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<!--
|
||
UID=7434
|
||
ConceptID=C0024437
|
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-->
|
||
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Macular degeneration</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7434</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0024437</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
|
||
<td>Degenerative disorder of macula</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
|
||
<td>Degenerative disorder of macula (422338006)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000608">HP:0000608</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0003004" target="_blank">MONDO:0003004</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/607643" target="_blank">607643</a>; <a href="https://omim.org/entry/607921" target="_blank">607921</a></td></tr>
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||
</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">A nonspecific term denoting degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium and/or retinal photoreceptor cells of the macula lutea. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
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<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0024437[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical&redirect=true" ref="ncbi_uid=7434">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=7434" target="_blank" href="/omim/607643">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=7434" ref="ncbi_uid=7434">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Macular degeneration</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1370071" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the eye">Abnormality of the eye</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868526" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal eye morphology">Abnormal eye morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870893" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal posterior eye segment morphology">Abnormal posterior eye segment morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871316" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal fundus morphology">Abnormal fundus morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/472885" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal retinal morphology">Abnormal retinal morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1624166" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal macular morphology">Abnormal macular morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Macular degeneration</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/116576" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age-related macular degeneration">Age-related macular degeneration</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400475" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 1">Age related macular degeneration 1</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/501183" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 2">Age related macular degeneration 2</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/339914" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 4">Age related macular degeneration 4</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/462413" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 5">Age related macular degeneration 5</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/462410" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 6">Age related macular degeneration 6</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/347554" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 7">Age related macular degeneration 7</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/462420" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 8">Age related macular degeneration 8</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/370717" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 9">Age related macular degeneration 9</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/409758" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 10">Age related macular degeneration 10</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/393833" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 11">Age related macular degeneration 11</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/462429" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 12">Age related macular degeneration 12</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/815853" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 13">Age related macular degeneration 13</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/815983" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 14">Age related macular degeneration 14</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/816372" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Age related macular degeneration 15">Age related macular degeneration 15</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/373276" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Macular degeneration, age-related, 3">Macular degeneration, age-related, 3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/472900" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cystoid macular degeneration">Cystoid macular degeneration</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1370619" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Foveal degeneration">Foveal degeneration</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/323488" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Geographic atrophy">Geographic atrophy</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/75732" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Macular edema">Macular edema</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/7435" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cystoid macular edema">Cystoid macular edema</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/75734" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Stargardt disease">Stargardt disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/383691" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Severe early-childhood-onset retinal dystrophy">Severe early-childhood-onset retinal dystrophy</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/333146" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Stargardt disease 3">Stargardt disease 3</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/355004" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Stargardt disease 4">Stargardt disease 4</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/137920" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Vitelliform macular dystrophy">Vitelliform macular dystrophy</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/334280" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy">Adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1636950" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Vitelliform macular dystrophy 1">Vitelliform macular dystrophy 1</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/979022" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Vitelliform macular dystrophy 3">Vitelliform macular dystrophy 3</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/863779" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Vitelliform macular dystrophy 4">Vitelliform macular dystrophy 4</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/863780" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Vitelliform macular dystrophy 5">Vitelliform macular dystrophy 5</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/389185" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Wet macular degeneration">Wet macular degeneration</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
|
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_11443"><div><strong>Sjögren-Larsson syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11443</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0037231</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Sjogren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessive, early childhood-onset disorder characterized by ichthyosis, impaired intellectual development, spastic paraparesis, macular dystrophy, and leukoencephalopathy. It is caused by deficiency of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (summary by Lossos et al., 2006).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11443">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_155549"><div><strong>Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 3</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>155549</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0751383</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL; CLN) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigment storage material in different patterns ultrastructurally. The clinical course includes progressive dementia, seizures, and progressive visual failure (Mole et al., 2005). The hallmark of CLN3 is the ultrastructural pattern of lipopigment with a 'fingerprint' profile, which can have 3 different appearances: pure within a lysosomal residual body; in conjunction with curvilinear or rectilinear profiles; and as a small component within large membrane-bound lysosomal vacuoles. The combination of fingerprint profiles within lysosomal vacuoles is a regular feature of blood lymphocytes from patients with CLN3 (Mole et al., 2005). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CLN, see CLN1 (256730).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/155549">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_156006"><div><strong>Spinocerebellar ataxia 7</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>156006</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0752125</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) comprises a phenotypic spectrum ranging from adolescent- or adult-onset progressive cerebellar ataxia and cone-rod retinal dystrophy to infantile or early-childhood onset with multiorgan failure, an accelerated course, and early death. Anticipation in this nucleotide repeat disorder may be so dramatic that within a family a child with infantile or early-childhood onset may be diagnosed with what is thought to be an unrelated neurodegenerative disorder years before a parent or grandparent with a CAG repeat expansion becomes symptomatic. In adolescent-onset SCA7, the initial manifestation is typically impaired vision, followed by cerebellar ataxia. In those with adult onset, progressive cerebellar ataxia usually precedes the onset of visual manifestations. While the rate of progression varies in these two age groups, the eventual result for almost all affected individuals is loss of vision, severe dysarthria and dysphagia, and a bedridden state with loss of motor control.