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<meta name="keywords" content="C4023587, abnormal cardiovascular system physiology, abnormality of cardiovascular system physiology, pathologic function, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Abnormal functionality of the cardiovascular system." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=869166
ConceptID=C4023587
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Abnormal cardiovascular system physiology</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>869166</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4023587</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Abnormality of cardiovascular system physiology</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0011025">HP:0011025</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Abnormal functionality of the cardiovascular system. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Abnormal cardiovascular system physiology</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/21047" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms">Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/18325" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathological process">Pathological process</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4347" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disease">Disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/232130" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder by Site">Disorder by Site</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2848" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder of cardiovascular system">Disorder of cardiovascular system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/116727" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the cardiovascular system">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Abnormal cardiovascular system physiology</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1381915" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cardiac atrial physiology">Abnormal cardiac atrial physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1614970" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Elevated left atrial pressure">Elevated left atrial pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/357982" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Elevated right atrial pressure">Elevated right atrial pressure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/906971" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cardiac ventricular function">Abnormal cardiac ventricular function</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/69237" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal left ventricular function">Abnormal left ventricular function</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1815067" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction">Abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1786857" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal left ventricular end-diastolic volume">Abnormal left ventricular end-diastolic volume</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1613859" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal regional left ventricular contraction">Abnormal regional left ventricular contraction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1815064" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Elevated left ventricular end-diastolic diameter">Elevated left ventricular end-diastolic diameter</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/696562" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction">Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6031" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction">Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/226908" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Left ventricular systolic dysfunction">Left ventricular systolic dysfunction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868395" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Regional left ventricular wall motion abnormality">Regional left ventricular wall motion abnormality</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/366029" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Takotsubo cardiomyopathy">Takotsubo cardiomyopathy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1769077" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal right ventricular function">Abnormal right ventricular function</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1759980" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Elevated right ventricular systolic pressure">Elevated right ventricular systolic pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1815080" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Regional right ventricular hypokinesis">Regional right ventricular hypokinesis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/65907" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Right ventricular failure">Right ventricular failure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11245" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Right ventricular outlet tract obstruction">Right ventricular outlet tract obstruction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1864112" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Right ventricular regional akinesia">Right ventricular regional akinesia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1864245" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Right ventricular regional dyskinesia">Right ventricular regional dyskinesia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1863967" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Right ventricular regional wall motion abnormality">Right ventricular regional wall motion abnormality</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870557" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal ventricular filling">Abnormal ventricular filling</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/661304" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal heart sound">Abnormal heart sound</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1644817" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal second heart sound">Abnormal second heart sound</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1638659" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormally loud pulmonic component of the second heart sound">Abnormally loud pulmonic component of the second heart sound</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/534375" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fixed splitting of the second heart sound">Fixed splitting of the second heart sound</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/534376" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Paradoxical splitting of the second heart sound">Paradoxical splitting of the second heart sound</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1863627" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Single second heart sound">Single second heart sound</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/548528" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ejection click">Ejection click</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/534350" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Gallop rhythm">Gallop rhythm</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/604154" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fourth heart sound">Fourth heart sound</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1751292" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Quadruple gallop rhythm">Quadruple gallop rhythm</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/68557" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Third heart sound">Third heart sound</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/9171" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Heart murmur">Heart murmur</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/534400" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Continuous heart murmur">Continuous heart murmur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/65426" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Diastolic heart murmur">Diastolic heart murmur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/65425" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Functional heart murmur">Functional heart murmur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1715843" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathologic Murmur">Pathologic Murmur</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/115909" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Systolic heart murmur">Systolic heart murmur</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/629545" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Loud first heart sound">Loud first heart sound</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1863871" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Mitral opening snap">Mitral opening snap</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/534401" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pericardial friction rub">Pericardial friction rub</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1632330" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal heart valve physiology">Abnormal heart valve physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1637769" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal aortic valve physiology">Abnormal aortic valve physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/8153" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aortic regurgitation">Aortic regurgitation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1621" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aortic valve stenosis">Aortic valve stenosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2001" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Supravalvar aortic stenosis">Supravalvar aortic stenosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1647733" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal atrioventricular valve physiology">Abnormal atrioventricular valve physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1624687" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal mitral valve physiology">Abnormal mitral valve physiology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1642206" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal tricuspid valve physiology">Abnormal tricuspid valve