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<meta name="keywords" content="C0022568, cornea inflammation, corneal inflammation, corneal keratitis, disease or syndrome, inflammation of cornea, keratitides, keratitis, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Inflammation of the cornea." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=44013
ConceptID=C0022568
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Keratitis</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>44013</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0022568</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Keratitides</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Keratitis (5888003)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000491">HP:0000491</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0003085" target="_blank">MONDO:0003085</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Inflammation of the cornea. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0022568[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=44013">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Keratitis</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/21047" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms">Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/18325" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathological process">Pathological process</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4347" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disease">Disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/232130" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder by Site">Disorder by Site</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/5092" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder of eye">Disorder of eye</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3617" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Corneal disorder">Corneal disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Keratitis</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1268" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acanthamoeba keratitis">Acanthamoeba keratitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/152673" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Corneal infection">Corneal infection</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/56351" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Corneal abscess">Corneal abscess</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/602202" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Endotheliitis">Endotheliitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/687913" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fungal keratitis">Fungal keratitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/5953" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Herpes simplex dendritic keratitis">Herpes simplex dendritic keratitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1660649" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Infectious epithelial keratitis">Infectious epithelial keratitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/87384" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Neurotrophic keratopathy">Neurotrophic keratopathy</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/727306" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Stromal keratitis">Stromal keratitis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/40486" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Corneal ulceration">Corneal ulceration</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866566" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Herpetiform corneal ulceration">Herpetiform corneal ulceration</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/5534" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Herpes simplex virus keratitis">Herpes simplex virus keratitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/858359" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Keratitis caused by infection">Keratitis caused by infection</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/44014" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Keratoconjunctivitis">Keratoconjunctivitis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4500" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis">Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/9620" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Keratoconjunctivitis sicca">Keratoconjunctivitis sicca</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/9621" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious">Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/543239" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nummular keratitis">Nummular keratitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/509774" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Photokeratitis">Photokeratitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/736733" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Punctate keratitis">Punctate keratitis</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1162"><div><strong>Crouzon syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1162</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0010273</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Crouzon syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by craniosynostosis causing secondary alterations of the facial bones and facial structure. Common features include hypertelorism, exophthalmos and external strabismus, parrot-beaked nose, short upper lip, hypoplastic maxilla, and a relative mandibular prognathism (Reardon et al., 1994; Glaser et al., 2000).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1162">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_6915"><div><strong>Hereditary insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6915</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020074</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">NTRK1 congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (NTRK1-CIPA) is characterized by insensitivity to pain, anhidrosis (the inability to sweat), and intellectual disability. The ability to sense all pain (including visceral pain) is absent, resulting in repeated injuries including: oral self-mutilation (biting of tongue, lips, and buccal mucosa); biting of fingertips; bruising, scarring, and infection of the skin; multiple bone fractures (many of which fail to heal properly); and recurrent joint dislocations resulting in joint deformity. Sense of touch, vibration, and position are normal. Anhidrosis predisposes to recurrent febrile episodes that are often the initial manifestation of NTRK1-CIPA. Hypothermia in cold environments also occurs. Intellectual disability of varying degree is observed in most affected individuals; hyperactivity and emotional lability are common.