 339: 255 only, 1992.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1346223/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">1346223</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=1346223" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90071-a" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="9" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Jervell1957" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Jervell, A., Lange-Nielsen, F.
|
|
<strong>Congenital deaf-mutism, functional heart disease with prolongation of Q-T interval and sudden death.</strong>
|
|
Am. Heart J. 54: 59-68, 1957.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13435203/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">13435203</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=13435203" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-8703(57)90079-0" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="10" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Jervell1985" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Jervell, A.
|
|
<strong>The surdo-cardiac syndrome.</strong>
|
|
Europ. Heart J. 6 (suppl. D): 97-102, 1985.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2417856/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">2417856</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=2417856" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/6.suppl_d.97" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="11" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Levine1958" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Levine, S. A., Woodworth, C. R.
|
|
<strong>Congenital deaf-mutism, prolonged Q-T interval, syncopal attacks and sudden death.</strong>
|
|
New Eng. J. Med. 259: 412-417, 1958.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13578073/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">13578073</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=13578073" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM195808282590902" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="12" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Meissner1856" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Meissner, F. L.
|
|
<strong>Taubstummheit und Taubstummenbildung.</strong>
|
|
Leipzig und Heidelberg: C.F. Winter'sche Verslagehandlung 1856.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="13" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Mirowski1980" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Mirowski, M., Reid, P. R., Mower, M. N., Watkins, L., Gott, V. L., Schauble, J. F., Langer, A., Heilman, M. S., Kolenik, S. A., Fischell, R. E., Weisfeldt, M. L.
|
|
<strong>Termination of malignant ventricular arrhythmias with an implanted automatic defibrillator in human beings.</strong>
|
|
New Eng. J. Med. 303: 322-324, 1980.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6991948/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">6991948</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=6991948" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198008073030607" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="14" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Neyroud1997" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Neyroud, N., Tesson, F., Denjoy, I., Leibovici, M., Donger, C., Barhanin, J., Faure, S., Gary, F., Coumel, P., Petit, C., Schwartz, K., Guicheney, P.
|
|
<strong>A novel mutation in the potassium channel gene KVLQT1 causes the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen cardioauditory syndrome.</strong>
|
|
Nature Genet. 15: 186-189, 1997.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9020846/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9020846</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9020846" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0297-186" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="15" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Schmitt2000" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Schmitt, N., Schwarz, M., Peretz, A., Abitbol, I., Attali, B., Pongs, O.
|
|
<strong>A recessive C-terminal Jervell and Lange-Nielsen mutation of the KCNQ1 channel impairs subunit assembly.</strong>
|
|
EMBO J. 19: 332-340, 2000.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10654932/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">10654932</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=10654932[PMID]&report=imagesdocsum" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Image', 'domain': 'ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">images</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10654932" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/19.3.332" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="16" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Splawski1997" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Splawski, I., Timothy, K. W., Vincent, G. M., Atkinson, D. L., Keating, M. T.
|
|
<strong>Molecular basis of the long-QT syndrome associated with deafness.</strong>
|
|
New Eng. J. Med. 336: 1562-1567, 1997.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9164812/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">9164812</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=9164812" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199705293362204" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="17" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Till1988" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Till, J. A., Shinebourne, E. A., Pepper, J., Camm, A. J., Ward, D. E.
|
|
<strong>Complete denervation of the heart in a child with congenital long QT and deafness.</strong>
|
|
Am. J. Cardiol. 62: 1319-1321, 1988.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3195493/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">3195493</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=3195493" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(88)90289-5" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="18" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Tyson1997" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Tyson, J., Tranebjaerg, L., Bellman, S., Wren, C., Taylor, J., Bathen, J., Aslaksen, B., Sorland, S. J., Lund, O., Malcolm, S., Pembrey, M., Bhattacharya, S., Bitner-Glindzicz, M.
