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<meta name="keywords" content="C1832127, finding, square face, square facial shape, square facies, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Facial contours, as viewed from the front, show a broad upper face/cranium and lower face/mandible, creating a square appearance." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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UID=371253
|
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ConceptID=C1832127
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><div class="ncbi_carousel" data-ncbicarousel-config="imageWidth:'100px',numItemsVisible:2,toggler:false"><div class="nc_header"><span class="img_strip_title">Image</span></div><div class="nc_content"><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Figure 1" src="/projects/medgen/images/thumb/7a6e82e75df86f9d.1.thumb.jpg" src-large="/projects/medgen/images/7a6e82e75df86f9d.1.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="http://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=7a6e82e75df86f9d" target="_blank" title="Elements of Morphology: Human Malformation Terminology - NHGRI">details</a></div></div></div><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Square face</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>371253</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1832127</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
|
||
<td>Square facial shape; Square facies</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000321">HP:0000321</a></td></tr>
|
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</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">Facial contours, as viewed from the front, show a broad upper face/cranium and lower face/mandible, creating a square appearance. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Square face</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867442" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of head or neck">Abnormality of head or neck</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867438" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the head">Abnormality of the head</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871375" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the face">Abnormality of the face</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/98409" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal facial shape">Abnormal facial shape</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Square face</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_75567"><div><strong>CHARGE syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75567</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0265354</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">CHD7 disorder encompasses the entire phenotypic spectrum of heterozygous CHD7 pathogenic variants that includes CHARGE syndrome as well as subsets of features that comprise the CHARGE syndrome phenotype. The mnemonic CHARGE syndrome, introduced in the premolecular era, stands for coloboma, heart defect, choanal atresia, retarded growth and development, genital hypoplasia, ear anomalies (including deafness). Following the identification of the genetic cause of CHD7 disorder, the phenotypic spectrum expanded to include cranial nerve anomalies, vestibular defects, cleft lip and/or palate, hypothyroidism, tracheoesophageal anomalies, brain anomalies, seizures, and renal anomalies. Life expectancy highly depends on the severity of manifestations; mortality can be high in the first few years when severe birth defects (particularly complex heart defects) are present and often complicated by airway and feeding issues. In childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, decreased life expectancy is likely related to a combination of residual heart defects, infections, aspiration or choking, respiratory issues including obstructive and central apnea, and possibly seizures. Despite these complications, the life expectancy for many individuals can be normal.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75567">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_162881"><div><strong>Smith-Magenis syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>162881</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0795864</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is characterized by distinctive physical features (particularly coarse facial features that progress with age), developmental delay, cognitive impairment, behavioral abnormalities, sleep disturbance, and childhood-onset abdominal obesity. Infants have feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, hypotonia, hyporeflexia, prolonged napping or need to be awakened for feeds, and generalized lethargy. The majority of individuals function in the mild-to-moderate range of intellectual disability. The behavioral phenotype, including significant sleep disturbance, stereotypies, and maladaptive and self-injurious behaviors, is generally not recognized until age 18 months or older and continues to change until adulthood. Sensory issues are frequently noted; these may include avoidant behavior, as well as repetitive seeking of textures, sounds, and experiences. Toileting difficulties are common. Significant anxiety is common as are problems with executive functioning, including inattention, distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Maladaptive behaviors include frequent outbursts / temper tantrums, attention-seeking behaviors, opposition, aggression, and self-injurious behaviors including self-hitting, self-biting, skin picking, inserting foreign objects into body orifices (polyembolokoilamania), and yanking fingernails and/or toenails (onychotillomania). Among the stereotypic behaviors described, the spasmodic upper-body squeeze or "self-hug" seems to be highly associated with SMS. An underlying developmental asynchrony, specifically emotional maturity delayed beyond intellectual functioning, may also contribute to maladaptive behaviors in people with SMS.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/162881">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_162922"><div><strong>Intellectual disability, X-linked 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>162922</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0796207</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Nonsyndromic mental retardation with a large head, relatively short stature, highly arched palate, square facies, short hands and feet, and macroorchidism.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/162922">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_333405"><div><strong>Syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 12</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>333405</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1839792</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">X-linked intellectual disability, Wilson type is characterised by severe intellectual deficit with mutism, epilepsy, growth retardation and recurrent infections. It has been described in three males from three generations of one family. The causative gene has been localised to the 11p region of the X chromosome.