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6915">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_7049"><div><strong>Incontinentia pigmenti syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7049</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0021171</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a disorder that affects the skin, hair, teeth, nails, eyes, and central nervous system; it occurs primarily in females and on occasion in males. Characteristic skin lesions evolve through four stages: I.. Blistering (birth to age ~4 months). II.. Wart-like rash (for several months). III.. Swirling macular hyperpigmentation (age ~6 months into adulthood). IV.. Linear hypopigmentation. Alopecia, hypodontia, abnormal tooth shape, and dystrophic nails are observed. Neovascularization of the retina, present in some individuals, predisposes to retinal detachment. Neurologic findings including seizures, intellectual disability, and developmental delays are occasionally seen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7049">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_75550"><div><strong>DE SANCTIS-CACCHIONE SYNDROME</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75550</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0265201</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare autosomal recessive inherited syndrome. It is characterized by xeroderma pigmentosum, mental retardation, dwarfism, hypogonadism, and neurologic abnormalities.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75550">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_120536"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant keratitis-ichthyosis-hearing loss syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120536</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0265336</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome is a rare ectodermal dysplasia characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, photophobia and corneal vascularization, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, erythrokeratoderma, follicular hyperkeratosis, and recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. A subset of patients with KID may develop multiple cystic pilar tumors, which are prone to malignant transformation and metastasis (Nyquist et al., 2007).&#13; Vohwinkel syndrome (124500) is an allelic disorder involving congenital deafness with keratopachydermia and constrictions of fingers and toes. Another similar disorder caused by mutation in GJB2 is palmoplantar keratoderma with deafness (148350).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Keratitis-Ichthyosis-Deafness Syndrome&#13; An autosomal recessive form of KID syndrome (KIDAR; 242150) is caused by mutation in the AP1B1 gene (600157) on chromosome 22q12.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/120536">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_82775"><div><strong>Xeroderma pigmentosum group A</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>82775</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268135</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is characterized by: Acute sun sensitivity (severe sunburn with blistering, persistent erythema on minimal sun exposure) with marked freckle-like pigmentation of the face before age two years; Sunlight-induced ocular involvement (photophobia, severe keratitis, atrophy of the skin of the lids, ocular surface neoplasms); Greatly increased risk of sunlight-induced cutaneous neoplasms (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma) within the first decade of life. Approximately 25% of affected individuals have neurologic manifestations (acquired microcephaly, diminished or absent deep tendon stretch reflexes, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, progressive cognitive impairment, and ataxia). The most common causes of death are skin cancer, neurologic degeneration, and internal cancer. The median age at death in persons with XP with neurodegeneration (29 years) was found to be younger than that in persons with XP without neurodegeneration (37 years).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/82775">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_75656"><div><strong>Xeroderma pigmentosum, group D</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75656</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268138</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is characterized by: Acute sun sensitivity (severe sunburn with blistering, persistent erythema on minimal sun exposure) with marked freckle-like pigmentation of the face before age two years; Sunlight-induced ocular involvement (photophobia, severe keratitis, atrophy of the skin of the lids, ocular surface neoplasms); Greatly increased risk of sunlight-induced cutaneous neoplasms (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma) within the first decade of life. Approximately 25% of affected individuals have neurologic manifestations (acquired microcephaly, diminished or absent deep tendon stretch reflexes, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, progressive cognitive impairment, and ataxia). The most common causes of death are skin cancer, neurologic degeneration, and internal cancer. The median age at death in persons with XP with neurodegeneration (29 years) was found to be younger than that in persons with XP without neurodegeneration (37 years).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75656">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_372107"><div><strong>Keratitis fugax hereditaria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>372107</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1835697</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Keratoendotheliitis fugax hereditaria (KEFH) is an autosomal dominant corneal disease that periodically and fleetingly affects the corneal endothelium, stroma, and vision, eventually resulting in central corneal stromal opacities in some patients. The disease is characterized by episodes of unilateral ocular pain, pericorneal injection, and photophobia. The acute symptoms vanish in 1 to 2 days, but vision remains blurry for several weeks. Onset occurs between ages 3 and 12 years, and may involve either eye. Episodes generally decrease in frequency and become more mild with age (summary by Turunen et al., 2018).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/372107">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_332039"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant keratitis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>332039</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1835698</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Keratitis is a rare ocular disorder presenting with congenital and progressive features predominantly involving the anterior segment of the eye. The major clinical symptoms are anterior stromal corneal opacification and vascularization of the peripheral cornea. Progression of the opacification and vascularization into the central cornea may occur with corresponding reduction in visual acuity. Other anterior segment features include variable radial defects of the iris stroma and foveal hypoplasia (summary by Mirzayans et al., 1995).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/332039">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_376352"><div><strong>Xeroderma pigmentosum variant type</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376352</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848410</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is characterized by: Acute sun sensitivity (severe sunburn with blistering, persistent erythema on minimal sun exposure) with marked freckle-like pigmentation of the face before age two years; Sunlight-induced ocular involvement (photophobia, severe keratitis, atrophy of the skin of the lids, ocular surface neoplasms); Greatly increased risk of sunlight-induced cutaneous neoplasms (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma) within the first decade of life. Approximately 25% of affected individuals have neurologic manifestations (acquired microcephaly, diminished or absent deep tendon stretch reflexes, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, progressive cognitive impairment, and ataxia). The most common causes of death are skin cancer, neurologic degeneration, and internal cancer. The median age at death in persons with XP with neurodegeneration (29 years) was found to be younger than that in persons with XP without neurodegeneration (37 years).