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<meta name="keywords" content="C3150926, anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type 4, anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type iv, anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type iva, cda due to klf1 mutation, cda iv, cda type 4, cda type iv, cda, type 4, cda, type iv, cda, type iva, cdan4, congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia due to klf1 mutation, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia due to klf1 mutation, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 4, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type iv, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, type iv, disease or syndrome, dyserythropoietic anemia, congenital, type iv, klf1, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type IVa (CDAN4A) is an autosomal dominant red blood cell disorder characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis and hemolysis resulting in anemia. Circulating erythroblasts and erythroblasts in the bone marrow show various morphologic abnormalities. Affected individuals with CDAN4A also have increased levels of fetal hemoglobin (summary by Arnaud et al., 2010).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, see CDAN1 (224120)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 4 (Concept Id: C3150926)
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<!--
UID=462276
ConceptID=C3150926
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 4<span class="h1sub">(CDAN4)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>462276</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3150926</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>ANEMIA, CONGENITAL DYSERYTHROPOIETIC, TYPE IVa; CDA, TYPE IVa; Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, type IV</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type IV (719453009); Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 4 (719453009)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141047"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141047</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0443147</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.</div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141047" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="KLF1 - ID: 10661 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/10661" class="medgenPMinfo">KLF1</a> (19p13.13)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0013355" target="_blank">MONDO:0013355</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/613673" target="_blank">613673</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=293825">ORPHA293825</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type IVa (CDAN4A) is an autosomal dominant red blood cell disorder characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis and hemolysis resulting in anemia. Circulating erythroblasts and erythroblasts in the bone marrow show various morphologic abnormalities. Affected individuals with CDAN4A also have increased levels of fetal hemoglobin (summary by Arnaud et al., 2010).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, see CDAN1 (224120). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_163083"><div><strong>Hypospadias</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>163083</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0848558</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/163083">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypospadias%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20163083%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1633603"><div><strong>Micropenis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1633603</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551492</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally small penis. At birth, the normal penis is about 3 cm (stretched length from pubic tubercle to tip of penis) with micropenis less than 2.0-2.5 cm.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1633603">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Micropenis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201633603%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_2881"><div><strong>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>2881</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0007194</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is defined by the presence of increased ventricular wall thickness or mass in the absence of loading conditions (hypertension, valve disease) sufficient to cause the observed abnormality.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/2881">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypertrophic%20cardiomyopathy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%202881%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87607"><div><strong>Short stature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87607</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0349588</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87607">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20stature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087607%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_853198"><div><strong>Weight loss</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>853198</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1262477</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduction of total body weight.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/853198">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Weight%20loss%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20853198%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42428"><div><strong>Hepatomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019209</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased size of the liver.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9225"><div><strong>Hepatosplenomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9225</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019214</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Simultaneous enlargement of the liver and spleen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9225">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatosplenomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209225%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1526"><div><strong>Anemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1526</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0002871</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction in erythrocytes volume or hemoglobin concentration.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1526">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201526%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1916"><div><strong>Hemolytic anemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1916</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0002878</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of anemia caused by premature destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1916">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hemolytic%20anemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201916%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_4536"><div><strong>Erythroid hyperplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>4536</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0014800</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased count of erythroid precursor cells, that is, erythroid lineage cells in the bone marrow.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/4536">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Erythroid%20hyperplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%204536%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_60089"><div><strong>Reticulocytosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>60089</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0206160</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An elevation in the number of reticulocytes (immature erythrocytes) in the peripheral blood circulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/60089">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reticulocytosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2060089%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66371"><div><strong>Anisocytosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66371</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221278</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased variability in the size of erythrocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66371">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anisocytosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066371%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_67451"><div><strong>Poikilocytosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>67451</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221281</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of abnormally shaped erythrocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/67451">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Poikilocytosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2067451%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_68693"><div><strong>Persistence of hemoglobin F</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>68693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239941</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hemoglobin F (HbF) contains two globin alpha chains and two globin gamma chains. It is the main form of hemoglobin in the fetus during the last seven months of intrauterine development and in the half year of postnatal life. In adults it normally makes up less than one percent of all hemoglobin. This term refers to an increase in HbF above this limit. In beta thalassemia major, it may represent over 90 percent of all hemoglobin, and in beta thalassemia minor it may make up between 0.5 to 4 percent.