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<meta name="keywords" content="C4023683, eeg with spike-wave complexes, finding, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Complexes of spikes (&lt;70 ms) and sharp waves (70-200 ms), which are sharp transient waves that have a strong association with epilepsy, in cerebral electrical activity recorded along the scalp by electroencephalography (EEG)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">EEG with spike-wave complexes</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>869259</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4023683</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0010850">HP:0010850</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Complexes of spikes (&lt;70 ms) and sharp waves (70-200 ms), which are sharp transient waves that have a strong association with epilepsy, in cerebral electrical activity recorded along the scalp by electroencephalography (EEG). [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">EEG with spike-wave complexes</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867410" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal nervous system electrophysiology">Abnormal nervous system electrophysiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868205" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of central nervous system electrophysiology">Abnormality of central nervous system electrophysiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/56235" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for EEG abnormality">EEG abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1377364" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Interictal EEG abnormality">Interictal EEG abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869073" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Interictal epileptiform activity">Interictal epileptiform activity</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869058" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for EEG with generalized epileptiform discharges">EEG with generalized epileptiform discharges</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">EEG with spike-wave complexes</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871304" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for EEG with irregular generalized spike and wave complexes">EEG with irregular generalized spike and wave complexes</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867392" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for EEG with polyspike wave complexes">EEG with polyspike wave complexes</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869260" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for EEG with spike-wave complexes (2.5-3.5 Hz)">EEG with spike-wave complexes (2.5-3.5 Hz)</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869261" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for EEG with spike-wave complexes (&lt;2.5 Hz)">EEG with spike-wave complexes (&lt;2.5 Hz)</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/892339" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for EEG with spike-wave complexes (&gt;3.5 Hz)">EEG with spike-wave complexes (&gt;3.5 Hz)</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_155923"><div><strong>Unverricht-Lundborg syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>155923</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0751785</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1(EPM1) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by onset from age six to 15 years, stimulus-sensitive myoclonus, and tonic-clonic epileptic seizures. Some years after the onset, ataxia, incoordination, intentional tremor, and dysarthria develop. Individuals with EPM1 are cognitively mostly within the normal range, but show emotional lability and depression. The epileptic seizures are usually well controlled by anti-seizure medication, but the myoclonic jerks are progressive, action activated, and treatment resistant, and can be severely disabling.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/155923">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_356142"><div><strong>Episodic ataxia type 5</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>356142</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1866039</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An extremely rare form of hereditary episodic ataxia with characteristics of recurrent episodes of vertigo and ataxia lasting several hours.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/356142">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_413424"><div><strong>Epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 9</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>413424</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2750887</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, see 600669. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a subtype of idiopathic generalized epilepsy; see 254770 for a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of JME.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/413424">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_482360"><div><strong>Familial temporal lobe epilepsy 5</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>482360</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3280730</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A temporal lobe epilepsy that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the CPA6 gene on chromosome 8q13.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/482360">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_482821"><div><strong>Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 13</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>482821</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3281191</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">SCN8A-related epilepsy and/or neurodevelopmental disorders encompasses a spectrum of phenotypes. Epilepsy phenotypes include developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) associated with severe developmental delays and usually pharmacoresistant epilepsy with multiple seizure types; mild-to-moderate developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (mild/modDEE, or intermediate epilepsy) with partially treatable epilepsy; self-limited familial infantile epilepsy (SeLFIE, also known as benign familial infantile epilepsy or BFIE) with normal cognition and medically treatable seizures; neurodevelopmental delays with generalized epilepsy (NDDwGE); and neurodevelopmental disorder without epilepsy (NDDwoE) with mild-to-moderate intellectual disability (though it can be severe in ~10% of affected individuals). Hypotonia and movement disorders including dystonia, ataxia, and choreoathetosis are common in some phenotypes. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) has been reported in some affected individuals.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/482821">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_816730"><div><strong>Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 19</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>816730</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3810400</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-19 (DEE19) is a neurologic disorder characterized by the onset of various types of seizures in the first year of life, usually between 8 and 12 months of age. Seizures are often triggered by fever, and status epilepticus may occur. Affected individuals subsequently show mildly to moderately impaired intellectual development. Brain imaging is typically normal. The clinical phenotype is similar to that of Dravet syndrome (DRVT; 607208) (summary by Carvill et al., 2014).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of DEE, see 308350.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/816730">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1681379"><div><strong>Progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 6</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1681379</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5190805</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Progressive myoclonic epilepsy-6 (EPM6) is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder characterized by onset of ataxia in the first years of life, followed by action myoclonus and seizures later in childhood, and loss of independent ambulation in the second decade. Cognition is not usually affected, although mild memory difficulties may occur in the third decade (summary by Corbett et al., 2011).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of progressive myoclonic epilepsy, see EPM1A (254800).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1681379">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1684702"><div><strong>Intellectual developmental disorder 60 with seizures</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1684702</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5231497</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder-60 with seizures is characterized by global developmental delay apparent in infancy, followed by onset of seizures in the first years of life. Patients have delayed walking, an ataxic gait, and moderately to severely impaired intellectual development with poor speech (summary by Helbig et al., 2019).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1684702">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_482821" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 13</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_816730" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 19</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_413424" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 9</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_356142" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Episodic ataxia type 5</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_482360" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial temporal lobe epilepsy 5</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1684702" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual developmental disorder 60 with seizures</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1681379" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 6</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_155923" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Unverricht-Lundborg syndrome</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35503716">ILAE definition of the Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes: Position statement by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hirsch E,
French J,
Scheffer IE,
Bogacz A,
Alsaadi T,
Sperling MR,
Abdulla F,
Zuberi SM,
Trinka E,
Specchio N,
Somerville E,
Samia P,
Riney K,
Nabbout R,
Jain S,
Wilmshurst JM,
Auvin S,
Wiebe S,
Perucca E,
Moshé SL,
Tinuper P,
Wirrell EC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsia</span>
2022 Jun;63(6):1475-1499.
Epub 2022 May 3
doi: 10.1111/epi.17236.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35503716" target="_blank">35503716</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22782255">Cerebral MRI and EEG studies in the initial management of pediatric headaches.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Martens D,
Oster I,
Gottschlling S,
Papanagiotou P,
Ziegler K,
Eymann R,
Ong MF,
Gortner L,
Meyer S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Swiss Med Wkly</span>
2012;142:w13625.
Epub 2012 Jul 10
doi: 10.4414/smw.2012.13625.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22782255" target="_blank">22782255</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19081517">Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a consensus approach on diagnosis, assessment, management, and trial methodology.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Arzimanoglou A,
French J,
Blume WT,
Cross JH,
Ernst JP,
Feucht M,
Genton P,
Guerrini R,
Kluger G,
Pellock JM,
Perucca E,
Wheless JW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Neurol</span>
2009 Jan;8(1):82-93.
doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70292-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19081517" target="_blank">19081517</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(eeg%20with%20spike-wave%20complexes)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (4)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37062196">Developmental and/or epileptic encephalopathy with spike-and-wave activation in sleep in Saudi Arabia: Electroclinical, etiologic, genetic, and outcome multicenter study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Alsini H,
