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<meta name="keywords" content="C1844016, disease or syndrome, holoprosencephaly with fetal akinesia-hypokinesia sequence, holoprosencephaly with fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence, holoprosencephaly with foetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence, holoprosencephaly-fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence syndrome, holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome, lethal intrauterine growth restriction-cortical malformation-congenital contractures syndrome, mhacx, microhydranencephaly, x-linked, morse-rawnsley-sargent syndrome, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="X-linked microhydranencephaly is a male-lethal disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, extreme microcephaly, and lack of fetal movement on prenatal ultrasound, with death in utero or stillbirth. Autopsy shows limb contractures with talipes equinovarus and hypoplastic lungs and kidneys. Brain findings are consistent with severe holoprosencephaly or near-anencephaly. Obligate carrier females may show a milder phenotype of short stature and microcephaly (Hockey et al., 1988; Carroll et al., 2017).&#13; An autosomal recessive form of microhydranencephaly (MHAC; 605013) is caused by mutation in the NDE1 gene (609449)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome (Concept Id: C1844016)
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<!--
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<!--imgCountBooks = 6--><div class="ncbi_carousel" data-ncbicarousel-config="imageWidth:'100px',numItemsVisible:2,toggler:false"><div class="nc_header"><span class="img_strip_title">Images (6)</span></div><div class="nc_content"><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image006.gif" src-large="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image006.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK1530/figure/hpe-overview.F6/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image001.gif" src-large="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image001.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK1530/figure/hpe-overview.F1/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image004.gif" src-large="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image004.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK1530/figure/hpe-overview.F4/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image002.gif" src-large="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image002.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK1530/figure/hpe-overview.F2/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image005.gif" src-large="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image005.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK1530/figure/hpe-overview.F5/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image003.gif" src-large="/books/NBK1530/bin/hpe-overview-Image003.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK1530/figure/hpe-overview.F3/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div></div></div><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome<span class="h1sub">(MHACX)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>336097</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1844016</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Holoprosencephaly with fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0010610" target="_blank">MONDO:0010610</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/306990" target="_blank">306990</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=2570">ORPHA2570</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">X-linked microhydranencephaly is a male-lethal disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, extreme microcephaly, and lack of fetal movement on prenatal ultrasound, with death in utero or stillbirth. Autopsy shows limb contractures with talipes equinovarus and hypoplastic lungs and kidneys. Brain findings are consistent with severe holoprosencephaly or near-anencephaly. Obligate carrier females may show a milder phenotype of short stature and microcephaly (Hockey et al., 1988; Carroll et al., 2017).&#13; An autosomal recessive form of microhydranencephaly (MHAC; 605013) is caused by mutation in the NDE1 gene (609449). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_4693"><div><strong>Fetal growth restriction</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>4693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0015934</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/4693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Fetal%20growth%20restriction%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%204693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_38214"><div><strong>Holoprosencephaly sequence</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>38214</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0079541</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly is an abnormality of brain development that also affects the head and face. Normally, the brain divides into two halves (hemispheres) during early development. Holoprosencephaly occurs when the brain fails to divide properly into the right and left hemispheres. This condition is called nonsyndromic to distinguish it from other types of holoprosencephaly caused by genetic syndromes, chromosome abnormalities, or substances that cause birth defects (teratogens). The severity of nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly varies widely among affected individuals, even within the same family.\n\nNonsyndromic holoprosencephaly can be grouped into four types according to the degree of brain division. From most to least severe, the types are known as alobar, semi-lobar, lobar, and middle interhemispheric variant (MIHV). In the most severe forms of nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly, the brain does not divide at all. These affected individuals have one central eye (cyclopia) and a tubular nasal structure (proboscis) located above the eye. Most babies with severe nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly die before birth or soon after. In the less severe forms, the brain is partially divided and the eyes are usually set close together (hypotelorism). The life expectancy of these affected individuals varies depending on the severity of symptoms.\n\nPeople with nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly often have a small head (microcephaly), although they can develop a buildup of fluid in the brain (hydrocephalus) that causes increased head size (macrocephaly). Other features may include an opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate) with or without a split in the upper lip (cleft lip), one central front tooth instead of two (a single maxillary central incisor), and a flat nasal bridge. The eyeballs may be abnormally small (microphthalmia) or absent (anophthalmia).\n\nSome individuals with nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly have a distinctive pattern of facial features, including a narrowing of the head at the temples, outside corners of the eyes that point upward (upslanting palpebral fissures), large ears, a short nose with upturned nostrils, and a broad and deep space between the nose and mouth (philtrum). In general, the severity of facial features is directly related to the severity of the brain abnormalities. However, individuals with mildly affected facial features can have severe brain abnormalities. Some people do not have apparent structural brain abnormalities but have some of the facial features associated with this condition. These individuals are considered to have a form of the disorder known as microform holoprosencephaly and are typically identified after the birth of a severely affected family member.\n\nMost people with nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly have developmental delay and intellectual disability. Affected individuals also frequently have a malfunctioning pituitary gland, which is a gland located at the base of the brain that produces several hormones. Because pituitary dysfunction leads to the partial or complete absence of these hormones, it can cause a variety of disorders. Most commonly, people with nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly and pituitary dysfunction develop diabetes insipidus, a condition that disrupts the balance between fluid intake and urine excretion. Dysfunction in other parts of the brain can cause seizures, feeding difficulties, and problems regulating body temperature, heart rate, and breathing. The sense of smell may be diminished (hyposmia) or completely absent (anosmia) if the part of the brain that processes smells is underdeveloped or missing.