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376352">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341219"><div><strong>Xeroderma pigmentosum, group E</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341219</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848411</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is characterized by: Acute sun sensitivity (severe sunburn with blistering, persistent erythema on minimal sun exposure) with marked freckle-like pigmentation of the face before age two years; Sunlight-induced ocular involvement (photophobia, severe keratitis, atrophy of the skin of the lids, ocular surface neoplasms); Greatly increased risk of sunlight-induced cutaneous neoplasms (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma) within the first decade of life. Approximately 25% of affected individuals have neurologic manifestations (acquired microcephaly, diminished or absent deep tendon stretch reflexes, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, progressive cognitive impairment, and ataxia). The most common causes of death are skin cancer, neurologic degeneration, and internal cancer. The median age at death in persons with XP with neurodegeneration (29 years) was found to be younger than that in persons with XP without neurodegeneration (37 years).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341219">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_338577"><div><strong>Cold-induced sweating syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>338577</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848947</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cold-induced sweating syndrome (CISS) and its infantile presentation, Crisponi syndrome(CS) is characterized by dysmorphic features (distinctive facies, lower facial weakness, flexion deformity at the elbows, camptodactyly with fisted hands, misshapen feet, and overriding toes); intermittent contracture of facial and oropharyngeal muscles when crying or being handled with puckering of lips and drooling of foamy saliva often associated with laryngospasm and respiratory distress; excessive startling and opisthotonus-like posturing with unexpected tactile or auditory stimuli; poor suck reflex and severely impaired swallowing; and a scaly erythematous rash. During the first decade of life, children with CISS/CS develop profuse sweating of the face, arms, and chest with ambient temperatures below 18º to 22º C, and with other stimuli including nervousness or ingestion of sweets. Affected individuals sweat very little in hot environments and may feel overheated. Progressive thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis occurs, requiring intervention in the second decade.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/338577">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_355927"><div><strong>Mandibulofacial dysostosis-macroblepharon-macrostomia syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>355927</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865181</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Mandibulofacial dysostosis-macroblepharon-macrostomia syndrome is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder characterized by macroblepharon, ectropion, and facial dysmorphism which includes severe hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, posteriorly rotated ears, broad nasal bridge, long and smooth philtrum, and macrostomia with thin upper lip vermilion border. Other features may include large fontanelles, prominent metopic ridge, thick eyebrows, mild synophrys, increased density of upper eyelashes, anterverted nares, abnormal dentition and capillary hemangioma.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/355927">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_412573"><div><strong>Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans, autosomal dominant</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>412573</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2748527</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans (KFSD) is an uncommon genodermatosis characterized by follicular hyperkeratosis, progressive cicatricial alopecia, and photophobia. Most reported cases show X-linked inheritance (KFSDX; 308800) (Castori et al., 2009).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/412573">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_442478"><div><strong>Corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial, 6</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>442478</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2750448</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the most common genetic disorder of the corneal endothelium. Late-onset FECD is marked by thickening of Descemets membrane and excrescences, called guttae, that typically appear in the fourth or fifth decade. Disease progression results in decreased visual acuity as a result of increasing corneal edema, and end-stage disease is marked by painful epithelial bullae (summary by Riazuddin et al., 2013). Patients with keratoconus have been observed (Lechner et al., 2013).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, see FECD1 (136800).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/442478">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_416702"><div><strong>Xeroderma pigmentosum, group C</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>416702</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2752147</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is characterized by: Acute sun sensitivity (severe sunburn with blistering, persistent erythema on minimal sun exposure) with marked freckle-like pigmentation of the face before age two years; Sunlight-induced ocular involvement (photophobia, severe keratitis, atrophy of the skin of the lids, ocular surface neoplasms); Greatly increased risk of sunlight-induced cutaneous neoplasms (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma) within the first decade of life. Approximately 25% of affected individuals have neurologic manifestations (acquired microcephaly, diminished or absent deep tendon stretch reflexes, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, progressive cognitive impairment, and ataxia). The most common causes of death are skin cancer, neurologic degeneration, and internal cancer. The median age at death in persons with XP with neurodegeneration (29 years) was found to be younger than that in persons with XP without neurodegeneration (37 years).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/416702">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_419641"><div><strong>Familial antiphospholipid syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>419641</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2930802</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The designation 'antiphospholipid syndrome' was proposed for the association of arterial and venous thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, and immune thrombocytopenia with a spectrum of autoantibodies directed against cellular phospholipid components. Anticardiolipin antibodies may react with cardiolipin and with other negatively charged phospholipids, including beta-2-glycoprotein I (B2GPI, APOH; 138700). The term 'lupus anticoagulant' refers to a heterogeneous group of antibodies, most commonly of the IgG type, that are detected by their inhibitory effect on coagulant-active phospholipid components of in vitro coagulation tests (summary by Matthey et al., 1989).