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<meta name="keywords" content="C0233623, mental or behavioral dysfunction, neurotic picking at nails, onychotillomania, onychotillomania (pulling out nails), autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Onychotillomania is characterized by the compulsive or irresistible urge in patients to pick at, pull off, or harmfully bite or chew their nails." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=65438
ConceptID=C0233623
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Onychotillomania</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65438</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0233623</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Onychotillomania (pulling out nails)</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Onychotillomania (60259009); Neurotic picking at nails (60259009)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0032509">HP:0032509</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Onychotillomania is characterized by the compulsive or irresistible urge in patients to pick at, pull off, or harmfully bite or chew their nails. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Onychotillomania</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868417" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal nervous system physiology">Abnormal nervous system physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868938" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of mental function">Abnormality of mental function</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/14048" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Atypical behavior">Atypical behavior</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842106" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sensory behavioral abnormality">Sensory behavioral abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1814422" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sensory seeking">Sensory seeking</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842082" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tactile sensory seeking">Tactile sensory seeking</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Onychotillomania</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_162881"><div><strong>Smith-Magenis syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>162881</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0795864</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is characterized by distinctive physical features (particularly coarse facial features that progress with age), developmental delay, cognitive impairment, behavioral abnormalities, sleep disturbance, and childhood-onset abdominal obesity. Infants have feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, hypotonia, hyporeflexia, prolonged napping or need to be awakened for feeds, and generalized lethargy. The majority of individuals function in the mild-to-moderate range of intellectual disability. The behavioral phenotype, including significant sleep disturbance, stereotypies, and maladaptive and self-injurious behaviors, is generally not recognized until age 18 months or older and continues to change until adulthood. Sensory issues are frequently noted; these may include avoidant behavior, as well as repetitive seeking of textures, sounds, and experiences. Toileting difficulties are common. Significant anxiety is common as are problems with executive functioning, including inattention, distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Maladaptive behaviors include frequent outbursts / temper tantrums, attention-seeking behaviors, opposition, aggression, and self-injurious behaviors including self-hitting, self-biting, skin picking, inserting foreign objects into body orifices (polyembolokoilamania), and yanking fingernails and/or toenails (onychotillomania). Among the stereotypic behaviors described, the spasmodic upper-body squeeze or "self-hug" seems to be highly associated with SMS. An underlying developmental asynchrony, specifically emotional maturity delayed beyond intellectual functioning, may also contribute to maladaptive behaviors in people with SMS.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/162881">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_162881" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Smith-Magenis syndrome</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35681955">The Potential of N-Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Trichotillomania, Excoriation Disorder, Onychophagia, and Onychotillomania: An Updated Literature Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee DK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Environ Res Public Health</span>
2022 May 24;19(11)
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116370.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35681955" target="_blank">35681955</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9180086" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35620921">Oral N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of Onychotillomania.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nguyen B,
Hawash AA,
Tosti A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2022 Aug;35(8):e15605.
Epub 2022 Jun 7
doi: 10.1111/dth.15605.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35620921" target="_blank">35620921</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28488241">Onychotillomania: Diagnosis and Management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Halteh P,
Scher RK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Clin Dermatol</span>
2017 Dec;18(6):763-770.
doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0289-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28488241" target="_blank">28488241</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22onychotillomania%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37813711">Self-induced nail disorders (SINDs): What do we know so far?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Starace M,
Cedirian S,
Alessandrini A,
Bruni F,
Piraccini BM,
Iorizzo M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Dermatol Venereol</span>
2023 Dec;150(4):253-259.
Epub 2023 Oct 7
doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2023.05.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37813711" target="_blank">37813711</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35681955">The Potential of N-Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Trichotillomania, Excoriation Disorder, Onychophagia, and Onychotillomania: An Updated Literature Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee DK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Environ Res Public Health</span>
2022 May 24;19(11)
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116370.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35681955" target="_blank">35681955</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9180086" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29660424">Dermoscopic features of onychotillomania: A study of 36 cases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maddy AJ,
Tosti A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Dermatol</span>
2018 Oct;79(4):702-705.
Epub 2018 Apr 14
doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.04.015.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29660424" target="_blank">29660424</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23756561">Onychophagia and onychotillomania: prevalence, clinical picture and comorbidities.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pacan P,
Grzesiak M,
Reich A,
Kantorska-Janiec M,
Szepietowski JC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Derm Venereol</span>
2014 Jan;94(1):67-71.
doi: 10.2340/00015555-1616.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23756561" target="_blank">23756561</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1923977">Obsessive-compulsive disorders in the pediatric dermatology practice.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Koo JY,
Smith LL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Dermatol</span>
1991 Jun;8(2):107-13.
doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.1991.tb00296.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1923977" target="_blank">1923977</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Onychotillomania%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (5)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37813711">Self-induced nail disorders (SINDs): What do we know so far?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Starace M,
Cedirian S,
Alessandrini A,
Bruni F,
Piraccini BM,
Iorizzo M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Dermatol Venereol</span>
2023 Dec;150(4):253-259.
Epub 2023 Oct 7
doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2023.05.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37813711" target="_blank">37813711</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35329078">Update on Diagnosis and Management of Onychophagia and Onychotillomania.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee DK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Environ Res Public Health</span>
2022 Mar 13;19(6)
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063392.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35329078" target="_blank">35329078</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8953487" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31444827">N-Acetylcysteine in psychodermatological disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nwankwo CO,
Jafferany M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2019 Sep;32(5):e13073.