physiology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1815102" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Atrioventricular valve regurgitation">Atrioventricular valve regurgitation</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1640121" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal pulmonary valve physiology">Abnormal pulmonary valve physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11031" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonary valve insufficiency">Pulmonary valve insufficiency</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/408291" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonic stenosis">Pulmonic stenosis</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1393355" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal systemic blood pressure">Abnormal systemic blood pressure</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1052768" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Asymmetric blood pressure between limbs">Asymmetric blood pressure between limbs</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1054856" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Asymmetric blood pressure between arms">Asymmetric blood pressure between arms</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1054155" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Asymmetric blood pressure between legs">Asymmetric blood pressure between legs</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1704121" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Blood pressure substantially higher in arms than legs">Blood pressure substantially higher in arms than legs</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1697070" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Blood pressure substantially higher in legs than arms">Blood pressure substantially higher in legs than arms</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/5715" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypotension">Hypotension</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/548510" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Decreased diastolic blood pressure">Decreased diastolic blood pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/548506" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Decreased systolic blood pressure">Decreased systolic blood pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/574009" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Drug-induced hypotension">Drug-induced hypotension</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1710669" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypotension due to Cardiac Dysfunction">Hypotension due to Cardiac Dysfunction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/356549" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Low-to-normal blood pressure">Low-to-normal blood pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/43803" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Orthostatic hypotension">Orthostatic hypotension</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/424684" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Post-Exercise Hypotension">Post-Exercise Hypotension</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/20740" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Shy Drager Syndrome">Shy Drager Syndrome</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/635666" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Increased blood pressure">Increased blood pressure</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/374454" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Elevated diastolic blood pressure">Elevated diastolic blood pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/326719" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Elevated mean arterial pressure">Elevated mean arterial pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/333547" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Elevated systolic blood pressure">Elevated systolic blood pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6969" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypertensive disorder">Hypertensive disorder</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/9375" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Portal hypertension">Portal hypertension</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868211" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal vascular physiology">Abnormal vascular physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1370420" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal arterial physiology">Abnormal arterial physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1388814" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal aortic physiology">Abnormal aortic physiology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1388366" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal coronary artery physiology">Abnormal coronary artery physiology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/536395" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal pulse">Abnormal pulse</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78117" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Arterial occlusion">Arterial occlusion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/102341" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Arterial rupture">Arterial rupture</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1714686" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Impaired flow-mediated arterial dilatation">Impaired flow-mediated arterial dilatation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/7115" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intermittent claudication">Intermittent claudication</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/536878" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Jaw claudication">Jaw claudication</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1053746" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Palpable thrill on extremity">Palpable thrill on extremity</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/20474" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Raynaud phenomenon">Raynaud phenomenon</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1782264" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Rest limb pain">Rest limb pain</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1780068" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tissue ischemia">Tissue ischemia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/508346" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Vasospasm">Vasospasm</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/927606" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal capillary physiology">Abnormal capillary physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/507522" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Capillary fragility">Capillary fragility</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/730470" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Capillary leak">Capillary leak</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/882202" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal pulse pressure">Abnormal pulse pressure</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/886170" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for High pulse pressure">High pulse pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/894331" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Low pulse pressure">Low pulse pressure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/908799" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of pulmonary circulation">Abnormality of pulmonary circulation</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/927593" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal response to short acting pulmonary vasodilator">Abnormal response to short acting pulmonary vasodilator</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/812247" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Elevated pulmonary artery pressure">Elevated pulmonary artery pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/105462" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure">Increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/356775" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Increased pulmonary vascular resistance">Increased pulmonary vascular resistance</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1614836" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intrapulmonary shunt">Intrapulmonary shunt</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11027" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonary embolism">Pulmonary embolism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1864073" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonary perfusion defect">Pulmonary perfusion defect</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1370799" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonary venous hypertension">Pulmonary venous hypertension</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/894842" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of venous physiology">Abnormality of venous physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/636281" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal jugular venous pressure">Abnormal jugular venous pressure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1377349" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal vena cava physiology">Abnormal vena cava physiology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/163632" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Budd-Chiari syndrome">Budd-Chiari syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/181759" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Venous occlusion">Venous occlusion</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/893124" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of blood circulation">Abnormality of blood circulation</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1778903" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cardiac output">Abnormal cardiac output</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1782387" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cardiac index">Abnormal cardiac index</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2877" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Decreased cardiac output">Decreased cardiac output</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/38798" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Increased