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<meta name="keywords" content="C1857775, diabetes mellitus, neonatal, with congenital hypothyroidism, disease or syndrome, glis3, ndh, ndh syndrome, neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal diabetes-congenital hypothyroidism-congenital glaucoma-hepatic fibrosis-polycystic kidneys syndrome, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism (NDH) syndrome is characterized by intrauterine growth retardation and onset of nonimmune diabetes mellitus within the first few weeks of life. Other features include renal parenchymal disease, primarily renal cystic dysplasia, and hepatic disease, with hepatitis in some patients and hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in others. Facial dysmorphism, when present, consistently involves low-set ears, epicanthal folds, flat nasal bridge, long philtrum, and thin upper lip. Most patients exhibit developmental delay (Dimitri et al., 2015)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism (Concept Id: C1857775)
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<!--
UID=347541
ConceptID=C1857775
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism<span class="h1sub">(NDH)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>347541</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1857775</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>NDH SYNDROME</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141025"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141025</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0441748</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).</div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141025" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="GLIS3 - ID: 169792 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/169792" class="medgenPMinfo">GLIS3</a> (9p24.2)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012436" target="_blank">MONDO:0012436</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/610199" target="_blank">610199</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=79118">ORPHA79118</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism (NDH) syndrome is characterized by intrauterine growth retardation and onset of nonimmune diabetes mellitus within the first few weeks of life. Other features include renal parenchymal disease, primarily renal cystic dysplasia, and hepatic disease, with hepatitis in some patients and hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in others. Facial dysmorphism, when present, consistently involves low-set ears, epicanthal folds, flat nasal bridge, long philtrum, and thin upper lip. Most patients exhibit developmental delay (Dimitri et al., 2015). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9639"><div><strong>Polycystic kidney disease</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9639</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0022680</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of multiple cysts in both kidneys.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9639">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Polycystic%20kidney%20disease%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209639%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_854361"><div><strong>Renal cyst</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>854361</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3887499</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A fluid filled sac in the kidney.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/854361">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Renal%20cyst%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20854361%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9375"><div><strong>Portal hypertension</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9375</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020541</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased pressure in the portal vein.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9375">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Portal%20hypertension%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209375%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_4693"><div><strong>Fetal growth restriction</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>4693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0015934</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/4693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Fetal%20growth%20restriction%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%204693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_925"><div><strong>Cholestasis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>925</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0008370</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in bile ducts.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/925">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cholestasis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20925%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_5515"><div><strong>Hepatitis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>5515</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019158</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Inflammation of the liver.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/5515">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatitis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%205515%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42428"><div><strong>Hepatomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019209</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased size of the liver.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_45293"><div><strong>Pancreatic cysts</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>45293</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0030283</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A cyst of the pancreas that possess a lining of mucous epithelium.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/45293">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Pancreatic%20cysts%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2045293%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_116093"><div><strong>Hepatic fibrosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116093</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239946</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of excessive fibrous connective tissue in the liver. Fibrosis is a reparative or reactive process.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116093">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatic%20fibrosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20116093%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_539808"><div><strong>Pancreatic hypoplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>539808</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0266267</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypoplasia of the pancreas.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/539808">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Pancreatic%20hypoplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20539808%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9164"><div><strong>Sensorineural hearing loss disorder</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9164</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0018784</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9164">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sensorineural%20hearing%20loss%20disorder%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209164%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65980"><div><strong>Low-set ears</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65980</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239234</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65980">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Low-set%20ears%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065980%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10044"><div><strong>Intellectual disability, mild</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10044</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026106</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Mild intellectual disability is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10044">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20mild%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010044%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107838"><div><strong>Global developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107838</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0557874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107838">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Global%20developmental%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107838%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9232"><div><strong>Umbilical hernia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9232</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019322</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Protrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall musculature around the umbilicus. Skin and subcutaneous tissue overlie the defect.