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/156006">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_698415"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>698415</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1275116</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a systemic disorder that affects the elastic tissue of the skin, the eye, and vascular system. Individuals most commonly present with angioid streaks of the retina found on routine eye examination or associated with retinal hemorrhage and/or characteristic papules in the skin. The most frequent cause of morbidity and disability in PXE is reduced vision due to complications of subretinal neovascularizations and macular atrophy. Other manifestations include premature gastrointestinal angina and/or bleeding, intermittent claudication of arm and leg muscles, stroke, renovascular hypertension, and cardiovascular complications (angina/myocardial infarction). Most affected individuals live a normal life span.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/698415">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_316921"><div><strong>Congenital hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>316921</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1832162</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hair loss followed by progressive macular degeneration and early blindness. Scalp hair is lost during the first months of life, with onset of retinal degeneration and vision loss a few years to 2 decades later (summary by Sprecher et al., 2001 and Indelman et al., 2002).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/316921">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_322083"><div><strong>Cone-rod dystrophy 5</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>322083</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1832976</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Cone-rod dystrophy-5 (CORD5) is characterized by reduced visual acuity, photophobia, and defective color vision. Most patients experience onset of symptoms in early childhood, with progression to legal blindness by early adulthood, although some patients exhibit a milder phenotype, with onset in the fourth or fifth decade of life (Kohn et al., 2007; Reinis et al., 2013). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of cone-rod dystrophy, see 120970.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/322083">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_322767"><div><strong>Cone-rod dystrophy 11</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>322767</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1835865</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">There are more than 30 types of cone-rod dystrophy, which are distinguished by their genetic cause and their pattern of inheritance: autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and X-linked. Additionally, cone-rod dystrophy can occur alone without any other signs and symptoms or it can occur as part of a syndrome that affects multiple parts of the body.\n\nThe first signs and symptoms of cone-rod dystrophy, which often occur in childhood, are usually decreased sharpness of vision (visual acuity) and increased sensitivity to light (photophobia). These features are typically followed by impaired color vision (dyschromatopsia), blind spots (scotomas) in the center of the visual field, and partial side (peripheral) vision loss. Over time, affected individuals develop night blindness and a worsening of their peripheral vision, which can limit independent mobility. Decreasing visual acuity makes reading increasingly difficult and most affected individuals are legally blind by mid-adulthood. As the condition progresses, individuals may develop involuntary eye movements (nystagmus).\n\nCone-rod dystrophy is a group of related eye disorders that causes vision loss, which becomes more severe over time. These disorders affect the retina, which is the layer of light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. In people with cone-rod dystrophy, vision loss occurs as the light-sensing cells of the retina gradually deteriorate.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/322767">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_373276"><div><strong>Macular degeneration, age-related, 3</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373276</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1837187</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Age-related macular degeneration-3 (ARMD3) is characterized by numerous small round yellow lesions visible at the temporal edge of the macula. Larger, less distinct yellow areas near the center of the macula are also observed, which represent areas of pigment epithelial detachment (Stone et al., 2004). For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of age-related macular degeneration, see 603075.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373276">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_325055"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 11</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>325055</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1838601</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of retinal dystrophies characterized by a progressive degeneration of photoreceptors, eventually resulting in severe visual impairment. For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of RP, see 268000.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/325055">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_334499"><div><strong>Bothnia retinal dystrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>334499</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1843816</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Bothnia retinal dystrophy is an autosomal recessive disorder with onset of night blindness in childhood. The fundus has a characteristic appearance with yellow-white spots, and at later stages patients develop widespread retinal degeneration with areas of chorioretinal atrophy (summary by Granse et al., 2001).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/334499">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_337598"><div><strong>Cone-rod dystrophy 10</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337598</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1846529</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Cone-rod dystrophy-10 (CORD10) is characterized by progressive loss of visual acuity and color vision, followed by night blindness and loss of peripheral vision. Patients may experience photophobia and epiphora in bright light (Abid et al., 2006). Mutation in SEMA4A can also cause a form of retinitis pigmentosa (RP35; 610282). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of cone-rod dystrophy, see 120970.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337598">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341387"><div><strong>Hereditary spastic paraplegia 15</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341387</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1849128</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Spastic paraplegia 15 (SPG15), typically an early-onset complex hereditary spastic paraplegia, is characterized by progressive spasticity that begins in the lower extremities and is associated with several manifestations resulting from central and peripheral nervous system dysfunction. While onset of spasticity is typically in mid- to late childhood or adolescence (i.e., between ages 5 and 18 years), other manifestations, such as developmental delay or learning disability, may be present earlier, often preceding motor involvement. Individuals with adult onset have also been reported.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341387">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341455"><div><strong>Saldino-Mainzer syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341455</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1849437</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly refers to a group of autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathies that are characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, shortened tubular bones, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. SRTD encompasses Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) and the disorders previously designated as Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), and Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS). Polydactyly is variably present, and there is phenotypic overlap in the various forms of SRTDs, which differ by visceral malformation and metaphyseal appearance. Nonskeletal involvement can include cleft lip/palate as well as anomalies of major organs such as the brain, eye, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, intestines, and genitalia. Some forms of SRTD are lethal in the neonatal period due to respiratory insufficiency secondary to a severely restricted thoracic cage, whereas others are compatible with life (summary by Huber and Cormier-Daire, 2012 and Schmidts et al., 2013). There is phenotypic overlap with the cranioectodermal dysplasias (Sensenbrenner syndrome; see CED1, 218330). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of short-rib thoracic dysplasia, see SRTD1 (208500).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341455">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_340540"><div><strong>Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>340540</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1850451</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL; CLN) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigment storage material in different patterns ultrastructurally. The lipopigment pattern seen most often in CLN1 is referred to as granular osmiophilic deposits (GROD). The patterns most often observed in CLN2 and CLN3 are 'curvilinear' and 'fingerprint' profiles, respectively. CLN4, CLN5, CLN6, CLN7, and CLN8 show mixed combinations of granular, curvilinear, fingerprint, and rectilinear profiles. The clinical course includes progressive dementia, seizures, and progressive visual failure (Mole et al., 2005). Zeman and Dyken (1969) referred to these conditions as the 'neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.' Goebel (1995) provided a comprehensive review of the NCLs and noted that they are possibly the most common group of neurodegenerative diseases in children. Mole et al. (2005) provided a detailed clinical and genetic review of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Genetic Heterogeneity of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis See also CLN2 (204500), caused by mutation in the TPP1 gene (607998) on chromosome 11p15; CLN3 (204200), caused by mutation in the CLN3 gene (607042) on 16p12; CLN4 (162350), caused by mutation in the DNAJC5 gene (611203) on 20q13; CLN5 (256731), caused by mutation in the CLN5 gene (608102) on 13q22; CLN6A (601780) and CLN6B (204300), both caused by mutation in the CLN6 gene (606725) on 15q21; CLN7 (610951), caused by mutation in the MFSD8 gene (611124) on 4q28; CLN8 (600143) and the Northern epilepsy variant of CLN8 (610003), both caused by mutation in the CLN8 gene (607837) on 8p23; CLN10 (610127), caused by mutation in the CTSD gene (116840) on 11p15; CLN11 (614706), caused by mutation in the GRN gene (138945) on 17q21; CLN13 (615362), caused by mutation in the CTSF gene (603539) on 11q13; and CLN14 (611726), caused by mutation in the KCTD7 gene (611725) on 7q11. CLN9 (609055) has not been molecularly characterized. A disorder that was formerly designated neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis-12 (CLN12) is now considered to be a variable form of Kufor-Rakeb syndrome (KRS; 606693).