&#13; Shoenfeld et al. (2008) noted that antiphospholipid syndrome is characterized by up to 30 different autoantibodies, including those against platelets, glycoproteins, coagulation factors, lamins, mitochondrial antigens, and cell surface markers. Some of these may have an additive effect on the prothrombotic tendency of the syndrome.&#13; Ruiz-Irastorza et al. (2010) reviewed pathophysiologic, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic advances related to the antiphospholipid syndrome.&#13; Various autoimmune disorders that cluster in families, including autoimmune thrombocytopenia (188030), are discussed elsewhere (e.g., 109100, 269200).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/419641">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_418932"><div><strong>Ramos-Arroyo syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>418932</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2930866</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by corneal anesthesia, retinal abnormalities, bilateral hearing loss, distinct facies, patent ductus arteriosus, Hirschsprung disease, short stature and intellectual disability. The phenotype is variable. Some affected individuals have only mild disease manifestations. The etiology of this syndrome is not yet known. Mutations in an as of yet unidentified gene, involved in autonomic nervous system function, are suspected. Follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, probably with variable expressivity.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/418932">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_418981"><div><strong>Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5B, with muscular dystrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>418981</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2931072</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is characterized by fragility of the skin (and mucosal epithelia in some instances) that results in non-scarring blisters and erosions caused by minor mechanical trauma. EBS is distinguished from other types of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) or non-EB skin fragility syndromes by the location of the blistering in relation to the dermal-epidermal junction. In EBS, blistering occurs within basal keratinocytes. The severity of blistering ranges from limited to hands and feet to widespread involvement. Additional features can include hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles (keratoderma), nail dystrophy, milia, and hyper- and/or hypopigmentation. Rare EBS subtypes have been associated with additional clinical features including pyloric atresia, muscular dystrophy, cardiomyopathy, and/or nephropathy.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/418981">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_811223"><div><strong>Granulomatosis with polyangiitis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>811223</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3495801</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly termed Wegener granulomatosis, is a systemic disease with a complex genetic background. It is characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract, glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, and the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibodies (ANCAs) in patient sera. These ANCAs are antibodies to a defined target antigen, proteinase-3 (PR3, PRTN3; 177020), which is present within primary azurophil granules of neutrophils (PMNs) and lysozymes of monocytes. On cytokine priming of PMNs, PR3 translocates to the cell surface, where PR3-ANCAs can interact with their antigens and activate PMNs. PMNs from patients with active GPA express PR3 on their surface, produce respiratory burst, and release proteolytic enzymes after activation with PR3-ANCAs. The consequence is a self-sustaining inflammatory process (Jagiello et al., 2004).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/811223">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_854384"><div><strong>Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans, X-linked</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>854384</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3887525</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans is an uncommon genodermatosis chiefly characterized by widespread keratosis pilaris, progressive cicatricial alopecia of the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes, and an excess of affected males. Photophobia, blepharitis/conjunctivitis, and corneal dystrophy are characteristic ancillary findings. It is most often inherited as an X-linked trait (summary by Castori et al., 2009).&#13; Autosomal dominant inheritance has also been reported (KFSD; 612843).&#13; The term 'cum ophiasi' means 'with ophiasis,' i.e., baldness in 1 or more winding streaks about the head, which comes from the Greek for snake. Decalvans refers to the loss of hair.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/854384">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1673363"><div><strong>Hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 4, autosomal recessive</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1673363</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5193141</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hyper-IgE syndrome-4B with recurrent infections (HIES4B) is an autosomal recessive immunologic disorder characterized by early childhood onset of recurrent infections and skeletal abnormalities, including craniosynostosis and scoliosis. Patients are mainly susceptible to bacterial infections that affect the respiratory tract, skin, and eye. Immunologic workup shows increased serum IgE, intermittent eosinophilia, and impaired IL6 (147620) and IL27 (608273) downstream signaling that affects the development and function of certain B- and T-cell populations, as well as the acute-phase response; IL11 (147681) signaling in fibroblasts is also affected (summary by Shahin et al., 2019).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hyper-IgE syndrome, see HIES1 (147060).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1673363">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1746744"><div><strong>IFAP syndrome 1, with or without BRESHECK syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1746744</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5399971</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The IFAP/BRESHECK syndrome is an X-linked multiple congenital anomaly disorder with variable severity. The classic triad, which defines IFAP, is ichthyosis follicularis, atrichia, and photophobia. Some patients have additional features, including mental retardation, brain anomalies, Hirschsprung disease, corneal opacifications, kidney dysplasia, cryptorchidism, cleft palate, and skeletal malformations, particularly of the vertebrae, which constitutes BRESHECK syndrome (summary by Naiki et al., 2012).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of IFAP Syndrome&#13; IFAP syndrome-2 (IFAP2; 619016) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the SREBF1 gene (184756) on chromosome 17p11.