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<meta name="keywords" content="C5193031, combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 37, coxpd37, disease or syndrome, micos13, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency-37 is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder apparent at birth or in the first months of life. Affected individuals have hypotonia, failure to thrive, and neurodegeneration with loss of developmental milestones, as well as liver dysfunction. Some patients may have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, loss of vision and hearing, and/or seizures. Mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction is apparent in liver and skeletal muscle tissue. Most patients die in childhood (summary by Zeharia et al., 2016).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency, see COXPD1 (609060)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 37 (Concept Id: C5193031)
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<!--
UID=1675208
ConceptID=C5193031
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 37<span class="h1sub">(COXPD37)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1675208</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C5193031</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>COXPD37</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="MICOS13 - ID: 125988 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/125988" class="medgenPMinfo">MICOS13</a> (19p13.3)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0032679" target="_blank">MONDO:0032679</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/618329" target="_blank">618329</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency-37 is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder apparent at birth or in the first months of life. Affected individuals have hypotonia, failure to thrive, and neurodegeneration with loss of developmental milestones, as well as liver dysfunction. Some patients may have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, loss of vision and hearing, and/or seizures. Mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction is apparent in liver and skeletal muscle tissue. Most patients die in childhood (summary by Zeharia et al., 2016).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency, see COXPD1 (609060). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_777186"><div><strong>3-Methylglutaconic aciduria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>777186</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3696376</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased amount of 3-methylglutaconic acid in the urine.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/777186">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%223-Methylglutaconic%20aciduria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20777186%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_2881"><div><strong>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>2881</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0007194</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is defined by the presence of increased ventricular wall thickness or mass in the absence of loading conditions (hypertension, valve disease) sufficient to cause the observed abnormality.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/2881">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypertrophic%20cardiomyopathy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%202881%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_746019"><div><strong>Failure to thrive</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>746019</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2315100</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/746019">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Failure%20to%20thrive%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20746019%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65429"><div><strong>Feeding difficulties</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65429</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0232466</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65429">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Feeding%20difficulties%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065429%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65430"><div><strong>Decreased liver function</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65430</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0232744</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced ability of the liver to perform its functions.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65430">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20liver%20function%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065430%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_120603"><div><strong>Bile duct proliferation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120603</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0267818</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Proliferative changes of the bile ducts.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/120603">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Bile%20duct%20proliferation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20120603%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_373290"><div><strong>Macrovesicular hepatic steatosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373290</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1837256</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A form of hepatic steatosis characterized by the presence of large, lipid-laden vesicles in the affected hepatocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373290">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Macrovesicular%20hepatic%20steatosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20373290%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9164"><div><strong>Sensorineural hearing loss disorder</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9164</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0018784</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9164">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sensorineural%20hearing%20loss%20disorder%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209164%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_7753"><div><strong>Spasticity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7753</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026838</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7753">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spasticity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%207753%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57738"><div><strong>Hyperreflexia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57738</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151889</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hyperreflexia is the presence of hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57738">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyperreflexia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057738%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_120578"><div><strong>Cerebellar hypoplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120578</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0266470</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cerebellar hypoplasia is a descriptive term implying a cerebellum with a reduced volume, but a normal shape and is stable over time.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/120578">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebellar%20hypoplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20120578%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107838"><div><strong>Global developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107838</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0557874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107838">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Global%20developmental%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107838%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_196624"><div><strong>Cerebellar atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>196624</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0740279</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cerebellar atrophy is defined as a cerebellum with initially normal structures, in a posterior fossa with normal size, which displays enlarged fissures (interfolial spaces) in comparison to the foliae secondary to loss of tissue. Cerebellar atrophy implies irreversible loss of tissue and result from an ongoing progressive disease until a final stage is reached or a single injury, e.g. an intoxication or infectious event.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/196624">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebellar%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20196624%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_256151"><div><strong>Persistent head lag</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>256151</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1141883</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The Premie-Neuro and the Dubowitz Neurological Examination score head lag in the same manner. Scoring for both is as follows</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/256151">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Persistent%20head%20lag%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20256151%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_303190"><div><strong>Reduced eye contact</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>303190</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1445953</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduced frequency or duration of eye contact.