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<div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox68016368" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 68016368</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="1" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox68016368" value="68016368" /><span>1.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/68016368" ref="ordinalpos=1&amp;ncbi_uid=68016368&amp;link_uid=68016368"><b>Frameshift</b> Mutation</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">A type of mutation in which a number of NUCLEOTIDES deleted from or inserted into a protein coding sequence is not divisible by three, thereby causing an alteration in the READING FRAMES of the entire coding sequence downstream of the mutation. These mutations may be induced by certain types of MUTAGENS or may occur spontaneously.</p><p class="details">Year introduced: 1991<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox68016153" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 68016153</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="2" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox68016153" value="68016153" /><span>2.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/68016153" ref="ordinalpos=2&amp;ncbi_uid=68016153&amp;link_uid=68016153">Genes, Suppressor</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">Genes that have a suppressor allele or suppressor mutation (SUPPRESSION, GENETIC) which cancels the effect of a previous mutation, enabling the wild-type phenotype to be maintained or partially restored. For example, amber suppressors cancel the effect of an AMBER NONSENSE MUTATION.</p><p class="details">Year introduced: 1991<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox68018965" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 68018965</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="3" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox68018965" value="68018965" /><span>3.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/68018965" ref="ordinalpos=3&amp;ncbi_uid=68018965&amp;link_uid=68018965">Frameshifting, Ribosomal</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">A directed change in translational READING FRAMES that allows the production of a single protein from two or more OVERLAPPING GENES. The process is programmed by the nucleotide sequence of the MRNA and is sometimes also affected by the secondary or tertiary mRNA structure. It has been described mainly in VIRUSES (especially RETROVIRUSES); RETROTRANSPOSONS; and bacterial insertion elements but also in some cellular genes.</p><p class="details">Year introduced: 1996<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67433031" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67433031</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="4" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67433031" value="67433031" /><span>4.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67433031" ref="ordinalpos=4&amp;ncbi_uid=67433031&amp;link_uid=67433031">hepatitis C protein F, Hepatitis C virus [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">a 17-kDa protein produced by a ribosomal <b>frameshift</b> mechanism at the open reading frame that overlaps the core gene in the +1 frame; amino acid sequence in first source</p><p class="details">Date introduced: August 20, 2001<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox68054975" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 68054975</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="5" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox68054975" value="68054975" /><span>5.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/68054975" ref="ordinalpos=5&amp;ncbi_uid=68054975&amp;link_uid=68054975">Pallister-Hall Syndrome</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">A pleiotropic disorder of human development that comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other abnormalities. This disorder is associated with <b>FRAMESHIFT</b> MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.</p><p class="details">Year introduced: 2009<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox68054643" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 68054643</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="6" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox68054643" value="68054643" /><span>6.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/68054643" ref="ordinalpos=6&amp;ncbi_uid=68054643&amp;link_uid=68054643">INDEL Mutation</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">A mutation named with the blend of insertion and deletion. It refers to a length difference between two ALLELES where it is unknowable if the difference was originally caused by a SEQUENCE INSERTION or by a SEQUENCE DELETION. If the number of nucleotides in the insertion/deletion is not divisible by three, and it occurs in a protein coding region, it is also a <b>FRAMESHIFT</b> MUTATION.</p><p class="details">Year introduced: 2008<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67573926" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67573926</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="7" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67573926" value="67573926" /><span>7.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67573926" ref="ordinalpos=7&amp;ncbi_uid=67573926&amp;link_uid=67573926">PA-X protein, influenza A virus [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">a <b>frameshift</b> product consisting of PA protein's endonuclease domain and the C-terminal domain of a second open reading frame (X-ORF)</p><p class="details">Date introduced: July 29, 2012<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67553826" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67553826</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="8" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67553826" value="67553826" /><span>8.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67553826" ref="ordinalpos=8&amp;ncbi_uid=67553826&amp;link_uid=67553826">fibrinogen Matsumoto VII [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">has a <b>frameshift</b> mutation at codo 387 of gamma-chain</p><p class="details">Date introduced: November 30, 2010<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67506403" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67506403</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="9" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67506403" value="67506403" /><span>9.