|
|
<strong>IsK and KvLQT1: mutation in either of the two components of the delayed rectifier potassium channel can cause the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (Abstract)</strong>
|
|
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 61: A349 only, 1997.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="19" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Tyson2000" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Tyson, J., Tranebjaerg, L., McEntagart, M., Larsen, L. A., Christiansen, M., Whiteford, M. L., Bathen, J., Aslaksen, B., Sorland, S. J., Lund, O., Pembrey, M. E., Malcolm, S., Bitner-Glindzicz, M.
|
|
<strong>Mutational spectrum in the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen.</strong>
|
|
Hum. Genet. 107: 499-503, 2000. Note: Erratum: Hum. Genet. 108: 75 only, 2001.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11140949/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">11140949</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=11140949" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s004390000402" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a id="20" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<a id="Westenskow2004" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="">
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Westenskow, P., Splawski, I., Timothy, K. W., Keating, M. T., Sanguinetti, M. C.
|
|
<strong>Compound mutations: a common cause of severe long-QT syndrome.</strong>
|
|
Circulation 109: 1834-1841, 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15051636/" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">15051636</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=15051636" target="_blank" onclick="gtag('event', 'mim_outbound', {'name': 'PubMed Related', 'domain': 'pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov'})">related citations</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000125524.34234.13" target="_blank">Full Text</a>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ol>
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="contributors" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-4 col-xs-4">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<a href="#mimCollapseContributors" role="button" data-toggle="collapse"> Contributors: </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Marla J. F. O'Neill - updated : 11/9/2006
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row collapse" id="mimCollapseContributors">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-offset-2 col-md-offset-4 col-sm-offset-4 col-xs-offset-2 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Paul Brennan - updated : 5/3/2000<br>Paul Brennan - updated : 4/1/1998<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 10/22/1997<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 10/7/1997<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 6/20/1997<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 2/3/1997
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="creationDate" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-4 col-xs-4">
|
|
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
|
|
Creation Date:
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Victor A. McKusick : 6/3/1986
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<a id="editHistory" class="mim-anchor"></a>
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-4 col-xs-4">
|
|
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
|
|
<a href="#mimCollapseEditHistory" role="button" data-toggle="collapse"> Edit History: </a>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
carol : 09/11/2024
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row collapse" id="mimCollapseEditHistory">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-offset-2 col-md-offset-2 col-sm-offset-4 col-xs-offset-4 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
alopez : 07/13/2023<br>carol : 05/24/2019<br>carol : 01/28/2019<br>carol : 02/08/2017<br>carol : 10/14/2016<br>alopez : 09/12/2016<br>carol : 04/03/2013<br>carol : 1/14/2011<br>carol : 11/1/2010<br>alopez : 10/13/2008<br>carol : 10/9/2008<br>carol : 8/11/2008<br>carol : 7/29/2008<br>carol : 3/5/2007<br>carol : 11/9/2006<br>carol : 10/12/2004<br>terry : 2/10/2003<br>ckniffin : 2/5/2003<br>joanna : 1/19/2001<br>mcapotos : 1/4/2001<br>mcapotos : 5/4/2000<br>alopez : 5/3/2000<br>carol : 5/2/2000<br>carol : 5/25/1999<br>carol : 4/1/1998<br>dholmes : 11/6/1997<br>terry : 10/28/1997<br>terry : 10/24/1997<br>terry : 10/22/1997<br>mark : 10/16/1997<br>mark : 10/14/1997<br>terry : 10/7/1997<br>jenny : 6/20/1997<br>jamie : 2/4/1997<br>mark : 2/3/1997<br>mark : 2/3/1997<br>terry : 1/31/1997<br>davew : 6/1/1994<br>mimadm : 2/19/1994<br>supermim : 3/16/1992<br>carol : 2/19/1992<br>supermim : 3/20/1990<br>ddp : 10/26/1989
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="container visible-print-block">
|
|
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-1">
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h3>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>#</strong> 220400
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h3>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h3>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
|
|
JERVELL AND LANGE-NIELSEN SYNDROME 1; JLNS1
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h3>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div >
|
|