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/68693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Persistence%20of%20hemoglobin%20F%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2068693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_576247"><div><strong>Schistocytosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>576247</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0344386</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Laboratory or Test Result</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of an abnormal number of fragmented red blood cells (schistocytes) in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen?term=%22Schistocytosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20576247%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_95937"><div><strong>Anemia of inadequate production</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>95937</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0392708</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A kind of anemia characterized by inadequate production of erythrocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/95937">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anemia%20of%20inadequate%20production%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2095937%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1630955"><div><strong>Reduced hematocrit</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1630955</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0744727</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction below the normal ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1630955">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reduced%20hematocrit%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201630955%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1630967"><div><strong>Increased RBC distribution width</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1630967</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0948014</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a simple parameter of the standard full blood count and a measure of heterogeneity in the size of circulating erythrocytes. It is provided by automated hematology analyzers and it reflects the range of the red cell size. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation of erythrocyte volume by the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and multiplied by 100 to convert to a percentage.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1630967">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Increased%20RBC%20distribution%20width%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201630967%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1670936"><div><strong>Decreased hemoglobin concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1670936</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4732750</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal reduction below normal hemoglobin concentration in the circulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1670936">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20hemoglobin%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201670936%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1785393"><div><strong>Circulating nucleated red blood cells</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1785393</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5539477</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of nucleated red blood cells in the peripheral blood circulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1785393">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Circulating%20nucleated%20red%20blood%20cells%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201785393%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_67453"><div><strong>Frontal bossing</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>67453</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221354</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/67453">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Frontal%20bossing%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2067453%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_400926"><div><strong>Wide anterior fontanel</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>400926</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1866134</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Enlargement of the anterior fontanelle with respect to age-dependent norms.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/400926">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Wide%20anterior%20fontanel%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20400926%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_52469"><div><strong>Splenomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>52469</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0038002</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal increased size of the spleen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/52469">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Splenomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2052469%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_82786"><div><strong>Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>82786</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268306</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased amount of unconjugated (indirect) bilurubin in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/82786">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Unconjugated%20hyperbilirubinemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2082786%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_86321"><div><strong>Hyperbilirubinemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>86321</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0311468</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased amount of bilirubin in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/86321">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyperbilirubinemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2086321%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1377250"><div><strong>Increased circulating lactate dehydrogenase concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1377250</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4477095</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An elevated level of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase in the blood circulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1377250">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Increased%20circulating%20lactate%20dehydrogenase%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201377250%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1686017"><div><strong>Reduced haptoglobin level</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1686017</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5209264</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally low concentration of haptoglobin in the blood circulation. Decreased haptoglobin in conjunction with increased reticulocyte count and anemia may indicate hemolysis. Decreased haptoglobin levels can also occur in the absence of hemolysis, due to cirrhosis of the liver, disseminated ovarian carcinomatosis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, and elevated estrogen state.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1686017">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reduced%20haptoglobin%20level%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201686017%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6947"><div><strong>Hydrops fetalis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6947</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020305</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The abnormal accumulation of fluid in two or more fetal compartments, including ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and skin edema.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6947">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hydrops%20fetalis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206947%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6991"><div><strong>Hypothyroidism</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6991</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020676</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Deficiency of thyroid hormone.