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9232">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Umbilical%20hernia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209232%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_18222"><div><strong>Osteopenia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>18222</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0029453</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Osteopenia is a term to define bone density that is not normal but also not as low as osteoporosis. By definition from the World Health Organization osteopenia is defined by bone densitometry as a T score -1 to -2.5.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/18222">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Osteopenia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2018222%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_140921"><div><strong>Sagittal craniosynostosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>140921</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0432123</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A kind of craniosynostosis affecting the sagittal suture.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/140921">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sagittal%20craniosynostosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20140921%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_196671"><div><strong>Thoracolumbar scoliosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>196671</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0749379</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/196671">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Thoracolumbar%20scoliosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20196671%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_400926"><div><strong>Wide anterior fontanel</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>400926</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1866134</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Enlargement of the anterior fontanelle with respect to age-dependent norms.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/400926">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Wide%20anterior%20fontanel%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20400926%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_483347"><div><strong>Hiatus hernia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>483347</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3489393</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Acquired Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of a hernia in which the upper part of the stomach, i.e., mainly the gastric cardia protrudes through the diaphragmatic esophageal hiatus.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hiatus%20hernia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20483347%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_52469"><div><strong>Splenomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>52469</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0038002</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal increased size of the spleen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/52469">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Splenomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2052469%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65998"><div><strong>Recurrent infections</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65998</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239998</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased susceptibility to infections.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65998">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Recurrent%20infections%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065998%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_452367"><div><strong>Splenic cyst</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>452367</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0272407</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A closed sac located in the spleen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/452367">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Splenic%20cyst%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20452367%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1392952"><div><strong>Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1392952</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4476743</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Laboratory or Test Result</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of autoantibodies (immunoglobulins) in the serum that react against thyroid peroxidase.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anti-thyroid%20peroxidase%20antibody%20positivity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201392952%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_8350"><div><strong>Diabetes mellitus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8350</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0011849</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A group of abnormalities characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/8350">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Diabetes%20mellitus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%208350%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1375023"><div><strong>Increased circulating thyroglobulin concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1375023</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4476805</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal elevation of the concentration of thyroglobulin, a protein produced in the thyroid gland that acts as a precursor to thyrroid hormones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1375023">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Increased%20circulating%20thyroglobulin%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201375023%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_3395"><div><strong>Choanal atresia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>3395</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0008297</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Absence or abnormal closure of the choana (the posterior nasal aperture). Most embryologists believe that posterior choanal atresia results from a failure of rupture between the 35th and 38th day of fetal life of the partition which separates the bucconasal or buccopharyngeal membranes. The resultant choanal atresia may be unilateral or bilateral, bony or membranous, complete or incomplete. In over 90 per cent of cases the obstruction is bony, while in the remainder it is membranous. The bony type of atresia is commonly located 1-2 mm. anterior to the posterior edge of the hard palate, and the osseous septum varies in thickness from 1 to 10 mm. In the membranous form of choanal atresia the obstruction usually occurs further posteriorly. In approximately one third of cases the atresia is bilateral.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/3395">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Choanal%20atresia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%203395%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_151862"><div><strong>Epicanthus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>151862</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0678230</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Epicanthus is a condition in which a fold of skin stretches from the upper to the lower eyelid, partially covering the inner canthus. Usher (1935) noted that epicanthus is a normal finding in the fetus of all races. Epicanthus also occurs in association with hereditary ptosis (110100).