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<meta name="keywords" content="C1096086, abnormality of the leg, abnormality of the lower limb, anatomical abnormality, deformity of lower limb, lower limb deformities, lower limb deformity, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="An abnormality of the leg." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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UID=242750
|
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ConceptID=C1096086
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Abnormality of the lower limb</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>242750</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1096086</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
|
||
<td>Lower limb deformities</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
|
||
<td>Deformity of lower limb (449715001); Lower limb deformity (449715001)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002814">HP:0002814</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">An abnormality of the leg. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the lower limb</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/536898" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of limbs">Abnormality of limbs</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Abnormality of the lower limb</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1762829" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal foot morphology">Abnormal foot morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867783" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of dorsoventral patterning of the limbs">Abnormality of dorsoventral patterning of the limbs</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871255" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Autoamputation of foot">Autoamputation of foot</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/356187" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Broad foot">Broad foot</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1636532" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Equinovarus deformity">Equinovarus deformity</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869372" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Foot asymmetry">Foot asymmetry</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1055489" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Foot mass">Foot mass</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/154365" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Long foot">Long foot</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/388626" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Medial deviation of the foot">Medial deviation of the foot</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/812056" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Medial rotation of the medial malleolus">Medial rotation of the medial malleolus</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/108395" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Narrow foot">Narrow foot</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/675590" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pes cavus">Pes cavus</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/42034" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pes planus">Pes planus</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1719591" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Skewfoot">Skewfoot</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/299028" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pes valgus">Pes valgus</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870707" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Positional foot deformity">Positional foot deformity</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/220976" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Talipes">Talipes</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1699636" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Prominent subcalcaneal fat pad">Prominent subcalcaneal fat pad</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869537" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Structural foot deformity">Structural foot deformity</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868066" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal lower limb bone morphology">Abnormal lower limb bone morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867385" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal femur morphology">Abnormal femur morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871149" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal femoral neck/head morphology">Abnormal femoral neck/head morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1373802" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal femoral torsion">Abnormal femoral torsion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869397" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bifid femur">Bifid femur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/346601" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Club-shaped distal femur">Club-shaped distal femur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/368485" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Club-shaped proximal femur">Club-shaped proximal femur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/320339" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disproportionate prominence of the femoral medial condyle">Disproportionate prominence of the femoral medial condyle</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870600" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Distal tapering femur">Distal tapering femur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870603" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Dumbbell-shaped femur">Dumbbell-shaped femur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/383796" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Erlenmeyer flask deformity of the femurs">Erlenmeyer flask deformity of the femurs</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1053982" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Femoral osteopoikilosis">Femoral osteopoikilosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1371539" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Femoral spur">Femoral spur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1387203" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Low femoral bone density">Low femoral bone density</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/336091" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Trapezoidal distal femoral condyles">Trapezoidal distal femoral condyles</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871187" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal fibula morphology">Abnormal fibula morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1383699" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Decreased fibular diameter">Decreased fibular diameter</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869374" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fibular bowing">Fibular bowing</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/478372" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fibular duplication">Fibular duplication</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/350389" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fibular overgrowth">Fibular overgrowth</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1053443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fibular torsion">Fibular torsion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/338386" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Long fibula">Long fibula</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/811655" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Serpentine fibula">Serpentine fibula</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1864108" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Thickened fibular cortex">Thickened fibular cortex</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871260" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal metatarsal morphology">Abnormal metatarsal morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870291" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the fifth metatarsal bone">Abnormality of the fifth metatarsal bone</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869654" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the first metatarsal bone">Abnormality of the first metatarsal bone</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868087" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the fourth metatarsal bone">Abnormality of the fourth metatarsal bone</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868088" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the second metatarsal bone">Abnormality of the second metatarsal bone</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869322" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the third metatarsal