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6991">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypothyroidism%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206991%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1526" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_95937" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anemia of inadequate production</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66371" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anisocytosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1785393" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Circulating nucleated red blood cells</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1670936" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased hemoglobin concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_4536" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Erythroid hyperplasia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1916" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hemolytic anemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1630967" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Increased RBC distribution width</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_68693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Persistence of hemoglobin F</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_67451" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Poikilocytosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1630955" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reduced hematocrit</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_60089" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reticulocytosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_576247" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Schistocytosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_86321" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperbilirubinemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1377250" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Increased circulating lactate dehydrogenase concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1686017" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reduced haptoglobin level</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_82786" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of prenatal development or birth</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6947" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hydrops fetalis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_2881" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatomegaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9225" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatosplenomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the endocrine system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6991" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypothyroidism</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_163083" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypospadias</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1633603" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Micropenis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the immune system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_52469" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Splenomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_67453" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Frontal bossing</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_400926" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Wide anterior fontanel</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87607" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short stature</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_853198" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Weight loss</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0002876[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=8064">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=8064" ref="ncbi_uid=8064">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/8064" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=8064&amp;link_uid=8064" title="View MedGen record for 'Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia'">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia</a></span><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3150926[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=462276">C</a></span><span class="chiclet Rcolor round" title="Research test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3150926[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Research&amp;redirect=true" ref="ncbi_uid=462276">R</a></span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=462276" target="_blank" href="/omim/600599">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=462276" ref="ncbi_uid=462276">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 4</span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0271933[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=82891">C</a></span><span class="chiclet Rcolor round" title="Research test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0271933[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Research&amp;redirect=true" ref="ncbi_uid=82891">R</a></span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=82891" target="_blank" href="/omim/224120">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK5313/" ref="ncbi_uid=82891">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=82891" ref="ncbi_uid=82891">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/82891" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=82891&amp;link_uid=82891" title="View MedGen record for 'Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, type I'">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, type I</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5574667[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1807106">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1807106" target="_blank" href="/omim/224120">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK5313/" ref="ncbi_uid=1807106">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1807106" ref="ncbi_uid=1807106">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1807106" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1807106&amp;link_uid=1807106" title="View MedGen record for 'Anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type 1a'">Anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type 1a</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3810185[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=816515">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=816515" target="_blank" href="/omim/615626">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK5313/" ref="ncbi_uid=816515">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=816515" ref="ncbi_uid=816515">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/816515" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=816515&amp;link_uid=816515" title="View MedGen record for 'Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type type 1B'">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type type 1B</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1306589[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=266296">C</a></span><span class="chiclet Rcolor round" title="Research test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1306589[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Research&amp;redirect=true" ref="ncbi_uid=266296">R</a></span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=266296" target="_blank" href="/omim/224100">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=266296" ref="ncbi_uid=266296">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/266296" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=266296&amp;link_uid=266296" title="View MedGen record for 'Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, type II'">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, type II</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C5676874[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1801596">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1801596" target="_blank" href="/omim/105600">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1801596" ref="ncbi_uid=1801596">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1801596" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1801596&amp;link_uid=1801596" title="View MedGen record for 'Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, type III'">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, type III</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3550789[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=763703">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=763703" target="_blank" href="/omim/300367">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1364/" ref="ncbi_uid=763703">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=763703" ref="ncbi_uid=763703">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/763703" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=763703&amp;link_uid=763703" title="View MedGen record for 'Thrombocytopenia, X-linked, with or without dyserythropoietic anemia'">Thrombocytopenia, X-linked, with or without dyserythropoietic anemia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/163092" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues">Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/488883" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal erythrocyte morphology">Abnormal erythrocyte morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1526" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Anemia">Anemia</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/102361" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Congenital anemia">Congenital anemia</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/8064" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 4</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=156&amp;PatId=20875&amp;search=Disease_Classif_Simple&amp;new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 4</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27471141">Analysis of a cohort of 101 CDAII patients: description of 24 new molecular variants and genotype-phenotype correlations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bianchi P,
