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<meta name="keywords" content="C0265998, absent nails, ann - anonychia, anonychia, anonychia congenita, anonychia congenita totalis, anonychia totalis, anonychia/hyponychia congenita, aplastic nails, complete absence of all fingernails (anonychia), congenital, congenital abnormality, congenital absence of nails (anonychia), congenital absent nails, hyponychia congenita, isolated congenital anonychia caused by mutation in rspo4, nail disorder, nonsyndromic congenital, 4, nail disorder, nonsyndromic congenital, type 4, ndnc4, nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 4, nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder type 4, rspo4, rspo4 isolated congenital anonychia, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Congenital anonychia is defined as the absence of fingernails and toenails. Anonychia and its milder phenotypic variant, hyponychia, usually occur as a feature of genetic syndromes, in association with significant skeletal and limb anomalies. Isolated nonsyndromic congenital anonychia/hyponychia is a rare entity that usually follows autosomal recessive inheritance with variable expression, even within a given family. The nail phenotypes observed range from no nail field to a nail field of reduced size with an absent or rudimentary nail (summary by Bruchle et al., 2008). This form of nail disorder is referred to here as nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder-4 (NDNC4).&#13; For a list of other nonsyndromic congenital nail disorders and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity, see NDNC1 (161050)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=120563
ConceptID=C0265998
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Anonychia<span class="h1sub">(NDNC4)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120563</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0265998</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Anonychia Congenita; ANONYCHIA TOTALIS; ANONYCHIA/HYPONYCHIA CONGENITA; Hyponychia congenita; NAIL DISORDER, NONSYNDROMIC CONGENITAL, 4; NDNC4</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Congenital absent nails (23610003); ANN - Anonychia (23610003); Anonychia (23610003)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141025"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141025</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0441748</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).</div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141025" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="RSPO4 - ID: 343637 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/343637" class="medgenPMinfo">RSPO4</a> (20p13)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001798">HP:0001798</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008798" target="_blank">MONDO:0008798</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/206800" target="_blank">206800</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=94150">ORPHA94150</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Congenital anonychia is defined as the absence of fingernails and toenails. Anonychia and its milder phenotypic variant, hyponychia, usually occur as a feature of genetic syndromes, in association with significant skeletal and limb anomalies. Isolated nonsyndromic congenital anonychia/hyponychia is a rare entity that usually follows autosomal recessive inheritance with variable expression, even within a given family. The nail phenotypes observed range from no nail field to a nail field of reduced size with an absent or rudimentary nail (summary by Bruchle et al., 2008). This form of nail disorder is referred to here as nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder-4 (NDNC4).&#13; For a list of other nonsyndromic congenital nail disorders and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity, see NDNC1 (161050). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_description">Additional description</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />Anonychia congenita is a condition that affects the fingernails and toenails. Individuals with this condition are typically missing all of their fingernails and toenails (anonychia). This absence of nails is noticeable from birth (congenital). In some cases, only part of the nail is missing (hyponychia) or not all fingers and toes are affected. All of the other tissues at the tips of the fingers and toes, including structures that usually support the nail and its growth (such as the nail bed), are normal.<br /><br />Individuals with anonychia congenita do not have any other health problems related to the condition.  <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/anonychia-congenita">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/anonychia-congenita</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_808205"><div><strong>Growth abnormality</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>808205</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0262361</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/808205">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Growth%20abnormality%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20808205%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_120563"><div><strong>Anonychia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120563</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0265998</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital anonychia is defined as the absence of fingernails and toenails. Anonychia and its milder phenotypic variant, hyponychia, usually occur as a feature of genetic syndromes, in association with significant skeletal and limb anomalies. Isolated nonsyndromic congenital anonychia/hyponychia is a rare entity that usually follows autosomal recessive inheritance with variable expression, even within a given family. The nail phenotypes observed range from no nail field to a nail field of reduced size with an absent or rudimentary nail (summary by Bruchle et al., 2008). This form of nail disorder is referred to here as nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder-4 (NDNC4).&#13; For a list of other nonsyndromic congenital nail disorders and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity, see NDNC1 (161050).