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<meta name="keywords" content="C1859807, als, juvenile, als2, als2 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, alsj, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 2, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 2, juvenile, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by mutation in als2, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 2, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 2, juvenile, disease or syndrome, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="ALS2-related disorder involves retrograde degeneration of the upper motor neurons of the pyramidal tracts and comprises a clinical continuum of the following three phenotypes: Infantile ascending hereditary spastic paraplegia (IAHSP), characterized by onset of spasticity with increased reflexes and sustained clonus of the lower limbs within the first two years of life, progressive weakness and spasticity of the upper limbs by age seven to eight years, and wheelchair dependence in the second decade with progression toward severe spastic tetraparesis and a pseudobulbar syndrome caused by progressive cranial nerve involvement. Juvenile primary lateral sclerosis (JPLS), characterized by upper motor neuron findings of pseudobulbar palsy and spastic quadriplegia without dementia or cerebellar, extrapyramidal, or sensory signs. Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (JALS or ALS2), characterized by onset between ages three and 20 years. All affected individuals show a spastic pseudobulbar syndrome (spasticity of speech and swallowing) together with spastic paraplegia. Some individuals are bedridden by age 12 to 50 years." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 2, juvenile (Concept Id: C1859807)
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<!--
UID=349246
ConceptID=C1859807
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 2, juvenile<span class="h1sub">(ALS2; ALSJ)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>349246</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1859807</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>ALS, JUVENILE; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 2</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="ALS2 - ID: 57679 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/57679" class="medgenPMinfo">ALS2</a> (2q33.1)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008780" target="_blank">MONDO:0008780</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/205100" target="_blank">205100</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">ALS2-related disorder involves retrograde degeneration of the upper motor neurons of the pyramidal tracts and comprises a clinical continuum of the following three phenotypes: Infantile ascending hereditary spastic paraplegia (IAHSP), characterized by onset of spasticity with increased reflexes and sustained clonus of the lower limbs within the first two years of life, progressive weakness and spasticity of the upper limbs by age seven to eight years, and wheelchair dependence in the second decade with progression toward severe spastic tetraparesis and a pseudobulbar syndrome caused by progressive cranial nerve involvement. Juvenile primary lateral sclerosis (JPLS), characterized by upper motor neuron findings of pseudobulbar palsy and spastic quadriplegia without dementia or cerebellar, extrapyramidal, or sensory signs. Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (JALS or ALS2), characterized by onset between ages three and 20 years. All affected individuals show a spastic pseudobulbar syndrome (spasticity of speech and swallowing) together with spastic paraplegia. Some individuals are bedridden by age 12 to 50 years. [from <a title="GeneReviews" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116" class="defSource" target="_blank">GeneReviews</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_22579"><div><strong>Urinary incontinence</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>22579</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0042024</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Loss of the ability to control the urinary bladder leading to involuntary urination.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/22579">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Urinary%20incontinence%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2022579%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87607"><div><strong>Short stature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87607</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0349588</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87607">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20stature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087607%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_41440"><div><strong>Dysphagia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41440</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0011168</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Difficulty in swallowing.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41440">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dysphagia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2041440%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_274"><div><strong>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>274</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0002736</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disease that affects motor neurons, which are specialized nerve cells that control muscle movement. These nerve cells are found in the spinal cord and the brain. In ALS, motor neurons die (atrophy) over time, leading to muscle weakness, a loss of muscle mass, and an inability to control movement.\n\nThere are many different types of ALS; these types are distinguished by their signs and symptoms and their genetic cause or lack of clear genetic association. Most people with ALS have a form of the condition that is described as sporadic, which means it occurs in people with no apparent history of the disorder in their family. People with sporadic ALS usually first develop features of the condition in their late fifties or early sixties. A small proportion of people with ALS, estimated at 5 to 10 percent, have a family history of ALS or a related condition called frontotemporal dementia (FTD), which is a progressive brain disorder that affects personality, behavior, and language. The signs and symptoms of familial ALS typically first appear in one's late forties or early fifties. Rarely, people with familial ALS develop symptoms in childhood or their teenage years. These individuals have a rare form of the disorder known as juvenile ALS.\n\nThe first signs and symptoms of ALS may be so subtle that they are overlooked. The earliest symptoms include muscle twitching, cramping, stiffness, or weakness. Affected individuals may develop slurred speech (dysarthria) and, later, difficulty chewing or swallowing (dysphagia). Many people with ALS experience malnutrition because of reduced food intake due to dysphagia and an increase in their body's energy demands (metabolism) due to prolonged illness. Muscles become weaker as the disease progresses, and arms and legs begin to look thinner as muscle tissue atrophies. Individuals with ALS eventually lose muscle strength and the ability to walk. Affected individuals eventually become wheelchair-dependent and increasingly require help with personal care and other activities of daily living. Over time, muscle weakness causes affected individuals to lose the use of their hands and arms. Breathing becomes difficult because the muscles of the respiratory system weaken. Most people with ALS die from respiratory failure within 2 to 10 years after the signs and symptoms of ALS first appear; however, disease progression varies widely among affected individuals.\n\nApproximately 20 percent of individuals with ALS also develop FTD. Changes in personality and behavior may make it difficult for affected individuals to interact with others in a socially appropriate manner. Communication skills worsen as the disease progresses. It is unclear how the development of ALS and FTD are related. Individuals who develop both conditions are diagnosed as having ALS-FTD.\n\nA rare form of ALS that often runs in families is known as ALS-parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALS-PDC). This disorder is characterized by the signs and symptoms of ALS, in addition to a pattern of movement abnormalities known as parkinsonism, and a progressive loss of intellectual function (dementia). Signs of parkinsonism include unusually slow movements (bradykinesia), stiffness, and tremors. Affected members of the same family can have different combinations of signs and symptoms.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/274">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20274%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_849"><div><strong>Cerebellar ataxia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>849</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0007758</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/849">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebellar%20ataxia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20849%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_40341"><div><strong>Clonus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>40341</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0009024</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A series of rhythmic and involuntary muscle contractions (at a frequency of about 5 to 7 Hz) that occur in response to an abruptly applied and sustained stretch.