<p>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<em>Alternative titles; symbols</em>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
JLNS<br />
|
|
DEAFNESS, CONGENITAL, AND FUNCTIONAL HEART DISEASE<br />
|
|
PROLONGED QT INTERVAL IN EKG AND SUDDEN DEATH<br />
|
|
CARDIOAUDITORY SYNDROME OF JERVELL AND LANGE-NIELSEN<br />
|
|
SURDO-CARDIAC SYNDROME
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
|
|
<strong>SNOMEDCT:</strong> 373905003;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<strong>ORPHA:</strong> 768, 90647;
|
|
|
|
|
|
<strong>DO:</strong> 2842;
|
|
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Phenotype-Gene Relationships</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed small mim-table-padding">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr class="active">
|
|
<th>
|
|
Location
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Phenotype
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Phenotype <br /> MIM number
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Inheritance
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Phenotype <br /> mapping key
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Gene/Locus
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th>
|
|
Gene/Locus <br /> MIM number
|
|
</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
11p15.5-p15.4
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
220400
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
Autosomal recessive
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
3
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
KCNQ1
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
607542
|
|
</span>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>TEXT</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome-1 (JLNS1) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the KCNQ1 gene (607542) on chromosome 11p15.</p><p>Long QT syndrome-1 (LQT1; 192500), also known as Ward-Romano syndrome, is caused by heterozygous mutation in the KCNQ1 gene.</p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Description</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital deafness, prolongation of the QT interval, syncopal attacks due to ventricular arrhythmias, and a high risk of sudden death (Jervell and Lange-Nielsen, 1957). </p><p><strong><em>Genetic Heterogeneity of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome</em></strong></p><p>
|
|
Also see JLNS2 (612347), caused by mutation in the KCNE1 gene (176261) on chromosome 21q22.</p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Clinical Features</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (1957) reported a family in which 4 of 6 children, born to unrelated parents, had congenital deafness and prolonged QT interval and died suddenly in childhood. Levine and Woodworth (1958) reported a boy with the same features who died at age 13; no mention was made of parental consanguinity. </p><p>Fraser et al. (1964) suggested that heterozygous family members of persons with JLNS may show slight or moderate prolongation of the QT interval. </p><p>In studies of the temporal bones of 2 children who died with this condition, Friedmann et al. (1966) found a striking anomaly in the form of PAS-positive hyaline nodules throughout both the cochlear and the vestibular portions of the membranous labyrinth in, or adjacent to, the terminal vessels of the vascular stria. Intracardiac electrophysiologic studies can be done to ascertain more precisely the risk of ventricular fibrillation. In this as in other hereditary forms of the long QT syndrome, as well as in acquired forms of prolonged QT, torsade de pointes (meaning 'turning of the points,' an allusion to the alternating positive and negative major QRS complex) is the usual arrhythmia observed. Secondary torsade de pointes is produced by various drugs and by intracranial disease such as subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stimulation of the left stellate ganglion causes QT abbreviation. These procedures applied to the right stellate ganglion have opposite effects. Left stellate ganglion block or ablation has been used in the treatment of the long QT syndrome. </p><p>Till et al. (1988) performed cardiac autotransplantation on an affected 5-year-old son of first-cousin parents. The intention was to achieve complete denervation of the heart. The boy had recurrent loss of consciousness requiring cardiorespiratory resuscitation. The attacks were due to polymorphous ventricular tachycardia (torsade de pointes). Autotransplantation did not relieve the problem, and while awaiting allotransplantation, the patient developed repeated attacks and progressively worsening myocardial failure. Till et al. (1988) interpreted the findings as indicating that the fundamental problem lies in myocardial cells and not in the sympathetic nervous system, although the occurrence of attacks in response to exercise or excitement suggested a triggering role for the nervous system. </p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Clinical Management</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>The automatic implantable defibrillator (Mirowski et al., 1980) is useful in patients with frequent ventricular arrhythmia from the long QT syndrome. </p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Population Genetics</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>Fraser et al. (1964) estimated that the prevalence