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1026 lines
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<!--
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||
UID=39273
|
||
ConceptID=C0085400
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Neurofibrillary tangles</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>39273</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0085400</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Cell or Molecular Dysfunction; Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
|
||
<td>Neurofibrillary Tangle; Neurofibrillary Tangles; Tangle, Neurofibrillary; Tangles, Neurofibrillary</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
|
||
<td>Neurofibrillary degeneration (85775002); Neurofibrillary tangle (85775002); Argentophilic neuronal inclusion (85775002); Alzheimer's neurofibrillary degeneration (85775002); Alzheimer's neurofibrillary change (85775002)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002185">HP:0002185</a></td></tr>
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</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln">Pathological protein aggregates formed by hyperphosphorylation of a microtubule-associated protein known as tau, causing it to aggregate in an insoluble form. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Neurofibrillary tangles</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868416" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal nervous system morphology">Abnormal nervous system morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/892343" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Morphological central nervous system abnormality">Morphological central nervous system abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866738" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal brain morphology">Abnormal brain morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866620" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal forebrain morphology">Abnormal forebrain morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867394" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cerebral morphology">Abnormal cerebral morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867759" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral inclusion bodies">Cerebral inclusion bodies</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Neurofibrillary tangles</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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||
</div>
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||
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||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
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||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_4886"><div><strong>Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>4886</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0017495</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Genetic prion disease generally manifests with cognitive difficulties, ataxia, and myoclonus (abrupt jerking movements of muscle groups and/or entire limbs). The order of appearance and/or predominance of these features and other associated neurologic and psychiatric findings vary. The three major phenotypes of genetic prion disease are genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (gCJD), fatal familial insomnia (FFI), and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) syndrome. Although these phenotypes display overlapping clinical and pathologic features, recognition of these phenotypes can be useful when providing affected individuals and their families with information about the expected clinical course. The age at onset typically ranges from 50 to 60 years. The disease course ranges from a few months in gCJD and FFI to a few (up to 4, and in rare cases up to 10) years in GSS syndrome.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/4886">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_324446"><div><strong>Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>324446</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1836148</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/324446">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_334304"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 3</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>334304</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1843013</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Alzheimer's disease can be classified as early-onset or late-onset. The signs and symptoms of the early-onset form appear between a person's thirties and mid-sixties, while the late-onset form appears during or after a person's mid-sixties. The early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease is much less common than the late-onset form, accounting for less than 10 percent of all cases of Alzheimer's disease.\n\nIndividuals with Alzheimer's disease usually survive 8 to 10 years after the appearance of symptoms, but the course of the disease can range from 1 to 25 years. Survival is usually shorter in individuals diagnosed after age 80 than in those diagnosed at a younger age. In Alzheimer's disease, death usually results from pneumonia, malnutrition, or general body wasting (inanition).\n\nAs the disorder progresses, some people with Alzheimer's disease experience personality and behavioral changes and have trouble interacting in a socially appropriate manner. Other common symptoms include agitation, restlessness, withdrawal, and loss of language skills. People with Alzheimer's disease usually require total care during the advanced stages of the disease.\n\nMemory loss is the most common sign of Alzheimer's disease. Forgetfulness may be subtle at first, but the loss of memory worsens over time until it interferes with most aspects of daily living. Even in familiar settings, a person with Alzheimer's disease may get lost or become confused. Routine tasks such as preparing meals, doing laundry, and performing other household chores can be challenging. Additionally, it may become difficult to recognize people and name objects. Affected people increasingly require help with dressing, eating, and personal care.\n\nAlzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the brain that causes dementia, which is a gradual loss of memory, judgment, and ability to function. This disorder usually appears in people older than age 65, but less common forms of the disease appear earlier in adulthood.