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/340540">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_339002"><div><strong>Renal coloboma syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>339002</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1852759</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">PAX2-related disorder is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with renal and eye abnormalities. The disorder was originally referred to as renal coloboma syndrome and characterized by renal hypodysplasia and abnormalities of the optic nerve; with improved access to molecular testing, a wider range of phenotypes has been recognized in association with pathogenic variants in PAX2. Abnormal renal structure or function is noted in 92% of affected individuals and ophthalmologic abnormalities in 77% of affected individuals. Renal abnormalities can be clinically silent in rare individuals. In most individuals, clinically significant renal insufficiency / renal failure is reported. End-stage renal disease requiring renal transplant is not uncommon. Uric acid nephrolithiasis has been reported. Ophthalmologic abnormalities are typically described as optic nerve coloboma or dysplasia. Iris colobomas have not been reported in any individual with PAX2–related disorder. Ophthalmologic abnormalities may significantly impair vision in some individuals, while others have subtle changes only noted after detailed ophthalmologic examination. Additional clinical findings include high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, soft skin, and ligamentous laxity. PAX2 pathogenic variants have been identified in multiple sporadic and familial cases of nonsyndromic renal disease including renal hypodysplasia and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/339002">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_339914"><div><strong>Age related macular degeneration 4</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>339914</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1853147</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Age-related macular degeneration-4 (ARMD) is a disorder of the eye characterized by the formation of drusen on the retina, often as cuticular drusen which appear in a 'starry sky' distribution on fluorescein angiography. The disorder results in a progressive loss of central vision (summary by Hageman et al., 2005, Grassi et al., 2007).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/339914">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_381360"><div><strong>Cone-rod dystrophy 8</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>381360</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1854180</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A cone-rod dystrophy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1q12-q24.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/381360">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_383691"><div><strong>Severe early-childhood-onset retinal dystrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>383691</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1855465</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Stargardt disease-1 (STGD1) is an autosomal recessive retinal disease that usually presents as a juvenile-onset macular dystrophy with rapid central visual impairment, progressive bilateral atrophy of the foveal retinal pigment epithelium, and the frequent appearance of yellowish flecks, defined as lipofuscin deposits, around the macula and/or in the central and near-peripheral areas of the retina (summary by Lee et al., 2021). Genetic Heterogeneity of Stargardt Disease Stargardt disease-3 (STGD3; 600110) is caused by mutation in the ELOVL4 gene (605512) on chromosome 6q14, and Stargardt disease-4 (STGD4; 603786) is caused by mutation in the PROM1 gene (604365) on chromosome 4. A locus for Stargardt disease mapped to chromosome 13q34 and designated STGD2 was found to be in error; the disorder in the family in which the linkage was made was correctly mapped to chromosome 6q14 (STGD3). Fundus flavimaculatus (FFM) is an allelic subtype of Stargardt disease that has been associated with mutation in the ABCA4 gene and the PRPH2 gene (179605). FFM has a later age of onset. If loss of visual acuity begins in the first 2 decades, the designation Stargardt disease is preferred; if it begins later in life and has a more progressive course, the term FFM is preferred (Weleber, 1994). An early-onset severe form of retinal dystrophy (CORD3; 604116) is caused by homozygous null mutations in the ABCA4 gene.</div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/383691">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_347554"><div><strong>Age related macular degeneration 7</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>347554</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1857813</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Age-related macular degeneration mainly affects central vision, which is needed for detailed tasks such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces. The vision loss in this condition results from a gradual deterioration of light-sensing cells in the tissue at the back of the eye that detects light and color (the retina). Specifically, age-related macular degeneration affects a small area near the center of the retina, called the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Side (peripheral) vision and night vision are generally not affected, but slow adjustment of vision to darkness (dark adaptation) and reduced dim light (scotopic) vision often occur in the early stages of the disease.\n\nAge-related macular degeneration is an eye disease that is a leading cause of vision loss in older people in developed countries. Subtle abnormalities indicating changes in vision may occur in a person's forties or fifties. Distorted vision and vision loss usually become noticeable in a person's sixties or seventies and tend to worsen over time.\n\nIn 10 to 15 percent of affected individuals, the dry form progresses to the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. The wet form is characterized by the growth of abnormal, fragile blood vessels underneath the macula. These vessels leak blood and fluid, which damages the macula and makes central vision appear blurry and distorted. The wet form of age-related macular degeneration is associated with severe vision loss that can worsen rapidly.\n\nResearchers have described two major types of age-related macular degeneration, known as the dry form and the wet form. The dry form is much more common, accounting for 85 to 90 percent of all cases of age-related macular degeneration. It is characterized by a buildup of yellowish deposits called drusen beneath the retina and vision loss that worsens slowly over time. The most advanced stage of dry age-related macular degeneration is known as geographic atrophy, in which areas of the macula waste away (atrophy), resulting in severe vision loss. Dry age-related macular degeneration typically affects vision in both eyes, although vision loss often occurs in one eye before the other.</div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/347554">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_388073"><div><strong>Hereditary spastic paraplegia 11</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>388073</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1858479</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Spastic paraplegia 11 (SPG11) is characterized by progressive spasticity and weakness of the lower limbs frequently associated with the following: mild intellectual disability with learning difficulties in childhood and/or progressive cognitive decline; peripheral neuropathy; pseudobulbar involvement; and increased reflexes in the upper limbs. Less frequent findings include: cerebellar signs (ataxia, nystagmus, saccadic pursuit); retinal degeneration; pes cavus; scoliosis; and parkinsonism with characteristic brain MRI features that include thinning of the corpus callosum. Onset occurs mainly during infancy or adolescence (range: age 1-31 years) and in rare cases as late as age 60 years. Most affected individuals become wheelchair bound one or two decades after disease onset.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/388073">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_355004"><div><strong>Stargardt disease 4</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>355004</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1863534</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Stargardt disease (STGD) is the most common hereditary macular dystrophy and is characterized by decreased central vision, atrophy of the macula and underlying retinal pigment epithelium, and frequent presence of prominent flecks in the posterior pole of the retina. STGD is most commonly inherited as an autosomal recessive trait (see 248200), but STGD4 is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait (summary by Kniazeva et al., 1999). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Stargardt disease, see STGD1 (248200).