cardiac output">Increased cardiac output</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869119" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of blood volume homeostasis">Abnormality of blood volume homeostasis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/108178" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypervolemia">Hypervolemia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/107483" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypovolemia">Hypovolemia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/488795" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cardiac shunt">Cardiac shunt</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/507286" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bidirectional shunt">Bidirectional shunt</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/606789" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Left-to-right shunt">Left-to-right shunt</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/98446" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Right-to-left shunt">Right-to-left shunt</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/850720" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Internal hemorrhage">Internal hemorrhage</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/542157" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Antepartum hemorrhage">Antepartum hemorrhage</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/5479" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Joint hemorrhage">Joint hemorrhage</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/57732" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonary hemorrhage">Pulmonary hemorrhage</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1393551" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of cardiovascular system electrophysiology">Abnormality of cardiovascular system electrophysiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/105507" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal EKG">Abnormal EKG</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1638207" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal P wave">Abnormal P wave</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1634800" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal PR interval">Abnormal PR interval</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1631502" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal PR segment">Abnormal PR segment</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1370423" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal QRS complex">Abnormal QRS complex</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1620328" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal QT interval">Abnormal QT interval</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1055241" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal R wave">Abnormal R wave</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868594" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal ST segment">Abnormal ST segment</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/326862" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal T-wave">Abnormal T-wave</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/820422" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal U wave">Abnormal U wave</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1785810" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal ventricular axis">Abnormal ventricular axis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1815063" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Epsilon wave">Epsilon wave</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1053344" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Irregular P-P interval">Irregular P-P interval</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1054485" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Irregular RR interval">Irregular RR interval</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866319" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for J wave">J wave</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2039" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cardiac arrhythmia">Cardiac arrhythmia</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868812" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal electrophysiology of sinoatrial node origin">Abnormal electrophysiology of sinoatrial node origin</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1631567" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal heart rate variability">Abnormal heart rate variability</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/445" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Atrial fibrillation">Atrial fibrillation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/13955" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Atrial flutter">Atrial flutter</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/140901" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bradycardia">Bradycardia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/222975" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brugada syndrome">Brugada syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/5456" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cardiac arrest">Cardiac arrest</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/439278" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Commotio Cordis">Commotio Cordis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/83308" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ectopic beats">Ectopic beats</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/43215" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for First degree atrioventricular block">First degree atrioventricular block</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1826132" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Genetic cardiac rhythm disease">Genetic cardiac rhythm disease</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/42363" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Heart block">Heart block</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/44193" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Long QT syndrome">Long QT syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/14579" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Palpitations">Palpitations</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/60067" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Parasystole">Parasystole</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/46059" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pre-Excitation Syndrome">Pre-Excitation Syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/406301" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Progressive familial heart block, type 1A">Progressive familial heart block, type 1A</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/75546" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Second degree atrioventricular block">Second degree atrioventricular block</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/398" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sinus arrhythmia">Sinus arrhythmia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/39316" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sinus bradycardia">Sinus bradycardia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11700" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sinus tachycardia">Sinus tachycardia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/96544" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Supraventricular arrhythmia">Supraventricular arrhythmia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/52635" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Supraventricular tachycardia">Supraventricular tachycardia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/36383" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tachyarrhythmia">Tachyarrhythmia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/21453" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tachycardia">Tachycardia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/56230" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Third degree atrioventricular block">Third degree atrioventricular block</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/39082" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ventricular arrhythmia">Ventricular arrhythmia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/21844" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ventricular fibrillation">Ventricular fibrillation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/56266" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ventricular flutter">Ventricular flutter</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/12068" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ventricular tachycardia">Ventricular tachycardia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/334259" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cardiac conduction abnormality">Cardiac conduction abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870787" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal atrioventricular conduction">Abnormal atrioventricular conduction</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/215295" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute coronary syndrome">Acute coronary syndrome</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/10150" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Myocardial infarction">Myocardial infarction</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/57611" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute myocardial infarction">Acute myocardial infarction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/83304" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction">Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/48650" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cardiogenic shock">Cardiogenic shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/83305" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Inferior myocardial infarction">Inferior myocardial infarction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1721383" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery">Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/901810" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction">Non ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/57612" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Old