of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome in children aged 4 to 15 years in England, Wales, and Ireland is between 1.6 and 6 per million. </p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Mapping</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>Jeffery et al. (1992) found no linkage of the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome to the HRAS oncogene (190020) on chromosome 11p. </p><p>After excluding linkage of the JLNS phenotype to the genes responsible for LQT2 (152427), LQT3 (603830), and LQT4 (600919), Neyroud et al. (1997) studied possible linkage to the LQT1 locus on 11p15.5 and demonstrated linkage to a marker in that region, D11S1318 (lod = 5.24 at theta = 0.0). Homozygosity mapping was used in 4 families in which the parents in each case were first cousins. Recombinants allowed them to map the gene between D11S922 and D11S4146, to a 6-cM interval where KVLQT1 (KCNQ1), the potassium channel gene implicated in LQT1, had previously been localized. LQT1 is inherited as an autosomal dominant and is not associated with hearing loss. </p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Inheritance</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>The transmission pattern of JLNS1 in the families reported by Neyroud et al. (1997) was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. </p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>Molecular Genetics</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>In 3 affected children of 2 families with JLNS, Neyroud et al. (1997) detected homozygosity for a deletion-insertion event (1244, -7 +8) in the C-terminal domain of the KCNQ1 gene (607542.0013). By in situ hybridization, they found that KCNQ1 is expressed in the stria vascularis of mouse inner ear. Taken together, the data indicated to them that KCNQ1 is responsible for both recessive JLNS and dominant LQT1 and has a key role not only in ventricular repolarization but also in normal hearing, via control of endolymph homeostasis. </p><p>Splawski et al. (1997) hypothesized that JLNS may result from mutations affecting both alleles of the gene that in the heterozygous state causes LQT1. They indeed discovered that a patient with JLNS was homozygous for a frameshift mutation in the KCNQ1 gene (607542.0014) and that other family members had prolongation of the QT interval with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance but had normal hearing and were heterozygotes. </p><p>Chen et al. (1999) reported a small Amish family consisting of 2 deaf sibs and their hearing parents. Both children had prolonged QTc intervals (0.52s and 0.66s), while their parents had borderline QTc intervals of 0.43s and 0.44s. These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. Both children were homozygous for a 2-bp deletion in the KCNQ1 gene (607542.0022). </p><p>Tyson et al. (2000) studied 10 JLNS families from Great Britain and Norway and identified 9 different mutations in the KCNQ1 gene, 2 of which were novel. Truncation of the protein proximal to the C-terminal assembly domain was expected to preclude assembly of KCNQ1 monomers into tetramers, explaining the recessive inheritance of JLNS. </p><p>Schmitt et al. (2000) identified a small domain between residues 589 and 620 in the KCNQ1 C terminus that may function as an assembly domain for KCNQ1 subunits. KCNQ1 C termini do not assemble and KCNQ1 subunits do not express functional potassium channels without this domain. The authors showed that the deletion-insertion mutation at KCNQ1 residue 540 (described by Neyroud et al. (1997)) eliminated important parts of the C-terminal assembly domain. Therefore, JLN mutants may be defective in KCNQ1 subunit assembly. The results provided a molecular basis for the clinical observation that heterozygous JLN carriers show slight cardiac dysfunction and that the severe JLNS phenotype is characterized by the absence of the KCNQ1 channel. </p><p>In a study of 252 probands with long QT syndrome, Westenskow et al. (2004) identified 4 individuals with compound heterozygous and 2 with homozygous mutations in KCNQ1, none of whom were deaf. Voltage clamp studies in Xenopus oocytes demonstrated that coexpression of 2 mutant subunits caused a significant but incomplete reduction in I(Ks). Westenskow et al. (2004) concluded that these carriers of biallelic mutations in the KCNQ1 gene had a severe cardiac phenotype but were not deaf because the I(Ks) channel retained some function. </p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>History</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
<p>Fraser et al. (1964) pointed out an apparent case of this syndrome described by Meissner (1856) in a textbook on 'deaf-mutism.' A young girl was called before the director of her school for a minor offense and fell instantly dead. The parents were not surprised, having lost 2 other 'deaf-mute' children under similar circumstances of fright and rage. </p>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>See Also:</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Andersson and Lundkvist (1979); Fraser and Froggatt (1960);
|
|
Furlanello et al. (1972); Jervell (1985); Tyson et al. (1997)
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h4>
|
|
<span class="mim-font">
|
|
<strong>REFERENCES</strong>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<p />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<ol>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Andersson, P., Lundkvist, L.