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/120563">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anonychia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20120563%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the integument</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_120563" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anonychia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_808205" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Growth abnormality</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0265998[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=120563">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=120563" ref="ncbi_uid=120563">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Anonychia</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871273" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the integument">Abnormality of the integument</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869100" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal skin adnexa morphology">Abnormal skin adnexa morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/163115" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal nail morphology">Abnormal nail morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/347794" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the nails">Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the nails</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Anonychia</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/336718" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Absent fingernail">Absent fingernail</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866571" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Absent fifth fingernail">Absent fifth fingernail</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1814103" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Absent second fingernail">Absent second fingernail</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868455" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Absent thumbnail">Absent thumbnail</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_10257"><div><strong>Nail-patella syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10257</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0027341</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) (previously referred to as Fong's disease), encompasses the classic clinical tetrad of changes in the nails, knees, and elbows, and the presence of iliac horns. Nail changes are the most constant feature of NPS. Nails may be absent, hypoplastic, or dystrophic; ridged longitudinally or horizontally; pitted; discolored; separated into two halves by a longitudinal cleft or ridge of skin; and thin or (less often) thickened. The patellae may be small, irregularly shaped, or absent. Elbow abnormalities may include limitation of extension, pronation, and supination; cubitus valgus; and antecubital pterygia. Iliac horns are bilateral, conical, bony processes that project posteriorly and laterally from the central part of the iliac bones of the pelvis. Renal involvement, first manifest as proteinuria with or without hematuria, occurs in 30%-50% of affected individuals; end-stage kidney disease occurs up to 15% of affected individuals. Primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension occur at increased frequency and at a younger age than in the general population.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10257">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_65088"><div><strong>Fryns syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65088</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0220730</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Fryns syndrome is characterized by diaphragmatic defects (diaphragmatic hernia, eventration, hypoplasia, or agenesis); characteristic facial appearance (coarse facies, wide-set eyes, a wide and depressed nasal bridge with a broad nasal tip, long philtrum, low-set and anomalous ears, tented vermilion of the upper lip, wide mouth, and a small jaw); short distal phalanges of the fingers and toes (the nails may also be small); pulmonary hypoplasia; and associated anomalies (polyhydramnios, cloudy corneas and/or microphthalmia, orofacial clefting, renal dysplasia / renal cortical cysts, and/or malformations involving the brain, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, and/or genitalia). Survival beyond the neonatal period is rare. Data on postnatal growth and psychomotor development are limited; however, severe developmental delay and intellectual disability are common.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65088">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_120563"><div><strong>Anonychia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120563</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0265998</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital anonychia is defined as the absence of fingernails and toenails. Anonychia and its milder phenotypic variant, hyponychia, usually occur as a feature of genetic syndromes, in association with significant skeletal and limb anomalies. Isolated nonsyndromic congenital anonychia/hyponychia is a rare entity that usually follows autosomal recessive inheritance with variable expression, even within a given family. The nail phenotypes observed range from no nail field to a nail field of reduced size with an absent or rudimentary nail (summary by Bruchle et al., 2008). This form of nail disorder is referred to here as nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder-4 (NDNC4).&#13; For a list of other nonsyndromic congenital nail disorders and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity, see NDNC1 (161050).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/120563">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_90977"><div><strong>Symphalangism-brachydactyly syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>90977</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0342282</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Multiple synostoses syndrome is characterized by multiple joint fusions, usually commencing in the hands, conductive deafness, and characteristic facial features, including a broad, tubular-shaped nose and a thin upper vermilion. Other features include brachydactyly, hypoplastic or absent middle phalanges, radial head dislocation, and pectus carinatum (summary by Takahashi et al., 2001).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Multiple Synostoses Syndrome&#13; Other forms of multiple synostoses syndrome include SYNS2 (610017), caused by mutation in the GDF5 gene (601146) on chromosome 20q11; SYNS3 (612961), caused by mutation in the FGF9 gene (600921) on chromosome 13q12; and SYNS4 (617898), caused by mutation in the GDF6 gene (601147) on chromosome 8q22.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/90977">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_98032"><div><strong>Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98032</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0406709</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The TP63-related disorders comprise six overlapping phenotypes: Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate (AEC) syndrome (which includes Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome). Acro-dermo-ungual-lacrimal-tooth (ADULT) syndrome. Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate syndrome 3 (EEC3). Limb-mammary syndrome. Split-hand/foot malformation type 4 (SHFM4). Isolated cleft lip/cleft palate (orofacial cleft 8). Individuals typically have varying combinations of ectodermal dysplasia (hypohidrosis, nail dysplasia, sparse hair, tooth abnormalities), cleft lip/palate, split-hand/foot malformation/syndactyly, lacrimal duct obstruction, hypopigmentation, hypoplastic breasts and/or nipples, and hypospadias. Findings associated with a single phenotype include ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (tissue strands that completely or partially fuse the upper and lower eyelids), skin erosions especially on the scalp associated with areas of scarring, and alopecia, trismus, and excessive freckling.