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<!--
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||
UID=45933
|
||
ConceptID=C0032000
|
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-->
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||
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Pituitary adenoma</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>45933</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0032000</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Neoplastic Process</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
|
||
<td>Adenoma, Pituitary; Adenomas, Pituitary; Pituitary Adenoma; Pituitary Adenomas</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
|
||
<td>Adenoma of pituitary (254956000); Pituitary adenoma (254956000)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002893">HP:0002893</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0006373" target="_blank">MONDO:0006373</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=99408">ORPHA99408</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">A benign epithelial tumor derived from intrinsic cells of the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary). [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
|
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</div>
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||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0032000[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=45933">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Pituitary adenoma</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/21047" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms">Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/18325" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathological process">Pathological process</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4347" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disease">Disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/10294" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Neoplasm">Neoplasm</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/277963" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Epithelial neoplasm">Epithelial neoplasm</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/125" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Adenoma">Adenoma</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Pituitary adenoma</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/310446" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acidophil Stem Cell Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Acidophil Stem Cell Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/266291" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for ACTH-producing pituitary gland adenoma">ACTH-producing pituitary gland adenoma</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1667201" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Crooke Cell Tumor">Crooke Cell Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6544" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nelson Syndrome">Nelson Syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1670304" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non-Functioning Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Non-Functioning Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1665243" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non-Functioning Densely Granulated Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Non-Functioning Densely Granulated Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1656380" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non-Functioning Sparsely Granulated Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Non-Functioning Sparsely Granulated Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1385129" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Atypical Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Atypical Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1648984" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Double Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors of Distinct Lineages">Double Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors of Distinct Lineages</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1743478" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ectopic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Ectopic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1777923" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nasopharyngeal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Nasopharyngeal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/436629" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Familial isolated pituitary adenoma">Familial isolated pituitary adenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/577353" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Functioning gonadotropic adenoma">Functioning gonadotropic adenoma</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/884640" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for FSH-Producing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">FSH-Producing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/889619" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for LH-Producing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">LH-Producing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/163135" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Functioning pituitary gland adenoma">Functioning pituitary gland adenoma</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/889109" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Macroadenoma">Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Macroadenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/885844" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Microadenoma">Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Microadenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/342174" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nelson syndrome">Nelson syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/66381" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary dependent hypercortisolism">Pituitary dependent hypercortisolism</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1661409" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Recurrent Cushing Disease">Recurrent Cushing Disease</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/10936" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Prolactin-producing pituitary gland adenoma">Prolactin-producing pituitary gland adenoma</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/310675" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Densely Granulated Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Densely Granulated Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/87484" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Macroprolactinoma">Macroprolactinoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/87483" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Microprolactinoma">Microprolactinoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/318189" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sparsely Granulated Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Sparsely Granulated Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/87550" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma">TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1650105" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Mixed Gangliocytoma-Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Mixed Gangliocytoma-Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1663117" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Multiple Synchronous Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors of Distinct Lineages">Multiple Synchronous Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors of Distinct Lineages</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/976328" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non-functioning pituitary adenoma">Non-functioning pituitary adenoma</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1813085" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Null pituitary adenoma">Null pituitary adenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/90850" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Silent pituitary adenoma">Silent pituitary adenoma</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/889529" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non-Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Macroadenoma">Non-Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Macroadenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/886514" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non-Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Microadenoma">Non-Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Microadenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/311062" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Null