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<meta name="keywords" content="C0270871, disease or syndrome, facial myokymia, facial myokymia (muscle quivering), facial myokymias, involuntary facial contraction, involuntary facial quivering, isolated facial myokymia, myokymia, facial, myokymias, facial, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Facial myokymia is a fine fibrillary activity of one or more muscles innervated by the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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UID=78741
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ConceptID=C0270871
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Facial myokymia</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78741</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0270871</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
|
||
<td>Facial Myokymia; Facial Myokymias; Myokymia, Facial; Myokymias, Facial</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
|
||
<td>Facial myokymia (1070000); Facial myokymia (muscle quivering) (1070000)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000317">HP:0000317</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0016373" target="_blank">MONDO:0016373</a></td></tr>
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</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln">Facial myokymia is a fine fibrillary activity of one or more muscles innervated by the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve). [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Facial myokymia</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1254" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fetal anomaly">Fetal anomaly</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/474891" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Congenital Systemic Disorder">Congenital Systemic Disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/105425" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the nervous system">Abnormality of the nervous system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868417" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal nervous system physiology">Abnormal nervous system physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/10113" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Movement disorder">Movement disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/146882" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Myokymia">Myokymia</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Facial myokymia</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
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||
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
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||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_155705"><div><strong>Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>155705</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0752123</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">For a general discussion of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), see SCA1 (164400).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/155705">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_373347"><div><strong>Spinocerebellar ataxia type 25</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373347</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1837518</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Spinocerebellar ataxia-25 (SCA25) is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder characterized by the onset of lower limb ataxia resulting in gait difficulties in the first few decades of life, although later onset has been reported. Affected individuals often have upper limb involvement, dysarthria, scoliosis, abnormal eye movements, and sensory neuropathy with decreased reflexes. Some patients have sensorineural hearing loss. Brain imaging shows cerebellar atrophy. There is incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity, even within families (Barbier et al., 2022). For a general discussion of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, see SCA1 (164400).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373347">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_343106"><div><strong>Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>343106</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1854369</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14) is characterized by slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, and nystagmus. Axial myoclonus, cognitive impairment, tremor, and sensory loss may also be observed. Parkinsonian features including rigidity and tremor have been described in some families. Findings seen in other ataxia disorders (e.g., dysphagia, dysphonia) may also occur in SCA14. The average age of onset is in the 30s, with a range from childhood to the seventh decade. Life span is not shortened.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/343106">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_347653"><div><strong>Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>347653</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1858501</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Rare disease with manifestations of action tremor associated with relatively mild cerebellar ataxia. Associated pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs and dementia have been reported. Prevalence is unknown. Approximately 40 families have been reported. The pathogenesis seems to be related to a toxic effect at the RNA level as it is caused by a CAG expansion at the 5'' end of the PPP2R2B gene on chromosome 5q31-5q32.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/347653">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1790407"><div><strong>Dyskinesia with orofacial involvement, autosomal dominant</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1790407</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5551343</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">ADCY5 dyskinesia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder (more prominent in the face and arms than the legs) characterized by infantile to late-adolescent onset of chorea, athetosis, dystonia, myoclonus, or a combination of these. To date, affected individuals have had overlapping (but not identical) manifestations with wide-ranging severity. The facial movements are typically periorbital and perioral. The dyskinesia is prone to episodic or paroxysmal exacerbation lasting minutes to hours, and may occur during sleep. Precipitating factors in some persons have included emotional stress, intercurrent illness, sneezing, or caffeine; in others, no precipitating factors have been identified. In some children, severe infantile axial hypotonia results in gross motor delays accompanied by chorea, sometimes with language delays. The overall tendency is for the abnormal movements to stabilize in early middle age, at which point they may improve in some individuals; less commonly, the abnormal movements are slowly progressive, increasing in severity and frequency.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1790407">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1823972"><div><strong>Intellectual developmental disorder with muscle tone abnormalities and distal skeletal defects</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1823972</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5774199</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Intellectual developmental disorder with muscle tone abnormalities and distal skeletal defects (IDDMDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by global developmental delay apparent in infancy manifest as speech delay and late walking by a few years. Affected individuals have hypertonia or, more rarely, hypotonia; a notable common feature is facial myokymia with corresponding EMG findings. Additional features include distal skeletal defects such as joint contractures, hypo- or areflexia, and hernia (Marafi et al., 2022).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1823972">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1790407" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dyskinesia with orofacial involvement, autosomal dominant</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1823972" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual developmental disorder with muscle tone abnormalities and distal skeletal defects</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_347653" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_343106" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_373347" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spinocerebellar ataxia type 25</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_155705" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29266036">Facial Myokymia and Hemifacial Spasm in Multiple Sclerosis: A Descriptive Study on Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marin Collazo IV,
|
||
Tobin WO</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurologist</span>
|
||
2018 Jan;23(1):1-6.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000163.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29266036" target="_blank">29266036</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20615606">The place of the botulinum toxin in the management of multiple sclerosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Habek M,
|
||
Karni A,
|
||
Balash Y,
|
||
Gurevich T</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Neurol Neurosurg</span>
|
||
2010 Sep;112(7):592-6.
|
||
Epub 2010 Jul 8
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2010.04.010.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20615606" target="_blank">20615606</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2779591">Treatment of movement disorders with trihexyphenidyl.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jabbari B,
|
||
Scherokman B,
|
||
Gunderson CH,
|
||
Rosenberg ML,
|
||
Miller J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mov Disord</span>
|
||
1989;4(3):202-12.