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98032">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_208648"><div><strong>DOORS syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>208648</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0795934</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">TBC1D24-related disorders comprise a continuum of features that were originally described as distinct, recognized phenotypes: DOORS syndrome (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation, and seizures), with profound sensorineural hearing loss, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, intellectual disability / developmental delay, and seizures; familial infantile myoclonic epilepsy (FIME), with early-onset myoclonic seizures, focal epilepsy, dysarthria, and mild-to-moderate intellectual disability; progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME), with action myoclonus, tonic-clonic seizures, ataxia, and progressive neurologic decline; rolandic epilepsy with paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia and writer's cramp (EPRPDC); developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE), including epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS); autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNB); and autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNA).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/208648">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_810673"><div><strong>Jawad syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>810673</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0796063</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Jawad syndrome (JWDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital microcephaly, moderately to severely impaired intellectual development, and digital malformations including phalangeal joint swelling, clinodactyly, polydactyly, syndactyly, and total absence of nails (summary by Qvist et al., 2011).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/810673">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_208666"><div><strong>Odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>208666</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0796093</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Odontoonychodermal dysplasia (OODD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dry hair, severe hypodontia, smooth tongue with marked reduction of fungiform and filiform papillae, onychodysplasia, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, hypo- and hyperhidrosis of the skin, and atrophic patches on the face (summary by Adaimy et al., 2007; Yu et al., 2019).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/208666">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_376067"><div><strong>Symphalangism, distal, with microdontia, dental pulp stones, and narrowed zygomatic arch</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376067</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1847185</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376067">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_336388"><div><strong>Schinzel phocomelia syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>336388</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848651</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild/Schinzel phocomelia syndrome (AARRS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe malformations of upper and lower limbs with severely hypoplastic pelvis and abnormal genitalia. The disorder is believed to represent a defect of dorsoventral patterning and outgrowth of limbs (summary by Kantaputra et al., 2010).&#13; Overlapping limb reduction syndromes, less severe in nature, that are also caused by homozygous mutation in the WNT7A gene include Fuhrmann syndrome (228930), characterized by fibular aplasia or hypoplasia, femoral bowing, and poly-, syn-, and oligodactyly, and Santos syndrome (228930), characterized by fibular agenesis/hypoplasia, oligodactylous clubfeet, and anonychia/nail hypoplasia.&#13; Al-Qattan et al. (2013) stated that AARRS and Fuhrmann syndrome can be differentiated by the following features, which are seen only in AARRS: complete aplasia of 1 or both lower limbs, and absent elbow with radiohumeral synostosis. In addition, the number of digits per hand is 1 to 3 in AARRS, whereas there are 4 to 5 digits in Fuhrmann syndrome.&#13; 'Phocomelia' refers to an intercalary limb defect with the hand or foot being directly attached to the humerus or femur (absent zeugopod) or directly attached to the trunk (absent stylopod and zeugopod). AlQattan et al. (2013) stated that the limb defect observed in Schinzel phocomelia syndrome represents 'true' phocomelia, whereas the limb defect in AARRS is an 'apparent' phocomelia, in which there is absent ulna with radiohumeral synostosis. The authors described 3 radiologic features that define 'apparent' phocomelia: a single arm/forearm bone that appears too long to be the humerus alone; a thicker cortex at the area of the radiohumeral synostosis, with or without slight angulation at the site of synostosis; and the apparently single bone resembling the humerus proximally and the radius distally. The authors also noted that phocomelia is not a feature of the allelic disorder Fuhrmann syndrome (228930). Other distinguishing features of Schinzel phocomelia syndrome include normal nails and dorsal hand skin; distoproximal gradient of lower limb defects, without a resultant stick-like appearance; and a characteristic large cranial defect. AlQattan et al. (2013) concluded that Schinzel phocomelia syndrome and AARRS are distinct phenotypes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/336388">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_337894"><div><strong>Bartsocas-Papas syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337894</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1849718</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Bartsocas-Papas syndrome-1 (BPS1) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by multiple popliteal pterygia, ankyloblepharon, filiform bands between the jaws, cleft lip and palate, and syndactyly. Early lethality is common, although survival into childhood and beyond has been reported (summary by Mitchell et al., 2012).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Bartsocas-Papas Syndrome&#13; Bartsocas-Papas syndrome-2 (BPS2) is caused by mutation in the CHUK gene (600664).&#13; A less severe form of popliteal pterygium syndrome (PPS; 119500) is caused by mutation in the IRF6 gene (607199).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337894">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341818"><div><strong>Yunis-Varon syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341818</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1857663</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Yunis-Varon syndrome (YVS) is a severe autosomal recessive disorder characterized by skeletal defects, including cleidocranial dysplasia and digital anomalies, and severe neurologic involvement with neuronal loss. Enlarged cytoplasmic vacuoles are found in neurons, muscle, and cartilage. The disorder is usually lethal in infancy (summary by Campeau et al., 2013).