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/333405">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_409627"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis 5</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>409627</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1968603</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis-5 (OPTB5) is a form of infantile malignant osteopetrosis, characterized by defective osteoclast function resulting in decreased bone resorption and generalized osteosclerosis. Defective resorption causes development of densely sclerotic fragile bones and progressive obliteration of the marrow spaces and cranial foramina. Marrow obliteration is associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis and hepatosplenomegaly, and results in anemia and thrombocytopenia, whereas nerve entrapment accounts for progressive blindness and hearing loss. Other major manifestations include failure to thrive, pathologic fractures, and increased infection rate. Most affected children succumb to severe bone marrow failure and overwhelming infection in the first few years of life (summary by Quarello et al., 2004).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/409627">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_481861"><div><strong>Chromosome 8q21.11 deletion syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>481861</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3280231</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The chromosome 8q21.11 deletion syndrome is characterized by impaired intellectual development and common facial dysmorphic features (summary by Palomares et al., 2011).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/481861">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_816353"><div><strong>8q24.3 microdeletion syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>816353</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3810023</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Verheij syndrome is characterized by growth retardation, delayed psychomotor development, dysmorphic facial features, and skeletal, mainly vertebral, abnormalities. Additional variable features may include coloboma, renal defects, and cardiac defects (summary by Verheij et al., 2009 and Dauber et al., 2013).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/816353">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1648401"><div><strong>Intellectual disability, autosomal recessive 65</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1648401</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4748219</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1648401">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1675629"><div><strong>Menke-Hennekam syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1675629</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5193034</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Menke-Hennekam syndrome-1 (MKHK1) is a congenital disorder characterized by variable impairment of intellectual development and facial dysmorphisms. Feeding difficulties, autistic behavior, recurrent upper airway infections, hearing impairment, short stature, and microcephaly are also frequently seen. Although mutations in the same gene cause Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome-1 (RSTS1; 180849), patients with MKHK1 do not resemble the striking phenotype of RSTS1. Genetic Heterogeneity of Menke-Hennekam Syndrome Menke-Hennekam syndrome-2 (MKHK2; 618333) is caused by heterozygous mutation in exons 30 or 31 of the EP300 gene (602700). Mutation elsewhere in that gene results in RSTS2 (613684).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1675629">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1676668"><div><strong>Menke-Hennekam syndrome 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1676668</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5193035</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Menke-Hennekam syndrome-2 (MKHK2) is a congenital disorder characterized by variable impairment of intellectual development and facial dysmorphisms. Feeding difficulties, autistic behavior, recurrent upper airway infections, and hearing impairment are also frequently seen. Although mutations in the same gene cause Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome-2 (RSTS2; 613684), patients with MKHK1 do not resemble the striking phenotype of RSTS2. For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Menke-Hennekam syndrome, see MKHK1 (618332).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1676668">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1740295"><div><strong>Intellectual developmental disorder with seizures and language delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1740295</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5436574</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">SETD1B-related neurodevelopmental disorder (SETD1B-NDD) is characterized by developmental delay (mainly affecting speech and language), intellectual disability, seizures, autism spectrum disorder or autism-like behaviors, and additional behavioral concerns. Speech delay and/or language disorder has been reported in most affected individuals. Delay in gross motor skills and mild-to-moderate intellectual disability are common. Most affected individuals have seizures with variable onset and seizure type. Behavioral issues including hyperactivity, aggression, anxiety, and sleep disorders have been reported in approximately half of individuals. Less common features include ophthalmologic manifestations and feeding issues.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1740295">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1799326"><div><strong>Orofaciodigital syndrome 18</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1799326</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5567903</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Orofaciodigital syndrome XVIII (OFD18) is characterized by short stature, brachymesophalangy, pre- and postaxial polysyndactyly, and stocky femoral necks, as well as oral anomalies and dysmorphic facial features (Thevenon et al., 2016).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1799326">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1803541"><div><strong>Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1803541</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5676888</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bowing of the long bones and other skeletal anomalies, episodic hyperthermia, respiratory distress, and feeding difficulties usually resulting in early death (Dagoneau et al., 2004). See also 'classic' Schwartz-Jampel syndrome type 1 (SJS1; 255800), a phenotypically similar but genetically distinct disorder caused by mutation in the HSPG2 gene (142461) on chromosome 1p36. Genetic Heterogeneity of Stuve-Wiedemann Syndrome Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome-2 (STWS2; 619751) is caused by mutation in the IL6ST gene (600694) on chromosome 5q11.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1803541">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1855924"><div><strong>Megalencephaly-polydactyly syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1855924</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5935591</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Megalencephaly-polydactyly syndrome (MPAPA) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by megalencephaly, ventriculomegaly, postaxial polydactyly, and, notably, neuroblastoma during infancy (summary by Nishio et al., 2023).