myocardial infarction">Old myocardial infarction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/83307" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Silent myocardial infarction">Silent myocardial infarction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/906421" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction">ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1929" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Angina pectoris">Angina pectoris</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/149267" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Atypical angina">Atypical angina</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/104771" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Coronary microvascular disorder">Coronary microvascular disorder</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/296" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intermediate coronary syndrome">Intermediate coronary syndrome</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/295" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Prinzmetal angina">Prinzmetal angina</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/87401" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Stable angina">Stable angina</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/40108" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cardiac tamponade">Cardiac tamponade</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/745001" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Chronotropic incompetence">Chronotropic incompetence</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/9169" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Congestive heart failure">Congestive heart failure</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/196646" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for High-output congestive heart failure">High-output congestive heart failure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869772" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Low-output congestive heart failure">Low-output congestive heart failure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1864272" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Failure to elevate ammonia on ischemic exercise">Failure to elevate ammonia on ischemic exercise</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1863547" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Failure to increase oxygen saturation on hyperoxia test">Failure to increase oxygen saturation on hyperoxia test</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/148578" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Presyncope">Presyncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870560" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Reduced systolic function">Reduced systolic function</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/339750" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Global systolic dysfunction">Global systolic dysfunction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870561" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Impaired myocardial contractility">Impaired myocardial contractility</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/20738" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Shock">Shock</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1373755" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Anaphylactic shock">Anaphylactic shock</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/576123" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Drug-induced anaphylaxis">Drug-induced anaphylaxis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/576137" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Exercise induced anaphylaxis">Exercise induced anaphylaxis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/672819" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Food-induced anaphylaxis">Food-induced anaphylaxis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/595022" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Idiopathic anaphylaxis">Idiopathic anaphylaxis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/576116" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Venom-induced anaphylaxis">Venom-induced anaphylaxis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1612211" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Distributive shock">Distributive shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11409" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hemorrhagic shock">Hemorrhagic shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1789315" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypotensive Shock">Hypotensive Shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/5722" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypovolemic shock">Hypovolemic shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/279666" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Insulin Shock">Insulin Shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/822261" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intrapartum Shock">Intrapartum Shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6462" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome">Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/107781" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Neurogenic shock">Neurogenic shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1621062" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Obstructive shock">Obstructive shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/821252" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Postpartum Shock">Postpartum Shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11410" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Septic shock">Septic shock</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/407976" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Shock From Lead">Shock From Lead</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11411" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Surgical Shock">Surgical Shock</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/46040" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Postoperative shock">Postoperative shock</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/69303" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Systemic inflammatory response syndrome">Systemic inflammatory response syndrome</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/215297" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cytokine release syndrome">Cytokine release syndrome</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/19964" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Traumatic shock">Traumatic shock</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3671" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Crush syndrome">Crush syndrome</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/21443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Syncope">Syncope</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1708567" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Arrhythmogenic Syncope">Arrhythmogenic Syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/113141" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Carotid sinus syncope">Carotid sinus syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1712686" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Drug-induced Syncope">Drug-induced Syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/65902" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Effort syncope">Effort syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1714363" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Faceplant">Faceplant</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/776676" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Orthostatic syncope">Orthostatic syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/536371" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Psychogenic syncope">Psychogenic syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/748921" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Reflex asystolic syncope">Reflex asystolic syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1718034" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Syncope due to Acquired Heart Lesion">Syncope due to Acquired Heart Lesion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1717259" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Syncope due to Congenital Heart Lesion">Syncope due to Congenital Heart Lesion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1709755" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Syncope due to Migraine">Syncope due to Migraine</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1710535" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Syncope due to Pulmonary Hypertension">Syncope due to Pulmonary Hypertension</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/473896" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Syncope with High Risk Cardiac Characteristics">Syncope with High Risk Cardiac Characteristics</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/12060" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Vasovagal syncope">Vasovagal syncope</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1716300" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cardioinhibitory Syncope">Cardioinhibitory Syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/87408" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Situational syncope">Situational syncope</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1720513" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Vasodepressor Syncope">Vasodepressor Syncope</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29540357">Pulmonary arterial hypertension: pathogenesis and clinical management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Thenappan T,
Ormiston ML,
Ryan JJ,
Archer SL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ</span>
2018 Mar 14;360:j5492.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.j5492.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29540357" target="_blank">29540357</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6889979" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24685669">2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">January CT,
Wann LS,
Alpert JS,
Calkins H,
Cigarroa JE,
Cleveland JC Jr,
Conti JB,
Ellinor PT,
Ezekowitz MD,
Field ME,
Murray KT,
Sacco RL,
Stevenson WG,
Tchou PJ,
Tracy CM,
Yancy CW;