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341818">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_395226"><div><strong>Cenani-Lenz syndactyly syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>395226</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1859309</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cenani-Lenz syndactyly syndrome (CLSS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized mainly by anomalies of distal limb development, with fusion and disorganization of metacarpal and phalangeal bones, radius and ulnar shortening, radioulnar synostosis, and severe syndactyly of hands and feet. Mild facial dysmorphism is present in most patients. Kidney anomalies, including renal agenesis and hypoplasia, occur in over half of patients (summary by Li et al., 2010).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/395226">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_350018"><div><strong>Distal symphalangism</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>350018</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1861401</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Distal symphalangism is ankylosis or rigidity of the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and/or the feet (summary by Poush, 1991).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/350018">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_350585"><div><strong>Brachymorphism-onychodysplasia-dysphalangism syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>350585</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1862082</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A very rare malformation syndrome with characteristics of short stature, hypoplastic fifth digits with tiny dysplastic nails, facial dysmorphism with coarse features including a wide mouth and broad nose, and mild intellectual disability. It has been suggested that Coffin-Siris syndrome and BOD syndrome are perhaps allelic variants.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/350585">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_349432"><div><strong>Brachydactyly type B1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>349432</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1862112</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare subtype of brachydactyly type B characterized by hypoplasia or aplasia of the distal phalanges of digits 2-5 with or without nail dysplasia, in association with fusion of the middle and distal phalanges, a broad or bifid thumb, and occasionally distal and proximal symphalangism or syndactyly. The feet are less severely affected than the hands.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/349432">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_354848"><div><strong>Cooks syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>354848</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1862841</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Familial anonychia/onychodystrophy with hypoplasia or absence of distal phalanges (ODP) is a rare disorder characterized by onychodystrophy, anonychia, brachydactyly of the fifth finger, and digitalization of the thumbs, with absence or hypoplasia of the distal phalanges of the hands and feet. Generally the nails of the first to third digits are progressively deformed with total anonychia in the last 2 digits and in all toes (summary by Genzer-Nir et al., 2010).&#13; A syndrome has been described in which affected females display juvenile hypertrophy of the breast (JHB; 113670) in association with ODP, whereas males have only ODP (mammary-digital-nail syndrome; 613689).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/354848">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_354849"><div><strong>Anonychia-ectrodactyly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>354849</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1862843</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/354849">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_400144"><div><strong>Anonychia with flexural pigmentation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>400144</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1862844</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by anonychia congenita totalis or rudimentary nails, macular hyper- and/or hypopigmentation (particularly affecting groins, axillae and breasts), coarse scalp hair (that becomes markedly thinned in early adult life), dry palmoplantar skin with distorted epidermal ridges and sore, cracked soles, and hypohidrosis. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1975.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/400144">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_400622"><div><strong>Lethal acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>400622</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1864826</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Lethal acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa (EBLA) is an autosomal recessive skin disorder characterized by extensive epidermal dislodgment, universal alopecia, and anonychia. Cardiac involvement may be present. Death occurs in the neonatal period (summary by Hobbs et al., 2010).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/400622">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_360296"><div><strong>Calcaneonavicular coalition</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>360296</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1876184</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A synostosis characterized by the fusion of carpal and tarsal bones, which causes stiffness and immobility of the hands and the feet.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/360296">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_394125"><div><strong>Fontaine progeroid syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>394125</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2676780</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">SLC25A24 Fontaine progeroid syndrome is a multisystem connective tissue disorder characterized by poor growth, abnormal skeletal features, and distinctive craniofacial features with sagging, thin skin, and decreased subcutaneous fat suggesting an aged appearance that is most pronounced in infancy and improves with time. Characteristic radiographic features include turribrachycephaly with widely open anterior fontanelle, craniosynostosis, and anomalies of the terminal phalanges. Cardiovascular, genitourinary, ocular, and gastrointestinal abnormalities may also occur. To date, 13 individuals with a molecularly confirmed diagnosis of SLC25A24 Fontaine progeroid syndrome have been described.