bone">Abnormality of the third metatarsal bone</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/330797" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Broad metatarsal">Broad metatarsal</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870287" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Distal tapering of metatarsals">Distal tapering of metatarsals</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/369975" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Expanded metatarsals with widened medullary cavities">Expanded metatarsals with widened medullary cavities</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870783" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Flattened metatarsal heads">Flattened metatarsal heads</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/898667" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Metatarsus adductus">Metatarsus adductus</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/907543" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Metatarsus valgus">Metatarsus valgus</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/324626" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Osteoporotic metatarsal">Osteoporotic metatarsal</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/347105" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Second metatarsal posteriorly placed">Second metatarsal posteriorly placed</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/342430" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Thin metatarsal cortices">Thin metatarsal cortices</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869363" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Y-shaped metatarsals">Y-shaped metatarsals</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871186" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal tibia morphology">Abnormal tibia morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871099" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the tibial plateaux">Abnormality of the tibial plateaux</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867485" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Increased length of the tibia">Increased length of the tibia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1864149" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Thickened tibial cortex">Thickened tibial cortex</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/332360" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tibial bowing">Tibial bowing</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1376001" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tibial spur">Tibial spur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/98099" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tibial torsion">Tibial torsion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867640" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tibiofibular diastasis">Tibiofibular diastasis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1612259" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Triangular tibia">Triangular tibia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/396301" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the tarsal bones">Abnormality of the tarsal bones</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870250" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal talus morphology">Abnormal talus morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870251" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the calcaneus">Abnormality of the calcaneus</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867752" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the os naviculare pedis">Abnormality of the os naviculare pedis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/347291" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Deformed tarsal bones">Deformed tarsal bones</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/336092" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Flattening of the talar dome">Flattening of the talar dome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/381591" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Irregular tarsal bones">Irregular tarsal bones</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/349098" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Large tarsal bones">Large tarsal bones</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/151931" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Supernumerary tarsal bone">Supernumerary tarsal bone</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869558" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Broad phalanx of the toes">Broad phalanx of the toes</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866986" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Broad hallux phalanx">Broad hallux phalanx</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870146" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Duplication involving bones of the feet">Duplication involving bones of the feet</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867402" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bifid distal phalanx of toe">Bifid distal phalanx of toe</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871290" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Duplication of metatarsal bones">Duplication of metatarsal bones</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1732416" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured hindlimb bone">Fractured hindlimb bone</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/57695" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured fibula">Fractured fibula</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1746750" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured fused metatarsal bones 2-4">Fractured fused metatarsal bones 2-4</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/501126" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured lower leg">Fractured lower leg</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1763354" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured metatarsal bone of digit 1">Fractured metatarsal bone of digit 1</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1743223" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured metatarsal bone of digit 4">Fractured metatarsal bone of digit 4</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1737910" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured metatarsal bone of digit 5">Fractured metatarsal bone of digit 5</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/510871" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured patella">Fractured patella</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1760271" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured phalanx of pes">Fractured phalanx of pes</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/548932" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured tarsal bone">Fractured tarsal bone</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1731065" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fractured lateral malleolus of fibula">Fractured lateral malleolus of fibula</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870144" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Osteolysis involving bones of the lower limbs">Osteolysis involving bones of the lower limbs</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870147" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Osteolysis involving bones of the feet">Osteolysis involving bones of the feet</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870602" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Osteolysis of patellae">Osteolysis of patellae</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870590" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal lower-limb metaphysis morphology">Abnormal lower-limb metaphysis morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870591" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal femoral metaphysis morphology">Abnormal femoral metaphysis morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868136" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal distal femoral metaphysis morphology">Abnormal distal femoral metaphysis morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870598" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal proximal femoral metaphysis morphology">Abnormal proximal femoral metaphysis morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/355309" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Wide femoral metaphysis">Wide femoral metaphysis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870589" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal tibial metaphysis morphology">Abnormal tibial metaphysis morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/394795" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Broad tibial metaphyses">Broad tibial metaphyses</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/337522" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Peg-like central