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/38214">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Holoprosencephaly%20sequence%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2038214%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57633"><div><strong>Multiple joint contractures</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57633</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0158118</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Acquired Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen?term=%22Multiple%20joint%20contractures%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057633%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1644158"><div><strong>Microcephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1644158</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551563</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1644158">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microcephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201644158%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_68618"><div><strong>Decreased fetal movement</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>68618</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235659</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal reduction in quantity or strength of fetal movements.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/68618">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20fetal%20movement%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2068618%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_220903"><div><strong>Fetal akinesia deformation sequence 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>220903</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1276035</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Decreased fetal activity associated with multiple joint contractures, facial anomalies and pulmonary hypoplasia. Ultrasound examination may reveal polyhydramnios, ankylosis, scalp edema, and decreased chest movements (reflecting pulmonary hypoplasia).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/220903">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Fetal%20akinesia%20deformation%20sequence%201%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20220903%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of prenatal development or birth</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_68618" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased fetal movement</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_220903" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Fetal akinesia deformation sequence 1</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1644158" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microcephaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57633" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Multiple joint contractures</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_38214" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Holoprosencephaly sequence</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_4693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Fetal growth restriction</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0079541[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=38214">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=38214" target="_blank" href="/omim/236100">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=38214">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=38214" ref="ncbi_uid=38214">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/38214" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=38214&amp;link_uid=38214" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly sequence'">Holoprosencephaly sequence</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0265242[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=78541">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=78541" target="_blank" href="/omim/167420">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=78541">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=78541" ref="ncbi_uid=78541">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78541" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=78541&amp;link_uid=78541" title="View MedGen record for 'Agnathia-otocephaly complex'">Agnathia-otocephaly complex</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C2675857[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=382704">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=382704" target="_blank" href="/omim/612530">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=382704" ref="ncbi_uid=382704">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/382704" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=382704&amp;link_uid=382704" title="View MedGen record for 'Chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome'">Chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1845146[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=335111">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=335111" target="_blank" href="/omim/136350">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=(NBK1530%20OR%20NBK349073)%20AND%20gene%5Bbook%5D&amp;showtype=onebook" ref="ncbi_uid=335111">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=335111" ref="ncbi_uid=335111">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/335111" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=335111&amp;link_uid=335111" title="View MedGen record for 'Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome'">Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0266667[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=78617">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=78617" target="_blank" href="/omim/236100">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=78617">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=78617" ref="ncbi_uid=78617">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78617" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=78617&amp;link_uid=78617" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 1'">Holoprosencephaly 1</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1834877[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=322517">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=322517" target="_blank" href="/omim/157170">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=322517">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=322517" ref="ncbi_uid=322517">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/322517" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=322517&amp;link_uid=322517" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 2'">Holoprosencephaly 2</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1840529[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=327125">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=327125" target="_blank" href="/omim/142945">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=327125">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=327125" ref="ncbi_uid=327125">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/327125" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=327125&amp;link_uid=327125" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 3'">Holoprosencephaly 3</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1840528[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=374488">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=374488" target="_blank" href="/omim/142946">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=374488">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=374488" ref="ncbi_uid=374488">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/374488" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=374488&amp;link_uid=374488" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 