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/394125">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_414444"><div><strong>Santos syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>414444</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2751698</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Santos syndrome is characterized by short stature due to fibular agenesis or hypoplasia, clubfeet with oligodactyly, acromial dimples, limited range of motion in the forearms and/or hands, and severe nail hypoplasia or anonychia that may be associated with brachydactyly. Preaxial polydactyly has also been observed (Santos et al., 2008).&#13; Overlapping limb reduction syndromes, more severe in nature, that are also caused by homozygous mutation in the WNT7A gene include Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild syndrome (AARRS; 276820), characterized by absence of ulna and fibula with severe limb deficiency, and Fuhrmann syndrome (228930), characterized by fibular aplasia or hypoplasia, femoral bowing, and poly-, syn-, and oligodactyly.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/414444">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_462296"><div><strong>Mammary-digital-nail syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>462296</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3150946</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A syndromic limb malformation characterized by congenital onychodystrophy/anonychia, brachydactyly of the fifth finger, digitalization of the thumbs, with absence or hypoplasia of the distal phalanges of the hands and feet in association with juvenile hypertrophy of the breast with gigantomastia in peripubertal females.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/462296">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_477175"><div><strong>Nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 6</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>477175</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3275544</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital absence of the nails is a rare condition. Some pedigrees display complete congenital absence of the nails (see, e.g., NDNC4, 206800), whereas in other pedigrees there is only partial congenital anonychia, with the thumbs and great toes most severely affected and progressively less severe changes in the more lateral digits (summary by Charteris, 1918). This form of nail disorder is referred to here as nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder-6 (NDNC6).&#13; For a list of other nonsyndromic congenital nail disorders and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity, see NDNC1 (161050).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/477175">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_482831"><div><strong>Coffin-Siris syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>482831</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3281201</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) is classically characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of the distal phalanx or nail of the fifth and additional digits, developmental or cognitive delay of varying degree, distinctive facial features, hypotonia, hirsutism/hypertrichosis, and sparse scalp hair. Congenital anomalies can include malformations of the cardiac, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and/or central nervous systems. Other findings commonly include feeding difficulties, slow growth, ophthalmologic abnormalities, and hearing impairment.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/482831">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_863424"><div><strong>Nail and teeth abnormalities-marginal palmoplantar keratoderma-oral hyperpigmentation syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>863424</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4014987</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by short stature, nail dystrophy and/or nail loss, oral mucosa and/or tongue hyperpigmentation, dentition abnormalities (delayed teeth eruption, hypodontia, enamel hypoplasia), keratoderma on the margins of the palms and soles and focal hyperkeratosis on the dorsum of the hands and feet. Additionally, dysphagia with esophageal strictures, sensorineural deafness, bronchial asthma and severe iron-deficiency anemia have also been observed.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/863424">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_897567"><div><strong>Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>897567</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4225321</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Zimmerman-Laband syndrome is a developmental disorder characterized by facial dysmorphism with gingival enlargement, bulbous soft nose, and think floppy ears, nail aplasia or hypoplasia, hypertrichosis, joint hypertextensibility, hepato(spleno)megaly, and impaired intellectual development with or without epilepsy (summary by Kortum et al., 2015).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Zimmermann-Laband syndrome, see ZLS1 (135500).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/897567">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1639277"><div><strong>Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1639277</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551773</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Zimmermann-Laband syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by gingival fibromatosis, dysplastic or absent nails, hypoplasia of the distal phalanges, scoliosis, hepatosplenomegaly, hirsutism, and abnormalities of the cartilage of the nose and/or ears (summary by Balasubramanian and Parker, 2010).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Zimmermann-Laband Syndrome&#13; ZLS2 (616455) is caused by mutation in the ATP6V1B2 gene (606939) on chromosome 8p21. ZLS3 (618658) is caused by mutation in the KCNN3 gene (602983) on chromosome 1q21.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1639277">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1810975"><div><strong>Junctional epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1810975</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5676875</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia (EB-PA) is characterized by fragility of the skin and mucous membranes, manifested by blistering with little or no trauma; congenital pyloric atresia; renal and/or ureteral anomalies; and protein-losing enteropathy. The course of EB-PA is usually severe and most often lethal in the neonatal period. Those who survive may have severe blistering with formation of granulation tissue on the skin around the mouth, nose, diaper area, fingers, and toes, and internally around the trachea. However, some affected individuals have little or no blistering later in life. Additional features shared by EB-PA and the other major forms of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) include congenital localized absence of skin (aplasia cutis congenita) affecting the extremities and/or head, milia, nail dystrophy, scarring alopecia, hypotrichosis, and corneal abnormalities.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1810975">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33745635">Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta MK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Clin</span>