prominence of distal tibial metaphyses">Peg-like central prominence of distal tibial metaphyses</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866624" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of lower limb joint">Abnormality of lower limb joint</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866552" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal hip joint morphology">Abnormal hip joint morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867374" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal acetabulum morphology">Abnormal acetabulum morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/445274" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Femoroacetabular impingement">Femoroacetabular impingement</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/140946" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hip subluxation">Hip subluxation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1795576" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Trident pelvis">Trident pelvis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871183" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the ankle">Abnormality of the ankle</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1841845" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal ankle morphology">Abnormal ankle morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842004" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal ankle physiology">Abnormal ankle physiology</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871199" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the knee">Abnormality of the knee</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1841978" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal knee morphology">Abnormal knee morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1841759" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal knee physiology">Abnormal knee physiology</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870145" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Synostosis involving bones of the lower limbs">Synostosis involving bones of the lower limbs</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870143" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Synostosis involving bones of the feet">Synostosis involving bones of the feet</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870650" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Synostosis involving the fibula">Synostosis involving the fibula</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870649" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Synostosis involving the tibia">Synostosis involving the tibia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1863742" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tibiofibular interosseous membrane calcification">Tibiofibular interosseous membrane calcification</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867455" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the calf">Abnormality of the calf</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/347285" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Areflexia of lower limbs">Areflexia of lower limbs</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/643630" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Absent patellar reflexes">Absent patellar reflexes</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/340635" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Decreased/absent ankle reflexes">Decreased/absent ankle reflexes</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/108240" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Absent Achilles reflex">Absent Achilles reflex</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869376" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypertrophy of the lower limb">Hypertrophy of the lower limb</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/371881" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hyporeflexia of lower limbs">Hyporeflexia of lower limbs</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/324765" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Decreased Achilles reflex">Decreased Achilles reflex</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/478814" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Decreased patellar reflex">Decreased patellar reflex</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/116085" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pedal edema">Pedal edema</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1764866" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bipedal edema">Bipedal edema</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/753650" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Edema of the dorsum of feet">Edema of the dorsum of feet</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/331487" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Rickets of the lower limbs">Rickets of the lower limbs</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/52357" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sirenomelia">Sirenomelia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_83346"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>83346</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0342642</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) is characterized by isolated renal phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, and inappropriately normal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) levels. Patients frequently present with bone pain, rickets, and tooth abscesses. In contrast to X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH; 307800), ADHR shows incomplete penetrance, variable age at onset (childhood to adult), and resolution of the phosphate-wasting defect in rare cases (Econs et al., 1997). See also hypophosphatemic bone disease (146350). Genetic Heterogeneity of Hypophosphatemic Rickets Other forms of hypophosphatemic rickets include autosomal recessive forms, i.e., ARHR1 (241520), caused by mutation in the DMP1 gene (600980) on chromosome 4q21, and ARHR2 (613312), caused by mutation in the ENPP1 gene (173335) on chromosome 6q23. An X-linked dominant form (XLHR; 307800) is caused by mutation in the PHEX gene (300550), and an X-linked recessive form (300554) is caused by mutation in the CLCN5 gene (300008). Clinical Variability of Hypophosphatemic Rickets Hypophosphatemic rickets can be caused by disorders of vitamin D metabolism or action (see VDDR1A, 264700). A form of hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH; 241530) is caused by mutation in the SLC34A3 gene (609826), and there is evidence that a form of hypophosphatemic rickets with hyperparathyroidism (612089) may be caused by a translocation that results in an increase in alpha-klotho levels (KLOTHO; 604824).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/83346">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_335344"><div><strong>Terminal osseous dysplasia-pigmentary defects syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>335344</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1846129</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Terminal osseous dysplasia is an X-linked dominant male-lethal disease characterized by skeletal dysplasia of the limbs, pigmentary defects of the skin, and recurrent digital fibroma during infancy (Sun et al., 2010).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/335344">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_343374"><div><strong>Absence deformity of leg-cataract syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>343374</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1855523</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">A very rare congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by absence deformity of one leg, progressive scoliosis, short stature, and congenital cataract associated with dysplasia of the optic nerve. No intellectual deficit has been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1968.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/343374">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_343374" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Absence deformity of leg-cataract syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_83346" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_335344" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Terminal osseous dysplasia-pigmentary defects syndrome</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31288916">The Interdisciplinary Management of Foot Drop.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Carolus AE,
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Becker M,
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Cuny J,
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Smektala R,
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Schmieder K,
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Brenke C</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dtsch Arztebl Int</span>
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2019 May 17;116(20):347-354.