|
||
doi: 10.1002/mds.870040302.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2779591" target="_blank">2779591</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22facial%20myokymia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (3)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35601204">Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ghosh R,
|
||
Roy D,
|
||
Dubey S,
|
||
Das S,
|
||
Benito-León J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y)</span>
|
||
2022;12:14.
|
||
Epub 2022 May 4
|
||
doi: 10.5334/tohm.671.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35601204" target="_blank">35601204</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9075048" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29266036">Facial Myokymia and Hemifacial Spasm in Multiple Sclerosis: A Descriptive Study on Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marin Collazo IV,
|
||
Tobin WO</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurologist</span>
|
||
2018 Jan;23(1):1-6.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000163.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29266036" target="_blank">29266036</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22914369">Case of infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia type 5.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jacob FD,
|
||
Ho ES,
|
||
Martinez-Ojeda M,
|
||
Darras BT,
|
||
Khwaja OS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Child Neurol</span>
|
||
2013 Oct;28(10):1292-5.
|
||
Epub 2012 Aug 21
|
||
doi: 10.1177/0883073812454331.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22914369" target="_blank">22914369</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10636153">Spontaneous and reflex movements in brain death.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Saposnik G,
|
||
Bueri JA,
|
||
Mauriño J,
|
||
Saizar R,
|
||
Garretto NS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurology</span>
|
||
2000 Jan 11;54(1):221-3.
|
||
doi: 10.1212/wnl.54.1.221.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10636153" target="_blank">10636153</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2779591">Treatment of movement disorders with trihexyphenidyl.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jabbari B,
|
||
Scherokman B,
|
||
Gunderson CH,
|
||
Rosenberg ML,
|
||
Miller J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mov Disord</span>
|
||
1989;4(3):202-12.
|
||
doi: 10.1002/mds.870040302.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2779591" target="_blank">2779591</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Facial%20myokymia%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (12)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35601204">Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ghosh R,
|
||
Roy D,
|
||
Dubey S,
|
||
Das S,
|
||
Benito-León J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y)</span>
|
||
2022;12:14.
|
||
Epub 2022 May 4
|
||
doi: 10.5334/tohm.671.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35601204" target="_blank">35601204</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9075048" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34992095">Facial myokymia as the presenting feature of multiple sclerosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Parr AC,
|
||
Bashford J,
|
||
Silber E</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pract Neurol</span>
|
||
2022 Jun;22(3):233-234.
|
||
Epub 2022 Jan 6
|
||
doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2021-003268.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34992095" target="_blank">34992095</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1193097">Facial myokymia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Radü EW,
|
||
Skorpil V,
|
||
Kaeser HE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Neurol</span>
|
||
1975;13(6):499-512.
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000114706.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1193097" target="_blank">1193097</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/5690358">Transient facial myokymia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gutmann L,
|
||
Thompson HG Jr,
|
||
Martin JD</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurology</span>
|
||
1968 Mar;18(3):285.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/5690358" target="_blank">5690358</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/5910576">Facial myokymia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Matthews WB</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</span>
|
||
1966 Feb;29(1):35-9.
|
||
doi: 10.1136/jnnp.29.1.35.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/5910576" target="_blank">5910576</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC495981" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Facial%20myokymia%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (55)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22669610">Treatment of facial myokymia in multiple sclerosis with botulinum toxin.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Habek M,
|
||
Adamec I,
|
||
Gabelić T,
|
||
Brinar VV</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Neurol Belg</span>
|
||
2012 Dec;112(4):423-4.
|
||
Epub 2012 Jun 5
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s13760-012-0092-3.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22669610" target="_blank">22669610</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20615606">The place of the botulinum toxin in the management of multiple sclerosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Habek M,
|
||
Karni A,
|
||
Balash Y,
|
||
Gurevich T</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Neurol Neurosurg</span>
|
||
2010 Sep;112(7):592-6.
|
||
Epub 2010 Jul 8
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2010.04.010.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20615606" target="_blank">20615606</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12145388">Hemifacial spasm and involuntary facial movements.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tan NC,
|
||
Chan LL,
|
||
Tan EK</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">QJM</span>
|
||
2002 Aug;95(8):493-500.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/qjmed/95.8.493.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12145388" target="_blank">12145388</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2779591">Treatment of movement disorders with trihexyphenidyl.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jabbari B,
|
||
Scherokman B,
|
||
Gunderson CH,
|
||
Rosenberg ML,
|
||
Miller J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mov Disord</span>
|
||
1989;4(3):202-12.
