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<meta name="keywords" content="C0700292, arterial hypoxemia, finding, hypoxemia, hypoxia, low blood oxygen level, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="An abnormally low level of blood oxygen." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=152145
ConceptID=C0700292
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Hypoxemia</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>152145</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0700292</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Arterial hypoxemia</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Hypoxemia (389087006); Arterial hypoxemia (389087006)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0012418">HP:0012418</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">An abnormally low level of blood oxygen. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Hypoxemia</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866322" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the respiratory system">Abnormality of the respiratory system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/220360" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal respiratory system physiology">Abnormal respiratory system physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/635138" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal blood gas level">Abnormal blood gas level</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/663395" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal blood oxygen level">Abnormal blood oxygen level</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Hypoxemia</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/822897" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fetal Hypoxemia">Fetal Hypoxemia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/758908" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nocturnal hypoxemia">Nocturnal hypoxemia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/637029" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Orthodeoxia">Orthodeoxia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/894519" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Oxygen desaturation on exertion">Oxygen desaturation on exertion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1814132" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Silent hypoxemia">Silent hypoxemia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_287"><div><strong>Hb SS disease</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>287</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0002895</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by intermittent vaso-occlusive events and chronic hemolytic anemia. Vaso-occlusive events result in tissue ischemia leading to acute and chronic pain as well as organ damage that can affect any organ system, including the bones, spleen, liver, brain, lungs, kidneys, and joints. Dactylitis (pain and/or swelling of the hands or feet) is often the earliest manifestation of SCD. In children, the spleen can become engorged with blood cells in a "splenic sequestration." The spleen is particularly vulnerable to infarction and the majority of individuals with SCD who are not on hydroxyurea or transfusion therapy become functionally asplenic in early childhood, increasing their risk for certain types of bacterial infections, primarily encapsulated organisms. Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of mortality in SCD. Chronic hemolysis can result in varying degrees of anemia, jaundice, cholelithiasis, and delayed growth and sexual maturation as well as activating pathways that contribute to the pathophysiology directly. Individuals with the highest rates of hemolysis are at higher risk for pulmonary artery hypertension, priapism, and leg ulcers and may be relatively protected from vaso-occlusive pain.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/287">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_96019"><div><strong>Hyper-IgM syndrome type 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96019</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0398689</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">X-linked hyper IgM syndrome (HIGM1), a disorder of abnormal T- and B-cell function, is characterized by low serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgE with normal or elevated serum concentrations of IgM. Mitogen proliferation may be normal, but NK- and T-cell cytotoxicity can be impaired. Antigen-specific responses are usually decreased or absent. Total numbers of B cells are normal but there is a marked reduction of class-switched memory B cells. Defective oxidative burst of both neutrophils and macrophages has been reported. The range of clinical findings varies, even within the same family. More than 50% of males with HIGM1 develop symptoms by age one year, and more than 90% are symptomatic by age four years. HIGM1 usually presents in infancy with recurrent upper- and lower-respiratory tract bacterial infections, opportunistic infections including Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, and recurrent or protracted diarrhea that can be infectious or noninfectious and is associated with failure to thrive. Neutropenia is common; thrombocytopenia and anemia are less commonly seen. Autoimmune and/or inflammatory disorders (such as sclerosing cholangitis) as well as increased risk for neoplasms have been reported as medical complications of this disorder. Significant neurologic complications, often the result of a CNS infection, are seen in 5%-15% of affected males. Liver disease, a serious complication of HIGM1 once observed in more than 80% of affected males by age 20 years, may be decreasing with adequate screening and treatment of Cryptosporidium infection.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96019">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_163897"><div><strong>Diffuse panbronchiolitis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>163897</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0878555</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a rare chronic inflammatory obstructive pulmonary disease primarily affecting the respiratory bronchioles. 'Diffuse' refers to the distribution of the lesions throughout both lungs, and 'pan-' refers to the involvement of inflammation in all layers of the respiratory bronchioles. Onset of the disorder occurs in the second to fifth decade of life, and is clinically manifest by chronic cough, exertional dyspnea, and sputum production. Most patients also have chronic paranasal sinusitis. If untreated, the disorder progresses to bronchiectasis, respiratory failure, and death (summary by Poletti et al., 2006).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/163897">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_340586"><div><strong>Bailey-Bloch congenital myopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>340586</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1850625</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">STAC3 disorder is characterized by congenital myopathy, musculoskeletal involvement of the trunk and extremities, feeding difficulties, and delayed motor milestones. Most affected individuals have weakness with myopathic facies, scoliosis, kyphosis or kyphoscoliosis, and contractures. Other common findings are ptosis, abnormalities of the palate (including cleft palate), and short stature. Risk for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility and restrictive lung disease are increased. Intellect is typically normal. Originally described in individuals from the Lumbee Native American tribe (an admixture of Cheraw Indian, English, and African American ancestry) in the state of North Carolina and reported as Native American myopathy, STAC3 disorder has now been identified in numerous other populations worldwide.