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/355004">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_400475"><div><strong>Age related macular degeneration 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>400475</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1864205</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is a progressive degeneration of photoreceptors and underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in the macula region of the retina. It is a highly prevalent disease and a major cause of blindness in the Western world. Drusen, pale excrescences of variable size, and other deposits accumulate below the RPE on the Bruch membrane; clinical and histopathologic investigations have shown that these extracellular deposits are the hallmark of early ARMD. As ARMD advances, areas of geographic atrophy of the RPE can cause visual loss, or choroidal neovascularization can occur to cause wet, or exudative, ARMD with accompanying central visual loss (summary by De et al., 2007). Genetic Heterogeneity of Age-Related Macular Degeneration ARMD2 (153800) is associated with mutation in the ABCR gene (601691) on chromosome 1p, and ARMD3 (608895) is caused by mutation in the FBLN5 gene (604580) on chromosome 14q31. Up to 50% of the attributable risk of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD4; 610698) appears to be explained by a polymorphism in the CFH gene (134370.0008). ARMD5 (613761) and ARMD6 (613757) are associated with mutation in the ERCC6 (609413) and RAX2 (610362) genes, respectively. ARMD7 (610149) and ARMD8 (613778), which both represent susceptibility linked to chromosome 10q26, are associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the HTRA1 (602194) and ARMS2 (611313) genes, respectively. ARMD9 (611378) is associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the C3 gene (120700). ARMD10 (611488) maps to chromosome 9q32 and may be associated with a polymorphism in the TLR4 gene (603030). ARMD11 (611953) is association with variation in the CST3 gene (604312); ARMD12 (613784) with variation in the CX3CR1 gene (601470); and ARMD13 (615439) with variation in the CFI gene (217030). ARMD14 (615489) is associated with variation in or near the C2 (613927) and CFB (138470) genes on chromosome 6p21. ARMD15 (615591) is associated with variation in the C9 gene (120940). There is evidence for a form of ARMD caused by mutation in the mitochondrial gene MTTL1 (590050). A haplotype carrying deletion of the complement factor H-related genes CFHR1 (134371) and CFHR3 (605336) is also associated with reduced risk of ARMD. Lotery and Trump (2007) reviewed the molecular biology of age-related macular degeneration and tabulated the genes associated with ARMD, including those with only positive findings versus genes for which conflicting results have been found.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/400475">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_351175"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 36</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>351175</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1864621</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRCD gene.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/351175">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_357280"><div><strong>Pseudoxanthoma elasticum, forme fruste</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>357280</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1867450</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a systemic disorder that affects the elastic tissue of the skin, the eye, and vascular system. Individuals most commonly present with angioid streaks of the retina found on routine eye examination or associated with retinal hemorrhage and/or characteristic papules in the skin. The most frequent cause of morbidity and disability in PXE is reduced vision due to complications of subretinal neovascularizations and macular atrophy. Other manifestations include premature gastrointestinal angina and/or bleeding, intermittent claudication of arm and leg muscles, stroke, renovascular hypertension, and cardiovascular complications (angina/myocardial infarction). Most affected individuals live a normal life span.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/357280">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_383126"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 41</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>383126</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2677516</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PROM1 gene.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/383126">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_393833"><div><strong>Age related macular degeneration 11</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>393833</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2677774</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Age-related macular degeneration mainly affects central vision, which is needed for detailed tasks such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces. The vision loss in this condition results from a gradual deterioration of light-sensing cells in the tissue at the back of the eye that detects light and color (the retina). Specifically, age-related macular degeneration affects a small area near the center of the retina, called the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Side (peripheral) vision and night vision are generally not affected, but slow adjustment of vision to darkness (dark adaptation) and reduced dim light (scotopic) vision often occur in the early stages of the disease.\n\nAge-related macular degeneration is an eye disease that is a leading cause of vision loss in older people in developed countries. Subtle abnormalities indicating changes in vision may occur in a person's forties or fifties. Distorted vision and vision loss usually become noticeable in a person's sixties or seventies and tend to worsen over time.\n\nIn 10 to 15 percent of affected individuals, the dry form progresses to the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. The wet form is characterized by the growth of abnormal, fragile blood vessels underneath the macula. These vessels leak blood and fluid, which damages the macula and makes central vision appear blurry and distorted. The wet form of age-related macular degeneration is associated with severe vision loss that can worsen rapidly.\n\nResearchers have described two major types of age-related macular degeneration, known as the dry form and the wet form. The dry form is much more common, accounting for 85 to 90 percent of all cases of age-related macular degeneration. It is characterized by a buildup of yellowish deposits called drusen beneath the retina and vision loss that worsens slowly over time. The most advanced stage of dry age-related macular degeneration is known as geographic atrophy, in which areas of the macula waste away (atrophy), resulting in severe vision loss. Dry age-related macular degeneration typically affects vision in both eyes, although vision loss often occurs in one eye before the other.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/393833">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_413025"><div><strong>Cone-rod dystrophy 13</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>413025</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2750720</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">There are more than 30 types of cone-rod dystrophy, which are distinguished by their genetic cause and their pattern of inheritance: autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and X-linked. Additionally, cone-rod dystrophy can occur alone without any other signs and symptoms or it can occur as part of a syndrome that affects multiple parts of the body.\n\nThe first signs and symptoms of cone-rod dystrophy, which often occur in childhood, are usually decreased sharpness of vision (visual acuity) and increased sensitivity to light (photophobia). These features are typically followed by impaired color vision (dyschromatopsia), blind spots (scotomas) in the center of the visual field, and partial side (peripheral) vision loss. Over time, affected individuals develop night blindness and a worsening of their peripheral vision, which can limit independent mobility. Decreasing visual acuity makes reading increasingly difficult and most affected individuals are legally blind by mid-adulthood. As the condition progresses, individuals may develop involuntary eye movements (nystagmus).\n\nCone-rod dystrophy is a group of related eye disorders that causes vision loss, which becomes more severe over time. These disorders affect the retina, which is the layer of light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. In people with cone-rod dystrophy, vision loss occurs as the light-sensing cells of the retina gradually deteriorate.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/413025">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_462065"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 51</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>462065</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3150715</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTC8 gene.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/462065">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_462229"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 58</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>462229</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3150879</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZNF513 gene.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/462229">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_462410"><div><strong>Age related macular degeneration 6</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>462410</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3151060</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Researchers have described two major types of age-related macular degeneration, known as the dry form and the wet form. The dry form is much more common, accounting for 85 to 90 percent of all cases of age-related macular degeneration. It is characterized by a buildup of yellowish deposits called drusen beneath the retina and vision loss that worsens slowly over time. The most advanced stage of dry age-related macular degeneration is known as geographic atrophy, in which areas of the macula waste away (atrophy), resulting in severe vision loss. Dry age-related macular degeneration typically affects vision in both eyes, although vision loss often occurs in one eye before the other.\n\nIn 10 to 15 percent of affected individuals, the dry form progresses to the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. The wet form is characterized by the growth of abnormal, fragile blood vessels underneath the macula. These vessels leak blood and fluid, which damages the macula and makes central vision appear blurry and distorted. The wet form of age-related macular degeneration is associated with severe vision loss that can worsen rapidly.\n\nAge-related macular degeneration is an eye disease that is a leading cause of vision loss in older people in developed countries. Subtle abnormalities indicating changes in vision may occur in a person's forties or fifties. Distorted vision and vision loss usually become noticeable in a person's sixties or seventies and tend to worsen over time.