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/151862">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Epicanthus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20151862%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_373112"><div><strong>Depressed nasal bridge</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373112</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836542</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373112">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Depressed%20nasal%20bridge%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20373112%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_351278"><div><strong>Long philtrum</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>351278</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865014</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/351278">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Long%20philtrum%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20351278%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_355352"><div><strong>Thin upper lip vermilion</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>355352</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865017</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the midline more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the frontal view (subjective).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/355352">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Thin%20upper%20lip%20vermilion%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20355352%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_41344"><div><strong>Congenital hypothyroidism</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41344</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0010308</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital hypothyroidism is a partial or complete loss of function of the thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) that affects infants from birth (congenital). The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped tissue in the lower neck. It makes iodine-containing hormones that play an important role in regulating growth, brain development, and the rate of chemical reactions in the body (metabolism). People with congenital hypothyroidism have lower-than-normal levels of these important hormones.\n\nCongenital hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland fails to develop or function properly. In 80 to 85 percent of cases, the thyroid gland is absent, severely reduced in size (hypoplastic), or abnormally located. These cases are classified as thyroid dysgenesis. In the remainder of cases, a normal-sized or enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) is present, but production of thyroid hormones is decreased or absent. Most of these cases occur when one of several steps in the hormone synthesis process is impaired; these cases are classified as thyroid dyshormonogenesis. Less commonly, reduction or absence of thyroid hormone production is caused by impaired stimulation of the production process (which is normally done by a structure at the base of the brain called the pituitary gland), even though the process itself is unimpaired. These cases are classified as central (or pituitary) hypothyroidism.\n\nSigns and symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism result from the shortage of thyroid hormones. Affected babies may show no features of the condition, although some babies with congenital hypothyroidism are less active and sleep more than normal. They may have difficulty feeding and experience constipation. If untreated, congenital hypothyroidism can lead to intellectual disability and slow growth. In the United States and many other countries, all hospitals test newborns for congenital hypothyroidism. If treatment begins in the first two weeks after birth, infants usually develop normally.\n\nCongenital hypothyroidism can also occur as part of syndromes that affect other organs and tissues in the body. These forms of the condition are described as syndromic. Some common forms of syndromic hypothyroidism include Pendred syndrome, Bamforth-Lazarus syndrome, and brain-lung-thyroid syndrome.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41344">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Congenital%20hypothyroidism%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2041344%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_108325"><div><strong>Elevated circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>108325</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0586553</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood circulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/108325">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20thyroid-stimulating%20hormone%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20108325%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1611997"><div><strong>Decreased circulating T4 concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1611997</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4531078</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction below the normal concentration of thyroxine in the blood. Thyroxine (also known as T4) is the main hormone secreted by the thyroid gland into the blood. It can be converted into the active form triiodothyronine (also known as T3).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1611997">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20circulating%20T4%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201611997%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_68606"><div><strong>Raised intraocular pressure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>68606</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0234708</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Intraocular pressure that is 2 standard deviations above the population mean.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/68606">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Raised%20intraocular%20pressure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2068606%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_453382"><div><strong>Glaucoma of childhood</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>453382</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2981140</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Other individuals experience early onset of primary open-angle glaucoma, the most common adult form of glaucoma. If primary open-angle glaucoma develops during childhood or early adulthood, it is called juvenile open-angle glaucoma.\n\nStructural abnormalities that impede fluid drainage in the eye increase ocular pressure. These abnormalities may be present at birth and usually become apparent during the first year of life. Such structural abnormalities may be part of a genetic disorder that affects many body systems, called a syndrome. If glaucoma appears before the age of 3 without other associated abnormalities, it is called primary congenital glaucoma.\n\nUsually glaucoma develops in older adults, in whom the risk of developing the disorder may be affected by a variety of medical conditions including high blood pressure (hypertension) and diabetes mellitus, as well as family history. The risk of early-onset glaucoma depends mainly on heredity.\n\nIn most people with glaucoma, the damage to the optic nerves is caused by increased pressure within the eyes (intraocular pressure). Intraocular pressure depends on a balance between fluid entering and leaving the eyes.\n\nGlaucoma is a group of eye disorders in which the optic nerves connecting the eyes and the brain are progressively damaged. This damage can lead to reduction in side (peripheral) vision and eventual blindness. Other signs and symptoms may include bulging eyes, excessive tearing, and abnormal sensitivity to light (photophobia). The term "early-onset glaucoma" may be used when the disorder appears before the age of 40.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/453382">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Glaucoma%20of%20childhood%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20453382%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1641795"><div><strong>Buphthalmos</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1641795</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551507</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Diffusely large eye (with megalocornea) associated with glaucoma.