4'">Holoprosencephaly 4</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1864827[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=355304">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=355304" target="_blank" href="/omim/603073">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=355304">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=355304" ref="ncbi_uid=355304">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/355304" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=355304&amp;link_uid=355304" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 5'">Holoprosencephaly 5</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1853830[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=342979">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=342979" target="_blank" href="/omim/605934">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=342979">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/342979" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=342979&amp;link_uid=342979" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 6'">Holoprosencephaly 6</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1835820[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=372134">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=372134" target="_blank" href="/omim/601309">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=372134">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=372134" ref="ncbi_uid=372134">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/372134" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=372134&amp;link_uid=372134" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 7'">Holoprosencephaly 7</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1836254[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=322873">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=322873" target="_blank" href="/omim/609408">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=322873">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/322873" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=322873&amp;link_uid=322873" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 8'">Holoprosencephaly 8</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1835819[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=324369">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=324369" target="_blank" href="/omim/165230">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=324369">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=324369" ref="ncbi_uid=324369">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/324369" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=324369&amp;link_uid=324369" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly 9'">Holoprosencephaly 9</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=441620">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/441620" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=441620&amp;link_uid=441620" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly caudal dysgenesis'">Holoprosencephaly caudal dysgenesis</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=441187">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/441187" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=441187&amp;link_uid=441187" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly deletion 2p'">Holoprosencephaly deletion 2p</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=441188">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/441188" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=441188&amp;link_uid=441188" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly ectrodactyly cleft lip palate'">Holoprosencephaly ectrodactyly cleft lip palate</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=441189">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/441189" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=441189&amp;link_uid=441189" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly radial heart renal anomalies'">Holoprosencephaly radial heart renal anomalies</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=343987" target="_blank" href="/omim/610680">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=343987">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/343987" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=343987&amp;link_uid=343987" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly, recurrent infections, and monocytosis'">Holoprosencephaly, recurrent infections, and monocytosis</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=330464" target="_blank" href="/omim/601370">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=330464">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/330464" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=330464&amp;link_uid=330464" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly-craniosynostosis syndrome'">Holoprosencephaly-craniosynostosis syndrome</a></span></li><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=336097" target="_blank" href="/omim/306990">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=336097">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=336097" ref="ncbi_uid=336097">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome</span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=340382" target="_blank" href="/omim/264480">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=340382">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/340382" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=340382&amp;link_uid=340382" title="View MedGen record for 'Holoprosencephaly-postaxial polydactyly syndrome'">Holoprosencephaly-postaxial polydactyly syndrome</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=343380" target="_blank" href="/omim/245552">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1530/" ref="ncbi_uid=343380">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/343380" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=343380&amp;link_uid=343380" title="View MedGen record for 'Lambotte syndrome'">Lambotte syndrome</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=CN120371[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=468539">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/468539" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=468539&amp;link_uid=468539" title="View MedGen record for 'NODAL-Related Holoprosencephaly'">NODAL-Related Holoprosencephaly</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1843298" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hereditary lethal multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome">Hereditary lethal multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=156&amp;PatId=2370&amp;search=Disease_Classif_Simple&amp;new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25107826">Frozen shoulder contracture syndrome - Aetiology, diagnosis and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lewis J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Man Ther</span>
2015 Feb;20(1):2-9.
Epub 2014 Jul 18
doi: 10.1016/j.math.2014.07.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25107826" target="_blank">25107826</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22976059">Spasticity: pathophysiology, evaluation and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kheder A,
Nair KP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pract Neurol</span>
2012 Oct;12(5):289-98.
doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2011-000155.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22976059" target="_blank">22976059</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22149697">Evaluation and treatment of disorders of the infrapatellar fat pad.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dragoo JL,
Johnson C,
McConnell J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sports Med</span>
2012 Jan 1;42(1):51-67.
doi: 10.2165/11595680-000000000-00000.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22149697" target="_blank">22149697</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (121)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36373844">Anxiety in Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ng R,
Bjornsson HT,
Fahrner JA,
Harris J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2023 Feb;191(2):437-444.