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1855924">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_816353" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">8q24.3 microdeletion syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_409627" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis 5</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_75567" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">CHARGE syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_481861" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Chromosome 8q21.11 deletion syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1740295" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual developmental disorder with seizures and language delay</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (14)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1648401" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability, autosomal recessive 65</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_162922" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability, X-linked 2</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1855924" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Megalencephaly-polydactyly syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1675629" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Menke-Hennekam syndrome 1</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1676668" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Menke-Hennekam syndrome 2</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1799326" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Orofaciodigital syndrome 18</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_162881" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Smith-Magenis syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1803541" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome 1</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_333405" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 12</a></div></span></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31067069">Esthetic Interdisciplinary Treatment: An Effective Approach to Address Complex Short-Face Adult Cases.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chang CL,
|
||
Chen S,
|
||
Liou EJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Compend Contin Educ Dent</span>
|
||
2019 May;40(5):284-289; quiz 290.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31067069" target="_blank">31067069</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22square%20face%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36336603">Zygoma and Mandibular Angle Reduction: Contouring Surgery to Correct the Square Face in Asians.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Han MD,
|
||
Kwon TG</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2023 Feb;35(1):83-96.
|
||
Epub 2022 Nov 3
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2022.06.003.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36336603" target="_blank">36336603</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24902113">Long-term changes in the masseter muscle following reduction gonioplasty.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fu X,
|
||
Rui L,
|
||
Liu J,
|
||
Hirche C,
|
||
Niu F,
|
||
Chen Y,
|
||
Wang M,
|
||
Su R,
|
||
Xu J,
|
||
Gui L</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Craniofac Surg</span>
|
||
2014 Jul;25(4):1309-12.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000000776.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24902113" target="_blank">24902113</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23890784">Comprehensive consideration and design for treatment of square face.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Li X,
|
||
Hsu Y,
|
||
Hu J,
|
||
Khadka A,
|
||
Chen T,
|
||
Li J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Oral Maxillofac Surg</span>
|
||
2013 Oct;71(10):1761.e1-14.
|
||
Epub 2013 Jul 24
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.04.024.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23890784" target="_blank">23890784</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21920834">Surgical designs and techniques for mandibular contouring based on categorisation of square face with low gonial angle in orientals.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Li J,
|
||
Hsu Y,
|
||
Khadka A,
|
||
Hu J,
|
||
Wang Q,
|
||
Wang D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg</span>
|
||
2012 Jan;65(1):e1-8.
|
||
Epub 2011 Sep 14
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2011.08.002.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21920834" target="_blank">21920834</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19703797">Patient satisfaction after zygoma and mandible reduction surgery: an outcome assessment.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Choi BK,
|
||
Goh RC,
|
||
Moaveni Z,
|
||
Lo LJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg</span>
|
||
2010 Aug;63(8):1260-4.
|
||
Epub 2009 Aug 22
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2009.07.041.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19703797" target="_blank">19703797</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31067069">Esthetic Interdisciplinary Treatment: An Effective Approach to Address Complex Short-Face Adult Cases.</a></div>
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Compend Contin Educ Dent</span>
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2019 May;40(5):284-289; quiz 290.
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21920834">Surgical designs and techniques for mandibular contouring based on categorisation of square face with low gonial angle in orientals.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Li J,
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Hsu Y,
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19082365">Benign masseter muscle hypertrophy.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rispoli DZ,
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Camargo PM,
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Pires JL Jr,
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Fonseca VR,
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Mandelli KK,
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Braz J Otorhinolaryngol</span>
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2008 Sep-Oct;74(5):790-793.
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doi: 10.1016/S1808-8694(15)31393-8.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19082365" target="_blank">19082365</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9445953" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Square%20face%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38740625">Three-Dimensional Photography for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin Injection for Masseter Hypertrophy.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Huang DW,
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Lai CY,
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Chen JE,
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Yi CC,
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Chen YH,
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Wang CH,
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Chen SG</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aesthetic Plast Surg</span>
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2024 Oct;48(20):4065-4076.