|
||
doi: 10.1002/mds.870040302.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2779591" target="_blank">2779591</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/5819437">Transient facial myokymia. An uncommon manifestation of multiple sclerosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gutmann L,
|
||
Thompson HG Jr,
|
||
Martin JD</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
|
||
1969 Jul 21;209(3):389-91.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jama.209.3.389.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/5819437" target="_blank">5819437</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Facial%20myokymia%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (11)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27061943">Phenotypic insights into ADCY5-associated disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chang FC,
|
||
Westenberger A,
|
||
Dale RC,
|
||
Smith M,
|
||
Pall HS,
|
||
Perez-Dueñas B,
|
||
Grattan-Smith P,
|
||
Ouvrier RA,
|
||
Mahant N,
|
||
Hanna BC,
|
||
Hunter M,
|
||
Lawson JA,
|
||
Max C,
|
||
Sachdev R,
|
||
Meyer E,
|
||
Crimmins D,
|
||
Pryor D,
|
||
Morris JG,
|
||
Münchau A,
|
||
Grozeva D,
|
||
Carss KJ,
|
||
Raymond L,
|
||
Kurian MA,
|
||
Klein C,
|
||
Fung VS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mov Disord</span>
|
||
2016 Jul;31(7):1033-40.
|
||
Epub 2016 Apr 8
|
||
doi: 10.1002/mds.26598.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27061943" target="_blank">27061943</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4950003" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10771911">Central pontine myelinolysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kasturi L,
|
||
Kulkarni AV,
|
||
Amin A,
|
||
Mashankar VA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Pediatr</span>
|
||
1997 Sep-Oct;64(5):722-4.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/BF02726135.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10771911" target="_blank">10771911</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10166553">Disorders of facial motor function.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boghen DR</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
1996 Dec;7(6):48-52.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/00055735-199612000-00008.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10166553" target="_blank">10166553</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7969255">Subarachnoid hemorrhage induces facial myokymia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Blumenthal DT,
|
||
Gutmann L,
|
||
Sauter K</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Muscle Nerve</span>
|
||
1994 Dec;17(12):1484-5.
|
||
doi: 10.1002/mus.880171224.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7969255" target="_blank">7969255</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1512726">Persistent facial myokymia: a rare pathognomic physical sign of intrinsic brain-stem lesions: report of 2 cases and review of literature.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharma RR,
|
||
Mathad NV,
|
||
Joshi DN,
|
||
Mazarelo TB,
|
||
Vaidya MM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Postgrad Med</span>
|
||
1992 Jan-Mar;38(1):37-40, 40A-40B.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1512726" target="_blank">1512726</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Facial%20myokymia%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (17)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28826715">Predictive Factors of Unfavorable Events After Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Vestibular Schwannoma.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim JH,
|
||
Jung HH,
|
||
Chang JH,
|
||
Chang JW,
|
||
Park YG,
|
||
Chang WS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">World Neurosurg</span>
|
||
2017 Nov;107:175-184.
|
||
Epub 2017 Aug 5
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.07.139.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28826715" target="_blank">28826715</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18980218">Familial dyskinesia and facial myokymia (FDFM): Follow-up of a large family and linkage to chromosome 3p21-3q21.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Raskind WH,
|
||
Matsushita M,
|
||
Peter B,
|
||
Biberston J,
|
||
Wolff J,
|
||
Lipe H,
|
||
Burbank R,
|
||
Bird TD</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet</span>
|
||
2009 Jun 5;150B(4):570-4.
|
||
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30879.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/18980218" target="_blank">18980218</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3116722" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15953558">Excitability of facial nucleus and related brain-stem reflexes in hemifacial spasm, post-facial palsy synkinesis and facial myokymia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Oge AE,
|
||
Yayla V,
|
||
Demir GA,
|
||
Eraksoy M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Neurophysiol</span>
|
||
2005 Jul;116(7):1542-54.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2005.02.021.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15953558" target="_blank">15953558</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7980106">The lesion causing continuous facial myokymia in multiple sclerosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jacobs L,
|
||
Kaba S,
|
||
Pullicino P</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Neurol</span>
|
||
1994 Nov;51(11):1115-9.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/archneur.1994.00540230053012.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7980106" target="_blank">7980106</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2718740">A large Japanese family with Machado-Joseph disease: clinical and genetic studies.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Takiyama Y,
|
||
Ikemoto S,
|
||
Tanaka Y,
|
||
Mizuno Y,
|
||
Yoshida M,
|
||
Yasuda N</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Neurol Scand</span>
|
||
1989 Mar;79(3):214-22.
|
||
doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1989.tb03741.x.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2718740" target="_blank">2718740</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Facial%20myokymia%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (10)</a></div></div>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
||
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
|
||
|
||
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|
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|
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Facial%20myokymia" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22facial%20myokymia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Facial%20myokymia%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d56c742f30673f7b5904ea">Facial myokymia</a>
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