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1641795">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Buphthalmos%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201641795%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_3395" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Choanal atresia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_373112" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Depressed nasal bridge</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_151862" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Epicanthus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_351278" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Long philtrum</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_355352" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thin upper lip vermilion</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_8350" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Diabetes mellitus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1375023" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Increased circulating thyroglobulin concentration</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9375" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Portal hypertension</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_925" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cholestasis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_116093" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatic fibrosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_5515" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatitis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatomegaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_45293" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pancreatic cysts</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_539808" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pancreatic hypoplasia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the endocrine system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_41344" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congenital hypothyroidism</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1611997" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased circulating T4 concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_108325" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1641795" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Buphthalmos</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_453382" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Glaucoma of childhood</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_68606" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Raised intraocular pressure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9639" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Polycystic kidney disease</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_854361" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Renal cyst</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the immune system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1392952" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65998" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Recurrent infections</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_452367" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Splenic cyst</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_52469" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Splenomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_483347" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hiatus hernia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_18222" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Osteopenia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_140921" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sagittal craniosynostosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_196671" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thoracolumbar scoliosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9232" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Umbilical hernia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_400926" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Wide anterior fontanel</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107838" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Global developmental delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10044" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability, mild</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Ear malformation</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65980" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Low-set ears</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9164" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sensorineural hearing loss disorder</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_4693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Fetal growth restriction</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1857775[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=347541">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=347541" target="_blank" href="/omim/610192">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=347541" ref="ncbi_uid=347541">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842297" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Familial cystic renal disease">Familial cystic renal disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=156&amp;PatId=11151&amp;search=Disease_Classif_Simple&amp;new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35882454">Study protocol on risk factors for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in different trimesters and their relation to maternal and neonatal outcomes (GDM-RIDMAN).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yap PPH,
Papachristou Nadal I,
Rysinova V,
Basri NI,
Samsudin IN,
Forbes A,
Noor NM,
Supian ZA,
Hassan H,
Paimin F,
Zakaria R,
Mohamed Alias SR,
Ismail Bukhary NB,
Benton M,
Ismail K,
Chew BH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Open</span>
2022 Jul 26;12(7):e052554.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052554.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35882454" target="_blank">35882454</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9330332" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38970731">Maternal diseases and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in offspring: a cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ma Q,
Li YQ,
Meng QT,
Yang B,
Zhang HT,
Shi H,
Liu CY,
Xiang TC,
Zhao N,
Rao J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">World J Pediatr</span>
2024 Nov;20(11):1168-1178.
Epub 2024 Jul 6
doi: 10.1007/s12519-024-00822-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38970731" target="_blank">38970731</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11582095" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37935517">Associations between hypothyroidism and adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes: a study of a population database including over 184,000 women with hypothyroidism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hizkiyahu R,
Badeghiesh A,
Baghlaf H,
Dahan MH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med</span>
2023 Dec;36(2):2278027.
Epub 2023 Nov 7
doi: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2278027.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37935517" target="_blank">37935517</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37243803">Neurological and endocrinological involvement in neonatal lupus erythematosus: a retrospective study at a tertiary hospital in Eastern China.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sun W,
Ding L,
Li M,
Fu C,
Yang Z,
Zhu X</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Rheumatol</span>
2023 Sep;42(9):2461-2468.
Epub 2023 May 27
doi: 10.1007/s10067-023-06622-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37243803" target="_blank">37243803</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35882454">Study protocol on risk factors for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in different trimesters and their relation to maternal and neonatal outcomes (GDM-RIDMAN).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yap PPH,
Papachristou Nadal I,
Rysinova V,
Basri NI,
Samsudin IN,
Forbes A,
Noor NM,
Supian ZA,
Hassan H,
Paimin F,
Zakaria R,
Mohamed Alias SR,
Ismail Bukhary NB,
Benton M,
Ismail K,
Chew BH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Open</span>
2022 Jul 26;12(7):e052554.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052554.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35882454" target="_blank">35882454</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9330332" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35439592">Maternal Chronic Disease and Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract in Offspring: A Japanese Cohort Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nishiyama K,
Sanefuji M,
Kurokawa M,
Iwaya Y,
Hamada N,
Sonoda Y,
Ogawa M,
Shimono M,
Suga R,
Kusuhara K,
Ohga S;
Japan Environment and Childrens Study Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Kidney Dis</span>