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1746744">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1763502"><div><strong>IFAP syndrome 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1763502</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5436607</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Follicular ichthyosis, atrichia, and photophobia syndrome-2 (IFAP2) is characterized by ichthyosis follicularis or follicular hyperkeratosis, sparse to no body hair, and photophobia with corneal lesions. Ultrastructural hair analysis shows trichorrhexis nodosa (Wang et al., 2020).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of IFAP syndrome, see IFAP1 (308205).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1763502">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_332039" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant keratitis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_120536" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant keratitis-ichthyosis-hearing loss syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_338577" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cold-induced sweating syndrome 1</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_75550" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">DE SANCTIS-CACCHIONE SYNDROME</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_418981" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5B, with muscular dystrophy</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_419641" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial antiphospholipid syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_811223" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Granulomatosis with polyangiitis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_6915" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hereditary insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1673363" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 4, autosomal recessive</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1746744" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">IFAP syndrome 1, with or without BRESHECK syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1763502" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">IFAP syndrome 2</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_7049" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Incontinentia pigmenti syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_372107" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Keratitis fugax hereditaria</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_412573" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans, autosomal dominant</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_854384" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans, X-linked</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_355927" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mandibulofacial dysostosis-macroblepharon-macrostomia syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_418932" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ramos-Arroyo syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_82775" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Xeroderma pigmentosum group A</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_376352" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Xeroderma pigmentosum variant type</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_416702" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Xeroderma pigmentosum, group C</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_75656" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Xeroderma pigmentosum, group D</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341219" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Xeroderma pigmentosum, group E</a></div></span></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34915188">Fungal keratitis: A review of clinical presentations, treatment strategies and outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharma N,
Bagga B,
Singhal D,
Nagpal R,
Kate A,
Saluja G,
Maharana PK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ocul Surf</span>
2022 Apr;24:22-30.
Epub 2021 Dec 13
doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.12.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34915188" target="_blank">34915188</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32843744">Update on Herpes simplex keratitis management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sibley D,
Larkin DFP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eye (Lond)</span>
2020 Dec;34(12):2219-2226.
Epub 2020 Aug 25
doi: 10.1038/s41433-020-01153-x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32843744" target="_blank">32843744</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7784930" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30282764">Lyme disease: diagnosis and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ross Russell AL,
Dryden MS,
Pinto AA,
Lovett JK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pract Neurol</span>
2018 Dec;18(6):455-464.
Epub 2018 Oct 3
doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2018-001998.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30282764" target="_blank">30282764</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22keratitis%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (736)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39271302">Contact Lens-Related Corneal Infections.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Linaburg TJ,
Hammersmith KM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Infect Dis Clin North Am</span>
2024 Dec;38(4):795-811.
Epub 2024 Sep 12
doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2024.07.010.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39271302" target="_blank">39271302</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35912449">Contact Lens-Associated Keratitis-an Often Underestimated Risk.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maier P,
Betancor PK,
Reinhard T</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dtsch Arztebl Int</span>
2022 Oct 7;119(40):669-674.
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0281.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35912449" target="_blank">35912449</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9830382" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32843744">Update on Herpes simplex keratitis management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sibley D,
Larkin DFP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eye (Lond)</span>
2020 Dec;34(12):2219-2226.
Epub 2020 Aug 25
doi: 10.1038/s41433-020-01153-x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32843744" target="_blank">32843744</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7784930" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24906668">Herpes simplex keratitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hill GM,
Ku ES,
Dwarakanathan S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dis Mon</span>
2014 Jun;60(6):239-46.
doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2014.03.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24906668" target="_blank">24906668</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23398543">Mycotic keratitis: epidemiology, diagnosis and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Thomas PA,
Kaliamurthy J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Microbiol Infect</span>