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Epub 2024 May 13
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doi: 10.1007/s00266-024-03974-7.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38740625" target="_blank">38740625</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33347002">Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Botulinum Toxin A for Masseter Reduction: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Optimal Dose-Finding Study.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hong JY,
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Jeong GJ,
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Kwon TR,
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Kim JH,
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Li K,
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Kim BJ</span><br />
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2021 Jan 1;47(1):e5-e9.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33347002" target="_blank">33347002</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33044410">A digital photograph study evaluating facial taperness and square face perception of Taiwanese females.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu TY,
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Chou CY,
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Liang YM,
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Chang KW,
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Wu CH</span><br />
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2021 Mar 1;84(3):314-319.
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doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000442.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33044410" target="_blank">33044410</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28504986">Cosmetic bone contouring.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rodman R</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</span>
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2017 Aug;25(4):337-340.
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doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000370.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28504986" target="_blank">28504986</a></div>
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||
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||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17700130">Electrophysiologic change and facial contour following botulinum toxin A injection in square faces.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee CJ,
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Kim SG,
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Kim YJ,
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Han JY,
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Choi SH,
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Lee SI</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Plast Reconstr Surg</span>
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2007 Sep;120(3):769-778.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17700130" target="_blank">17700130</a></div>
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Square%20face%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35748454">Assessment of Electromyographic Changes in a Patient with Masseter Hypertrophy and Muscle Pain after Botulinum Injections: A Case Report and 5 Months Follow-up.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bianco E,
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Tagliabue R,
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Mirabelli L,
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Maddalone M</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Contemp Dent Pract</span>
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2022 Feb 1;23(2):226-231.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35748454" target="_blank">35748454</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23890784">Comprehensive consideration and design for treatment of square face.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Li X,
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Hsu Y,
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Hu J,
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Khadka A,
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Li J</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Oral Maxillofac Surg</span>
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2013 Oct;71(10):1761.e1-14.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23890784" target="_blank">23890784</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22337448">Management of bilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Özkan BT,
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19703797">Patient satisfaction after zygoma and mandible reduction surgery: an outcome assessment.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Choi BK,
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Goh RC,
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Moaveni Z,
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Lo LJ</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg</span>
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2010 Aug;63(8):1260-4.
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Epub 2009 Aug 22
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doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2009.07.041.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19703797" target="_blank">19703797</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15900146">Volumetric change of the muscles of mastication following resection of mandibular angles: a long-term follow-up.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lo LJ,
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Mardini S,
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Plast Surg</span>
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2005 Jun;54(6):615-21; discussion 622.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15900146" target="_blank">15900146</a></div>
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Square%20face%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33347002">Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Botulinum Toxin A for Masseter Reduction: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Optimal Dose-Finding Study.</a></div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hong JY,
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Jeong GJ,
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||
Kwon TR,
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||
Kim JH,
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||
Li K,
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||
Kim BJ</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Surg</span>
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||
2021 Jan 1;47(1):e5-e9.
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||
doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002475.
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||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33347002" target="_blank">33347002</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33044410">A digital photograph study evaluating facial taperness and square face perception of Taiwanese females.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu TY,
|
||
Chou CY,
|
||
Liang YM,
|
||
Chang KW,
|
||
Wu CH</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Chin Med Assoc</span>
|
||
2021 Mar 1;84(3):314-319.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000442.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33044410" target="_blank">33044410</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24902113">Long-term changes in the masseter muscle following reduction gonioplasty.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fu X,
|
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Rui L,
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Liu J,
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Hirche C,
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Niu F,
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Chen Y,
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Wang M,
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Su R,
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Xu J,
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Gui L</span><br />
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24902113" target="_blank">24902113</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17700130">Electrophysiologic change and facial contour following botulinum toxin A injection in square faces.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee CJ,
|
||
Kim SG,
|
||
Kim YJ,
|
||
Han JY,
|
||
Choi SH,
|
||
Lee SI</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Plast Reconstr Surg</span>
|
||
2007 Sep;120(3):769-778.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000271068.71399.ae.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17700130" target="_blank">17700130</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3351900">A reappraisal of the CHARGE association.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Oley CA,
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Baraitser M,
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3351900" target="_blank">3351900</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1015478" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Square%20face%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (14)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
||
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
|
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Square%20face" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_121">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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