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/303190">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reduced%20eye%20contact%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20303190%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_381506"><div><strong>Progressive neurologic deterioration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>381506</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1854838</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/381506">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Progressive%20neurologic%20deterioration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20381506%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1385980"><div><strong>Myoclonic seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1385980</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4317123</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A myoclonic seizure is a type of motor seizure characterized by sudden, brief (&lt;100 ms) involuntary single or multiple contraction of muscles or muscle groups of variable topography (axial, proximal limb, distal). Myoclonus is less regularly repetitive and less sustained than is clonus.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1385980">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Myoclonic%20seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201385980%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_208879"><div><strong>Prolonged prothrombin time</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>208879</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0853225</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased time to coagulation in the prothrombin time test, which is a measure of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. The results of the prothrombin time test are often expressed in terms of the International normalized ratio (INR), which is calculated as a ratio of the patient's prothrombin time (PT) to a control PT standardized for the potency of the thromboplastin reagent developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) using the formula</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/208879">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Prolonged%20prothrombin%20time%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20208879%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10133"><div><strong>Hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10133</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026827</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10133">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010133%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_608952"><div><strong>Secondary microcephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>608952</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0431352</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Head circumference which falls below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender because of insufficient head growth after birth.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/608952">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Secondary%20microcephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20608952%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_322809"><div><strong>Poor head control</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>322809</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836038</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Difficulty to maintain correct position of the head while standing or sitting. Infant head lag is observed when the head seems to flop around or lags posteriorly behind the trunk. Several articles have maintained that head lag should be absent by age 3 to 4 months.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/322809">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Poor%20head%20control%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20322809%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_342959"><div><strong>Axial hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>342959</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1853743</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone) affecting the musculature of the trunk.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/342959">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Axial%20hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20342959%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_346841"><div><strong>Generalized hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>346841</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1858120</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/346841">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Generalized%20hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20346841%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11197"><div><strong>Respiratory insufficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11197</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0035229</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Impairment of gas exchange within the lungs secondary to a disease process, neoplasm, or trauma, possibly resulting in hypoxia, hypercarbia, or both, but not requiring intubation or mechanical ventilation. Patients are normally managed with pharmaceutical therapy, supplemental oxygen, or both.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11197">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Respiratory%20insufficiency%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011197%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_257837"><div><strong>Respiratory failure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>257837</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1145670</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A severe form of respiratory insufficiency characterized by inadequate gas exchange such that the levels of oxygen or carbon dioxide cannot be maintained within normal limits.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/257837">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Respiratory%20failure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20257837%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1717"><div><strong>Lactic acidosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1717</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0001125</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal buildup of lactic acid in the body, leading to acidification of the blood and other bodily fluids.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1717">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Lactic%20acidosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201717%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6979"><div><strong>Hypoglycemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6979</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020615</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A decreased concentration of glucose in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6979">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoglycemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206979%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_5720"><div><strong>Hypothermia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>5720</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020672</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced body temperature due to failed thermoregulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/5720">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypothermia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%205720%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_116013"><div><strong>Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116013</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235996</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Elevations of the levels of SGOT and SGPT in the serum. SGOT (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) and SGPT (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase) are transaminases primarily found in the liver and heart and are released into the bloodstream as the result of liver or heart damage. SGOT and SGPT are used clinically mainly as markers of liver damage.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116013">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20hepatic%20transaminase%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20116013%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_68694"><div><strong>Hypoalbuminemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>68694</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239981</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduction in the concentration of albumin in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/68694">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoalbuminemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2068694%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_75702"><div><strong>Hyper-beta-alaninemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75702</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268630</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased concentration of alanine in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75702">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyper-beta-alaninemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2075702%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_332209"><div><strong>Increased circulating lactate concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>332209</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836440</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased level of blood lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid). Lactate is produced from pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase during normal metabolism. The terms lactate and lactic acid are often used interchangeably but lactate (the component measured in blood) is strictly a weak base whereas lactic acid is the corresponding acid. Lactic acidosis is often used clinically to describe elevated lactate but should be reserved for cases where there is a corresponding acidosis (pH below 7.35).