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/334304">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_335942"><div><strong>Niemann-Pick disease, type C2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>335942</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1843366</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a slowly progressive lysosomal disorder whose principal manifestations are age dependent. The manifestations in the perinatal period and infancy are predominantly visceral, with hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, and (in some instances) pulmonary infiltrates. From late infancy onward, the presentation is dominated by neurologic manifestations. The youngest children may present with hypotonia and developmental delay, with the subsequent emergence of ataxia, dysarthria, dysphagia, and, in some individuals, epileptic seizures, dystonia, and gelastic cataplexy. Although cognitive impairment may be subtle at first, it eventually becomes apparent that affected individuals have a progressive dementia. Older teenagers and young adults may present predominantly with apparent early-onset dementia or psychiatric manifestations; however, careful examination usually identifies typical neurologic signs.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/335942">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_375285"><div><strong>GRN-related frontotemporal lobar degeneration with Tdp43 inclusions</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>375285</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1843792</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The spectrum of GRN frontotemporal dementia (GRN-FTD) includes the behavioral variant (bvFTD), primary progressive aphasia (PPA; further subcategorized as progressive nonfluent aphasia [PNFA] and semantic dementia [SD]), and movement disorders with extrapyramidal features such as parkinsonism and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). A broad range of clinical features both within and between families is observed. The age of onset ranges from 35 to 87 years. Behavioral disturbances are the most common early feature, followed by progressive aphasia. Impairment in executive function manifests as loss of judgment and insight. In early stages, PPA often manifests as deficits in naming, word finding, or word comprehension. In late stages, affected individuals often become mute and lose their ability to communicate. Early findings of parkinsonism include rigidity, bradykinesia or akinesia (slowing or absence of movements), limb dystonia, apraxia (loss of ability to carry out learned purposeful movements), and disequilibrium. Late motor findings may include myoclonus, dysarthria, and dysphagia. Most affected individuals eventually lose the ability to walk. Disease duration is three to 12 years.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/375285">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_376072"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 4</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376072</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1847200</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the brain that causes dementia, which is a gradual loss of memory, judgment, and ability to function. This disorder usually appears in people older than age 65, but less common forms of the disease appear earlier in adulthood.\n\nMemory loss is the most common sign of Alzheimer's disease. Forgetfulness may be subtle at first, but the loss of memory worsens over time until it interferes with most aspects of daily living. Even in familiar settings, a person with Alzheimer's disease may get lost or become confused. Routine tasks such as preparing meals, doing laundry, and performing other household chores can be challenging. Additionally, it may become difficult to recognize people and name objects. Affected people increasingly require help with dressing, eating, and personal care.\n\nAs the disorder progresses, some people with Alzheimer's disease experience personality and behavioral changes and have trouble interacting in a socially appropriate manner. Other common symptoms include agitation, restlessness, withdrawal, and loss of language skills. People with Alzheimer's disease usually require total care during the advanced stages of the disease.\n\nIndividuals with Alzheimer's disease usually survive 8 to 10 years after the appearance of symptoms, but the course of the disease can range from 1 to 25 years. Survival is usually shorter in individuals diagnosed after age 80 than in those diagnosed at a younger age. In Alzheimer's disease, death usually results from pneumonia, malnutrition, or general body wasting (inanition).\n\nAlzheimer's disease can be classified as early-onset or late-onset. The signs and symptoms of the early-onset form appear between a person's thirties and mid-sixties, while the late-onset form appears during or after a person's mid-sixties. The early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease is much less common than the late-onset form, accounting for less than 10 percent of all cases of Alzheimer's disease.</div>
|
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376072">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_339812"><div><strong>Spongiform encephalopathy with neuropsychiatric features</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>339812</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1847650</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/339812">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_346658"><div><strong>Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 2B</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>346658</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1857747</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN) comprises a continuum of three phenotypes with overlapping clinical and radiologic features: Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD). Atypical neuroaxonal dystrophy (atypical NAD). PLA2G6-related dystonia-parkinsonism. INAD usually begins between ages six months and three years with psychomotor regression or delay, hypotonia, and progressive spastic tetraparesis. Many affected children never learn to walk or lose the ability shortly after attaining it. Strabismus, nystagmus, and optic atrophy are common. Disease progression is rapid, resulting in severe spasticity, progressive cognitive decline, and visual impairment. Many affected children do not survive beyond their first decade. Atypical NAD shows more phenotypic variability than INAD. In general, onset is in