Epub 2022 Nov 14
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63040.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36373844" target="_blank">36373844</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9907226" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35716254">Systemic Sclerosis-Specific Antibodies: Novel and Classical Biomarkers.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cavazzana I,
Vojinovic T,
Airo' P,
Fredi M,
Ceribelli A,
Pedretti E,
Lazzaroni MG,
Garrafa E,
Franceschini F</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Rev Allergy Immunol</span>
2023 Jun;64(3):412-430.
Epub 2022 Jun 18
doi: 10.1007/s12016-022-08946-w.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35716254" target="_blank">35716254</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10167150" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30054011">Pain after stroke: A review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Delpont B,
Blanc C,
Osseby GV,
Hervieu-Bègue M,
Giroud M,
Béjot Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rev Neurol (Paris)</span>
2018 Dec;174(10):671-674.
Epub 2018 Jul 24
doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.11.011.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30054011" target="_blank">30054011</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26460664">Diagnosis and treatment of acute extremity compartment syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">von Keudell AG,
Weaver MJ,
Appleton PT,
Bae DS,
Dyer GSM,
Heng M,
Jupiter JB,
Vrahas MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
2015 Sep 26;386(10000):1299-1310.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00277-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26460664" target="_blank">26460664</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9344309">Rehabilitation of Guillain-Barré syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Meythaler JM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</span>
1997 Aug;78(8):872-9.
doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(97)90203-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9344309" target="_blank">9344309</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (721)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29169596">Hand Compartment Syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rubinstein AJ,
Ahmed IH,
Vosbikian MM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hand Clin</span>
2018 Feb;34(1):41-52.
doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2017.09.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29169596" target="_blank">29169596</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25828715">Diagnosis using the nail bed and hyponychium.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Perera E,
Sinclair R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Clin</span>
2015 Apr;33(2):257-63.
Epub 2015 Feb 15
doi: 10.1016/j.det.2014.12.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25828715" target="_blank">25828715</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22751162">Hip-spine syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Devin CJ,
McCullough KA,
Morris BJ,
Yates AJ,
Kang JD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Orthop Surg</span>
2012 Jul;20(7):434-42.
doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-20-07-434.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22751162" target="_blank">22751162</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8617541">Congenital contractural arachnodactyly.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kulkarni ML,
Kumar CS,
Venkataramana V,
George VG,
Bhagyavathi M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian Pediatr</span>
1995 Jan;32(1):82-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8617541" target="_blank">8617541</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2983921">Congenital thumb deformities.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wood VE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Orthop Relat Res</span>
1985 May;(195):7-25.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2983921" target="_blank">2983921</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1232)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34882509">Breast implant illness: scientific evidence of its existence.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cohen Tervaert JW,
Mohazab N,
Redmond D,
van Eeden C,
Osman M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Rev Clin Immunol</span>
2022 Jan;18(1):15-29.
Epub 2022 Jan 5
doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2022.2010546.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34882509" target="_blank">34882509</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28303481">Morphea and Eosinophilic Fasciitis: An Update.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mertens JS,
Seyger MMB,
Thurlings RM,
Radstake TRDJ,
de Jong EMGJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Clin Dermatol</span>
2017 Aug;18(4):491-512.
doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0269-x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28303481" target="_blank">28303481</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5506513" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12841301">Musculoskeletal involvement in scleroderma.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pope JE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rheum Dis Clin North Am</span>
2003 May;29(2):391-408.
doi: 10.1016/s0889-857x(03)00017-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12841301" target="_blank">12841301</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9344309">Rehabilitation of Guillain-Barré syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Meythaler JM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</span>
1997 Aug;78(8):872-9.
doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(97)90203-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9344309" target="_blank">9344309</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2869072">Jellyfish envenomation syndromes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Burnett JW,
Calton GJ,
Burnett HW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Dermatol</span>
1986 Jan;14(1):100-6.
doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(86)70013-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2869072" target="_blank">2869072</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (390)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35716254">Systemic Sclerosis-Specific Antibodies: Novel and Classical Biomarkers.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cavazzana I,
Vojinovic T,
Airo' P,
Fredi M,
Ceribelli A,
Pedretti E,
Lazzaroni MG,
Garrafa E,
Franceschini F</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Rev Allergy Immunol</span>