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/332209">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Increased%20circulating%20lactate%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20332209%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1370086"><div><strong>Elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase level</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1370086</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4476869</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased level of the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). GGT is mainly present in kidney, liver, and pancreatic cells, but small amounts are present in other tissues.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1370086">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20gamma-glutamyltransferase%20level%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201370086%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_18180"><div><strong>Optic atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>18180</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0029124</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Atrophy of the optic nerve. Optic atrophy results from the death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve and manifesting as a pale optic nerve on fundoscopy.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/18180">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Optic%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2018180%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_777085"><div><strong>Visual impairment</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>777085</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3665347</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Visual impairment (or vision impairment) is vision loss (of a person) to such a degree as to qualify as an additional support need through a significant limitation of visual capability resulting from either disease, trauma, or congenital or degenerative conditions that cannot be corrected by conventional means, such as refractive correction, medication, or surgery.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/777085">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Visual%20impairment%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20777085%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_868091"><div><strong>Chorioretinal hyperpigmentation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>868091</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4022482</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/868091">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Chorioretinal%20hyperpigmentation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20868091%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_208879" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Prolonged prothrombin time</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_116013" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1370086" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase level</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_75702" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyper-beta-alaninemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_68694" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoalbuminemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6979" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoglycemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_5720" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypothermia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_332209" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Increased circulating lactate concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1717" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lactic acidosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_2881" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_120603" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Bile duct proliferation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65430" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased liver function</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65429" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Feeding difficulties</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_373290" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Macrovesicular hepatic steatosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_868091" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Chorioretinal hyperpigmentation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_18180" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Optic atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_777085" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Visual impairment</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_777186" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">3-Methylglutaconic aciduria</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_342959" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Axial hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_346841" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Generalized hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10133" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_322809" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Poor head control</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_608952" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Secondary microcephaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_196624" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebellar atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_120578" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebellar hypoplasia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107838" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Global developmental delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57738" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperreflexia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1385980" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Myoclonic seizure</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_256151" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Persistent head lag</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_381506" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Progressive neurologic deterioration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_303190" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reduced eye contact</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_7753" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spasticity</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the respiratory system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_257837" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Respiratory failure</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11197" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Respiratory insufficiency</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Ear malformation</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9164" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sensorineural hearing loss disorder</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_746019" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Failure to thrive</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4540031[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1626645">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1626645" ref="ncbi_uid=1626645">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1626645" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1626645&amp;link_uid=1626645" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1864843[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=400626">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=400626" target="_blank" href="/omim/609204">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=400626" ref="ncbi_uid=400626">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400626" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=400626&amp;link_uid=400626" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 2'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 2</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1857682[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=387884">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=387884" target="_blank" href="/omim/602389">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=387884" ref="ncbi_uid=387884">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/387884" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=387884&amp;link_uid=387884" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 4'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 4</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3150801[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=462151">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=462151" target="_blank" href="/omim/613541">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=462151" ref="ncbi_uid=462151">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/462151" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=462151&amp;link_uid=462151" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 7'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 7</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4518839[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1377817">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1377817" target="_blank" href="/omim/612035">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK608563/" ref="ncbi_uid=1377817">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1377817" ref="ncbi_uid=1377817">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1377817" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1377817&amp;link_uid=1377817" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 8'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 