early childhood but can be as late as the end of the second decade. The presenting signs may be gait instability, ataxia, or speech delay and autistic features, which are sometimes the only evidence of disease for a year or more. Strabismus, nystagmus, and optic atrophy are common. Neuropsychiatric disturbances including impulsivity, poor attention span, hyperactivity, and emotional lability are also common. The course is fairly stable during early childhood and resembles static encephalopathy but is followed by neurologic deterioration between ages seven and 12 years. PLA2G6-related dystonia-parkinsonism has a variable age of onset, but most individuals present in early adulthood with gait disturbance or neuropsychiatric changes. Affected individuals consistently develop dystonia and parkinsonism (which may be accompanied by rapid cognitive decline) in their late teens to early twenties. Dystonia is most common in the hands and feet but may be more generalized. The most common features of parkinsonism in these individuals are bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, and postural instability.</div>
|
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/346658">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341884"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease, familial early-onset, with coexisting amyloid and prion pathology</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341884</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1857933</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341884">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_396208"><div><strong>ADan amyloidosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>396208</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1861735</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">ITM2B-related cerebral amyloid angiopathy-2, also known as familial Danish dementia (FDD), is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive development of cataracts and other ocular disorders including ocular hemorrhages, hearing impairment, varying neurologic symptoms, and dementia, usually associated with paranoid reactions and temporal disturbance of consciousness. Most patients die in the fifth to sixth decade of life. Neuropathologic findings include severe widespread cerebral amyloid angiopathy, hippocampal plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles, similar to Alzheimer disease (see 104300) (summary by Vidal et al., 2000).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/396208">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_400197"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>400197</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1863051</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Late-onset Alzheimer disease, the most common form of dementia, manifests with memory loss and spatial disorientation. The epsilon-4 (E4) allele of the APOE gene is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD, with individuals carrying 1 E4 allele at 3-fold increased risk, and those carrying 2 alleles at more than 10-fold increased risk (summary by Kunz et al., 2015). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Alzheimer disease, see 104300.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/400197">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_354892"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease type 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>354892</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1863052</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Alzheimer disease is the most common form of progressive dementia in the elderly. It is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the neuropathologic findings of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and extracellular amyloid plaques that accumulate in vulnerable brain regions (Sennvik et al., 2000). Terry and Davies (1980) pointed out that the 'presenile' form, with onset before age 65, is identical to the most common form of late-onset or 'senile' dementia, and suggested the term 'senile dementia of the Alzheimer type' (SDAT). Haines (1991) reviewed the genetics of AD. Selkoe (1996) reviewed the pathophysiology, chromosomal loci, and pathogenetic mechanisms of Alzheimer disease. Theuns and Van Broeckhoven (2000) reviewed the transcriptional regulation of the genes involved in Alzheimer disease. Genetic Heterogeneity of Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer disease is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. See also AD2 (104310), associated with the APOE*4 allele (107741) on chromosome 19; AD3 (607822), caused by mutation in the presenilin-1 gene (PSEN1; 104311) on 14q; and AD4 (606889), caused by mutation in the PSEN2 gene (600759) on 1q31. There is evidence for additional AD loci on other chromosomes; see AD5 (602096) on 12p11; AD6 (605526) on 10q24; AD7 (606187) on 10p13; AD8 (607116) on 20p; AD9 (608907), associated with variation in the ABCA7 gene (605414) on 19p13; AD10 (609636) on 7q36; AD11 (609790) on 9q22; AD12 (611073) on 8p12-q22; AD13 (611152) on 1q21; AD14 (611154) on 1q25; AD15 (604154) on 3q22-q24; AD16 (300756) on Xq21.3; AD17 (615080) on 6p21.2; and AD18 (615590), associated with variation in the ADAM10 gene (602192) on 15q21. Evidence also suggests that mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms may be risk factors in Alzheimer disease (502500). Finally, there have been associations between AD and various polymorphisms in other genes, including alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M; 103950.0005), low density lipoprotein-related protein-1 (LRP1; 107770), the transferrin gene (TF; 190000), the hemochromatosis gene (HFE; 613609), the NOS3 gene (163729), the vascular endothelial growth factor gene (VEGF; 192240), the ABCA2 gene (600047), and the TNF gene (191160) (see MOLECULAR GENETICS).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/354892">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_465922"><div><strong>Niemann-Pick disease, type C1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>465922</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3179455</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a slowly progressive lysosomal disorder whose principal manifestations are age dependent. The manifestations in the perinatal period and infancy are predominantly visceral, with hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, and (in some instances) pulmonary infiltrates. From late infancy onward, the presentation is dominated by neurologic manifestations. The youngest children may present with hypotonia and developmental delay, with the subsequent emergence of ataxia, dysarthria, dysphagia, and, in some individuals, epileptic seizures, dystonia, and gelastic cataplexy. Although cognitive impairment may be subtle at first, it eventually becomes apparent that affected individuals have a progressive dementia. Older teenagers and young adults may present predominantly with apparent early-onset dementia or psychiatric manifestations; however, careful examination usually identifies typical neurologic signs.