\n\nAge-related macular degeneration mainly affects central vision, which is needed for detailed tasks such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces. The vision loss in this condition results from a gradual deterioration of light-sensing cells in the tissue at the back of the eye that detects light and color (the retina). Specifically, age-related macular degeneration affects a small area near the center of the retina, called the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Side (peripheral) vision and night vision are generally not affected, but slow adjustment of vision to darkness (dark adaptation) and reduced dim light (scotopic) vision often occur in the early stages of the disease.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/462410">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_462416"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 45</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>462416</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3151066</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CNGB1 gene.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/462416">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_462540"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 48</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>462540</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3151190</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCA1B gene.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/462540">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_463134"><div><strong>Macular degeneration, X-linked atrophic</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>463134</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3151784</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/463134">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_501183"><div><strong>Age related macular degeneration 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>501183</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3495438</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Age-related macular degeneration-2 (ARMD2) is a complex disorder characterized by the accumulation of drusen in and under the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the progressive atrophy of the macular RPE. These changes result in loss of photoreceptor function and vision impairment. Environmental risk factors include cigarette smoking, diet, and cholesterol level (summary by Allikmets et al., 1997). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of age-related macular degeneration, see 603075.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/501183">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_815853"><div><strong>Age related macular degeneration 13</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>815853</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3809523</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is a multifactorial disorder of the central retina that is the most prevalent cause of progressive vision loss in the developed world. As in other chronic age-related diseases, most cases result from interplay between multiple environmental and genetic factors, with a resultant spectrum of phenotypes. In rare cases, ARMD may manifest early, but there is an exponential rise in prevalence after the age of 60 years (summary by Pras et al., 2015). For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), see 603075.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/815853">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_816372"><div><strong>Age related macular degeneration 15</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>816372</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3810042</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Age-related macular degeneration mainly affects central vision, which is needed for detailed tasks such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces. The vision loss in this condition results from a gradual deterioration of light-sensing cells in the tissue at the back of the eye that detects light and color (the retina). Specifically, age-related macular degeneration affects a small area near the center of the retina, called the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Side (peripheral) vision and night vision are generally not affected, but slow adjustment of vision to darkness (dark adaptation) and reduced dim light (scotopic) vision often occur in the early stages of the disease.\n\nAge-related macular degeneration is an eye disease that is a leading cause of vision loss in older people in developed countries. Subtle abnormalities indicating changes in vision may occur in a person's forties or fifties. Distorted vision and vision loss usually become noticeable in a person's sixties or seventies and tend to worsen over time.\n\nIn 10 to 15 percent of affected individuals, the dry form progresses to the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. The wet form is characterized by the growth of abnormal, fragile blood vessels underneath the macula. These vessels leak blood and fluid, which damages the macula and makes central vision appear blurry and distorted. The wet form of age-related macular degeneration is associated with severe vision loss that can worsen rapidly.\n\nResearchers have described two major types of age-related macular degeneration, known as the dry form and the wet form. The dry form is much more common, accounting for 85 to 90 percent of all cases of age-related macular degeneration. It is characterized by a buildup of yellowish deposits called drusen beneath the retina and vision loss that worsens slowly over time. The most advanced stage of dry age-related macular degeneration is known as geographic atrophy, in which areas of the macula waste away (atrophy), resulting in severe vision loss. Dry age-related macular degeneration typically affects vision in both eyes, although vision loss often occurs in one eye before the other.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/816372">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_863118"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 70</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>863118</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4014681</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPF4 gene.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/863118">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_863723"><div><strong>Macular degeneration, early-onset</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>863723</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4015286</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/863723">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_899086"><div><strong>Senior-Loken syndrome 9</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>899086</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4225263</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Senior-Loken syndrome-9 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early-onset nephronophthisis and pigmentary retinopathy. Additional more variable features can include liver defects, skeletal anomalies, and obesity (summary by Bizet et al., 2015). For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Senior-Loken syndrome, see 266900.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/899086">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1648358"><div><strong>Intellectual developmental disorder and retinitis pigmentosa; IDDRP</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1648358</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4748658</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Intellectual developmental disorder and retinitis pigmentosa (IDDRP) is characterized by mildly to moderately impaired intellectual development and typical features of RP. Patients experience reduced night vision, constriction of visual fields, and reduced visual acuity; optic disc pallor, attenuated retinal blood vessels, and bone-spicule pigmentation are seen on funduscopy. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is observed in some patients (Tatour et al., 2017).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1648358">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1682048"><div><strong>Cone-rod dystrophy and hearing loss 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1682048</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5193018</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Cone-rod dystrophy and hearing loss-1 (CRDHL1) is characterized by relatively late onset of both ocular and hearing impairment. The funduscopic findings are characteristic, showing ring-shaped atrophy along the major vascular arcades that manifests on fundus autofluorescence as a hypoautofluorescent band along the vascular arcades surrounded by hyperautofluorescent borders (Namburi et al., 2016). Genetic Heterogeneity of Cone-Rod Dystrophy and Hearing Loss CRDHL2 (618358) is caused by mutation in the CEP250 gene (609689) on chromosome 20q11.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1682048">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1720448"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 88</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1720448</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5394208</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Retinitis pigmentosa-88 (RP88) is characterized by night blindness and constriction of peripheral visual fields, with mildly reduced visual acuity. Examination shows typical findings of RP, including attenuated retinal vessels, pale optic discs, and pigment deposits in the peripheral retinal pigment epithelium (Zobor et al., 2018; Hu et al., 2019; Albarry et al., 2019). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of RP, see 268000.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1720448">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1804752"><div><strong>Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, IIA 1H</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1804752</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5676926</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-1H (CMT1H) is an autosomal dominant peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy with onset usually in adulthood (third to fifth decades). Affected individuals present with foot deformities, upper or lower limb sensory disturbances, and motor deficits, mainly impaired gait. Of note, many patients complain of unpleasant sensory sensations in the upper extremities and hands. The disorder is slowly progressive and becomes more apparent with age, although patients usually remain ambulatory. Other features include hypo- or areflexia, limb muscle weakness, and impaired gait. Electrophysiologic studies are consistent with a demyelinating polyneuropathy. Rare patients may have hyperelastic skin or develop age-related macular degeneration (summary by Auer-Grumbach et al., 2011 and Safka Brozkova et al., 2020) For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1, see CMT1B (118200).