Alghamdi A,
Alshafi S,
Hundallah K,
Almehmadi S,
Alsowat D,
Al-Yamani S,
Almuzaini H,
Alwadie A,
Al-Otaibi A,
Jad L,
Almadhi A,
Bashiri F,
Kentab A,
Hamad MH,
Baarmah D,
Alrifaie M,
Almuqbel M,
Baradie RA,
Meer A,
Jan M,
Muthaffar O,
Aljabri M,
Ali E,
Saeed M,
Matar A,
Tabarki B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Seizure</span>
2023 Apr;107:146-154.
Epub 2023 Apr 13
doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.04.013.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37062196" target="_blank">37062196</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29124726">The relation between cortisol and functional connectivity in people with and without stress-sensitive epilepsy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">den Heijer JM,
Otte WM,
van Diessen E,
van Campen JS,
Lorraine Hompe E,
Jansen FE,
Joels M,
Braun KPJ,
Sander JW,
Zijlmans M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsia</span>
2018 Jan;59(1):179-189.
Epub 2017 Nov 10
doi: 10.1111/epi.13947.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29124726" target="_blank">29124726</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29124439">Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a comprehensive review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Asadi-Pooya AA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurol Sci</span>
2018 Mar;39(3):403-414.
Epub 2017 Nov 9
doi: 10.1007/s10072-017-3188-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29124439" target="_blank">29124439</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11915485">Spike-wave discharge and the microstructure of sleep-wake continuum in idiopathic generalised epilepsy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Halász P,
Terzano MG,
Parrino L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurophysiol Clin</span>
2002 Jan;32(1):38-53.
doi: 10.1016/s0987-7053(01)00290-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11915485" target="_blank">11915485</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7560021">Pathophysiology of status epilepticus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fountain NB,
Lothman EW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Neurophysiol</span>
1995 Jul;12(4):326-42.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7560021" target="_blank">7560021</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22EEG%20with%20spike-wave%20complexes%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (70)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35503716">ILAE definition of the Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes: Position statement by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hirsch E,
French J,
Scheffer IE,
Bogacz A,
Alsaadi T,
Sperling MR,
Abdulla F,
Zuberi SM,
Trinka E,
Specchio N,
Somerville E,
Samia P,
Riney K,
Nabbout R,
Jain S,
Wilmshurst JM,
Auvin S,
Wiebe S,
Perucca E,
Moshé SL,
Tinuper P,
Wirrell EC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsia</span>
2022 Jun;63(6):1475-1499.
Epub 2022 May 3
doi: 10.1111/epi.17236.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35503716" target="_blank">35503716</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29124439">Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a comprehensive review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Asadi-Pooya AA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurol Sci</span>
2018 Mar;39(3):403-414.
Epub 2017 Nov 9
doi: 10.1007/s10072-017-3188-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29124439" target="_blank">29124439</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28215998">Photosensitivity in generalized epilepsies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poleon S,
Szaflarski JP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsy Behav</span>
2017 Mar;68:225-233.
Epub 2017 Feb 16
doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.10.040.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28215998" target="_blank">28215998</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/6076558">Spike-wave complexes in "normal" flying personnel.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bennett DR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aerosp Med</span>
1967 Dec;38(12):1276-82.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/6076558" target="_blank">6076558</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4157831">The morphology of the spike-wave complex.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Weir B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol</span>
1965 Sep;19(3):284-90.
doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(65)90208-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4157831" target="_blank">4157831</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22EEG%20with%20spike-wave%20complexes%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (126)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28215998">Photosensitivity in generalized epilepsies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poleon S,
Szaflarski JP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsy Behav</span>
2017 Mar;68:225-233.
Epub 2017 Feb 16
doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.10.040.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28215998" target="_blank">28215998</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26290045">The investigation of EEG specificity in epileptic children during Depakine therapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Khachidze I,
Gugushvili M,
Makashvili M,
Maloletnev V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Neurosci</span>
2016 Oct;126(10):912-21.
Epub 2015 Aug 17
doi: 10.3109/00207454.2015.1083991.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26290045" target="_blank">26290045</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20797913">Benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS): to treat or not to treat, that is the question.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hughes JR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsy Behav</span>
2010 Nov;19(3):197-203.
Epub 2010 Aug 24
doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.07.018.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20797913" target="_blank">20797913</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19632158">Absence seizures: a review of recent reports with new concepts.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hughes JR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsy Behav</span>