8</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4706315[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1634481">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1634481" target="_blank" href="/omim/607118">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1634481" ref="ncbi_uid=1634481">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1634481" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1634481&amp;link_uid=1634481" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 9'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 9</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5190991[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1682397">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1682397" target="_blank" href="/omim/614917">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1682397" ref="ncbi_uid=1682397">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1682397" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1682397&amp;link_uid=1682397" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 11'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 11</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4706283[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1631854">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1631854" target="_blank" href="/omim/610316">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1631854" ref="ncbi_uid=1631854">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1631854" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1631854&amp;link_uid=1631854" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 13'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 13</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4755312[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1663069">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1663069" target="_blank" href="/omim/611592">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK538658/" ref="ncbi_uid=1663069">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1663069" ref="ncbi_uid=1663069">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1663069" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1663069&amp;link_uid=1663069" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 14'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 14</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4706313[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1646555">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1646555" target="_blank" href="/omim/611766">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1646555" ref="ncbi_uid=1646555">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1646555" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1646555&amp;link_uid=1646555" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 15'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 15</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3809526[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=815856">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=815856" target="_blank" href="/omim/605367">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=815856" ref="ncbi_uid=815856">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/815856" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=815856&amp;link_uid=815856" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 17'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 17</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4014660[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=863097">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=863097" target="_blank" href="/omim/612802">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=863097" ref="ncbi_uid=863097">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/863097" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=863097&amp;link_uid=863097" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 20'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 20</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4706316[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1638633">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1638633" target="_blank" href="/omim/612805">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1638633" ref="ncbi_uid=1638633">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1638633" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1638633&amp;link_uid=1638633" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 21'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 21</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5567743[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1799166">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1799166" target="_blank" href="/omim/608536">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1799166" ref="ncbi_uid=1799166">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1799166" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1799166&amp;link_uid=1799166" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 23'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 23</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4015643[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=864080">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=864080" target="_blank" href="/omim/612803">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=864080" ref="ncbi_uid=864080">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/864080" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=864080&amp;link_uid=864080" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5567742[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1799165">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1799165" target="_blank" href="/omim/609728">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1799165" ref="ncbi_uid=1799165">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1799165" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1799165&amp;link_uid=1799165" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 25'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 25</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5567741[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1799164">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1799164" target="_blank" href="/omim/611023">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1799164" ref="ncbi_uid=1799164">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1799164" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1799164&amp;link_uid=1799164" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 26'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 26</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5567608[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1799031">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1799031" target="_blank" href="/omim/612800">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1799031" ref="ncbi_uid=1799031">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1799031" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1799031&amp;link_uid=1799031" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 27'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 27</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5567605[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1799028">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1799028" target="_blank" href="/omim/615423">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1799028" ref="ncbi_uid=1799028">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1799028" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1799028&amp;link_uid=1799028" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 30'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 30</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3810055[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=816385">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=816385" target="_blank" href="/omim/613311">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=816385" ref="ncbi_uid=816385">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/816385" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=816385&amp;link_uid=816385" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 19'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 19</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4015062[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=863499">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=863499" target="_blank" href="/omim/164360">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=863499" ref="ncbi_uid=863499">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/863499" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=863499&amp;link_uid=863499" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 22'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 22</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5569081[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1800504">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1800504" target="_blank" href="/omim/611037">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1800504" ref="ncbi_uid=1800504">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1800504" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1800504&amp;link_uid=1800504" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 28'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 28</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5567607[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1799030">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1799030" target="_blank" href="/omim/609063">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1799030" ref="ncbi_uid=1799030">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1799030" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1799030&amp;link_uid=1799030" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 29'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 