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/40341">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Clonus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2040341%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_8510"><div><strong>Dysarthria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8510</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0013362</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/8510">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dysarthria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%208510%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_3940"><div><strong>Dystonic disorder</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>3940</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0013421</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally increased muscular tone that causes fixed abnormal postures. There is a slow, intermittent twisting motion that leads to exaggerated turning and posture of the extremities and trunk.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/3940">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dystonic%20disorder%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%203940%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_44181"><div><strong>Spastic diplegia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>44181</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0023882</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Spasticity (neuromuscular hypertonia) primarily in the muscles of the legs, hips, and pelvis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/44181">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spastic%20diplegia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2044181%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_7753"><div><strong>Spasticity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7753</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026838</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7753">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spasticity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%207753%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_19708"><div><strong>Babinski sign</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>19708</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0034935</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Upturning of the big toe (and sometimes fanning of the other toes) in response to stimulation of the sole of the foot. If the Babinski sign is present it can indicate damage to the corticospinal tract.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/19708">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Babinski%20sign%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2019708%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_56246"><div><strong>Opisthotonus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>56246</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151818</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/56246">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Opisthotonus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2056246%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57738"><div><strong>Hyperreflexia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57738</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151889</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hyperreflexia is the presence of hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57738">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyperreflexia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057738%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_115907"><div><strong>Spastic gait</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>115907</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0231687</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Spasticity is manifested by increased stretch reflex which is intensified with movement velocity. This results in excessive and inappropriate muscle activation which can contribute to muscle hypertonia. Spastic gait is characterized by manifestations such as muscle hypertonia, stiff knee, and circumduction of the leg.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/115907">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spastic%20gait%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20115907%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_68604"><div><strong>Anarthria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>68604</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0234517</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A defect in the motor ability that enables speech.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/68604">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anarthria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2068604%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98104"><div><strong>Tip-toe gait</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98104</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0427144</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal gait pattern characterized by the failure of the heel to contact the floor at the onset of stance during gait.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98104">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Tip-toe%20gait%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098104%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_105312"><div><strong>Spastic dysarthria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>105312</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0454596</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of dysarthria related to bilateral damage of the upper motor neuron tracts of the pyramidal and extra- pyramidal tracts. Speech of affected individuals is slow, effortful, and has a harsh vocal quality.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/105312">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spastic%20dysarthria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20105312%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107838"><div><strong>Global developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107838</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0557874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107838">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Global%20developmental%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107838%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_658719"><div><strong>Spastic tetraparesis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>658719</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0575059</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Spastic weakness affecting all four limbs.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/658719">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spastic%20tetraparesis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20658719%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107895"><div><strong>Gait disturbance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107895</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0575081</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The term gait disturbance can refer to any disruption of the ability to walk.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107895">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Gait%20disturbance%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107895%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_220865"><div><strong>Lower limb spasticity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>220865</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1271100</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Spasticity (velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone and hyperexcitable tendon reflexes) in the muscles of the lower limbs, hips, and pelvis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/220865">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Lower%20limb%20spasticity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20220865%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_220882"><div><strong>Upper limb spasticity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>220882</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1273957</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/220882">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Upper%20limb%20spasticity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20220882%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_299071"><div><strong>Head titubation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>299071</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1608410</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A head tremor of moderate speed (3 to 4 Hz) in the anterior-posterior direction.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/299071">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Head%20titubation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20299071%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_341342"><div><strong>Generalized dystonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341342</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848954</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of dystonia that affects all or most of the body.