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1804752">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1804209"><div><strong>Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 20 (mngie type)</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1804209</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5676934</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome-20 (MTDPS20) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder with variable manifestations and severity. Most patients develop symptoms in childhood, although the onset can range from infancy to the teenage years. Prominent features include severe gastrointestinal dysmotility often requiring parenteral nutrition, neurogenic bladder, and muscle weakness and atrophy. Neurologic involvement manifests as headaches, stroke-like episodes, seizures, pyramidal signs, and learning difficulties or cognitive decline. Brain imaging usually shows diffuse leukoencephalopathy and may show cerebellar atrophy. The disorder results from a defect in the maintenance and repair of mitochondrial DNA, resulting in mtDNA depletion and impaired mitochondrial function (summary by Bonora et al., 2021). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of mtDNA depletion syndromes, see MTDPS1 (603041).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1804209">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1841082"><div><strong>Cone-rod dystrophy 24</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1841082</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5830446</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Cone-rod dystrophy-24 (CORD24) is characterized by night blindness, defective color vision, and reduced visual acuity. Macular atrophy, macular pigmentation deposits, and drusen-like deposits in the macula have been observed. Age at onset varies widely, from the first to the sixth decades of live (Kobayashi et al., 2000; Huang et al., 2013; Zenteno et al., 2023). For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CORD, see CORD2 (120970).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1841082">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1841215"><div><strong>Retinitis pigmentosa 97</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1841215</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5830579</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Retinitis pigmentosa-97 (RP97) is characterized by onset of night blindness and visual field defects in the first decade of life, with later onset of reduced visual acuity (Kong et al., 2023). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of RP, see 268000.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1841215">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_400475" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Age related macular degeneration 1</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_393833" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Age related macular degeneration 11</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_815853" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Age related macular degeneration 13</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_816372" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Age related macular degeneration 15</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_501183" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Age related macular degeneration 2</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (46)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_339914" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Age related macular degeneration 4</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_462410" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Age related macular degeneration 6</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_347554" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Age related macular degeneration 7</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_698415" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_334499" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Bothnia retinal dystrophy</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1804752" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, IIA 1H</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_337598" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cone-rod dystrophy 10</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_322767" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cone-rod dystrophy 11</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_413025" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cone-rod dystrophy 13</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1841082" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cone-rod dystrophy 24</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_322083" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cone-rod dystrophy 5</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_381360" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cone-rod dystrophy 8</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1682048" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cone-rod dystrophy and hearing loss 1</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_316921" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congenital hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_388073" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hereditary spastic paraplegia 11</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341387" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hereditary spastic paraplegia 15</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1648358" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual developmental disorder and retinitis pigmentosa; IDDRP</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_373276" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Macular degeneration, age-related, 3</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_863723" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Macular degeneration, early-onset</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_463134" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Macular degeneration, X-linked atrophic</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1804209" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 20 (mngie type)</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_340540" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 1</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_155549" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 3</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_357280" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pseudoxanthoma elasticum, forme fruste</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_339002" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Renal coloboma syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_325055" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 11</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_351175" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 36</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_383126" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 41</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_462416" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 45</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_462540" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 48</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_462065" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 51</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_462229" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 58</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_863118" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 70</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1720448" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 88</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1841215" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinitis pigmentosa 97</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341455" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Saldino-Mainzer syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_899086" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Senior-Loken syndrome 9</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_383691" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Severe early-childhood-onset retinal dystrophy</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_11443" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sjögren-Larsson syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_156006" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spinocerebellar ataxia 7</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_355004" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Stargardt disease 4</a></div></span></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37737509">Treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration: A review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Girgis S,
|
||
Lee LR</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Exp Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2023 Nov;51(8):835-852.
|
||
Epub 2023 Sep 22
|
||
doi: 10.1111/ceo.14294.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37737509" target="_blank">37737509</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34130290">Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Pathophysiology, Management, and Future Perspectives.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Flores R,
|
||
Carneiro Â,
|
||
Vieira M,
|
||
Tenreiro S,
|
||
Seabra MC</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmologica</span>
|
||
2021;244(6):495-511.
|
||
Epub 2021 Jun 15
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000517520.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34130290" target="_blank">34130290</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33087239">The Diagnosis and Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Stahl A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dtsch Arztebl Int</span>
|
||
2020 Jul 20;117(29-30):513-520.
|
||
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2020.0513.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33087239" target="_blank">33087239</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7588619" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22macular%20degeneration%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1587)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34130290">Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Pathophysiology, Management, and Future Perspectives.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Flores R,
|
||
Carneiro Â,
|
||
Vieira M,
|
||
Tenreiro S,
|
||
Seabra MC</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmologica</span>
|
||
2021;244(6):495-511.