2013 Mar;19(3):210-20.
Epub 2013 Feb 9
doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12126.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23398543" target="_blank">23398543</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Keratitis%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4618)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35610943">Infectious keratitis: A review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cabrera-Aguas M,
Khoo P,
Watson SL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Exp Ophthalmol</span>
2022 Jul;50(5):543-562.
Epub 2022 Jun 3
doi: 10.1111/ceo.14113.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35610943" target="_blank">35610943</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9542356" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34931685">Nocardia keratitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta B,
Thakur A,
Limbu S,
Malhotra C,
Gupta A,
Jain AK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">QJM</span>
2022 Feb 21;115(2):111-112.
doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab324.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34931685" target="_blank">34931685</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34915188">Fungal keratitis: A review of clinical presentations, treatment strategies and outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharma N,
Bagga B,
Singhal D,
Nagpal R,
Kate A,
Saluja G,
Maharana PK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ocul Surf</span>
2022 Apr;24:22-30.
Epub 2021 Dec 13
doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.12.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34915188" target="_blank">34915188</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32843744">Update on Herpes simplex keratitis management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sibley D,
Larkin DFP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eye (Lond)</span>
2020 Dec;34(12):2219-2226.
Epub 2020 Aug 25
doi: 10.1038/s41433-020-01153-x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32843744" target="_blank">32843744</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7784930" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23398543">Mycotic keratitis: epidemiology, diagnosis and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Thomas PA,
Kaliamurthy J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Microbiol Infect</span>
2013 Mar;19(3):210-20.
Epub 2013 Feb 9
doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12126.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23398543" target="_blank">23398543</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Keratitis%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (5123)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38603466">Emerging drugs for the treatment of herpetic keratitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kapoor D,
Sharma P,
Shukla D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Opin Emerg Drugs</span>
2024 Jun;29(2):113-126.
Epub 2024 Apr 11
doi: 10.1080/14728214.2024.2339899.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38603466" target="_blank">38603466</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37658603">In vivo CRISPR gene editing in patients with herpetic stromal keratitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wei A,
Yin D,
Zhai Z,
Ling S,
Le H,
Tian L,
Xu J,
Paludan SR,
Cai Y,
Hong J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mol Ther</span>
2023 Nov 1;31(11):3163-3175.
Epub 2023 Aug 31
doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.08.021.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37658603" target="_blank">37658603</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10638052" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34915188">Fungal keratitis: A review of clinical presentations, treatment strategies and outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharma N,
Bagga B,
Singhal D,
Nagpal R,
Kate A,
Saluja G,
Maharana PK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ocul Surf</span>
2022 Apr;24:22-30.
Epub 2021 Dec 13
doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.12.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34915188" target="_blank">34915188</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30851191">Conjunctivitis in dupilumab clinical trials.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Akinlade B,
Guttman-Yassky E,
de Bruin-Weller M,
Simpson EL,
Blauvelt A,
Cork MJ,
Prens E,
Asbell P,
Akpek E,
Corren J,
Bachert C,
Hirano I,
Weyne J,
Korotzer A,
Chen Z,
Hultsch T,
Zhu X,
Davis JD,
Mannent L,
Hamilton JD,
Teper A,
Staudinger H,
Rizova E,
Pirozzi G,
Graham NMH,
Shumel B,
Ardeleanu M,
Wollenberg A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Dermatol</span>
2019 Sep;181(3):459-473.
Epub 2019 May 7
doi: 10.1111/bjd.17869.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30851191" target="_blank">30851191</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6850316" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28942073">Update on the Management of Infectious Keratitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Austin A,
Lietman T,
Rose-Nussbaumer J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmology</span>
2017 Nov;124(11):1678-1689.
Epub 2017 Sep 21
doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.05.012.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28942073" target="_blank">28942073</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5710829" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Keratitis%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6161)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33961969">The Risks and Benefits of Myopia Control.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bullimore MA,