Cell Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Null Cell Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868796" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary acidophilic stem cell adenoma">Pituitary acidophilic stem cell adenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866771" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary gonadotropic cell adenoma">Pituitary gonadotropic cell adenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866320" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary growth hormone cell adenoma">Pituitary growth hormone cell adenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/577357" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary macroadenoma">Pituitary macroadenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/577355" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary microadenoma">Pituitary microadenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/311126" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Microadenoma">Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Microadenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866770" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary thyrotropic cell adenoma">Pituitary thyrotropic cell adenoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/313596" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Plurihormonal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Plurihormonal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/91097" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/310676" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Densely Granulated Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Densely Granulated Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/354189" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sparsely Granulated Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Sparsely Granulated Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/926557" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Somatotroph-Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Somatotroph-Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/313410" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Mammosomatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor">Mammosomatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/353936" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Mixed somatotroph-lactotroph pituitary gland adenoma">Mixed somatotroph-lactotroph pituitary gland adenoma</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&data_id=156&PatId=14209&search=Disease_Classif_Simple&new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Pituitary adenoma</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_9957"><div><strong>Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9957</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0025267</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Neoplastic Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) includes varying combinations of more than 20 endocrine and non-endocrine tumors. Endocrine tumors become evident either by overproduction of hormones by the tumor or by growth of the tumor itself. Parathyroid tumors are the most common MEN1-associated endocrinopathy; onset in 90% of individuals is between ages 20 and 25 years with hypercalcemia evident by age 50 years; hypercalcemia causes lethargy, depression, confusion, anorexia, constipation, nausea, vomiting, diuresis, dehydration, hypercalciuria, kidney stones, increased bone resorption/fracture risk, hypertension, and shortened QT interval. Pituitary tumors include prolactinoma (the most common), which manifests as oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea and galactorrhea in females and sexual dysfunction in males. Well-differentiated endocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tract can manifest as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma); hypoglycemia (insulinoma); hyperglycemia, anorexia, glossitis, anemia, diarrhea, venous thrombosis, and skin rash (glucagonoma); and watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria syndrome (vasoactive intestinal peptide [VIP]-secreting tumor). Carcinoid tumors are non-hormone-secreting and can manifest as a large mass after age 50 years. Adrenocortical tumors can be associated with primary hypercortisolism or hyperaldosteronism. Non-endocrine tumors include facial angiofibromas, collagenomas, lipomas, meningiomas, ependymomas, and leiomyomas.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9957">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_66381"><div><strong>Pituitary dependent hypercortisolism</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66381</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0221406</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) hypersecretion by corticotroph adenomas of the pituitary result in excess cortisol secretion, or Cushing disease. The clinical features of Cushing disease include central obesity, moon facies, 'buffalo hump,' diabetes, hypertension, fatigue, easy bruising, depression, and reproductive disorders. Cushing disease is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, mainly due to cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease and infections (summary by Perez-Rivas et al., 2015). Mutations in the USP8 gene, leading to an upregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; 131550) pathway, have been identified in about 36 to 62% of corticotroph adenomas (summary by Mete and Lopes, 2017).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66381">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_69164"><div><strong>McCune-Albright syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>69164</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0242292</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Fibrous dysplasia / McCune-Albright syndrome (FD/MAS), the result of an early embryonic postzygotic somatic activating pathogenic variant in GNAS (encoding the cAMP pathway-associated G protein Gas [Gs alpha subunit]), is characterized by involvement of the skin, skeleton, and certain endocrine organs. However, because Gas signaling is ubiquitous, additional tissues may be affected. Hyperpigmented skin macules are common and are usually the first manifestation of the disease, apparent at or shortly after birth. Fibrous dysplasia (FD), which can involve any part and combination of the craniofacial, axial, and/or appendicular skeleton, can range from an isolated, asymptomatic monostotic lesion discovered incidentally to severe, disabling polyostotic disease involving practically the entire skeleton and leading to progressive scoliosis, facial deformity, and loss of mobility, vision, and/or hearing. Endocrinopathies include gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty resulting from recurrent ovarian cysts in girls and autonomous testosterone production in boys; testicular lesions with or without associated gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty; thyroid lesions with or without non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism; growth hormone excess; FGF23-mediated phosphate wasting with or without hypophosphatemia in association with fibrous dysplasia; and neonatal hypercortisolism.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/69164">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_373469"><div><strong>Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373469</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1970712</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Neoplastic Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 (MEN4) is characterized by the development of endocrine tumors, especially those involving the parathyroid and/or pituitary gland. Parathyroid adenomas and parathyroid hyperplasia manifest as hypercalcemia (primary hyperparathyroidism) as a result of the overproduction of parathyroid hormone. Anterior pituitary adenomas can secrete adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin, or are nonfunctional (nonsecreting) adenomas. Well-differentiated endocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic tract, carcinoid tumors, and adrenocortical tumors can also occur.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373469">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_388559"><div><strong>Carney complex, type 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>388559</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2607929</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Carney complex (CNC) is characterized by skin pigmentary abnormalities, myxomas, endocrine tumors or overactivity, and schwannomas. Pale brown to black lentigines are the most common presenting feature of CNC and typically increase in number at puberty. Cardiac myxomas occur at a young age, may occur in any or all cardiac chambers, and can manifest as intracardiac obstruction of blood flow, embolic phenomenon, and/or heart failure. Other sites for myxomas include the skin, breast, oropharynx, and female genital tract. Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD), which causes Cushing syndrome, is the most frequently observed endocrine tumor in CNC, occurring in approximately 25% of affected individuals. Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumors (LCCSCTs) are observed in one third of affected males within the first decade and in most adult males. Up to 75% of individuals with CNC have multiple thyroid nodules, most of which are nonfunctioning thyroid follicular adenomas. Clinically evident acromegaly from a growth hormone (GH)-producing adenoma is evident in approximately 10% of adults. Psammomatous melanotic schwannoma (PMS), a rare tumor of the nerve sheath, occurs in an estimated 10% of affected individuals. The median age of diagnosis is 20 years.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/388559">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_856021"><div><strong>X-linked acrogigantism due to Xq26 microduplication</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>856021</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3891556</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">X-linked acrogigantism is the occurrence of pituitary gigantism in an individual heterozygous or hemizygous for a germline or somatic duplication of GPR101. X-linked acrogigantism is characterized by acceleration of linear growth in early childhood – in most cases during the first two years of life – due to growth hormone (GH) excess. Most individuals with X-linked acrogigantism present with associated hyperprolactinemia due to a mixed GH- and prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma with or without associated hyperplasia; less commonly they develop diffuse hyperplasia of the GH- and prolactin-secreting pituitary cells without a pituitary adenoma. Most affected individuals are females. Growth acceleration is the main presenting feature; other frequently observed clinical features include enlargement of hands and feet, coarsening of the facial features, and increased appetite. Neurologic signs or symptoms are rarely present. Untreated X-linked acrogigantism can lead to markedly increased stature, with obvious severe physical and psychological sequelae.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/856021">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_860846"><div><strong>Pituitary adenoma, growth hormone-secreting, 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>860846</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4012409</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Neoplastic Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Any pituitary gland adenoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GPR101 gene.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/860846">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1618709"><div><strong>Somatotroph adenoma</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1618709</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4538355</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Neoplastic Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">AIP familial isolated pituitary adenoma (AIP-FIPA) is characterized by an increased risk of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs, also known as pituitary adenomas), including growth hormone (GH)-secreting PitNETs (somatotropinomas), prolactin-secreting PitNETs (prolactinomas), GH and prolactin cosecreting PitNETs (somatomammotropinomas), and clinically nonfunctioning PitNETs (NF-PitNETs). Rarely, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting PitNETs (thyrotropinomas) are observed. Clinical findings result from excess hormone secretion, lack of hormone secretion, and/or mass effects (e.g., headaches, visual field loss). Within the same family, PitNETs can be of the same or different type. Age of diagnosis in AIP-FIPA is usually in the second or third decade.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1618709">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1615593"><div><strong>Pituitary adenoma 5, multiple types</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1615593</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4539685</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Neoplastic Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Both familial and sporadic pituitary adenomas have been found to be caused by germline mutation in the CDH23 gene. Familial pituitary adenoma types include growth hormone (GH)-secreting and nonfunctional tumors. Sporadic pituitary adenoma types include GH-secreting, nonfunctional, prolactin (PRL)-secreting, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-secreting, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting, and plurihormonal (GH and TSH) tumors. For a general description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of pituitary adenomas, see PITA1 (102200).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1615593">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_388559" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Carney complex, type 1</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_69164" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">McCune-Albright syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_373469" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_9957" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1615593" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pituitary adenoma 5, multiple types</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (9)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_860846" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pituitary adenoma, growth hormone-secreting, 2</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_66381" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pituitary dependent hypercortisolism</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1618709" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Somatotroph adenoma</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_856021" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">X-linked acrogigantism due to Xq26 microduplication</a></div></span></div></div>
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</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36270609">Pituitary Incidentalomas: Best Practices and Looking Ahead.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Giraldi E,
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Allen JW,
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Ioachimescu AG</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Endocr Pract</span>
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2023 Jan;29(1):60-68.
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Epub 2022 Oct 18
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doi: 10.1016/j.eprac.2022.10.004.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36270609" target="_blank">36270609</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35120696">Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly: An Update.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ershadinia N,
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Tritos NA</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mayo Clin Proc</span>
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2022 Feb;97(2):333-346.
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doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.11.007.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35120696" target="_blank">35120696</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33079318">A Pituitary Society update to acromegaly management guidelines.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fleseriu M,
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Biller BMK,
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Freda PU,
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Gadelha MR,
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Giustina A,
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Katznelson L,
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Molitch ME,
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Samson SL,
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Strasburger CJ,
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van der Lely AJ,
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Melmed S</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pituitary</span>
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2021 Feb;24(1):1-13.