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/465922">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_896607"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson disease 23</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>896607</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4225186</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Parkinson disease-23 (PARK23) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by young-adult onset of parkinsonism associated with progressive cognitive impairment leading to dementia and dysautonomia. Some individuals have additional motor abnormalities. Affected individuals become severely disabled within a few decades (summary by Lesage et al., 2016).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/896607">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_924255"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 9</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>924255</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4282179</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/924255">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1640811"><div><strong>Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1640811</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4551863</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The spectrum of clinical manifestations of MAPT-related frontotemporal dementia (MAPT-FTD) has expanded from its original description of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonian manifestations to include changes in behavior, motor function, memory, and/or language. A recent retrospective study suggested that the majority of affected individuals have either behavioral changes consistent with a diagnosis of behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) or, less commonly, a parkinsonian syndrome (i.e., progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal syndrome, or Parkinson disease). Fewer than 5% of people with MAPT-FTD have primary progressive aphasia or Alzheimer disease. Clinical presentation may differ between and within families with the same MAPT variant. MAPT-FTD is a progressive disorder that commonly ends with a relatively global dementia in which some affected individuals become mute. Progression of motor impairment in affected individuals results in some becoming chairbound and others bedbound. Mean disease duration is 9.3 (SD: 6.4) years but is individually variable and can be more than 30 years in some instances.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1640811">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1728824"><div><strong>Frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1728824</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5436881</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-8 (FTDALS8) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by adult-onset dementia manifest as memory impairment, executive dysfunction, and behavioral or personality changes. Some patients may develop ALS or parkinsonism. Neuropathologic studies show frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with tau (MAPT; 157140)- and TDP43 (605078)-immunoreactive inclusions (summary by Dobson-Stone et al., 2020). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of FTDALS, see FTDALS1 (105550).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1728824">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_396208" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">ADan amyloidosis</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_400197" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 2</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_334304" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 3</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_376072" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 4</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_924255" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 9</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (17)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_354892" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease type 1</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341884" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease, familial early-onset, with coexisting amyloid and prion pathology</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_896607" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson disease 23</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1728824" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_4886" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_375285" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">GRN-related frontotemporal lobar degeneration with Tdp43 inclusions</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_346658" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 2B</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_465922" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Niemann-Pick disease, type C1</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_335942" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Niemann-Pick disease, type C2</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_339812" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spongiform encephalopathy with neuropsychiatric features</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1640811" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 1</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_324446" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 2</a></div></span></div></div>
|
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</div>
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|
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32941929">Alzheimer's disease: Recent treatment strategies.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vaz M,
|
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Silvestre S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Pharmacol</span>