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doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0347.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31288916" target="_blank">31288916</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6637663" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31068690">Clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of X-linked hypophosphataemia.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Haffner D,
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Emma F,
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Eastwood DM,
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Biosse Duplan M,
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Bacchetta J,
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Schnabel D,
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Wicart P,
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Bockenhauer D,
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Santos F,
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Levtchenko E,
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Harvengt P,
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Kirchhoff M,
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Di Rocco F,
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Chaussain C,
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Brandi ML,
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Savendahl L,
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Briot K,
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Kamenicky P,
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Rejnmark L,
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Linglart A</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Nephrol</span>
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2019 Jul;15(7):435-455.
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doi: 10.1038/s41581-019-0152-5.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31068690" target="_blank">31068690</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7136170" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22149697">Evaluation and treatment of disorders of the infrapatellar fat pad.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dragoo JL,
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Johnson C,
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McConnell J</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sports Med</span>
|
||
2012 Jan 1;42(1):51-67.
|
||
doi: 10.2165/11595680-000000000-00000.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22149697" target="_blank">22149697</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (495)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30517043">Effects of selective strengthening of tibialis posterior and stretching of iliopsoas on navicular drop, dynamic balance, and lower limb muscle activity in pronated feet: A randomized clinical trial.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Alam F,
|
||
Raza S,
|
||
Moiz JA,
|
||
Bhati P,
|
||
Anwer S,
|
||
Alghadir A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Phys Sportsmed</span>
|
||
2019 Sep;47(3):301-311.
|
||
Epub 2018 Dec 5
|
||
doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1553466.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30517043" target="_blank">30517043</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30300405">The long-term use of foot orthoses affects walking kinematics and kinetics of children with flexible flat feet: A randomized controlled trial.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jafarnezhadgero A,
|
||
Madadi-Shad M,
|
||
Alavi-Mehr SM,
|
||
Granacher U</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">PLoS One</span>
|
||
2018;13(10):e0205187.
|
||
Epub 2018 Oct 9
|
||
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205187.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30300405" target="_blank">30300405</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6177172" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28946786">Preaxial polydactyly of the foot.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Burger EB,
|
||
Baas M,
|
||
Hovius SER,
|
||
Hoogeboom AJM,
|
||
van Nieuwenhoven CA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Orthop</span>
|
||
2018 Feb;89(1):113-118.
|
||
Epub 2017 Sep 26
|
||
doi: 10.1080/17453674.2017.1383097.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28946786" target="_blank">28946786</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5810818" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27257098">Achondroplasia: Really rhizomelic?</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shelmerdine SC,
|
||
Brittain H,
|
||
Arthurs OJ,
|
||
Calder AD</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
|
||
2016 Aug;170(8):2039-43.
|
||
Epub 2016 Jun 3
|
||
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37776.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27257098" target="_blank">27257098</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18554391">Brachydactyly.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Temtamy SA,
|
||
Aglan MS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
|
||
2008 Jun 13;3:15.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-3-15.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/18554391" target="_blank">18554391</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2441618" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6205)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35418316">Polydactyly of the fetal foot: A case report and review of the literature.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Benjamin I,
|
||
Johns R,
|
||
Oseji O,
|
||
Anderson T,
|
||
Mercardo F,
|
||
Arruana V,
|
||
Yancey J,
|
||
Bogojevic A,
|
||
Bainbridge R,
|
||
Toner L,
|
||
Gaither K</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Natl Med Assoc</span>