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Epub 2020 Oct 20
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doi: 10.1007/s11102-020-01091-7.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33079318" target="_blank">33079318</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7864830" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22pituitary%20adenoma%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (410)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38521632">Genetic diagnosis in acromegaly and gigantism: From research to clinical practice.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ramírez-Rentería C,
|
||
Hernández-Ramírez LC</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab</span>
|
||
2024 May;38(3):101892.
|
||
Epub 2024 Mar 13
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2024.101892.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38521632" target="_blank">38521632</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33766428">Epidemiology and mortality of Cushing's syndrome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hakami OA,
|
||
Ahmed S,
|
||
Karavitaki N</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab</span>
|
||
2021 Jan;35(1):101521.
|
||
Epub 2021 Mar 15
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101521.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33766428" target="_blank">33766428</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32611901">Modern Radiation Therapy for Pituitary Adenoma: Review of Techniques and Outcomes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta T,
|
||
Chatterjee A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurol India</span>
|
||
2020 May-Jun;68(Supplement):S113-S122.
|
||
doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.287678.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32611901" target="_blank">32611901</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26072284">Management of clinically non-functioning pituitary adenoma.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chanson P,
|
||
Raverot G,
|
||
Castinetti F,
|
||
Cortet-Rudelli C,
|
||
Galland F,
|
||
Salenave S;
|
||
French Endocrinology Society non-functioning pituitary adenoma work-group</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Endocrinol (Paris)</span>
|
||
2015 Jul;76(3):239-47.
|
||
Epub 2015 Jun 10
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2015.04.002.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26072284" target="_blank">26072284</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22710101">Cushing's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Castinetti F,
|
||
Morange I,
|
||
Conte-Devolx B,
|
||
Brue T</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
|
||
2012 Jun 18;7:41.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-41.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22710101" target="_blank">22710101</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3458990" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pituitary%20adenoma%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2991)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35120696">Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly: An Update.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ershadinia N,
|
||
Tritos NA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mayo Clin Proc</span>
|
||
2022 Feb;97(2):333-346.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.11.007.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35120696" target="_blank">35120696</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32741475">The Epidemiology of Pituitary Adenomas.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Daly AF,
|
||
Beckers A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2020 Sep;49(3):347-355.
|
||
Epub 2020 Jun 10
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2020.04.002.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32741475" target="_blank">32741475</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32130815">Pituitary-Tumor Endocrinopathies.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Melmed S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">N Engl J Med</span>
|
||
2020 Mar 5;382(10):937-950.
|
||
doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1810772.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32130815" target="_blank">32130815</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25732644">Silent pituitary adenomas.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mayson SE,
|
||
Snyder PJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2015 Mar;44(1):79-87.
|
||
Epub 2014 Nov 6
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.11.001.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25732644" target="_blank">25732644</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22710101">Cushing's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Castinetti F,
|
||
Morange I,
|
||
Conte-Devolx B,
|
||
Brue T</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
|
||
2012 Jun 18;7:41.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-41.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22710101" target="_blank">22710101</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3458990" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pituitary%20adenoma%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3623)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35120696">Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly: An Update.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ershadinia N,
|
||
Tritos NA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mayo Clin Proc</span>
|
||
2022 Feb;97(2):333-346.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.11.007.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35120696" target="_blank">35120696</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32121432">Somatostatin Analogs in Clinical Practice: a Review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gomes-Porras M,
|
||
Cárdenas-Salas J,
|
||
Álvarez-Escolá C</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
|
||
2020 Feb 29;21(5)
|
||
doi: 10.3390/ijms21051682.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32121432" target="_blank">32121432</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7084228" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25248589">Acromegaly.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chanson P,
|
||
Salenave S,
|
||
Kamenicky P</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Handb Clin Neurol</span>
|
||
2014;124:197-219.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59602-4.00014-9.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25248589" target="_blank">25248589</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22850776">Pasireotide.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Feelders RA,
|
||
Yasothan U,
|
||
Kirkpatrick P</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Drug Discov</span>
|
||
2012 Aug;11(8):597-8.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/nrd3788.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22850776" target="_blank">22850776</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17167139">Medical progress: Acromegaly.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Melmed S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">N Engl J Med</span>
|
||
2006 Dec 14;355(24):2558-73.
|
||
doi: 10.1056/NEJMra062453.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17167139" target="_blank">17167139</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pituitary%20adenoma%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1760)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33766428">Epidemiology and mortality of Cushing's syndrome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hakami OA,
|
||
Ahmed S,
|
||
Karavitaki N</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab</span>
|
||
2021 Jan;35(1):101521.
|
||
Epub 2021 Mar 15
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101521.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33766428" target="_blank">33766428</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32741475">The Epidemiology of Pituitary Adenomas.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Daly AF,
|
||
Beckers A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2020 Sep;49(3):347-355.