|
||
2020 Nov 15;887:173554.
|
||
Epub 2020 Sep 15
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173554.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32941929" target="_blank">32941929</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31564456">Alzheimer Disease: An Update on Pathobiology and Treatment Strategies.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Long JM,
|
||
Holtzman DM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cell</span>
|
||
2019 Oct 3;179(2):312-339.
|
||
Epub 2019 Sep 26
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.001.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31564456" target="_blank">31564456</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6778042" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30135715">Current understanding of Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and treatment.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Weller J,
|
||
Budson A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">F1000Res</span>
|
||
2018;7
|
||
Epub 2018 Jul 31
|
||
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.14506.1.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30135715" target="_blank">30135715</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6073093" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22neurofibrillary%20tangles%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (266)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38733347">Alzheimer's disease: insights into pathology, molecular mechanisms, and therapy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zheng Q,
|
||
Wang X</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Protein Cell</span>
|
||
2025 Feb 1;16(2):83-120.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/procel/pwae026.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38733347" target="_blank">38733347</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11786724" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38424454">Is Alzheimer disease a disease?</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Korczyn AD,
|
||
Grinberg LT</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Neurol</span>
|
||
2024 Apr;20(4):245-251.
|
||
Epub 2024 Feb 29
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41582-024-00940-4.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38424454" target="_blank">38424454</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33278431">Review on Alzheimer's disease: Inhibition of amyloid beta and tau tangle formation.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ashrafian H,
|
||
Zadeh EH,
|
||
Khan RH</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Biol Macromol</span>
|
||
2021 Jan 15;167:382-394.
|
||
Epub 2020 Dec 2
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.192.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33278431" target="_blank">33278431</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32108008">Biological Signatures of Alzheimer's Disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharma P,
|
||
Sharma A,
|
||
Fayaz F,
|
||
Wakode S,
|
||
Pottoo FH</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Top Med Chem</span>
|
||
2020;20(9):770-781.
|
||
doi: 10.2174/1568026620666200228095553.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32108008" target="_blank">32108008</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20425280">The pathology of paraphrenia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Casanova MF</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Psychiatry Rep</span>
|
||
2010 Jun;12(3):196-201.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11920-010-0108-8.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20425280" target="_blank">20425280</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neurofibrillary%20tangles%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2073)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38733347">Alzheimer's disease: insights into pathology, molecular mechanisms, and therapy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zheng Q,
|
||
Wang X</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Protein Cell</span>
|
||
2025 Feb 1;16(2):83-120.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/procel/pwae026.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38733347" target="_blank">38733347</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11786724" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34729690">Neuropathology of Alzheimer's Disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Trejo-Lopez JA,
|
||
Yachnis AT,
|
||
Prokop S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurotherapeutics</span>
|
||
2022 Jan;19(1):173-185.
|
||
Epub 2021 Nov 2
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s13311-021-01146-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34729690" target="_blank">34729690</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9130398" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31375134">The neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">DeTure MA,
|
||
Dickson DW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mol Neurodegener</span>
|
||
2019 Aug 2;14(1):32.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s13024-019-0333-5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31375134" target="_blank">31375134</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6679484" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24493463">Amyloid-β and tau: the trigger and bullet in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bloom GS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Neurol</span>
|
||
2014 Apr;71(4):505-8.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.5847.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24493463" target="_blank">24493463</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22229116">Neuropathological alterations in Alzheimer disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Serrano-Pozo A,
|
||
Frosch MP,
|
||
Masliah E,
|
||
Hyman BT</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med</span>
|
||
2011 Sep;1(1):a006189.
|
||
doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006189.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22229116" target="_blank">22229116</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3234452" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neurofibrillary%20tangles%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1945)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31564456">Alzheimer Disease: An Update on Pathobiology and Treatment Strategies.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Long JM,