29</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4540029[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1617600">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1617600" target="_blank" href="/omim/611994">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1617600" ref="ncbi_uid=1617600">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1617600" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1617600&amp;link_uid=1617600" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 32'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 32</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4540209[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1623699">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1623699" target="_blank" href="/omim/601269">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1623699" ref="ncbi_uid=1623699">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1623699" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1623699&amp;link_uid=1623699" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 33'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 33</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4693450[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1631307">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1631307" target="_blank" href="/omim/611974">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1631307" ref="ncbi_uid=1631307">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1631307" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1631307&amp;link_uid=1631307" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 34'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 34</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4693466[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1639653">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1639653" target="_blank" href="/omim/617840">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1639653" ref="ncbi_uid=1639653">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1639653" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1639653&amp;link_uid=1639653" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 35'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 35</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4693722[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1644927">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1644927" target="_blank" href="/omim/611971">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1644927" ref="ncbi_uid=1644927">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1644927" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1644927&amp;link_uid=1644927" title="View MedGen record for 'Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 36'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 36</a></span></li><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5193031[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1675208">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1675208" target="_blank" href="/omim/616658">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1675208" ref="ncbi_uid=1675208">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 37</span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1864840[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=355842">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=355842" target="_blank" href="/omim/604723">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=355842" ref="ncbi_uid=355842">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/355842" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=355842&amp;link_uid=355842" title="View MedGen record for 'Fatal mitochondrial disease due to combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 3'">Fatal mitochondrial disease due to combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 3</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3810001[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=816331">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=816331" target="_blank" href="/omim/615564">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=816331" ref="ncbi_uid=816331">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/816331" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=816331&amp;link_uid=816331" title="View MedGen record for 'Growth and developmental delay-hypotonia-vision impairment-lactic acidosis syndrome'">Growth and developmental delay-hypotonia-vision impairment-lactic acidosis syndrome</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1836797[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=322999">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=322999" target="_blank" href="/omim/606639">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=322999" ref="ncbi_uid=322999">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/322999" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=322999&amp;link_uid=322999" title="View MedGen record for 'Hepatoencephalopathy due to combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 1'">Hepatoencephalopathy due to combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 1</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C2673642[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=435972">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=435972" target="_blank" href="/omim/605810">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=435972" ref="ncbi_uid=435972">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/435972" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=435972&amp;link_uid=435972" title="View MedGen record for 'Hypotonia with lactic acidemia and hyperammonemia'">Hypotonia with lactic acidemia and hyperammonemia</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3809339[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=815669">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=815669" target="_blank" href="/omim/611849">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=815669" ref="ncbi_uid=815669">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/815669" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=815669&amp;link_uid=815669" title="View MedGen record for 'Infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to MRPL44 deficiency'">Infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to MRPL44 deficiency</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4310661[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=934628">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=934628" target="_blank" href="/omim/602241">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=934628" ref="ncbi_uid=934628">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/934628" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=934628&amp;link_uid=934628" title="View MedGen record for 'Lethal left ventricular non-compaction-seizures-hypotonia-cataract-developmental delay syndrome'">Lethal left ventricular non-compaction-seizures-hypotonia-cataract-developmental delay syndrome</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4706421[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1645614">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1645614" target="_blank" href="/omim/612799">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1645614" ref="ncbi_uid=1645614">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1645614" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1645614&amp;link_uid=1645614" title="View MedGen record for 'Leukoencephalopathy-thalamus and brainstem anomalies-high lactate syndrome'">Leukoencephalopathy-thalamus and brainstem anomalies-high lactate syndrome</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4749921[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1664257">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1664257" target="_blank" href="/omim/614667">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1664257" ref="ncbi_uid=1664257">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1664257" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1664257&amp;link_uid=1664257" title="View MedGen record for 'Mitochondrial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with lactic acidosis due to MTO1 deficiency'">Mitochondrial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with lactic acidosis due to MTO1 deficiency</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3151753[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=463103">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=463103" target="_blank" href="/omim/300169">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=463103" ref="ncbi_uid=463103">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/463103" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=463103&amp;link_uid=463103" title="View MedGen record for 'Severe X-linked mitochondrial encephalomyopathy'">Severe X-linked mitochondrial encephalomyopathy</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1626645" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 37</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34176718">Prospective diagnosis of MT-ATP6-related mitochondrial disease by newborn screening.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Peretz RH,
Ah Mew N,
Vernon HJ,
Ganetzky RD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mol Genet Metab</span>
2021 Sep-Oct;134(1-2):37-42.
Epub 2021 Jun 24
doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.06.007.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34176718" target="_blank">34176718</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8578202" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31647776">Treatment of Neurodegeneration: Integrating Photobiomodulation and Neurofeedback in Alzheimer's Dementia and Parkinson's: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Berman MH,
Nichols TW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg</span>
2019 Oct;37(10):623-634.
doi: 10.1089/photob.2019.4685.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31647776" target="_blank">31647776</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28799509">Update on Pharmacological Treatment of Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ferlazzo E,
Trenite DK,
Haan GJ,
Felix Nitschke F,
Ahonen S,
Gasparini S,
Minassian BA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Pharm Des</span>
2017;23(37):5662-5666.