|
||
Epub 2020 Jun 10
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2020.04.002.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32741475" target="_blank">32741475</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29344907">Silent corticotroph adenomas.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ben-Shlomo A,
|
||
Cooper O</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pituitary</span>
|
||
2018 Apr;21(2):183-193.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11102-018-0864-8.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29344907" target="_blank">29344907</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25724314">Comorbidities in Cushing's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharma ST,
|
||
Nieman LK,
|
||
Feelders RA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pituitary</span>
|
||
2015 Apr;18(2):188-94.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11102-015-0645-6.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25724314" target="_blank">25724314</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4374115" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23760707">Pituitary incidentaloma.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bevan JS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Med (Lond)</span>
|
||
2013 Jun;13(3):296-8.
|
||
doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.13-3-296.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23760707" target="_blank">23760707</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5922677" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pituitary%20adenoma%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2060)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36544040">Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Pituitary Adenomas/Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Clinical Practices, Controversies, and Perspectives.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wan XY,
|
||
Chen J,
|
||
Wang JW,
|
||
Liu YC,
|
||
Shu K,
|
||
Lei T</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Med Sci</span>
|
||
2022 Dec;42(6):1111-1118.
|
||
Epub 2022 Dec 22
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11596-022-2673-6.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36544040" target="_blank">36544040</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35120696">Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly: An Update.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ershadinia N,
|
||
Tritos NA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mayo Clin Proc</span>
|
||
2022 Feb;97(2):333-346.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.11.007.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35120696" target="_blank">35120696</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32741480">Nelson's Syndrome: An Update.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fountas A,
|
||
Karavitaki N</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2020 Sep;49(3):413-432.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2020.05.004.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32741480" target="_blank">32741480</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25786387">Diagnosis of Cushing's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Daniel E,
|
||
Newell-Price JD</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pituitary</span>
|
||
2015 Apr;18(2):206-10.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11102-015-0649-2.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25786387" target="_blank">25786387</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23760707">Pituitary incidentaloma.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bevan JS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Med (Lond)</span>
|
||
2013 Jun;13(3):296-8.
|
||
doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.13-3-296.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23760707" target="_blank">23760707</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5922677" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pituitary%20adenoma%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2064)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
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|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
|
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36876325">Knowing when to discontinue Temozolomide therapy in responding aggressive pituitary tumors and carcinomas: a systematic review and Padua (Italy) case series.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Padovan M,
|
||
Cerretti G,
|
||
Caccese M,
|
||
Barbot M,
|
||
Bergo E,
|
||
Occhi G,
|
||
Scaroni C,
|
||
Lombardi G,
|
||
Ceccato F</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab</span>
|
||
2023 Mar;18(2):181-198.
|
||
Epub 2023 Mar 6
|
||
doi: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2185221.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36876325" target="_blank">36876325</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34342197">Meningoencephalitis with refractory intracranial hypertension: consider decompressive craniectomy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Choucha A,
|
||
Boissonneau S,
|
||
Beucler N,
|
||
Graillon T,
|
||
Ranque S,
|
||
Bruder N,
|
||
Fuentes S,
|
||
Velly L,
|
||
Dufour H</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neurosurg Sci</span>
|
||
2023 Apr;67(2):248-256.
|
||
Epub 2021 Aug 3
|
||
doi: 10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05397-2.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34342197" target="_blank">34342197</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32799821">Intraoperative lumbar drainage can prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage during transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tan J,
|
||
Song R,
|
||
Huan R,
|
||
Huang N,
|
||
Chen J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Neurol</span>
|
||
2020 Aug 15;20(1):303.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s12883-020-01877-z.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32799821" target="_blank">32799821</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7429471" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25534889">Silent corticotroph adenomas.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cooper O</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pituitary</span>
|
||
2015 Apr;18(2):225-31.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11102-014-0624-3.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25534889" target="_blank">25534889</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4376561" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21641282">Prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms, with emphasis on sex, age, comorbidity, country, and time period: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vlak MH,
|
||
Algra A,
|
||
Brandenburg R,
|
||
Rinkel GJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Neurol</span>
|
||
2011 Jul;10(7):626-36.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70109-0.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21641282" target="_blank">21641282</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pituitary%20adenoma%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (152)</a></div></div>
|
||
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|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0032000%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (1)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0032000%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F15" target="_blank">Methylation analysis (2)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0032000%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (1)</a></li>
|
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<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0032000%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (1)</a></li>
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<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0032000%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (4)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=99408" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Pituitary%20adenoma" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22pituitary%20adenoma%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Pituitary%20adenoma%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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