Schwarz K,
Högel J,
Fermo E,
Vercellati C,
Grosse R,
van Wijk R,
van Zwieten R,
Barcellini W,
Zanella A,
Heimpel H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Haematol</span>
2016 Nov;175(4):696-704.
Epub 2016 Jul 29
doi: 10.1111/bjh.14271.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27471141" target="_blank">27471141</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17117609">Successful treatment of iron overload with phlebotomies in two siblings with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia--type II (CDA-II).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chrobák L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove)</span>
2006;49(3):193-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17117609" target="_blank">17117609</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(congenital%20dyserythropoietic%20anemia%20type%204)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (2)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37558589">A stepwise diagnostic approach for undiagnosed Anemia in children: A model for low-middle income country.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aly NH,
Elalfy MS,
Elhabashy SA,
Mowafy NM,
Russo R,
Andolfo I,
Iolascon A,
Ragab IA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood Cells Mol Dis</span>
2023 Nov;103:102779.
Epub 2023 Jul 16
doi: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102779.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37558589" target="_blank">37558589</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35288346">Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia: A Report from the Pediatric Transplant and Cellular Therapy Consortium.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rangarajan HG,
Stanek JR,
Abdel-Azim H,
Modi A,
Haight A,
McKinney CM,
McKeone DJ,
Buchbinder DK,
Katsanis E,
Abusin GA,
Ahmed I,
Law J,
Silva JG,
Mallhi KK,
Burroughs LM,
Shah N,
Shaw PJ,
Greiner R,
Shenoy S,
Pulsipher MA,
Abu-Arja R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Transplant Cell Ther</span>
2022 Jun;28(6):329.e1-329.e9.
Epub 2022 Mar 11
doi: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.03.007.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35288346" target="_blank">35288346</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32655575">Congenital Hemolytic Anemias: Is There a Role for the Immune System?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zaninoni A,
Fermo E,
Vercellati C,
Marcello AP,
Barcellini W,
Bianchi P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Immunol</span>
2020;11:1309.
Epub 2020 Jun 23
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01309.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32655575" target="_blank">32655575</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7324678" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28755517">Morphological features of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I: The role of electron microscopy in diagnosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Resnitzky P,
Shaft D,
Shalev H,
Kapelushnik J,
Dgany O,
Krasnov T,
Tamary H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Haematol</span>
2017 Oct;99(4):366-371.
Epub 2017 Aug 29
doi: 10.1111/ejh.12931.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28755517" target="_blank">28755517</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24724984">Successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Unal S,
Russo R,
Gumruk F,
Kuskonmaz B,
Cetin M,
Sayli T,
Tavil B,
Langella C,
Iolascon A,
Uckan Cetinkaya D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Transplant</span>
2014 Jun;18(4):E130-3.
Epub 2014 Apr 12
doi: 10.1111/petr.12254.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24724984" target="_blank">24724984</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Congenital%20dyserythropoietic%20anemia%20type%204%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (21)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37558589">A stepwise diagnostic approach for undiagnosed Anemia in children: A model for low-middle income country.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aly NH,
Elalfy MS,
Elhabashy SA,
Mowafy NM,
Russo R,
Andolfo I,
Iolascon A,
Ragab IA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood Cells Mol Dis</span>
2023 Nov;103:102779.
Epub 2023 Jul 16
doi: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102779.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37558589" target="_blank">37558589</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31900952">Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type I with nails and bone abnormalities.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">García-Zamora E,
Naz-Villalba E,
Pampín-Franco A,
García-Iñigo FJ,
López-Estebaranz JL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Exp Dermatol</span>
2020 Jun;45(4):515-517.
Epub 2020 Jan 4
doi: 10.1111/ced.14154.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31900952" target="_blank">31900952</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28755517">Morphological features of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I: The role of electron microscopy in diagnosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Resnitzky P,