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/340586">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_369694"><div><strong>Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>369694</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1970269</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">NKX2-1-related disorders range from benign hereditary chorea (BHC) to choreoathetosis, congenital hypothyroidism, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (also known as brain-lung-thyroid syndrome). Childhood-onset chorea, the hallmark feature of NKX2-1-related disorders, may or may not be associated with pulmonary disease or congenital hypothyroidism. Age of onset of chorea varies from early infancy (most commonly) to late childhood or adolescence and may progress into the second decade, after which it remains static or (rarely) remits. Pulmonary disease, the second most common manifestation, can include respiratory distress syndrome in neonates, interstitial lung disease in young children, and pulmonary fibrosis in older individuals. The risk for pulmonary carcinoma is increased in young adults with NKX2-1-related disorders. Thyroid dysfunction, occurring as a result of thyroid dysgenesis, can present as congenital or compensated hypothyroidism. In one review, 50% of affected individuals had the full brain-lung-thyroid syndrome, 30% had brain and thyroid involvement only, and 13% had chorea only.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/369694">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_410074"><div><strong>Interstitial lung disease due to ABCA3 deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>410074</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1970456</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunction, see SMDP1 (265120).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/410074">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_410078"><div><strong>Surfactant metabolism dysfunction, pulmonary, 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>410078</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1970470</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunction-2 (SMDP2) is a rare autosomal dominant disease associated with progressive respiratory insufficiency and lung disease with a variable clinical course. The pathophysiology of the disorder is postulated to involve intracellular accumulation of a structurally defective SPC protein (Thomas et al., 2002).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunction, see SMDP1 (265120).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/410078">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_410079"><div><strong>Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>410079</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1970472</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a pathologic entity characterized by intraalveolar surfactant accumulation. There are 3 clinically distinct forms: hereditary (usually congenital), secondary, and acquired. The acquired form of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is the most common form, accounting for approximately 90% of cases. The mean age at diagnosis is 39 years and it is associated with smoking in 72% of cases. The estimated incidence and prevalence are 0.36 and 3.70 cases per million, respectively (Trapnell et al., 2003; Seymour and Presneill, 2002).&#13; Secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis develops in association with conditions involving functional impairment or reduced numbers of alveolar macrophages. Such conditions include some hematologic cancers, pharmacologic immunosuppression, inhalation of inorganic dust or toxic fumes, and certain infections. Congenital pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare, severe, often fatal disorder of newborns associated with pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunction caused by mutations in genes involved in surfactant metabolism (see, e.g., SMDP1, 265120) (Trapnell et al., 2003).&#13; See 300770 for information on congenital PAP due to CSF2RA (306250) deficiency.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/410079">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_436694"><div><strong>Sarcoidosis, susceptibility to, 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>436694</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2676468</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any sarcoidosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BTNL2 gene.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/436694">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_394568"><div><strong>Sarcoidosis, susceptibility to, 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>394568</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2697310</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any sarcoidosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HLA-DRB1 gene.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/394568">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_895551"><div><strong>Severe early-onset pulmonary alveolar proteinosis due to MARS deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>895551</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4225400</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Interstitial lung and liver disease is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by onset of respiratory insufficiency and progressive liver disease in infancy or early childhood. Pathologic examination of lung lavage is consistent with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (summary by Hadchouel et al., 2015).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/895551">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1643786"><div><strong>Telangiectasia, hereditary hemorrhagic, type 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1643786</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551861</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is characterized by the presence of multiple arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) that lack intervening capillaries and result in direct connections between arteries and veins. The most common clinical manifestation is spontaneous and recurrent nosebleeds (epistaxis) beginning on average at age 12 years. Telangiectases (small AVMs) are characteristically found on the lips, tongue, buccal and gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa, face, and fingers. The appearance of telangiectases is generally later than epistaxis but may be during childhood. Large AVMs occur most often in the lungs, liver, or brain; complications from bleeding or shunting may be sudden and catastrophic. A minority of individuals with HHT have GI bleeding, which is rarely seen before age 50 years.