|
||
Epub 2021 Jun 15
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000517520.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34130290" target="_blank">34130290</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33926642">Age-Related Macular Degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Thomas CJ,
|
||
Mirza RG,
|
||
Gill MK</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2021 May;105(3):473-491.
|
||
Epub 2021 Apr 2
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.01.003.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33926642" target="_blank">33926642</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33504013">Neovascular Macular Degeneration: A Review of Etiology, Risk Factors, and Recent Advances in Research and Therapy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pugazhendhi A,
|
||
Hubbell M,
|
||
Jairam P,
|
||
Ambati B</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
|
||
2021 Jan 25;22(3)
|
||
doi: 10.3390/ijms22031170.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33504013" target="_blank">33504013</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7866170" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30303083">Age-related macular degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mitchell P,
|
||
Liew G,
|
||
Gopinath B,
|
||
Wong TY</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
|
||
2018 Sep 29;392(10153):1147-1159.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31550-2.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30303083" target="_blank">30303083</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24105633">Mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration and therapeutic opportunities.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">van Lookeren Campagne M,
|
||
LeCouter J,
|
||
Yaspan BL,
|
||
Ye W</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pathol</span>
|
||
2014 Jan;232(2):151-64.
|
||
doi: 10.1002/path.4266.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24105633" target="_blank">24105633</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Macular%20degeneration%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (12037)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36996856">Age-related macular degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Guymer RH,
|
||
Campbell TG</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
|
||
2023 Apr 29;401(10386):1459-1472.
|
||
Epub 2023 Mar 27
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02609-5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36996856" target="_blank">36996856</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34130290">Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Pathophysiology, Management, and Future Perspectives.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Flores R,
|
||
Carneiro Â,
|
||
Vieira M,
|
||
Tenreiro S,
|
||
Seabra MC</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmologica</span>
|
||
2021;244(6):495-511.
|
||
Epub 2021 Jun 15
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000517520.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34130290" target="_blank">34130290</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33926642">Age-Related Macular Degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Thomas CJ,
|
||
Mirza RG,
|
||
Gill MK</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2021 May;105(3):473-491.
|
||
Epub 2021 Apr 2
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.01.003.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33926642" target="_blank">33926642</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33087239">The Diagnosis and Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Stahl A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dtsch Arztebl Int</span>
|
||
2020 Jul 20;117(29-30):513-520.
|
||
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2020.0513.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33087239" target="_blank">33087239</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7588619" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33061811">The Role of Inflammation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tan W,
|
||
Zou J,
|
||
Yoshida S,
|
||
Jiang B,
|
||
Zhou Y</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Biol Sci</span>
|
||
2020;16(15):2989-3001.
|
||
Epub 2020 Sep 23
|
||
doi: 10.7150/ijbs.49890.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33061811" target="_blank">33061811</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7545698" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Macular%20degeneration%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (9040)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33159303">Embryonic Stem Cells in Clinical Trials: Current Overview of Developments and Challenges.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Golchin A,
|
||
Chatziparasidou A,
|
||
Ranjbarvan P,
|
||
Niknam Z,
|
||
Ardeshirylajimi A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Exp Med Biol</span>
|
||
2021;1312:19-37.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/5584_2020_592.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33159303" target="_blank">33159303</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32205470">Age-related macular degeneration therapy: a review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ammar MJ,
|
||
Hsu J,
|
||
Chiang A,
|
||
Ho AC,
|
||
Regillo CD</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2020 May;31(3):215-221.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000657.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32205470" target="_blank">32205470</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31768932">Brolucizumab: First Approval.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Markham A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Drugs</span>
|
||
2019 Dec;79(18):1997-2000.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s40265-019-01231-9.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31768932" target="_blank">31768932</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31409975">Complement system and age-related macular degeneration: drugs and challenges.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu J,
|
||
Sun X</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Drug Des Devel Ther</span>
|
||
2019;13:2413-2425.
|
||
Epub 2019 Jul 19
|
||
doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S206355.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31409975" target="_blank">31409975</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6650090" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22460118">Aflibercept.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Stewart MW,
|
||
Grippon S,
|
||
Kirkpatrick P</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Drug Discov</span>
|
||
2012 Mar 30;11(4):269-70.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/nrd3700.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22460118" target="_blank">22460118</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Macular%20degeneration%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8985)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30303083">Age-related macular degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mitchell P,
|
||
Liew G,
|
||
Gopinath B,
|
||
Wong TY</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
|
||
2018 Sep 29;392(10153):1147-1159.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31550-2.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30303083" target="_blank">30303083</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28189495">Retinal angiomatous proliferation.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tsai ASH,
|
||
Cheung N,
|
||
Gan ATL,
|
||
Jaffe GJ,
|
||
Sivaprasad S,
|
||
Wong TY,
|
||
Cheung CMG</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Surv Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2017 Jul-Aug;62(4):462-492.
|
||
Epub 2017 Feb 9
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.01.008.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28189495" target="_blank">28189495</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27914835">β-blockers and Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yeung L,
|
||
Huang TS,
|
||
Lin YH,
|
||
Hsu KH,
|
||
Chien-Chieh Huang J,
|
||
Sun CC</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmology</span>
|
||
2017 Mar;124(3):409-411.
|
||
Epub 2016 Nov 30
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.10.023.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27914835" target="_blank">27914835</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20696800">Age-related macular degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Noble J,
|
||
Chaudhary V</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">CMAJ</span>
|
||
2010 Nov 9;182(16):1759.
|
||
Epub 2010 Aug 9
|
||
doi: 10.1503/cmaj.090378.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20696800" target="_blank">20696800</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2972328" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11351954">Age-related macular degeneration. Wet type.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Brady LW,
|
||
Freire JE,
|
||
Yaeger TE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Radiat Ther Oncol</span>
|
||
2001;35:65-6.