|
||
Holtzman DM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cell</span>
|
||
2019 Oct 3;179(2):312-339.
|
||
Epub 2019 Sep 26
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.001.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31564456" target="_blank">31564456</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6778042" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30954437">Neuro-inflammation and anti-inflammatory treatment options for Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ozben T,
|
||
Ozben S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Biochem</span>
|
||
2019 Oct;72:87-89.
|
||
Epub 2019 Apr 4
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.04.001.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30954437" target="_blank">30954437</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27582220">The antibody aducanumab reduces Aβ plaques in Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sevigny J,
|
||
Chiao P,
|
||
Bussière T,
|
||
Weinreb PH,
|
||
Williams L,
|
||
Maier M,
|
||
Dunstan R,
|
||
Salloway S,
|
||
Chen T,
|
||
Ling Y,
|
||
O'Gorman J,
|
||
Qian F,
|
||
Arastu M,
|
||
Li M,
|
||
Chollate S,
|
||
Brennan MS,
|
||
Quintero-Monzon O,
|
||
Scannevin RH,
|
||
Arnold HM,
|
||
Engber T,
|
||
Rhodes K,
|
||
Ferrero J,
|
||
Hang Y,
|
||
Mikulskis A,
|
||
Grimm J,
|
||
Hock C,
|
||
Nitsch RM,
|
||
Sandrock A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nature</span>
|
||
2016 Sep 1;537(7618):50-6.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/nature19323.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27582220" target="_blank">27582220</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24493463">Amyloid-β and tau: the trigger and bullet in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bloom GS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Neurol</span>
|
||
2014 Apr;71(4):505-8.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.5847.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24493463" target="_blank">24493463</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12130773">The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: progress and problems on the road to therapeutics.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hardy J,
|
||
Selkoe DJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Science</span>
|
||
2002 Jul 19;297(5580):353-6.
|
||
doi: 10.1126/science.1072994.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12130773" target="_blank">12130773</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neurofibrillary%20tangles%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1030)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34729690">Neuropathology of Alzheimer's Disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Trejo-Lopez JA,
|
||
Yachnis AT,
|
||
Prokop S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurotherapeutics</span>
|
||
2022 Jan;19(1):173-185.
|
||
Epub 2021 Nov 2
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s13311-021-01146-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34729690" target="_blank">34729690</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9130398" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33986301">Alzheimer disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Knopman DS,
|
||
Amieva H,
|
||
Petersen RC,
|
||
Chételat G,
|
||
Holtzman DM,
|
||
Hyman BT,
|
||
Nixon RA,
|
||
Jones DT</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Dis Primers</span>
|
||
2021 May 13;7(1):33.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00269-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33986301" target="_blank">33986301</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8574196" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31072403">Alzheimer's disease: risk factors and potentially protective measures.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Silva MVF,
|
||
Loures CMG,
|
||
Alves LCV,
|
||
de Souza LC,
|
||
Borges KBG,
|
||
Carvalho MDG</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Biomed Sci</span>
|
||
2019 May 9;26(1):33.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s12929-019-0524-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31072403" target="_blank">31072403</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6507104" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23276979">Genetics of familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Piaceri I,
|
||
Nacmias B,
|
||
Sorbi S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Biosci (Elite Ed)</span>
|
||
2013 Jan 1;5(1):167-77.
|
||
doi: 10.2741/e605.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23276979" target="_blank">23276979</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20831921">Alzheimer disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Castellani RJ,
|
||
Rolston RK,
|
||
Smith MA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dis Mon</span>
|
||
2010 Sep;56(9):484-546.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2010.06.001.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20831921" target="_blank">20831921</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2941917" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neurofibrillary%20tangles%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (903)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37092333">The correlation between neuropathology levels and cognitive performance in centenarians.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhang M,
|
||
Ganz AB,
|
||
Rohde S,
|
||
Lorenz L,
|
||
Rozemuller AJM,
|
||
van Vliet K,
|
||
Graat M,
|
||
Sikkes SAM,
|
||
Reinders MJT,
|
||
Scheltens P,
|
||
Hulsman M,
|
||
Hoozemans JJM,
|
||
Holstege H</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Alzheimers Dement</span>