Epub 2019 Sep 4
doi: 10.1111/dth.13073.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31444827" target="_blank">31444827</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28488241">Onychotillomania: Diagnosis and Management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Halteh P,
Scher RK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Clin Dermatol</span>
2017 Dec;18(6):763-770.
doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0289-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28488241" target="_blank">28488241</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25300900">The habit tic: onychotillomania.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Najafi S,
Aronowitz P,
Thompson GR 3rd</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Gen Intern Med</span>
2015 Feb;30(2):264.
Epub 2014 Oct 10
doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-2991-x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25300900" target="_blank">25300900</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4314500" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Onychotillomania%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (22)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35681955">The Potential of N-Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Trichotillomania, Excoriation Disorder, Onychophagia, and Onychotillomania: An Updated Literature Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee DK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Environ Res Public Health</span>
2022 May 24;19(11)
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116370.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35681955" target="_blank">35681955</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9180086" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31444827">N-Acetylcysteine in psychodermatological disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nwankwo CO,
Jafferany M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2019 Sep;32(5):e13073.
Epub 2019 Sep 4
doi: 10.1111/dth.13073.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31444827" target="_blank">31444827</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31178108">Self-induced dermatoses: A great imitator.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta MA,
Gupta AK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Dermatol</span>
2019 May-Jun;37(3):268-277.
Epub 2019 Jan 11
doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2019.01.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31178108" target="_blank">31178108</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30246706">N-acetylcysteine in dermatology.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Adil M,
Amin SS,
Mohtashim M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol</span>
2018 Nov-Dec;84(6):652-659.
doi: 10.4103/ijdvl.IJDVL_33_18.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30246706" target="_blank">30246706</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28488241">Onychotillomania: Diagnosis and Management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Halteh P,
Scher RK,
Lipner SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Clin Dermatol</span>
2017 Dec;18(6):763-770.
doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0289-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28488241" target="_blank">28488241</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Onychotillomania%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (14)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39529374">Rehabilitation of a 13-Year History of Habitual Tic-Induced Nail Dystrophy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen L,
Li Z,
Liu T</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cosmet Dermatol</span>
2025 Jan;24(1):e16641.
Epub 2024 Nov 11
doi: 10.1111/jocd.16641.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39529374" target="_blank">39529374</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11743339" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31444827">N-Acetylcysteine in psychodermatological disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nwankwo CO,
Jafferany M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2019 Sep;32(5):e13073.
Epub 2019 Sep 4
doi: 10.1111/dth.13073.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31444827" target="_blank">31444827</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29660424">Dermoscopic features of onychotillomania: A study of 36 cases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maddy AJ,
Tosti A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Dermatol</span>
2018 Oct;79(4):702-705.
Epub 2018 Apr 14
doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.04.015.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29660424" target="_blank">29660424</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24514910">Onychotillomania in the course of depression: a case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Grzesiak M,
Pacan P,
Reich A,
Szepietowski JC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Derm Venereol</span>
2014 Nov;94(6):745-6.
doi: 10.2340/00015555-1805.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24514910" target="_blank">24514910</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23245982">Emotional regulation, dissociation, and the self-induced dermatoses: clinical features and implications for treatment with mood stabilizers.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta MA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Dermatol</span>
2013 Jan-Feb;31(1):110-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.11.015.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23245982" target="_blank">23245982</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Onychotillomania%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (5)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36403006">Fluoxetine for the treatment of onychotillomania associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aljhani S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Med Case Rep</span>
2022 Nov 20;16(1):431.
doi: 10.1186/s13256-022-03652-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36403006" target="_blank">36403006</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9675954" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29660424">Dermoscopic features of onychotillomania: A study of 36 cases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maddy AJ,
Tosti A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Dermatol</span>
2018 Oct;79(4):702-705.
Epub 2018 Apr 14
doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.04.015.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29660424" target="_blank">29660424</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16647992">Neurologic and developmental features of the Smith-Magenis syndrome (del 17p11.2).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gropman AL,
Duncan WC,
Smith AC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Neurol</span>
2006 May;34(5):337-50.
doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2005.08.018.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16647992" target="_blank">16647992</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1746552">Molecular analysis of the Smith-Magenis syndrome: a possible contiguous-gene syndrome associated with del(17)(p11.2).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Greenberg F,
Guzzetta V,
Montes de Oca-Luna R,
Magenis RE,
Smith AC,
Richter SF,
Kondo I,
Dobyns WB,
Patel PI,
Lupski JR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Hum Genet</span>
1991 Dec;49(6):1207-18.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1746552" target="_blank">1746552</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1686451" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Onychotillomania%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4)</a></div></div>
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