doi: 10.2174/1381612823666170809114654.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28799509" target="_blank">28799509</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5954238" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(combined%20oxidative%20phosphorylation%20deficiency%2037)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (6)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38059801">Multimodal assessment of mitochondrial function in Parkinson's disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Payne T,
Burgess T,
Bradley S,
Roscoe S,
Sassani M,
Dunning MJ,
Hernandez D,
Scholz S,
McNeill A,
Taylor R,
Su L,
Wilkinson I,
Jenkins T,
Mortiboys H,
Bandmann O</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain</span>
2024 Jan 4;147(1):267-280.
doi: 10.1093/brain/awad364.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38059801" target="_blank">38059801</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10766247" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35792653">TWNK in Parkinson's Disease: A Movement Disorder and Mitochondrial Disease Center Perspective Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Percetti M,
Franco G,
Monfrini E,
Caporali L,
Minardi R,
La Morgia C,
Valentino ML,
Liguori R,
Palmieri I,
Ottaviani D,
Vizziello M,
Ronchi D,
Di Berardino F,
Cocco A,
Macao B,
Falkenberg M,
Comi GP,
Albanese A,
Giometto B,
Valente EM,
Carelli V,
Di Fonzo A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mov Disord</span>
2022 Sep;37(9):1938-1943.
Epub 2022 Jul 6
doi: 10.1002/mds.29139.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35792653" target="_blank">35792653</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9544864" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32519003">Antimicrobial de-escalation in the critically ill patient and assessment of clinical cure: the DIANA study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">De Bus L,
Depuydt P,
Steen J,
Dhaese S,
De Smet K,
Tabah A,
Akova M,
Cotta MO,
De Pascale G,
Dimopoulos G,
Fujitani S,
Garnacho-Montero J,
Leone M,
Lipman J,
Ostermann M,
Paiva JA,
Schouten J,
Sjövall F,
Timsit JF,
Roberts JA,
Zahar JR,
Zand F,
Zirpe K,
De Waele JJ;
DIANA study group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Intensive Care Med</span>
2020 Jul;46(7):1404-1417.
Epub 2020 Jun 9
doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06111-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32519003" target="_blank">32519003</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7334278" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28799509">Update on Pharmacological Treatment of Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ferlazzo E,
Trenite DK,
Haan GJ,
Felix Nitschke F,
Ahonen S,
Gasparini S,
Minassian BA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Pharm Des</span>
2017;23(37):5662-5666.
doi: 10.2174/1381612823666170809114654.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28799509" target="_blank">28799509</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5954238" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26553276">A Newly Identified Missense Mutation in FARS2 Causes Autosomal-Recessive Spastic Paraplegia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yang Y,
Liu W,
Fang Z,
Shi J,
Che F,
He C,
Yao L,
Wang E,
Wu Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Mutat</span>
2016 Feb;37(2):165-9.
Epub 2015 Dec 10
doi: 10.1002/humu.22930.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26553276" target="_blank">26553276</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Combined%20oxidative%20phosphorylation%20deficiency%2037%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (27)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35792653">TWNK in Parkinson's Disease: A Movement Disorder and Mitochondrial Disease Center Perspective Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Percetti M,