2009 Aug;15(4):404-12.
Epub 2009 Jul 24
doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.06.007.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19632158" target="_blank">19632158</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19081517">Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a consensus approach on diagnosis, assessment, management, and trial methodology.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Arzimanoglou A,
French J,
Blume WT,
Cross JH,
Ernst JP,
Feucht M,
Genton P,
Guerrini R,
Kluger G,
Pellock JM,
Perucca E,
Wheless JW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Neurol</span>
2009 Jan;8(1):82-93.
doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70292-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19081517" target="_blank">19081517</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22EEG%20with%20spike-wave%20complexes%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (51)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35503716">ILAE definition of the Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes: Position statement by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hirsch E,
French J,
Scheffer IE,
Bogacz A,
Alsaadi T,
Sperling MR,
Abdulla F,
Zuberi SM,
Trinka E,
Specchio N,
Somerville E,
Samia P,
Riney K,
Nabbout R,
Jain S,
Wilmshurst JM,
Auvin S,
Wiebe S,
Perucca E,
Moshé SL,
Tinuper P,
Wirrell EC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsia</span>
2022 Jun;63(6):1475-1499.
Epub 2022 May 3
doi: 10.1111/epi.17236.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35503716" target="_blank">35503716</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32299007">Quantitative characteristics of spike-wave paroxysms in genetic generalized epilepsy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zibrandtsen IC,
Nielsen JM,
Kjaer TW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Neurophysiol</span>
2020 Jun;131(6):1230-1240.
Epub 2020 Mar 23
doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.03.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32299007" target="_blank">32299007</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28555070">Absence Seizure Control by a Brain Computer Interface.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maksimenko VA,
van Heukelum S,
Makarov VV,
Kelderhuis J,
Lüttjohann A,
Koronovskii AA,
Hramov AE,
van Luijtelaar G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
2017 May 29;7(1):2487.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02626-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28555070" target="_blank">28555070</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5447660" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22704920">Diagnosis and long-term course of Dravet syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scheffer IE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Paediatr Neurol</span>
2012 Sep;16 Suppl 1:S5-8.
Epub 2012 Jun 16
doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2012.04.007.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22704920" target="_blank">22704920</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7560021">Pathophysiology of status epilepticus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fountain NB,
Lothman EW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Neurophysiol</span>
1995 Jul;12(4):326-42.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7560021" target="_blank">7560021</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22EEG%20with%20spike-wave%20complexes%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (64)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34636039">Clinical characteristics and postoperative seizure outcome in patients with mild malformation of cortical development and oligodendroglial hyperplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gaballa A,
Woermann FG,
Cloppenborg T,
Kalbhenn T,
Blümcke I,
Bien CG,
Fauser S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epilepsia</span>
2021 Dec;62(12):2920-2931.
Epub 2021 Oct 11
doi: 10.1111/epi.17084.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34636039" target="_blank">34636039</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32579307">Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A single center experience and systemic analysis of cases in Turkey.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Uslu FI,
Elif G,
Gürsoy AE,
Kolukisa M,
Yildiz GB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ideggyogy Sz</span>
2020 May 30;73(05-06):177-184.
doi: 10.18071/isz.73.0177.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32579307" target="_blank">32579307</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11915485">Spike-wave discharge and the microstructure of sleep-wake continuum in idiopathic generalised epilepsy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Halász P,
Terzano MG,
Parrino L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurophysiol Clin</span>
2002 Jan;32(1):38-53.
doi: 10.1016/s0987-7053(01)00290-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11915485" target="_blank">11915485</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10933479">A concept of consciousness.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Niedermeyer E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ital J Neurol Sci</span>
1999 Feb;20(1):7-15.
doi: 10.1007/s100720050004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10933479" target="_blank">10933479</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7560021">Pathophysiology of status epilepticus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fountain NB,
Lothman EW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Neurophysiol</span>
1995 Jul;12(4):326-42.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7560021" target="_blank">7560021</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22EEG%20with%20spike-wave%20complexes%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (79)</a></div></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30767897">EEG of asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with juvenile myoclonic, childhood absence and rolandic epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tashkandi M,
Baarma D,
Tricco AC,
Boelman C,
Alkhater R,
Minassian BA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epileptic Disord</span>
2019 Feb 1;21(1):30-41.
doi: 10.1684/epd.2019.1024.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30767897" target="_blank">30767897</a></div>
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