|
||
2022 Aug;114(4):406-411.
|
||
Epub 2022 Apr 11
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2022.03.001.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35418316" target="_blank">35418316</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34379076">Bright Red Macules of the Lower Legs.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">O'Connell KA,
|
||
Min MS,
|
||
LaChance AH</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Dermatol</span>
|
||
2021 Sep 1;157(9):1118-1119.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.2980.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34379076" target="_blank">34379076</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31787159">Radial Ray Malformation.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM),
|
||
Gandhi M,
|
||
Rac MWF,
|
||
McKinney J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Obstet Gynecol</span>
|
||
2019 Dec;221(6):B16-B18.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.09.024.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31787159" target="_blank">31787159</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30540873">Overview of Metatarsalgia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Charen DA,
|
||
Markowitz JS,
|
||
Cheung ZB,
|
||
Matijakovich DJ,
|
||
Chan JJ,
|
||
Vulcano E</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orthopedics</span>
|
||
2019 Jan 1;42(1):e138-e143.
|
||
Epub 2018 Dec 13
|
||
doi: 10.3928/01477447-20181206-06.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30540873" target="_blank">30540873</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24656395">Holt-Oram syndrome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Goldfarb CA,
|
||
Wall LB</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Hand Surg Am</span>
|
||
2014 Aug;39(8):1646-8.
|
||
Epub 2014 Mar 20
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.02.015.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24656395" target="_blank">24656395</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6715)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36988565">The combined effect of short foot exercises and orthosis in symptomatic flexible flatfoot: a randomized controlled trial.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elsayed W,
|
||
Alotaibi S,
|
||
Shaheen A,
|
||
Farouk M,
|
||
Farrag A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Phys Rehabil Med</span>
|
||
2023 Jun;59(3):396-405.
|
||
Epub 2023 Mar 29
|
||
doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.23.07846-2.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36988565" target="_blank">36988565</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10272929" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36526555">A comprehensive exercise program improves foot alignment in people with flexible flat foot: a randomised trial.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Brijwasi T,
|
||
Borkar P</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Physiother</span>
|
||
2023 Jan;69(1):42-46.
|
||
Epub 2022 Dec 14
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2022.11.011.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36526555" target="_blank">36526555</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36056081">Neuromuscular exercise in children with Down Syndrome: a systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rodríguez-Grande EI,
|
||
Vargas-Pinilla OC,
|
||
Torres-Narvaez MR,
|
||
Rodríguez-Malagón N</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
|
||
2022 Sep 2;12(1):14988.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19086-8.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36056081" target="_blank">36056081</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9440024" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34844639">Evidence for foot orthoses for adults with flatfoot: a systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Herchenröder M,
|
||
Wilfling D,
|
||
Steinhäuser J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Foot Ankle Res</span>
|
||
2021 Nov 29;14(1):57.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00499-z.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34844639" target="_blank">34844639</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8628393" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31787159">Radial Ray Malformation.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM),
|
||
Gandhi M,
|
||
Rac MWF,
|
||
McKinney J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Obstet Gynecol</span>
|
||
2019 Dec;221(6):B16-B18.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.09.024.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31787159" target="_blank">31787159</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2628)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34545558">Persistent sciatic vein.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Büyükertan M,
|
||
Söztanacı US,
|
||
Balcıoğlu HA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Folia Morphol (Warsz)</span>
|
||
2022;81(4):1062-1065.
|
||
Epub 2021 Sep 21
|
||
doi: 10.5603/FM.a2021.0091.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34545558" target="_blank">34545558</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30418269">Congenital Tibial Deficiency.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Litrenta J,
|
||
Young M,
|
||
Birch JG,
|
||
Oetgen ME</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Orthop Surg</span>