Franco G,
Monfrini E,
Caporali L,
Minardi R,
La Morgia C,
Valentino ML,
Liguori R,
Palmieri I,
Ottaviani D,
Vizziello M,
Ronchi D,
Di Berardino F,
Cocco A,
Macao B,
Falkenberg M,
Comi GP,
Albanese A,
Giometto B,
Valente EM,
Carelli V,
Di Fonzo A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mov Disord</span>
2022 Sep;37(9):1938-1943.
Epub 2022 Jul 6
doi: 10.1002/mds.29139.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35792653" target="_blank">35792653</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9544864" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30735805">Statins, myalgia, and rhabdomyolysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tournadre A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Joint Bone Spine</span>
2020 Jan;87(1):37-42.
Epub 2019 Feb 6
doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2019.01.018.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30735805" target="_blank">30735805</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31647776">Treatment of Neurodegeneration: Integrating Photobiomodulation and Neurofeedback in Alzheimer's Dementia and Parkinson's: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Berman MH,
Nichols TW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg</span>
2019 Oct;37(10):623-634.
doi: 10.1089/photob.2019.4685.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31647776" target="_blank">31647776</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28942795">Genetics of Mitochondrial Disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Saneto RP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Genet</span>
2017;98:63-116.
Epub 2017 Sep 1
doi: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2017.06.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28942795" target="_blank">28942795</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22283595">Mitochondrial disease and epilepsy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rahman S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dev Med Child Neurol</span>
2012 May;54(5):397-406.
Epub 2012 Jan 28
doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.04214.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22283595" target="_blank">22283595</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Combined%20oxidative%20phosphorylation%20deficiency%2037%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (28)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34001961">Accelerating cryoprotectant diffusion kinetics improves cryopreservation of pancreatic islets.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dolezalova N,
Gruszczyk A,
Barkan K,
Gamble JA,
Galvin S,
Moreth T,
O'Holleran K,
Mahbubani KT,
Higgins JA,
Gribble FM,
Reimann F,
Surmacki J,
Andrews S,
Casey JJ,
Pampaloni F,
Murphy MP,
Ladds G,
Slater NKH,
Saeb-Parsy K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
2021 May 17;11(1):10418.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89853-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34001961" target="_blank">34001961</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8129116" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30735805">Statins, myalgia, and rhabdomyolysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tournadre A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Joint Bone Spine</span>
2020 Jan;87(1):37-42.
Epub 2019 Feb 6
doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2019.01.018.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30735805" target="_blank">30735805</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31647776">Treatment of Neurodegeneration: Integrating Photobiomodulation and Neurofeedback in Alzheimer's Dementia and Parkinson's: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Berman MH,
Nichols TW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg</span>
2019 Oct;37(10):623-634.
doi: 10.1089/photob.2019.4685.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31647776" target="_blank">31647776</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28799509">Update on Pharmacological Treatment of Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ferlazzo E,
Trenite DK,
Haan GJ,
Felix Nitschke F,
Ahonen S,
Gasparini S,
Minassian BA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Pharm Des</span>
2017;23(37):5662-5666.
doi: 10.2174/1381612823666170809114654.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28799509" target="_blank">28799509</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5954238" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24687295">Combined D2-/L2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (SLC25A1 deficiency): clinical course and effects of citrate treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mühlhausen C,
Salomons GS,
Lukacs Z,
Struys EA,
van der Knaap MS,
Ullrich K,
Santer R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2014 Sep;37(5):775-81.
Epub 2014 Apr 1
doi: 10.1007/s10545-014-9702-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24687295" target="_blank">24687295</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Combined%20oxidative%20phosphorylation%20deficiency%2037%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (23)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38630895">A very rare presentation of mitochondrial elongation factor Tu deficiency-TUFM mutation and literature review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gokalp S,
Inci A,
Kilic A,
Ozsaydi E,
Altun AN,
Demir F,
Ergin FB,
Ozbek MN,
Okur I,
Ezgu F,
Tumer L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab</span>
2024 Jun 25;37(6):571-574.
Epub 2024 Apr 18
doi: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0569.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38630895" target="_blank">38630895</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33146414">Clinical exome sequencing in the diagnosis of pediatric neuromuscular disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Herman I,