|
|
<strong>The Q-T syndrome--a family description.</strong>
|
|
Acta Med. Scand. 206: 73-76, 1979.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 484260]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1979.tb13472.x]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Chen, Q., Zhang, D., Gingell, R. L., Moss, A. J., Napolitano, C., Priori, S. G., Schwartz, P. J., Kehoe, E., Robinson, J. L., Schulze-Bahr, E., Wang, Q., Towbin, J. A.
|
|
<strong>Homozygous deletion in KVLQT1 associated with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome.</strong>
|
|
Circulation 99: 1344-1347, 1999.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 10077519]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.99.10.1344]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P., James, T. N.
|
|
<strong>Congenital deafness associated with electrocardiographic abnormalities, fainting attacks and sudden death.</strong>
|
|
Quart. J. Med. 33: 361-385, 1964.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 14176667]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P., Murphy, T.
|
|
<strong>Genetical aspects of the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (congenital deafness and electrocardiographic abnormalities).</strong>
|
|
Ann. Hum. Genet. 28: 133-157, 1964.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 14228001]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.1964.tb00469.x]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P.
|
|
<strong>The syndrome of congenital deafness with abnormal electrocardiogram.</strong>
|
|
Heredity 15: 454 only, 1960.
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Friedmann, I., Fraser, G. R., Froggatt, P.
|
|
<strong>Pathology of the ear in the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (recessive deafness with electrocardiographic abnormalities).</strong>
|
|
J. Laryng. 80: 451-470, 1966.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 5295857]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1017/s002221510006552x]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Furlanello, F., Macca, F., Dal Palu, C.
|
|
<strong>Observation on a case of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome in an adult.</strong>
|
|
Brit. Heart J. 34: 648 only, 1972.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 5040262]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.34.6.648]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Jeffery, S., Jamieson, R., Patton, M. A., Till, J.
|
|
<strong>Long QT and Harvey-ras. (Letter)</strong>
|
|
Lancet 339: 255 only, 1992.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 1346223]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90071-a]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Jervell, A., Lange-Nielsen, F.
|
|
<strong>Congenital deaf-mutism, functional heart disease with prolongation of Q-T interval and sudden death.</strong>
|
|
Am. Heart J. 54: 59-68, 1957.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 13435203]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-8703(57)90079-0]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Jervell, A.
|
|
<strong>The surdo-cardiac syndrome.</strong>
|
|
Europ. Heart J. 6 (suppl. D): 97-102, 1985.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 2417856]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/6.suppl_d.97]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Levine, S. A., Woodworth, C. R.
|
|
<strong>Congenital deaf-mutism, prolonged Q-T interval, syncopal attacks and sudden death.</strong>
|
|
New Eng. J. Med. 259: 412-417, 1958.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 13578073]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM195808282590902]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Meissner, F. L.
|
|
<strong>Taubstummheit und Taubstummenbildung.</strong>
|
|
Leipzig und Heidelberg: C.F. Winter'sche Verslagehandlung 1856.
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Mirowski, M., Reid, P. R., Mower, M. N., Watkins, L., Gott, V. L., Schauble, J. F., Langer, A., Heilman, M. S., Kolenik, S. A., Fischell, R. E., Weisfeldt, M. L.
|
|
<strong>Termination of malignant ventricular arrhythmias with an implanted automatic defibrillator in human beings.</strong>
|
|
New Eng. J. Med. 303: 322-324, 1980.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 6991948]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198008073030607]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Neyroud, N., Tesson, F., Denjoy, I., Leibovici, M., Donger, C., Barhanin, J., Faure, S., Gary, F., Coumel, P., Petit, C., Schwartz, K., Guicheney, P.