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1643786">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1794285"><div><strong>Central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital, 1, with or without Hirschsprung disease</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1794285</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5562075</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) represents the extreme manifestation of autonomic nervous system dysregulation (ANSD) with the hallmark of disordered respiratory control. The age of initial recognition of CCHS ranges from neonatal onset (i.e., in the first 30 days of life) to (less commonly) later onset (from 1 month to adulthood). Neonatal-onset CCHS is characterized by apparent hypoventilation with monotonous respiratory rates and shallow breathing either during sleep only or while awake as well as asleep; ANSD including decreased heart rate beat-to-beat variability and sinus pauses; altered temperature regulation; and altered pupillary response to light. Some children have altered development of neural crest-derived structures (i.e., Hirschsprung disease, altered esophageal motility/dysphagia, and severe constipation even in the absence of Hirschsprung disease) and/or tumors of neural crest origin (neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, and ganglioneuroblastoma). Neurocognitive delay is variable, and possibly influenced by cyanotic breath holding, prolonged sinus pauses, need for 24-hour/day artificial ventilation, and seizures. Later-onset CCHS is characterized by alveolar hypoventilation during sleep and attenuated manifestations of ANSD.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1794285">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_410079" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_340586" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Bailey-Bloch congenital myopathy</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_369694" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1794285" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital, 1, with or without Hirschsprung disease</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_163897" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Diffuse panbronchiolitis</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (13)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_287" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hb SS disease</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_96019" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyper-IgM syndrome type 1</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_410074" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Interstitial lung disease due to ABCA3 deficiency</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_394568" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sarcoidosis, susceptibility to, 1</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_436694" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sarcoidosis, susceptibility to, 2</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_895551" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Severe early-onset pulmonary alveolar proteinosis due to MARS deficiency</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_410078" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Surfactant metabolism dysfunction, pulmonary, 2</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1643786" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Telangiectasia, hereditary hemorrhagic, type 1</a></div></span></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38432694">Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lagina M,
Valley TS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Crit Care Clin</span>
2024 Apr;40(2):235-253.
Epub 2024 Jan 25
doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2024.01.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38432694" target="_blank">38432694</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10910131" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35218742">Management of Life-Threatening Asthma: Severe Asthma Series.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Garner O,
Ramey JS,
Hanania NA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chest</span>
2022 Oct;162(4):747-756.
Epub 2022 Feb 23
doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.02.029.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35218742" target="_blank">35218742</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32538594">Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Saguil A,
Fargo MV</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am Fam Physician</span>
2020 Jun 15;101(12):730-738.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32538594" target="_blank">32538594</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22hypoxemia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (588)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38941098">Semirecumbent Positioning During Anesthesia Recovery and Postoperative Hypoxemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang X,
Guo K,
Sun J,
Yang Y,
Wu Y,
Tang X,
Xu Y,
Chen Q,
Zeng S,
Wang L,
Liu S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Netw Open</span>
2024 Jun 3;7(6):e2416797.
doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.16797.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38941098" target="_blank">38941098</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11214118" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35953220">The Physiologically Difficult Intubation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Butler K,
Winters M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Emerg Med Clin North Am</span>
2022 Aug;40(3):615-627.
Epub 2022 Jul 9
doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2022.05.011.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35953220" target="_blank">35953220</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31100375">Intermittent hypoxemia and oxidative stress in preterm infants.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Di Fiore JM,
Vento M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Respir Physiol Neurobiol</span>
2019 Aug;266:121-129.
Epub 2019 May 14
doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.05.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31100375" target="_blank">31100375</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6561791" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31001455">Explainable machine-learning predictions for the prevention of hypoxaemia during surgery.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lundberg SM,
Nair B,
Vavilala MS,
Horibe M,
Eisses MJ,
Adams T,
Liston DE,
Low DK,
Newman SF,
Kim J,
Lee SI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Biomed Eng</span>
2018 Oct;2(10):749-760.
Epub 2018 Oct 10
doi: 10.1038/s41551-018-0304-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31001455" target="_blank">31001455</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6467492" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26750680">Management of refractory hypoxemia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mehta C,
Mehta Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Card Anaesth</span>
2016 Jan-Mar;19(1):89-96.
doi: 10.4103/0971-9784.173030.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26750680" target="_blank">26750680</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4900375" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypoxemia%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6000)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39890282">Acute Lung Injury in Immunocompromised Patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Barry B,
Stewart D,
Brownback KR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Chest Med</span>