|
||
2019 Mar 15;27(6):e268-e279.
|
||
doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00838.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30418269" target="_blank">30418269</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19712883">Skewfoot.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hagmann S,
|
||
Dreher T,
|
||
Wenz W</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Foot Ankle Clin</span>
|
||
2009 Sep;14(3):409-34.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2009.06.003.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19712883" target="_blank">19712883</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18554391">Brachydactyly.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Temtamy SA,
|
||
Aglan MS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
|
||
2008 Jun 13;3:15.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-3-15.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/18554391" target="_blank">18554391</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2441618" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4553746">Congenital dislocation of the hip.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Trevor D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann R Coll Surg Engl</span>
|
||
1972 Apr;50(4):213-37.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4553746" target="_blank">4553746</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2388064" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3171)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37379736">Effects of short foot exercise combined with lower extremity training on dynamic foot function in individuals with flexible flatfoot: A randomized controlled trial.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Utsahachant N,
|
||
Sakulsriprasert P,
|
||
Sinsurin K,
|
||
Jensen MP,
|
||
Sungkue S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gait Posture</span>
|
||
2023 Jul;104:109-115.
|
||
Epub 2023 Jun 22
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.06.013.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37379736" target="_blank">37379736</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30517043">Effects of selective strengthening of tibialis posterior and stretching of iliopsoas on navicular drop, dynamic balance, and lower limb muscle activity in pronated feet: A randomized clinical trial.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Alam F,
|
||
Raza S,
|
||
Moiz JA,
|
||
Bhati P,
|
||
Anwer S,
|
||
Alghadir A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Phys Sportsmed</span>
|
||
2019 Sep;47(3):301-311.
|
||
Epub 2018 Dec 5
|
||
doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1553466.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30517043" target="_blank">30517043</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30418269">Congenital Tibial Deficiency.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Litrenta J,
|
||
Young M,
|
||
Birch JG,
|
||
Oetgen ME</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Orthop Surg</span>
|
||
2019 Mar 15;27(6):e268-e279.
|
||
doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00838.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30418269" target="_blank">30418269</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30300405">The long-term use of foot orthoses affects walking kinematics and kinetics of children with flexible flat feet: A randomized controlled trial.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jafarnezhadgero A,
|
||
Madadi-Shad M,
|
||
Alavi-Mehr SM,
|
||
Granacher U</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">PLoS One</span>
|
||
2018;13(10):e0205187.
|
||
Epub 2018 Oct 9
|
||
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205187.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30300405" target="_blank">30300405</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6177172" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3786004">Torsional deformity.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Staheli LT</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
|
||
1986 Dec;33(6):1373-83.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36148-x.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3786004" target="_blank">3786004</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4050)</a></div></div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln">
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35871320">The effects of short foot exercises to treat flat foot deformity: A systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hara S,
|
||
Kitano M,
|
||
Kudo S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil</span>
|
||
2023;36(1):21-33.
|
||
doi: 10.3233/BMR-210374.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35871320" target="_blank">35871320</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36056081">Neuromuscular exercise in children with Down Syndrome: a systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rodríguez-Grande EI,
|
||
Vargas-Pinilla OC,
|
||
Torres-Narvaez MR,
|
||
Rodríguez-Malagón N</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
|
||
2022 Sep 2;12(1):14988.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19086-8.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36056081" target="_blank">36056081</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9440024" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35886097">Risk Factors of Flatfoot in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Xu L,
|
||
Gu H,
|
||
Zhang Y,
|
||
Sun T,
|
||
Yu J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Environ Res Public Health</span>
|
||
2022 Jul 6;19(14)
|
||
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148247.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35886097" target="_blank">35886097</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9319536" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34844639">Evidence for foot orthoses for adults with flatfoot: a systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Herchenröder M,
|
||
Wilfling D,
|
||
Steinhäuser J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Foot Ankle Res</span>
|
||
2021 Nov 29;14(1):57.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00499-z.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34844639" target="_blank">34844639</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8628393" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30718234">Clinical risk factors for Achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">van der Vlist AC,
|
||
Breda SJ,
|
||
Oei EHG,
|
||
Verhaar JAN,
|
||
de Vos RJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Sports Med</span>
|
||
2019 Nov;53(21):1352-1361.
|
||
Epub 2019 Feb 4
|
||
doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099991.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30718234" target="_blank">30718234</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6837257" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (141)</a></div></div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Abnormality%20of%20the%20lower%20limb%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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