|
|
<strong>A novel mutation in the potassium channel gene KVLQT1 causes the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen cardioauditory syndrome.</strong>
|
|
Nature Genet. 15: 186-189, 1997.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 9020846]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0297-186]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Schmitt, N., Schwarz, M., Peretz, A., Abitbol, I., Attali, B., Pongs, O.
|
|
<strong>A recessive C-terminal Jervell and Lange-Nielsen mutation of the KCNQ1 channel impairs subunit assembly.</strong>
|
|
EMBO J. 19: 332-340, 2000.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 10654932]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/19.3.332]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Splawski, I., Timothy, K. W., Vincent, G. M., Atkinson, D. L., Keating, M. T.
|
|
<strong>Molecular basis of the long-QT syndrome associated with deafness.</strong>
|
|
New Eng. J. Med. 336: 1562-1567, 1997.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 9164812]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199705293362204]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Till, J. A., Shinebourne, E. A., Pepper, J., Camm, A. J., Ward, D. E.
|
|
<strong>Complete denervation of the heart in a child with congenital long QT and deafness.</strong>
|
|
Am. J. Cardiol. 62: 1319-1321, 1988.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 3195493]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(88)90289-5]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Tyson, J., Tranebjaerg, L., Bellman, S., Wren, C., Taylor, J., Bathen, J., Aslaksen, B., Sorland, S. J., Lund, O., Malcolm, S., Pembrey, M., Bhattacharya, S., Bitner-Glindzicz, M.
|
|
<strong>IsK and KvLQT1: mutation in either of the two components of the delayed rectifier potassium channel can cause the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (Abstract)</strong>
|
|
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 61: A349 only, 1997.
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Tyson, J., Tranebjaerg, L., McEntagart, M., Larsen, L. A., Christiansen, M., Whiteford, M. L., Bathen, J., Aslaksen, B., Sorland, S. J., Lund, O., Pembrey, M. E., Malcolm, S., Bitner-Glindzicz, M.
|
|
<strong>Mutational spectrum in the cardioauditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen.</strong>
|
|
Hum. Genet. 107: 499-503, 2000. Note: Erratum: Hum. Genet. 108: 75 only, 2001.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 11140949]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004390000402]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Westenskow, P., Splawski, I., Timothy, K. W., Keating, M. T., Sanguinetti, M. C.
|
|
<strong>Compound mutations: a common cause of severe long-QT syndrome.</strong>
|
|
Circulation 109: 1834-1841, 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[PubMed: 15051636]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000125524.34234.13]
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ol>
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-2 col-xs-2">
|
|
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
|
|
Contributors:
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Marla J. F. O'Neill - updated : 11/9/2006<br>Paul Brennan - updated : 5/3/2000<br>Paul Brennan - updated : 4/1/1998<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 10/22/1997<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 10/7/1997<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 6/20/1997<br>Victor A. McKusick - updated : 2/3/1997
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-2 col-xs-2">
|
|
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
|
|
Creation Date:
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
Victor A. McKusick : 6/3/1986
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-1 col-md-1 col-sm-2 col-xs-2">
|
|
<span class="text-nowrap mim-text-font">
|
|
Edit History:
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-6">
|
|
<span class="mim-text-font">
|
|
carol : 09/11/2024<br>alopez : 07/13/2023<br>carol : 05/24/2019<br>carol : 01/28/2019<br>carol : 02/08/2017<br>carol : 10/14/2016<br>alopez : 09/12/2016<br>carol : 04/03/2013<br>carol : 1/14/2011<br>carol : 11/1/2010<br>alopez : 10/13/2008<br>carol : 10/9/2008<br>carol : 8/11/2008<br>carol : 7/29/2008<br>carol : 3/5/2007<br>carol : 11/9/2006<br>carol : 10/12/2004<br>terry : 2/10/2003<br>ckniffin : 2/5/2003<br>joanna : 1/19/2001<br>mcapotos : 1/4/2001<br>mcapotos : 5/4/2000<br>alopez : 5/3/2000<br>carol : 5/2/2000<br>carol : 5/25/1999<br>carol : 4/1/1998<br>dholmes : 11/6/1997<br>terry : 10/28/1997<br>terry : 10/24/1997<br>terry : 10/22/1997<br>mark : 10/16/1997<br>mark : 10/14/1997<br>terry : 10/7/1997<br>jenny : 6/20/1997<br>jamie : 2/4/1997<br>mark : 2/3/1997<br>mark : 2/3/1997<br>terry : 1/31/1997<br>davew : 6/1/1994<br>mimadm : 2/19/1994<br>supermim : 3/16/1992<br>carol : 2/19/1992<br>supermim : 3/20/1990<br>ddp : 10/26/1989
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div>
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="mimFooter">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="container ">
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<br />
|
|
<br />
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="hidden-print mim-footer">
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<p />
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row text-center small">
|
|
NOTE: OMIM is intended for use primarily by physicians and other professionals concerned with genetic disorders, by genetics researchers,
|
|
and by advanced students in science and medicine. While the OMIM database is open to the public, users seeking information about a personal
|
|
medical or genetic condition are urged to consult with a qualified physician for diagnosis and for answers to personal questions.