2025 Mar;46(1):105-114.
Epub 2024 Nov 16
doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2024.10.008.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39890282" target="_blank">39890282</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38432693">Diagnosis and Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Failure.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen L,
Rackley CR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Crit Care Clin</span>
2024 Apr;40(2):221-233.
Epub 2023 Dec 26
doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2023.12.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38432693" target="_blank">38432693</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31001455">Explainable machine-learning predictions for the prevention of hypoxaemia during surgery.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lundberg SM,
Nair B,
Vavilala MS,
Horibe M,
Eisses MJ,
Adams T,
Liston DE,
Low DK,
Newman SF,
Kim J,
Lee SI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Biomed Eng</span>
2018 Oct;2(10):749-760.
Epub 2018 Oct 10
doi: 10.1038/s41551-018-0304-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31001455" target="_blank">31001455</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6467492" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24679503">Hepatopulmonary syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Koch DG,
Fallon MB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Liver Dis</span>
2014 May;18(2):407-20.
Epub 2014 Feb 25
doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2014.01.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24679503" target="_blank">24679503</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/348392">Diagnosis and management of hypoxemia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Make B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Compr Ther</span>
1978 Apr;4(4):42-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/348392" target="_blank">348392</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypoxemia%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4187)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37824153">Red Blood Cell Transfusion: 2023 AABB International Guidelines.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Carson JL,
Stanworth SJ,
Guyatt G,
Valentine S,
Dennis J,
Bakhtary S,
Cohn CS,
Dubon A,
Grossman BJ,
Gupta GK,
Hess AS,
Jacobson JL,
Kaplan LJ,
Lin Y,
Metcalf RA,
Murphy CH,
Pavenski K,
Prochaska MT,
Raval JS,
Salazar E,
Saifee NH,
Tobian AAR,
So-Osman C,
Waters J,
Wood EM,
Zantek ND,
Pagano MB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
2023 Nov 21;330(19):1892-1902.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.12914.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37824153" target="_blank">37824153</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36162482">Prone Positioning for Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure and ARDS: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rampon GL,
Simpson SQ,
Agrawal R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chest</span>
2023 Feb;163(2):332-340.
Epub 2022 Sep 23
doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.09.020.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36162482" target="_blank">36162482</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27400909">Treatment of ARDS With Prone Positioning.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scholten EL,
Beitler JR,
Prisk GK,
Malhotra A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chest</span>
2017 Jan;151(1):215-224.
Epub 2016 Jul 8
doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.06.032.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27400909" target="_blank">27400909</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6026253" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22850883">The acute respiratory distress syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Matthay MA,
Ware LB,
Zimmerman GA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Invest</span>
2012 Aug;122(8):2731-40.
Epub 2012 Aug 1
doi: 10.1172/JCI60331.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22850883" target="_blank">22850883</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3408735" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7509706">The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS. Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bernard GR,
Artigas A,
Brigham KL,
Carlet J,
Falke K,
Hudson L,
Lamy M,
Legall JR,
Morris A,
Spragg R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Respir Crit Care Med</span>
1994 Mar;149(3 Pt 1):818-24.
doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.149.3.7509706.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7509706" target="_blank">7509706</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypoxemia%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4682)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35199544">Aspiration syndromes and associated lung injury: incidence, pathophysiology and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Košutova P,
Mikolka P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Physiol Res</span>
2021 Dec 30;70(Suppl4):S567-S583.
doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934767.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35199544" target="_blank">35199544</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9054185" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34153340">Pulmonary Thrombosis and Thromboembolism in COVID-19.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poor HD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chest</span>