2022 Nov;80(5):619-628.e1.
Epub 2022 Apr 16
doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.03.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35439592" target="_blank">35439592</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (22)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36867340">A Case Report of IPEX Syndrome with Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Congenital Hypothyroidism as the Initial Presentation, and a Systematic Review of neonatal IPEX.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hou AN,
Wang Y,
Pan YQ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Immunol</span>
2023 Jul;43(5):979-988.
Epub 2023 Mar 3
doi: 10.1007/s10875-023-01456-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36867340" target="_blank">36867340</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35410112">Neonatal Diabetes, Congenital Hypothyroidism, and Congenital Glaucoma Coexistence: A Case of GLIS3 Mutation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sarıkaya E,
Kendirci M,
Demir M,
Dündar M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol</span>
2023 Nov 22;15(4):426-430.
Epub 2022 Apr 12
doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2022.2021-12-19.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35410112" target="_blank">35410112</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10683540" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35439592">Maternal Chronic Disease and Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract in Offspring: A Japanese Cohort Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nishiyama K,
Sanefuji M,
Kurokawa M,
Iwaya Y,
Hamada N,
Sonoda Y,
Ogawa M,
Shimono M,
Suga R,
Kusuhara K,
Ohga S;
Japan Environment and Childrens Study Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Kidney Dis</span>
2022 Nov;80(5):619-628.e1.
Epub 2022 Apr 16
doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.03.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35439592" target="_blank">35439592</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29406016">Perinatal Endocrine Challenges.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Muir AB,
Rose SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Perinatol</span>
2018 Mar;45(1):xvii-xviii.
Epub 2017 Dec 1
doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2017.11.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29406016" target="_blank">29406016</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4922452">New drugs and changing mortality from non-infectious disease in England and Wales.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Reid DD,
Evans JG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br Med Bull</span>
1970 Sep;26(3):191-6.
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070781.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4922452" target="_blank">4922452</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (26)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37935517">Associations between hypothyroidism and adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes: a study of a population database including over 184,000 women with hypothyroidism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hizkiyahu R,
Badeghiesh A,
Baghlaf H,
Dahan MH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med</span>
2023 Dec;36(2):2278027.
Epub 2023 Nov 7
doi: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2278027.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37935517" target="_blank">37935517</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37493943">Hepatomegaly and fatty liver disease secondary to central hypothyroidism in combination with macrosomia as initial presentation of IGSF1 deficiency syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nikolaou M,
Vasilakis IA,
Marinakis NM,
Tilemis FN,
Zellos A,
Lykopoulou E,
Traeger-Synodinos J,
Kanaka-Gantenbein C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hormones (Athens)</span>
2023 Sep;22(3):515-520.
Epub 2023 Jul 26
doi: 10.1007/s42000-023-00468-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37493943" target="_blank">37493943</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31271559">A novel GATA6 variant in a boy with neonatal diabetes and diaphragmatic hernia: a familial case with a review of the literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gaisl O,
Konrad D,
Joset P,
Lang-Muritano M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab</span>
2019 Sep 25;32(9):1027-1030.
doi: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0057.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31271559" target="_blank">31271559</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30417761">Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcome Among Hypothyroid Mothers: A Population-Based Cohort Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Turunen S,
Vääräsmäki M,
Männistö T,
Hartikainen AL,
Lahesmaa-Korpinen AM,
Gissler M,
Suvanto E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Thyroid</span>
2019 Jan;29(1):135-141.
Epub 2018 Dec 20
doi: 10.1089/thy.2018.0311.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30417761" target="_blank">30417761</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29406016">Perinatal Endocrine Challenges.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Muir AB,
Rose SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Perinatol</span>
2018 Mar;45(1):xvii-xviii.
Epub 2017 Dec 1
doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2017.11.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29406016" target="_blank">29406016</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39094977">Congenital and acquired hypothyroidism: Temporal and spatial trends in France from 2014 to 2019.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chamot S,
Al-Salameh A,
Balcaen T,
Petit P,
Bonneterre V,
Cancé C,
Desailloud R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Epidemiol</span>