2021 Apr;39(2):221-230.
Epub 2021 Feb 10
doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33745635" target="_blank">33745635</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22anonychia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div></div>
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<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35325468">Description of the most severe signs in nail lichen planus: a strategy to contribute to the diagnosis of the severe stage.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ceccarelli MA,
Gavilanes-Coloma MC,
D'almeida L,
Azulay D,
Iorizzo M,
Starace M,
Haneke E,
Nakamura RC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Dermatol</span>
2022 Sep;61(9):1124-1130.
Epub 2022 Mar 24
doi: 10.1111/ijd.16167.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35325468" target="_blank">35325468</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33745635">Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta MK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Clin</span>
2021 Apr;39(2):221-230.
Epub 2021 Feb 10
doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33745635" target="_blank">33745635</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30917680">Nail Changes in Sézary Syndrome: A Single-Center Study and Review of the Literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Damasco FM,
Geskin LJ,
Akilov OE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cutan Med Surg</span>
2019 Jul/Aug;23(4):380-387.
Epub 2019 Mar 27
doi: 10.1177/1203475419839937.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30917680" target="_blank">30917680</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23432149">Dermatoscopy of nail lichen planus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nakamura R,
Broce AA,
Palencia DP,
Ortiz NI,
Leverone A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Dermatol</span>
2013 Jun;52(6):684-7.
Epub 2013 Feb 22
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05283.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23432149" target="_blank">23432149</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20926359">Brachydactyly, anonychia and a deformed nasal tip in a 16-year-old girl: a case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poerink JG,
Kon M,
van Minnen LP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg</span>
2011 Jun;64(6):822-6.
Epub 2010 Oct 6
doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2010.08.043.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20926359" target="_blank">20926359</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anonychia%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37562741">Anonychia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ng SY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr</span>
2023 Dec;263:113664.
Epub 2023 Aug 9
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113664.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37562741" target="_blank">37562741</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33745635">Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta MK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Clin</span>
2021 Apr;39(2):221-230.
Epub 2021 Feb 10
doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33745635" target="_blank">33745635</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16798430">Pigmented nail disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">André J,
Lateur N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Clin</span>
2006 Jul;24(3):329-39.
doi: 10.1016/j.det.2006.03.012.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16798430" target="_blank">16798430</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15450905">Nail dystrophies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bodman MA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Podiatr Med Surg</span>
2004 Oct;21(4):663-87, viii.
doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2004.05.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15450905" target="_blank">15450905</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7600507">Miscellaneous nail presentations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bodman MA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Podiatr Med Surg</span>
1995 Apr;12(2):327-46.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7600507" target="_blank">7600507</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anonychia%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (35)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33745635">Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta MK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Clin</span>
2021 Apr;39(2):221-230.
Epub 2021 Feb 10
doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33745635" target="_blank">33745635</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29122908">Congenital non-syndromic anonychia totalis with acroosteolysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mian A,
Jorwal P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Case Rep</span>
2017 Nov 8;2017
doi: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222743.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29122908" target="_blank">29122908</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5695398" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26761938">Scaly plaque with pustules and anonychia on the middle finger.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chandra JA,
Rajpara A,
Blackmon J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cutis</span>
2015 Dec;96(6):E1-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26761938" target="_blank">26761938</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23937119">Multiple-digit periungual Bowen's disease: a novel treatment approach with radiotherapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hunt WT,
Cameron A,
Craig P,
de Berker DA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Exp Dermatol</span>