Lopez MA,
Marafi D,
Pehlivan D,
Calame DG,
Abid F,
Lotze TE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Muscle Nerve</span>
2021 Mar;63(3):304-310.
Epub 2020 Nov 13
doi: 10.1002/mus.27112.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33146414" target="_blank">33146414</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31647776">Treatment of Neurodegeneration: Integrating Photobiomodulation and Neurofeedback in Alzheimer's Dementia and Parkinson's: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Berman MH,
Nichols TW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg</span>
2019 Oct;37(10):623-634.
doi: 10.1089/photob.2019.4685.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31647776" target="_blank">31647776</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24687295">Combined D2-/L2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (SLC25A1 deficiency): clinical course and effects of citrate treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mühlhausen C,
Salomons GS,
Lukacs Z,
Struys EA,
van der Knaap MS,
Ullrich K,
Santer R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2014 Sep;37(5):775-81.
Epub 2014 Apr 1
doi: 10.1007/s10545-014-9702-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24687295" target="_blank">24687295</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22283595">Mitochondrial disease and epilepsy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rahman S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dev Med Child Neurol</span>
2012 May;54(5):397-406.
Epub 2012 Jan 28
doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.04214.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22283595" target="_blank">22283595</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Combined%20oxidative%20phosphorylation%20deficiency%2037%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (12)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38669242">Pseudorabies virus gM and its homologous proteins in herpesviruses induce mitochondria-related apoptosis involved in viral pathogenicity.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhou Q,
Shi D,
Tang YD,
Zhang L,
Hu B,
Zheng C,
Huang L,
Weng C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">PLoS Pathog</span>
2024 Apr;20(4):e1012146.
Epub 2024 Apr 26
doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012146.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38669242" target="_blank">38669242</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11051632" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34988976">Genetic diagnosis of basal ganglia disease in childhood.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Baide-Mairena H,
Marti-Sánchez L,
Marcé-Grau A,
Cazurro-Gutiérrez A,
Sanchez-Montanez A,
Delgado I,
Moreno-Galdó A,
Macaya-Ruiz A,
García-Arumí E,
Pérez-Dueñas B;
Childhood Basal Ganglia Disease Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dev Med Child Neurol</span>
2022 Jun;64(6):743-752.
Epub 2022 Jan 5
doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15125.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34988976" target="_blank">34988976</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28799509">Update on Pharmacological Treatment of Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ferlazzo E,
Trenite DK,
Haan GJ,
Felix Nitschke F,
Ahonen S,
Gasparini S,
Minassian BA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Pharm Des</span>
2017;23(37):5662-5666.
doi: 10.2174/1381612823666170809114654.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28799509" target="_blank">28799509</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5954238" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26800683">Whipworms in humans and pigs: origins and demography.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hawash MB,
Betson M,
Al-Jubury A,
Ketzis J,
LeeWillingham A,
Bertelsen MF,
Cooper PJ,
Littlewood DT,
Zhu XQ,
Nejsum P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Parasit Vectors</span>
2016 Jan 22;9:37.
doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1325-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26800683" target="_blank">26800683</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4724142" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24687295">Combined D2-/L2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (SLC25A1 deficiency): clinical course and effects of citrate treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mühlhausen C,
Salomons GS,
Lukacs Z,
Struys EA,
van der Knaap MS,
Ullrich K,
Santer R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2014 Sep;37(5):775-81.
Epub 2014 Apr 1
doi: 10.1007/s10545-014-9702-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24687295" target="_blank">24687295</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Combined%20oxidative%20phosphorylation%20deficiency%2037%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (25)</a></div></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17508266">Mitochondrial disease: needs and problems of children, their parents and family. A systematic review and pilot study into the need for information of parents during the diagnostic phase.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Noorda G,
Hermans-Peters M,
Smeitink J,
van Achterberg T,
Kemps H,
Goverde W,
Schoonhoven L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2007 Jun;30(3):333-40.
Epub 2007 May 11
doi: 10.1007/s10545-007-0426-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17508266" target="_blank">17508266</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2794030" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Combined%20oxidative%20phosphorylation%20deficiency%2037%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C5193031%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (3)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C5193031%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (5)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C5193031%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (2)</a></li>
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