American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Coll Cardiol</span>
2014 Dec 2;64(21):e1-76.
Epub 2014 Mar 28
doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.022.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24685669" target="_blank">24685669</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20308999">Metabolic acidosis: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kraut JA,
Madias NE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Nephrol</span>
2010 May;6(5):274-85.
Epub 2010 Mar 23
doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2010.33.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20308999" target="_blank">20308999</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(abnormal%20cardiovascular%20system%20physiology)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1315)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34105926">Venous malformations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Markovic JN,
Shortell CK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)</span>
2021 Oct;62(5):456-466.
Epub 2021 Jun 9
doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.21.11911-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34105926" target="_blank">34105926</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32622489">Aortic Coarctation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim YY,
Andrade L,
Cook SC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Clin</span>
2020 Aug;38(3):337-351.
Epub 2020 May 31
doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2020.04.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32622489" target="_blank">32622489</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29649938">Preoperative Physiology, Imaging, and Management of Interrupted Aortic Arch.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Friedman K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth</span>
2018 Sep;22(3):265-269.
Epub 2018 Apr 12
doi: 10.1177/1089253218770198.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29649938" target="_blank">29649938</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29025550">Congenital Abnormalities of the Pericardium.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Parmar YJ,
Shah AB,
Poon M,
Kronzon I</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Clin</span>
2017 Nov;35(4):601-614.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2017.07.012.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29025550" target="_blank">29025550</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27188965">Patent foramen ovale.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Homma S,
Messé SR,
Rundek T,
Sun YP,
Franke J,
Davidson K,
Sievert H,
Sacco RL,
Di Tullio MR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Dis Primers</span>
2016 Jan 21;2:15086.
doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.86.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27188965" target="_blank">27188965</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20cardiovascular%20system%20physiology%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (22500)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32622489">Aortic Coarctation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim YY,
Andrade L,
Cook SC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Clin</span>
2020 Aug;38(3):337-351.
Epub 2020 May 31
doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2020.04.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32622489" target="_blank">32622489</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31839094">Double-chambered Right Ventricle in Children.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yuan SM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Coll Physicians Surg Pak</span>
2019 Dec;29(12):1193-1198.
doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2019.12.1193.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31839094" target="_blank">31839094</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29409687">Cardiac imaging in Ebstein anomaly.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Qureshi MY,
O'Leary PW,
Connolly HM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Trends Cardiovasc Med</span>
2018 Aug;28(6):403-409.
Epub 2018 Jan 12
doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.01.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29409687" target="_blank">29409687</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29025550">Congenital Abnormalities of the Pericardium.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Parmar YJ,
Shah AB,
Poon M,
Kronzon I</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Clin</span>
2017 Nov;35(4):601-614.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2017.07.012.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29025550" target="_blank">29025550</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24983250">What is aortic overriding?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Anderson RH,
Spicer DE,
Henry GW,
Rigsby C,
Hlavacek AM,
Mohun TJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Young</span>
2015 Apr;25(4):612-25.
Epub 2014 Jul 1
doi: 10.1017/S1047951114001139.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24983250" target="_blank">24983250</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20cardiovascular%20system%20physiology%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (19454)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34105926">Venous malformations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Markovic JN,
Shortell CK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)</span>
2021 Oct;62(5):456-466.
Epub 2021 Jun 9
doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.21.11911-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34105926" target="_blank">34105926</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31384377">Ebstein's Anomaly.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Holst KA,
Connolly HM,
Dearani JA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J</span>
2019 Apr-Jun;15(2):138-144.
doi: 10.14797/mdcj-15-2-138.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31384377" target="_blank">31384377</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6668741" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30386957">Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tellapuri S,
Park HS,
Kalva SP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</span>
2019 Aug;35(8):1421-1428.
Epub 2018 Nov 1
doi: 10.1007/s10554-018-1479-x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30386957" target="_blank">30386957</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22117910">The ductus arteriosus: physiology, regulation, and functional and congenital anomalies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gournay V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Cardiovasc Dis</span>
2011 Nov;104(11):578-85.
Epub 2010 Sep 21
doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2010.06.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22117910" target="_blank">22117910</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/6305257">Cannabis and health.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jones RT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Annu Rev Med</span>
1983;34:247-58.