Shaft D,
Shalev H,
Kapelushnik J,
Dgany O,
Krasnov T,
Tamary H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Haematol</span>
2017 Oct;99(4):366-371.
Epub 2017 Aug 29
doi: 10.1111/ejh.12931.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28755517" target="_blank">28755517</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24724984">Successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Unal S,
Russo R,
Gumruk F,
Kuskonmaz B,
Cetin M,
Sayli T,
Tavil B,
Langella C,
Iolascon A,
Uckan Cetinkaya D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Transplant</span>
2014 Jun;18(4):E130-3.
Epub 2014 Apr 12
doi: 10.1111/petr.12254.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24724984" target="_blank">24724984</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24724939">Intrauterine therapy in a fetus with congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type I.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lin SM,
Chen M,
Ma ES,
Lam YH,
Wong KY,
Tang MH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Obstet Gynaecol</span>
2014 May;34(4):352-3.
Epub 2014 Apr 11
doi: 10.3109/01443615.2013.859238.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24724939" target="_blank">24724939</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Congenital%20dyserythropoietic%20anemia%20type%204%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (29)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39079928">Designing a single-arm phase 2 clinical trial of mitapivat for adult patients with erythrocyte membranopathies (SATISFY): a framework for interventional trials in rare anaemias - pilot study protocol.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Glenthøj A,
van Beers EJ,
van Wijk R,
Rab MAE,
Groot E,
Vejlstrup N,
Toft N,
Bendtsen SK,
Petersen J,
Helby J,
Chermat F,
Fenaux P,
Kuo KHM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Open</span>
2024 Jul 30;14(7):e083691.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083691.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39079928" target="_blank">39079928</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11293418" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35288346">Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia: A Report from the Pediatric Transplant and Cellular Therapy Consortium.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rangarajan HG,
Stanek JR,
Abdel-Azim H,
Modi A,
Haight A,
McKinney CM,
McKeone DJ,
Buchbinder DK,
Katsanis E,
Abusin GA,
Ahmed I,
Law J,
Silva JG,
Mallhi KK,
Burroughs LM,
Shah N,
Shaw PJ,
Greiner R,
Shenoy S,
Pulsipher MA,
Abu-Arja R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Transplant Cell Ther</span>
2022 Jun;28(6):329.e1-329.e9.
Epub 2022 Mar 11
doi: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.03.007.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35288346" target="_blank">35288346</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31505487">Managing the Unusual Causes of Fetal Anemia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maisonneuve E,
Ben M'Barek I,
Leblanc T,
Da Costa L,
Friszer S,
Pernot F,
Thomas P,
Castaigne V,
Toly N'Dour C,
Mailloux A,
Cortey A,
Jouannic JM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Fetal Diagn Ther</span>
2020;47(2):156-164.
Epub 2019 Sep 10
doi: 10.1159/000501554.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31505487" target="_blank">31505487</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27960647">Proton pump inhibitors use suppresses iron absorption in congenital dyserythropoietic anemia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shalev H,
Quider AA,
Harosh MB,
Kapelushnik J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Hematol Oncol</span>
2016 Oct-Nov;33(7-8):457-461.
doi: 10.1080/08880018.2016.1247392.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27960647" target="_blank">27960647</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16141353">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I (CDA I): molecular genetics, clinical appearance, and prognosis based on long-term observation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Heimpel H,
Schwarz K,
Ebnöther M,
Goede JS,
Heydrich D,
Kamp T,
Plaumann L,
Rath B,
Roessler J,
Schildknecht O,
Schmid M,
Wuillemin W,
Einsiedler B,
Leichtle R,
Tamary H,
Kohne E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood</span>
2006 Jan 1;107(1):334-40.
Epub 2005 Sep 1
doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0421.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16141353" target="_blank">16141353</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Congenital%20dyserythropoietic%20anemia%20type%204%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (9)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31505487">Managing the Unusual Causes of Fetal Anemia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maisonneuve E,
Ben M'Barek I,
Leblanc T,
Da Costa L,
Friszer S,
Pernot F,
Thomas P,
Castaigne V,
Toly N'Dour C,
Mailloux A,
Cortey A,
Jouannic JM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Fetal Diagn Ther</span>
2020;47(2):156-164.