|
||
2023 Nov;19(11):5036-5047.
|
||
Epub 2023 Apr 24
|
||
doi: 10.1002/alz.13087.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37092333" target="_blank">37092333</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35177833">The amyloid hypothesis in Alzheimer disease: new insights from new therapeutics.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Karran E,
|
||
De Strooper B</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Drug Discov</span>
|
||
2022 Apr;21(4):306-318.
|
||
Epub 2022 Feb 17
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41573-022-00391-w.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35177833" target="_blank">35177833</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34729690">Neuropathology of Alzheimer's Disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Trejo-Lopez JA,
|
||
Yachnis AT,
|
||
Prokop S</span><br />
|
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurotherapeutics</span>
|
||
2022 Jan;19(1):173-185.
|
||
Epub 2021 Nov 2
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s13311-021-01146-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34729690" target="_blank">34729690</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9130398" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15190678">Tau phosphorylation and assembly.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gómez-Ramos A,
|
||
Smith MA,
|
||
Perry G,
|
||
Avila J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)</span>
|
||
2004;64(1):33-9.
|
||
doi: 10.55782/ane-2004-1489.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15190678" target="_blank">15190678</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9470128">Neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads as a cause of dementia in Parkinson's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Braak H,
|
||
Braak E,
|
||
Yilmazer D,
|
||
de Vos RA,
|
||
Jansen EN,
|
||
Bohl J</span><br />
|
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neural Transm Suppl</span>
|
||
1997;51:49-55.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6846-2_5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9470128" target="_blank">9470128</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neurofibrillary%20tangles%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2485)</a></div></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38796179">Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in schizophrenia: systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wilson JC,
|
||
Liu KY,
|
||
Jones K,
|
||
Mahmood J,
|
||
Arya U,
|
||
Howard R</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Ment Health</span>
|
||
2024 May 24;27(1)
|
||
doi: 10.1136/bmjment-2024-301017.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38796179" target="_blank">38796179</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11129036" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38644578">C/EBPβ: A transcription factor associated with the irreversible progression of Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yao Q,
|
||
Long C,
|
||
Yi P,
|
||
Zhang G,
|
||
Wan W,
|
||
Rao X,
|
||
Ying J,
|
||
Liang W,
|
||
Hua F</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">CNS Neurosci Ther</span>
|
||
2024 Apr;30(4):e14721.
|
||
doi: 10.1111/cns.14721.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38644578" target="_blank">38644578</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11033503" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37373321">A Systematic Review of the Effects of Capsaicin on Alzheimer's Disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Inyang D,
|
||
Saumtally T,
|
||
Nnadi CN,
|
||
Devi S,
|
||
So PW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
|
||
2023 Jun 15;24(12)
|
||
doi: 10.3390/ijms241210176.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37373321" target="_blank">37373321</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10299122" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
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|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35010895">Probiotics for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Naomi R,
|
||
Embong H,
|
||
Othman F,
|
||
Ghazi HF,
|
||
Maruthey N,
|
||
Bahari H</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nutrients</span>
|
||
2021 Dec 22;14(1)
|
||
doi: 10.3390/nu14010020.
|
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35010895" target="_blank">35010895</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8746506" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
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|
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34240555">Therapeutic potential of ferulic acid and its derivatives in Alzheimer's disease-A systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Phadke AV,
|
||
Tayade AA,
|
||
Khambete MP</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chem Biol Drug Des</span>
|
||
2021 Nov;98(5):713-721.
|
||
Epub 2021 Jul 16
|
||
doi: 10.1111/cbdd.13922.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34240555" target="_blank">34240555</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neurofibrillary%20tangles%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (36)</a></div></div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22neurofibrillary%20tangles%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Neurofibrillary%20tangles%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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