2024 Oct;98:18-24.
Epub 2024 Jul 31
doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.07.091.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39094977" target="_blank">39094977</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39081187">Macroglossia in endocrine and metabolic disorders: current evidence, perspectives and challenges.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Emfietzoglou R,
Muscogiuri G,
Tsilingiris D,
Kounatidis D,
Stratigou T,
Vallianou N,
Karampela I,
Basdra EK,
Dalamaga M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Minerva Endocrinol (Torino)</span>
2024 Sep;49(3):335-350.
Epub 2024 Jul 31
doi: 10.23736/S2724-6507.24.04219-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39081187" target="_blank">39081187</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38970731">Maternal diseases and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in offspring: a cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ma Q,
Li YQ,
Meng QT,
Yang B,
Zhang HT,
Shi H,
Liu CY,
Xiang TC,
Zhao N,
Rao J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">World J Pediatr</span>
2024 Nov;20(11):1168-1178.
Epub 2024 Jul 6
doi: 10.1007/s12519-024-00822-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38970731" target="_blank">38970731</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11582095" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2053804">Outcome measures in child health.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Logan S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dis Child</span>
1991 Jun;66(6):745-8.
doi: 10.1136/adc.66.6.745.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2053804" target="_blank">2053804</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1793154" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4922452">New drugs and changing mortality from non-infectious disease in England and Wales.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Reid DD,
Evans JG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br Med Bull</span>
1970 Sep;26(3):191-6.
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070781.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4922452" target="_blank">4922452</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (20)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38970731">Maternal diseases and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in offspring: a cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ma Q,
Li YQ,
Meng QT,
Yang B,
Zhang HT,
Shi H,
Liu CY,
Xiang TC,
Zhao N,
Rao J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">World J Pediatr</span>
2024 Nov;20(11):1168-1178.
Epub 2024 Jul 6
doi: 10.1007/s12519-024-00822-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38970731" target="_blank">38970731</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11582095" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37243803">Neurological and endocrinological involvement in neonatal lupus erythematosus: a retrospective study at a tertiary hospital in Eastern China.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sun W,
Ding L,
Li M,
Fu C,
Yang Z,
Zhu X</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Rheumatol</span>
2023 Sep;42(9):2461-2468.
Epub 2023 May 27
doi: 10.1007/s10067-023-06622-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37243803" target="_blank">37243803</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35410112">Neonatal Diabetes, Congenital Hypothyroidism, and Congenital Glaucoma Coexistence: A Case of GLIS3 Mutation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sarıkaya E,
Kendirci M,
Demir M,
Dündar M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol</span>
2023 Nov 22;15(4):426-430.
Epub 2022 Apr 12
doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2022.2021-12-19.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35410112" target="_blank">35410112</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10683540" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35394098">Case report: Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism as a result of biallelic heterozygous mutations in GLIS3gene.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Perdas E,
Gadzalska K,
Hrytsiuk I,
Borowiec M,
Fendler W,
Młynarski W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Diabetes</span>
2022 Sep;23(6):668-674.
Epub 2022 Apr 24
doi: 10.1111/pedi.13341.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35394098" target="_blank">35394098</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10212083">Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus: clinical presentation and epidemiology in Oman.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bappal B,
Raghupathy P,
de Silva V,
Khusaiby SM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed</span>
1999 May;80(3):F209-12.
doi: 10.1136/fn.80.3.f209.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10212083" target="_blank">10212083</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1720935" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (17)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36867340">A Case Report of IPEX Syndrome with Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Congenital Hypothyroidism as the Initial Presentation, and a Systematic Review of neonatal IPEX.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hou AN,
Wang Y,
Pan YQ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Immunol</span>
2023 Jul;43(5):979-988.
Epub 2023 Mar 3
doi: 10.1007/s10875-023-01456-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36867340" target="_blank">36867340</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1857775%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (18)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1857775%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F9" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of select exons (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1857775%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (23)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1857775%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (7)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1857775%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (24)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Neonatal%20diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20congenital%20hypothyroidism%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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