Epub 2019 Sep 10
doi: 10.1159/000501554.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31505487" target="_blank">31505487</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24123799">Successful treatment of an infant with CDA type II by intrauterine transfusions and postnatal stem cell transplantation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Braun M,
Wölfl M,
Wiegering V,
Winkler B,
Ertan K,
Bald R,
Schwarz K,
Heimpel H,
Eyrich M,
Schlegel PG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Blood Cancer</span>
2014 Apr;61(4):743-5.
Epub 2013 Oct 3
doi: 10.1002/pbc.24786.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24123799" target="_blank">24123799</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16141353">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I (CDA I): molecular genetics, clinical appearance, and prognosis based on long-term observation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Heimpel H,
Schwarz K,
Ebnöther M,
Goede JS,
Heydrich D,
Kamp T,
Plaumann L,
Rath B,
Roessler J,
Schildknecht O,
Schmid M,
Wuillemin W,
Einsiedler B,
Leichtle R,
Tamary H,
Kohne E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood</span>
2006 Jan 1;107(1):334-40.
Epub 2005 Sep 1
doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0421.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16141353" target="_blank">16141353</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16281933">Advances in the understanding of the congenital dyserythropoietic anaemias.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wickramasinghe SN,
Wood WG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Haematol</span>
2005 Nov;131(4):431-46.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2005.05757.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16281933" target="_blank">16281933</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3096054">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I: report of a pair of siblings.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mori PG,
Favareto F,
Schenone A,
Molinari AC,
Boeri E,
Massimo L,
Bandelloni R,
Sansone G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Haematol</span>
1986;75(4):219-23.
doi: 10.1159/000206129.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3096054" target="_blank">3096054</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Congenital%20dyserythropoietic%20anemia%20type%204%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17117609">Successful treatment of iron overload with phlebotomies in two siblings with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia--type II (CDA-II).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chrobák L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove)</span>
2006;49(3):193-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17117609" target="_blank">17117609</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16141353">Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I (CDA I): molecular genetics, clinical appearance, and prognosis based on long-term observation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Heimpel H,
Schwarz K,
Ebnöther M,
Goede JS,
Heydrich D,
Kamp T,
Plaumann L,
Rath B,
Roessler J,
Schildknecht O,
Schmid M,
Wuillemin W,
Einsiedler B,
Leichtle R,
Tamary H,
Kohne E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood</span>
2006 Jan 1;107(1):334-40.
Epub 2005 Sep 1
doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0421.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16141353" target="_blank">16141353</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16281933">Advances in the understanding of the congenital dyserythropoietic anaemias.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wickramasinghe SN,
Wood WG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Haematol</span>
2005 Nov;131(4):431-46.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2005.05757.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16281933" target="_blank">16281933</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11564084">Glycoconjugate abnormalities in patients with congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type I, II and III.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zdebska E,
Gołaszewska E,
Fabijańska-Mitek J,
Schachter H,
Shalev H,
Tamary H,
Sandström H,
Wahlin A,
Kościelak J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Haematol</span>
2001 Sep;114(4):907-13.
doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.03046.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11564084" target="_blank">11564084</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9545404">Localization of the gene for congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I to a &lt;1-cM interval on chromosome 15q15.1-15.3.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tamary H,
Shalmon L,
Shalev H,
Halil A,
Dobrushin D,
Ashkenazi N,
Zoldan M,
Resnitzky P,
Korostishevsky M,
Bonne-Tamir B,
Zaizov R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Hum Genet</span>
1998 May;62(5):1062-9.
doi: 10.1086/301834.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9545404" target="_blank">9545404</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1377091" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Congenital%20dyserythropoietic%20anemia%20type%204%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (13)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3150926%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (12)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3150926%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;test_type=Research" target="_blank">Research (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3150926%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F9" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of select exons (2)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3150926%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (19)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3150926%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (6)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3150926%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (26)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=613673" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=293825" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Congenital%20dyserythropoietic%20anemia%20type%204" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(congenital%20dyserythropoietic%20anemia%20type%204)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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