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67506403" ref="ordinalpos=9&amp;ncbi_uid=67506403&amp;link_uid=67506403">hemoglobin Sainte Seve [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">results from the <b>frameshift</b> mutation at codon 118 (-T)</p><p class="details">Date introduced: December 21, 2005<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67484450" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67484450</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="10" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67484450" value="67484450" /><span>10.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67484450" ref="ordinalpos=10&amp;ncbi_uid=67484450&amp;link_uid=67484450">Y2b protein, mouse [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">lacks receptor activity due to <b>frameshift</b> mutation</p><p class="details">Date introduced: August 6, 2004<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67477065" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67477065</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="11" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67477065" value="67477065" /><span>11.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67477065" ref="ordinalpos=11&amp;ncbi_uid=67477065&amp;link_uid=67477065">hemoglobin Trento [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">a <b>frameshift</b> mutation where nucleotide A is deleted from codon 144</p><p class="details">Date introduced: September 10, 2003<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67459442" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67459442</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="12" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67459442" value="67459442" /><span>12.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67459442" ref="ordinalpos=12&amp;ncbi_uid=67459442&amp;link_uid=67459442">fibrinogen San Giovanni Rotondo [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">alanine replaced with alanine <b>frameshift</b> stop at position 499 of alpha chain</p><p class="details">Date introduced: July 10, 2002<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67435487" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67435487</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="13" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67435487" value="67435487" /><span>13.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67435487" ref="ordinalpos=13&amp;ncbi_uid=67435487&amp;link_uid=67435487">UPF3A protein, human [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">RefSeq NM_023011</p><p class="details">Date introduced: September 25, 2001<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67403063" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67403063</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="14" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67403063" value="67403063" /><span>14.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67403063" ref="ordinalpos=14&amp;ncbi_uid=67403063&amp;link_uid=67403063">factor V Stanford [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">mutation caused by a 4 base insertion at NT 2856, results in a <b>frameshift</b> with loss of a thrombin activation site</p><p class="details">Date introduced: January 21, 2000<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67073971" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67073971</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="15" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67073971" value="67073971" /><span>15.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67073971" ref="ordinalpos=15&amp;ncbi_uid=67073971&amp;link_uid=67073971">PD 128483 [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">structure given in first source; a potential antipsychotic drug candidate found to be a potent <b>frameshift</b> mutagen</p><p class="details">Date introduced: May 6, 1992<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67069911" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67069911</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="16" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67069911" value="67069911" /><span>16.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67069911" ref="ordinalpos=16&amp;ncbi_uid=67069911&amp;link_uid=67069911">spectrin Nice [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">contains an insertional <b>frameshift</b> mutation of the spectrin gene associated with elliptocytosis; results in spectrin with a shortened beta chain</p><p class="details">Date introduced: August 17, 1991<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67056757" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67056757</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="17" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67056757" value="67056757" /><span>17.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67056757" ref="ordinalpos=17&amp;ncbi_uid=67056757&amp;link_uid=67056757">hemoglobin Geneva [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">change in codon 114 from CTG(Leu) to -GG that results in a <b>frameshift</b> and the presumed synthesis of an abnormal beta chain that is 156 residues long with a completely different C-terminal amino acid sequence</p><p class="details">Date introduced: September 9, 1988<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div><div class="rprt"><div class="rprtnum nohighlight"><label for="UidCheckBox67041280" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible">Select item 67041280</label><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum.uid" sid="18" type="checkbox" id="UidCheckBox67041280" value="67041280" /><span>18.</span></div><div class="rslt"><p class="title"><a href="/mesh/67041280" ref="ordinalpos=18&amp;ncbi_uid=67041280&amp;link_uid=67041280">hemoglobin Wayne [Supplementary Concept]</a></p><div class="supp"><p class="desc">an alpha-globin <b>frameshift</b> mutant</p><p class="details">Date introduced: June 21, 1984<br /></p></div><div class="aux"><p class="links"></p></div></div></div></div>
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<a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
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<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
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