Ritchey ER,
Shah S,
Leveziel N,
Bourne RRA,
Flitcroft DI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmology</span>
2021 Nov;128(11):1561-1579.
Epub 2021 May 4
doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.04.032.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33961969" target="_blank">33961969</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27720858">Ocular parasitoses: A comprehensive review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Padhi TR,
Das S,
Sharma S,
Rath S,
Rath S,
Tripathy D,
Panda KG,
Basu S,
Besirli CG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Surv Ophthalmol</span>
2017 Mar-Apr;62(2):161-189.
Epub 2016 Oct 6
doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.09.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27720858" target="_blank">27720858</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25432813">Ocular leprosy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Grzybowski A,
Nita M,
Virmond M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Dermatol</span>
2015 Jan-Feb;33(1):79-89.
doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.07.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25432813" target="_blank">25432813</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24906668">Herpes simplex keratitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hill GM,
Ku ES,
Dwarakanathan S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dis Mon</span>
2014 Jun;60(6):239-46.
doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2014.03.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24906668" target="_blank">24906668</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23781754">Acanthamoeba keratitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Graffi S,
Peretz A,
Jabaly H,
Naftali M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Isr Med Assoc J</span>
2013 Apr;15(4):182-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23781754" target="_blank">23781754</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Keratitis%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2499)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38112645">Steroids in the Management of Infectious Keratitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Keenan JD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cornea</span>
2023 Nov 1;42(11):1333-1339.
Epub 2023 Jul 4
doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000003340.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38112645" target="_blank">38112645</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10730951" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32822798">Real-world evidence of dupilumab efficacy and risk of adverse events: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Halling AS,
Loft N,
Silverberg JI,
Guttman-Yassky E,
Thyssen JP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Dermatol</span>
2021 Jan;84(1):139-147.
Epub 2020 Aug 18
doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.08.051.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32822798" target="_blank">32822798</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26647348">Conjunctival Sensation in Scleritis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Somkijrungroj T,
Pimolrat W,
Gonzales JA,
Keenan JD,
Margolis TP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ocul Immunol Inflamm</span>
2016;24(1):24-8.
Epub 2015 Dec 8
doi: 10.3109/09273948.2015.1057598.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26647348" target="_blank">26647348</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18319008">KID syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Abdollahi A,
Hallaji Z,
Esmaili N,
Valikhani M,
Barzegari M,
Akhyani M,
Toosi S,
Miresmaili A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Online J</span>
2007 Oct 13;13(4):11.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/18319008" target="_blank">18319008</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2306856">Personality and keratoconus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Swartz NG,
Cohen EJ,
Scott DG,
Genvert GI,
Arentsen JJ,
Laibson PR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">CLAO J</span>
1990 Jan-Mar;16(1):62-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2306856" target="_blank">2306856</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Keratitis%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2141)</a></div></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36912752">Antibiotics versus placebo for acute bacterial conjunctivitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen YY,
Liu SH,
Nurmatov U,
van Schayck OC,
Kuo IC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2023 Mar 13;3(3):CD001211.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001211.pub4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36912752" target="_blank">36912752</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10014114" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34802085">Natural and iatrogenic ocular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dammacco R,
Guerriero S,
Alessio G,
Dammacco F</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int Ophthalmol</span>
2022 Feb;42(2):689-711.
Epub 2021 Nov 21
doi: 10.1007/s10792-021-02058-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34802085" target="_blank">34802085</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8882568" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32822798">Real-world evidence of dupilumab efficacy and risk of adverse events: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Halling AS,
Loft N,
Silverberg JI,
Guttman-Yassky E,
Thyssen JP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Dermatol</span>
2021 Jan;84(1):139-147.
Epub 2020 Aug 18
doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.08.051.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32822798" target="_blank">32822798</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22348418">Bacterial conjunctivitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Epling J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Clin Evid</span>
2012 Feb 20;2012
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22348418" target="_blank">22348418</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3635545" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21718563">Bacterial conjunctivitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Epling J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Clin Evid</span>
2010 Mar 15;2010
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21718563" target="_blank">21718563</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2907624" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Keratitis%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (110)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0022568%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (2)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0022568%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (2)</a></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22keratitis%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Keratitis%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Keratitis" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">RecName: Full=NF-kappa-B essential modulator; Short=NEMO; AltName: Full=FIP-3; AltName: Full=IkB kinase-associated protein 1; Short=IKKAP1; AltName: Full=Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit gamma; Short=I-kappa-B kinase subunit gamma; Short=IKK-gamma; Short=IKKG; Short=IkB kinase subunit gamma; AltName: Full=NF-kappa-B essential modifier<div class="brieflinkpopdesc">gi|6685695|sp|Q9Y6K9.2|NEMO_HUMAN</div></div>
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