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000061289.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11351954" target="_blank">11351954</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Macular%20degeneration%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (5432)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37671441">Understanding and interpreting CNN's decision in optical coherence tomography-based AMD detection.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Azoad Ahnaf SM,
|
||
Saha S,
|
||
Frost S,
|
||
Atiqur Rahaman GM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2024 May;34(3):803-815.
|
||
Epub 2023 Sep 6
|
||
doi: 10.1177/11206721231199126.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37671441" target="_blank">37671441</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37634759">Genome-Wide Meta-analysis Identifies Risk Loci and Improves Disease Prediction of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">He W,
|
||
Han X,
|
||
Ong JS,
|
||
Wu Y,
|
||
Hewitt AW,
|
||
Mackey DA,
|
||
Gharahkhani P,
|
||
MacGregor S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmology</span>
|
||
2024 Jan;131(1):16-29.
|
||
Epub 2023 Aug 25
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.08.023.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37634759" target="_blank">37634759</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34400662">Automatic detection of pathological myopia using machine learning.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rauf N,
|
||
Gilani SO,
|
||
Waris A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
|
||
2021 Aug 16;11(1):16570.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95205-1.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34400662" target="_blank">34400662</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8367943" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23518615">Detection of new-onset choroidal neovascularization.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Do DV</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2013 May;24(3):244-7.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e32835fd7dd.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23518615" target="_blank">23518615</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23506967">Measuring reading performance.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rubin GS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Vision Res</span>
|
||
2013 Sep 20;90:43-51.
|
||
Epub 2013 Mar 16
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2013.02.015.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23506967" target="_blank">23506967</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Macular%20degeneration%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6504)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35457041">Vitamin D and Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chan HN,
|
||
Zhang XJ,
|
||
Ling XT,
|
||
Bui CH,
|
||
Wang YM,
|
||
Ip P,
|
||
Chu WK,
|
||
Chen LJ,
|
||
Tham CC,
|
||
Yam JC,
|
||
Pang CP</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
|
||
2022 Apr 11;23(8)
|
||
doi: 10.3390/ijms23084226.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35457041" target="_blank">35457041</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9032397" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33576772">A Global Assessment of Eye Health and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Assi L,
|
||
Chamseddine F,
|
||
Ibrahim P,
|
||
Sabbagh H,
|
||
Rosman L,
|
||
Congdon N,
|
||
Evans J,
|
||
Ramke J,
|
||
Kuper H,
|
||
Burton MJ,
|
||
Ehrlich JR,
|
||
Swenor BK</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2021 May 1;139(5):526-541.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.0146.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33576772" target="_blank">33576772</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7881366" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29032195">Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Flaxman SR,
|
||
Bourne RRA,
|
||
Resnikoff S,
|
||
Ackland P,
|
||
Braithwaite T,
|
||
Cicinelli MV,
|
||
Das A,
|
||
Jonas JB,
|
||
Keeffe J,
|
||
Kempen JH,
|
||
Leasher J,
|
||
Limburg H,
|
||
Naidoo K,
|
||
Pesudovs K,
|
||
Silvester A,
|
||
Stevens GA,
|
||
Tahhan N,
|
||
Wong TY,
|
||
Taylor HR;
|
||
Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Glob Health</span>
|
||
2017 Dec;5(12):e1221-e1234.
|
||
Epub 2017 Oct 11
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30393-5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29032195" target="_blank">29032195</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26978865">AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gheorghe A,
|
||
Mahdi L,
|
||
Musat O</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rom J Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2015 Apr-Jun;59(2):74-7.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26978865" target="_blank">26978865</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5712933" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25104651">Global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and disease burden projection for 2020 and 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wong WL,
|
||
Su X,
|
||
Li X,
|
||
Cheung CM,
|
||
Klein R,
|
||
Cheng CY,
|
||
Wong TY</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Glob Health</span>
|
||
2014 Feb;2(2):e106-16.
|
||
Epub 2014 Jan 3
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70145-1.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25104651" target="_blank">25104651</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Macular%20degeneration%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (443)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
||
<div id="messagearea_bottom">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class=" bottom">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
||
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- MedGen supplemental column starts here -->
|
||
<div class="rightCol mgCol">
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
|
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
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|
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||
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0024437%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (1)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0024437%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (1)</a></li>
|
||
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0024437%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (1)</a></total></li>
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</ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Macular%20degeneration" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_121">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22macular%20degeneration%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Macular%20degeneration%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&query=Macular%20degeneration" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li></ul></div>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
<div class="portlet brieflink">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head">
|
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<div class="portlet_title">
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||
<h3>Reviews</h3>
|
||
</div>
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<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews.Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="Reviews" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews.Shutter"></a>
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||
<div class="portlet_content">
|
||
<ul>
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||
<li>
|
||
<a href="/pubmed/clinical?term=Macular%20degeneration" ref="ncbi_uid=&discoId=gtr_reviews&linkpos=1&linkpostotal=2" target="_blank">PubMed Clinical Queries</a>
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||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="/pubmed?term=Macular%20degeneration%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&discoId=gtr_reviews&linkpos=2&linkpostotal=2" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
||
<!-- MedGen supplemental column ends here -->
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||
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||
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<h3>Related information</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
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||
</div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content DiscoveryDbLinks">
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||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=7434" ref="log$=recordlinks">ClinVar</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related medical variations</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C0024437[DISCUI]" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in GTR</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C0024437[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR(Clinical)</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Clinical tests in GTR</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
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||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/mesh?LinkName=medgen_mesh&from_uid=7434" ref="log$=recordlinks">MeSH</a>
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related Medical Subject Headings</div>
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</li>
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<li class="brieflinkpopper">
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||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim&from_uid=7434" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related records in OMIM</div>
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||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
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||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pmc?LinkName=medgen_pmc&from_uid=7434" ref="log$=recordlinks">PMC Articles</a>
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in PubMed Central Links</div>
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||
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed&from_uid=7434" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed</a>
|
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_omim&from_uid=7434" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (OMIM)</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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||
|
||
|
||
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|
||
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<div class="portlet_title">
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<h3>Recent activity</h3>
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<div id="HTDisplay" class="">
|
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<input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Cmd" sid="1" type="hidden" />
|
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<div class="action">
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<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory" sid="1" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory" cmd="ClearHT" href="?cmd=ClearHT&" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory">
|
||
Clear
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" sid="1" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" class="HTOn" cmd="HTOff" href="?cmd=HTOff&" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle">
|
||
Turn Off
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" sid="2" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" class="HTOff" cmd="HTOn" href="?cmd=HTOn&" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle">
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Turn On
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|
||
</div>
|
||
<ul id="activity">
|
||
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
|
||
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d4ee5fcde49f3df71728f7">Macular degeneration</a>
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