2021 Oct;160(4):1471-1480.
Epub 2021 Jun 19
doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.06.016.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34153340" target="_blank">34153340</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8213519" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17631233">Nursing home-associated pneumonia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mylotte JM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Geriatr Med</span>
2007 Aug;23(3):553-65, vi-vii.
doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2007.02.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17631233" target="_blank">17631233</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10813206">Hyperoxia and lung disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Carvalho CR,
de Paula Pinto Schettino G,
Maranhão B,
Bethlem EP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Pulm Med</span>
1998 Sep;4(5):300-4.
doi: 10.1097/00063198-199809000-00010.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10813206" target="_blank">10813206</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7509706">The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS. Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bernard GR,
Artigas A,
Brigham KL,
Carlet J,
Falke K,
Hudson L,
Lamy M,
Legall JR,
Morris A,
Spragg R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Respir Crit Care Med</span>
1994 Mar;149(3 Pt 1):818-24.
doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.149.3.7509706.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7509706" target="_blank">7509706</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypoxemia%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3241)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35811518">Precision Medicine Approach to Alzheimer's Disease: Successful Pilot Project.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Toups K,
Hathaway A,
Gordon D,
Chung H,
Raji C,
Boyd A,
Hill BD,
Hausman-Cohen S,
Attarha M,
Chwa WJ,
Jarrett M,
Bredesen DE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Alzheimers Dis</span>
2022;88(4):1411-1421.
doi: 10.3233/JAD-215707.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35811518" target="_blank">35811518</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9484109" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35369904">The role of the fetal biophysical profile in the management of fetal growth restriction.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Baschat AA,
Galan HL,
Lee W,
DeVore GR,
Mari G,
Hobbins J,
Vintzileos A,
Platt LD,
Manning FA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Obstet Gynecol</span>
2022 Apr;226(4):475-486.
doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.01.020.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35369904" target="_blank">35369904</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34182876">Neonatal respiratory inhibition.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Minowa H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med</span>
2022 Dec;35(25):7132-7138.
Epub 2021 Jun 28
doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1944094.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34182876" target="_blank">34182876</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33180550">Mucus Plugs and Emphysema in the Pathophysiology of Airflow Obstruction and Hypoxemia in Smokers.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dunican EM,
Elicker BM,
Henry T,
Gierada DS,
Schiebler ML,
Anderson W,
Barjaktarevic I,
Barr RG,
Bleecker ER,
Boucher RC,
Bowler R,
Christenson SA,
Comellas A,
Cooper CB,
Couper D,
Criner GJ,
Dransfield M,
Doerschuk CM,
Drummond MB,
Hansel NN,
Han MK,
Hastie AT,
Hoffman EA,
Krishnan JA,
Lazarus SC,
Martinez FJ,
McCulloch CE,
O'Neal WK,
Ortega VE,
Paine R 3rd,
Peters S,
Schroeder JD,
Woodruff PG,
Fahy JV</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Respir Crit Care Med</span>
2021 Apr 15;203(8):957-968.
doi: 10.1164/rccm.202006-2248OC.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33180550" target="_blank">33180550</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8048745" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29311408">Hepatic Hydrothorax.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lv Y,
Han G,
Fan D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Hepatol</span>
2018 January-February;17(1):33-46.
doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.7533.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29311408" target="_blank">29311408</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypoxemia%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3789)</a></div></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37706375">Choosing the correct-sized adult double-lumen tube: Quest for the holy grail.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shah SB,
Hariharan U,
Chawla R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Card Anaesth</span>
2023 Apr-Jun;26(2):124-132.
doi: 10.4103/aca.aca_140_22.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37706375" target="_blank">37706375</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10284481" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35983054">Phosgene-Induced acute lung injury: Approaches for mechanism-based treatment strategies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cao C,
Zhang L,
Shen J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Immunol</span>
2022;13:917395.
Epub 2022 Aug 2
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917395.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35983054" target="_blank">35983054</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9378823" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35688435">Osteoporosis in COPD patients: Risk factors and pulmonary rehabilitation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Li Y,
Gao H,
Zhao L,
Wang J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Respir J</span>
2022 Jul;16(7):487-496.
Epub 2022 Jun 10
doi: 10.1111/crj.13514.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35688435" target="_blank">35688435</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9329018" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28763554">Does This Child Have Pneumonia?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shah SN,
Bachur RG,
Simel DL,
Neuman MI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
2017 Aug 1;318(5):462-471.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.9039.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28763554" target="_blank">28763554</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17494825">Pulmonary Rehabilitation: Joint ACCP/AACVPR Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ries AL,
Bauldoff GS,
Carlin BW,
Casaburi R,
Emery CF,
Mahler DA,
Make B,
Rochester CL,
Zuwallack R,
Herrerias C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chest</span>
2007 May;131(5 Suppl):4S-42S.
doi: 10.1378/chest.06-2418.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17494825" target="_blank">17494825</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypoxemia%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (193)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Hypoxemia" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22hypoxemia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Hypoxemia%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Hypoxemia" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li></ul></div>
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