|
|
<br />
|
|
OMIM<sup>®</sup> and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man<sup>®</sup> are registered trademarks of the Johns Hopkins University.
|
|
<br />
|
|
Copyright<sup>®</sup> 1966-2025 Johns Hopkins University.
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="visible-print-block mim-footer" style="position: relative;">
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<p />
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row text-center small">
|
|
NOTE: OMIM is intended for use primarily by physicians and other professionals concerned with genetic disorders, by genetics researchers,
|
|
and by advanced students in science and medicine. While the OMIM database is open to the public, users seeking information about a personal
|
|
medical or genetic condition are urged to consult with a qualified physician for diagnosis and for answers to personal questions.
|
|
<br />
|
|
OMIM<sup>®</sup> and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man<sup>®</sup> are registered trademarks of the Johns Hopkins University.
|
|
<br />
|
|
Copyright<sup>®</sup> 1966-2025 Johns Hopkins University.
|
|
<br />
|
|
Printed: March 5, 2025
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="modal fade" id="mimDonationPopupModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mimDonationPopupModalTitle">
|
|
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
|
|
<div class="modal-content">
|
|
<div class="modal-header">
|
|
<button type="button" id="mimDonationPopupCancel" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button>
|
|
<h4 class="modal-title" id="mimDonationPopupModalTitle">
|
|
OMIM Donation:
|
|
</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="modal-body">
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-offset-1 col-md-offset-1 col-sm-offset-1 col-xs-offset-1 col-lg-10 col-md-10 col-sm-10 col-xs-10">
|
|
<p>
|
|
Dear OMIM User,
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-offset-1 col-md-offset-1 col-sm-offset-1 col-xs-offset-1 col-lg-10 col-md-10 col-sm-10 col-xs-10">
|
|
<p>
|
|
To ensure long-term funding for the OMIM project, we have diversified
|
|
our revenue stream. We are determined to keep this website freely
|
|
accessible. Unfortunately, it is not free to produce. Expert curators
|
|
review the literature and organize it to facilitate your work. Over 90%
|
|
of the OMIM's operating expenses go to salary support for MD and PhD
|
|
science writers and biocurators. Please join your colleagues by making a
|
|
donation now and again in the future. Donations are an important
|
|
component of our efforts to ensure long-term funding to provide you the
|
|
information that you need at your fingertips.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-offset-1 col-md-offset-1 col-sm-offset-1 col-xs-offset-1 col-lg-10 col-md-10 col-sm-10 col-xs-10">
|
|
<p>
|
|
Thank you in advance for your generous support, <br />
|
|
Ada Hamosh, MD, MPH <br />
|
|
Scientific Director, OMIM <br />
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="modal-footer">
|
|
<button type="button" id="mimDonationPopupDonate" class="btn btn-success btn-block" data-dismiss="modal"> Donate To OMIM! </button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
|
|
</html>
|
|
|
|
|