doi: 10.1146/annurev.me.34.020183.001335.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/6305257" target="_blank">6305257</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20cardiovascular%20system%20physiology%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (10153)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29806799">State-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging - Part 2.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Goerne H,
Chaturvedi A,
Partovi S,
Rajiah P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Vasa</span>
2018 Aug;47(5):361-375.
Epub 2018 May 28
doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000709.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29806799" target="_blank">29806799</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24890865">Echocardiographic evaluation of univentricular physiology and cavopulmonary shunts.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zaragoza-Macias E,
Schwaegler RG,
Stout KK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Echocardiography</span>
2015 Jan;32 Suppl 2:S166-76.
Epub 2014 May 29
doi: 10.1111/echo.12133.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24890865" target="_blank">24890865</a></div>
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Vouhé PR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu</span>
2013;16(1):7-12.
doi: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2013.02.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23561812" target="_blank">23561812</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10771945">Obstructive total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nabar A,
Dalvi B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Pediatr</span>
1998 Jan-Feb;65(1):35-45.
doi: 10.1007/BF02849692.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10771945" target="_blank">10771945</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2179916">Coarctation as a deformation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rosenberg HS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Pathol</span>
1990;10(1-2):103-15.
doi: 10.3109/15513819009067100.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2179916" target="_blank">2179916</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20cardiovascular%20system%20physiology%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (13586)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sirajuddin A,
Chen MY,
White CS,
Arai AE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr</span>
2020 Jan-Feb;14(1):80-86.
Epub 2019 Aug 7
doi: 10.1016/j.jcct.2019.08.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31444098" target="_blank">31444098</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29806799">State-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging - Part 2.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Goerne H,
Chaturvedi A,
Partovi S,
Rajiah P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Vasa</span>
2018 Aug;47(5):361-375.
Epub 2018 May 28
doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000709.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29806799" target="_blank">29806799</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29409687">Cardiac imaging in Ebstein anomaly.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Qureshi MY,
O'Leary PW,
Connolly HM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Trends Cardiovasc Med</span>
2018 Aug;28(6):403-409.
Epub 2018 Jan 12
doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.01.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29409687" target="_blank">29409687</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23458130">Normal and abnormal pulmonary arteriovenous shunting: occurrence and mechanisms.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hoffman JI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Young</span>
2013 Oct;23(5):629-41.
Epub 2013 Mar 5
doi: 10.1017/S1047951113000140.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23458130" target="_blank">23458130</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10149570">Electrophysiology: the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wharton JM,
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1991 Feb;6(1):40-8.
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2022 Sep 1;362:158-167.
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Coll Physicians Surg Pak</span>
2019 Dec;29(12):1193-1198.
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30391499">Aortic Valve Interventions in Pediatric Patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bouhout I,
Ba PS,
El-Hamamsy I,
Poirier N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg</span>
2019 Summer;31(2):277-287.
Epub 2018 Nov 2
doi: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2018.10.009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30391499" target="_blank">30391499</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28705803">Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome: proceedings from the 2016 Cincinnati International Turner Syndrome Meeting.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gravholt CH,
Andersen NH,
Conway GS,
Dekkers OM,
Geffner ME,
Klein KO,
Lin AE,
Mauras N,
Quigley CA,
Rubin K,
Sandberg DE,
Sas TCJ,
Silberbach M,
Söderström-Anttila V,
Stochholm K,
van Alfen-van derVelden JA,
Woelfle J,
Backeljauw PF;
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Endocrinol</span>
2017 Sep;177(3):G1-G70.
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vandael E,
Vandenberk B,
Vandenberghe J,
Willems R,
Foulon V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Clin Pharm</span>
2017 Feb;39(1):16-25.
Epub 2016 Dec 23
doi: 10.1007/s11096-016-0414-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28012118" target="_blank">28012118</a></div>
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