2023 Jun;64(3):412-430.
Epub 2022 Jun 18
doi: 10.1007/s12016-022-08946-w.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35716254" target="_blank">35716254</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10167150" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32674167">Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Langston S,
Chu A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Ann</span>
2020 Jul 1;49(7):e299-e304.
doi: 10.3928/19382359-20200624-01.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32674167" target="_blank">32674167</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9344309">Rehabilitation of Guillain-Barré syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Meythaler JM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</span>
1997 Aug;78(8):872-9.
doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(97)90203-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9344309" target="_blank">9344309</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9330889">Emery-Dreifuss syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tsuchiya Y,
Arahata K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Neurol</span>
1997 Oct;10(5):421-5.
doi: 10.1097/00019052-199710000-00011.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9330889" target="_blank">9330889</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2888425">Jellyfish envenomation syndromes updated.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Burnett JW,
Calton GJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Emerg Med</span>
1987 Sep;16(9):1000-5.
doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(87)80748-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2888425" target="_blank">2888425</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (506)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35716254">Systemic Sclerosis-Specific Antibodies: Novel and Classical Biomarkers.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cavazzana I,
Vojinovic T,
Airo' P,
Fredi M,
Ceribelli A,
Pedretti E,
Lazzaroni MG,
Garrafa E,
Franceschini F</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Rev Allergy Immunol</span>
2023 Jun;64(3):412-430.
Epub 2022 Jun 18
doi: 10.1007/s12016-022-08946-w.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35716254" target="_blank">35716254</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10167150" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35417568">The deep fascia and its role in chronic pain and pathological conditions: A review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kondrup F,
Gaudreault N,
Venne G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Anat</span>
2022 Jul;35(5):649-659.
Epub 2022 Apr 27
doi: 10.1002/ca.23882.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35417568" target="_blank">35417568</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30630514">Freeman-Burian syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poling MI,
Dufresne CR,
Chamberlain RL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
2019 Jan 10;14(1):14.
doi: 10.1186/s13023-018-0984-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30630514" target="_blank">30630514</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6327538" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9344309">Rehabilitation of Guillain-Barré syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Meythaler JM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Phys Med Rehabil</span>
1997 Aug;78(8):872-9.
doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(97)90203-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9344309" target="_blank">9344309</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2888425">Jellyfish envenomation syndromes updated.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Burnett JW,
Calton GJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Emerg Med</span>
1987 Sep;16(9):1000-5.
doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(87)80748-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2888425" target="_blank">2888425</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (521)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38668055">The Efficacy of Fat Grafting on Treating Post-Mastectomy Pain with and without Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen J,
Alghamdi AA,
Wong CY,
Alnaim MF,
Kuper G,
Zhang J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Oncol</span>
2024 Apr 4;31(4):2057-2066.
doi: 10.3390/curroncol31040152.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38668055" target="_blank">38668055</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11049271" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36266132">Talectomy for arthrogrypotic foot deformities: A systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chergui S,
Al-Ali H,
Marwan Y,
Abu Dalu K,
Dahan-Oliel N,
Hamdy RC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Foot Ankle Surg</span>
2023 Jan;29(1):15-21.
Epub 2022 Oct 15
doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2022.10.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36266132" target="_blank">36266132</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28027038">Effectiveness of Occupational Therapy Interventions for Adults With Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Forearm, Wrist, and Hand: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Roll SC,
Hardison ME</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Occup Ther</span>
2017 Jan/Feb;71(1):7101180010p1-7101180010p12.
doi: 10.5014/ajot.2017.023234.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28027038" target="_blank">28027038</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5182014" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24684975">Palmar fasciitis and polyarthritis syndrome-systematic literature review of 100 cases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Manger B,
Schett G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Arthritis Rheum</span>
2014 Aug;44(1):105-11.
Epub 2014 Mar 6
doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2014.03.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24684975" target="_blank">24684975</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23911076">Do patient-reported outcome measures capture functioning aspects and environmental factors important to individuals with injuries or disorders of the hand?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Coenen M,
Kus S,
Rudolf KD,
Müller G,
Berno S,
Dereskewitz C,
MacDermid J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Hand Ther</span>
2013 Oct-Dec;26(4):332-42; quiz 342.
Epub 2013 Aug 1
doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2013.06.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23911076" target="_blank">23911076</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (18)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital%20contractures%20syndrome%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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