2013 Dec;38(8):857-61.
Epub 2013 Aug 13
doi: 10.1111/ced.12149.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23937119" target="_blank">23937119</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/507861">Ungual lichen planus. Lichen planus of the nail.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scott MJ Jr,
Scott MJ Sr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dermatol</span>
1979 Oct;115(10):1197-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/507861" target="_blank">507861</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anonychia%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33336579">Nail Changes in Lichen Planus: A Single-Center Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Żychowska M,
Żychowska M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cutan Med Surg</span>
2021 May-Jun;25(3):281-285.
Epub 2020 Dec 18
doi: 10.1177/1203475420982554.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33336579" target="_blank">33336579</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26333564">RBBP8 syndrome with microcephaly, intellectual disability, short stature and brachydactyly.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mumtaz S,
Yıldız E,
Jabeen S,
Khan A,
Tolun A,
Malik S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2015 Dec;167A(12):3148-52.
Epub 2015 Sep 3
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37299.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26333564" target="_blank">26333564</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23432149">Dermatoscopy of nail lichen planus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nakamura R,
Broce AA,
Palencia DP,
Ortiz NI,
Leverone A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Dermatol</span>
2013 Jun;52(6):684-7.
Epub 2013 Feb 22
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05283.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23432149" target="_blank">23432149</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20926359">Brachydactyly, anonychia and a deformed nasal tip in a 16-year-old girl: a case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poerink JG,
Kon M,
van Minnen LP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg</span>
2011 Jun;64(6):822-6.
Epub 2010 Oct 6
doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2010.08.043.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20926359" target="_blank">20926359</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19945626">Lethal acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McGrath JA,
Bolling MC,
Jonkman MF</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Clin</span>
2010 Jan;28(1):131-5.
doi: 10.1016/j.det.2009.10.015.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19945626" target="_blank">19945626</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anonychia%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30917680">Nail Changes in Sézary Syndrome: A Single-Center Study and Review of the Literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Damasco FM,
Geskin LJ,
Akilov OE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cutan Med Surg</span>
2019 Jul/Aug;23(4):380-387.
Epub 2019 Mar 27
doi: 10.1177/1203475419839937.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30917680" target="_blank">30917680</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25088362">HYPONYCHIUM ABNORMALITIES Congenital Aberrant Hyponychium vs. Acquired Pterygium Inversum Unguis vs. Acquired Reversible Extended Hyponychium: a proposed classification based on origin, pathology and outcome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zaias N,
Escovar SX,
Zaiac MN,
Del Rio E,
Dou N,
Ricotti C,
Karai L,
Florez-White M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol</span>
2015 Jul;29(7):1427-31.
Epub 2014 Aug 4
doi: 10.1111/jdv.12632.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25088362" target="_blank">25088362</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24349440">Structures of Wnt-antagonist ZNRF3 and its complex with R-spondin 1 and implications for signaling.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Peng WC,
de Lau W,
Madoori PK,
Forneris F,
Granneman JC,
Clevers H,
Gros P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">PLoS One</span>
2013;8(12):e83110.
Epub 2013 Dec 12
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083110.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24349440" target="_blank">24349440</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3861454" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19094128">Malformations of the index nails.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hussein TP,
Brandt HR,
Gabbi TV,
Nico MM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Exp Dermatol</span>
2009 Dec;34(8):890-1.
Epub 2008 Dec 15
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.03037.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19094128" target="_blank">19094128</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15200512">Localization of a novel locus for hereditary nail dysplasia to chromosome 17q25.1-17q25.3.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rafiq MA,
Ansar M,
Pham T,
Amin-ud-Din M,
Anwar M,
Haque S,
Chahrour MH,
Yan K,
Leal SM,
Ahmad W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Genet</span>
2004 Jul;66(1):73-8.
doi: 10.1111/j.0009-9163.2004.00273.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15200512" target="_blank">15200512</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6141021" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anonychia%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (11)</a></div></div>
</div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265998%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (23)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265998%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (26)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265998%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (26)</a></total></li>
</ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=206800" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=94150" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Anonychia" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22anonychia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Anonychia%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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