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341342">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Generalized%20dystonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20341342%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_342872"><div><strong>Spasticity of pharyngeal muscles</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>342872</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1853398</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/342872">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spasticity%20of%20pharyngeal%20muscles%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20342872%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_344036"><div><strong>Spasticity of facial muscles</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>344036</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1853404</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Spasticity of one or more muscles innervated by the facial nerve.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/344036">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spasticity%20of%20facial%20muscles%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20344036%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_356272"><div><strong>Abnormal lower motor neuron morphology</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>356272</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865412</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any structural anomaly of the lower motor neuron.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/356272">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormal%20lower%20motor%20neuron%20morphology%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20356272%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_747359"><div><strong>Pseudobulbar affect</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>747359</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2316460</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is characterized by uncontrolled crying or laughing which may be disproportionate or inappropriate to the social context. Thus, there is a disparity between the patient's emotional expression and his or her emotional experience.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/747359">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Pseudobulbar%20affect%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20747359%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1853271"><div><strong>Abnormal speech pattern</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1853271</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3687424</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormality in the sound (volume) or cadence (rate) of speech.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1853271">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormal%20speech%20pattern%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201853271%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_854508"><div><strong>Retrocollis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>854508</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3887667</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A form of torticollis in which the head is drawn back, either due to a permanent contractures of neck extensor muscles, or to a spasmodic contracture.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/854508">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Retrocollis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20854508%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_867773"><div><strong>Delayed somatosensory central conduction time</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>867773</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4022163</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal increase (delay) in the somatosensory central conduction time (CCT), which can be measured from the peak of N13 to the peak of N20 (peak CCT) or from the onset of N11 to the onset of N20 (onset CCT).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/867773">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Delayed%20somatosensory%20central%20conduction%20time%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20867773%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_871241"><div><strong>Abnormal upper motor neuron morphology</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>871241</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025723</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any structural anomaly that affects the upper motor neuron.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/871241">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormal%20upper%20motor%20neuron%20morphology%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20871241%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1671069"><div><strong>Arm dystonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1671069</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4732776</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of dystonia (abnormally increased muscular tone causing fixed abnormal postures) that affects muscles of the arms.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1671069">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Arm%20dystonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201671069%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1779297"><div><strong>Abnormal exteroceptive sensation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1779297</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5539790</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of somatic sensory dysfunction characterized by abnormality of superficial sensation that is mediated by receptors in skin and mucous membranes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1779297">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormal%20exteroceptive%20sensation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201779297%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10132"><div><strong>Hypertonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10132</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026826</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A condition in which there is increased muscle tone so that arms or legs, for example, are stiff and difficult to move.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10132">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypertonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010132%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11348"><div><strong>Scoliosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11348</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0036439</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11348">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Scoliosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011348%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57735"><div><strong>Muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57735</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151786</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced strength of muscles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57735">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057735%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_113169"><div><strong>Proximal muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>113169</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221629</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A lack of strength of the proximal muscles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/113169">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Proximal%20muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20113169%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_116091"><div><strong>Hand muscle atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116091</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239830</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Muscular atrophy involving the muscles of the hand.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116091">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hand%20muscle%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20116091%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_140883"><div><strong>Distal muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>140883</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0427065</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced strength of the musculature of the distal extremities.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/140883">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Distal%20muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20140883%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_892680"><div><strong>Muscular atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>892680</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0541794</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/892680">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Muscular%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20892680%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_324515"><div><strong>Distal lower limb amyotrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>324515</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836451</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Muscular atrophy of distal leg muscles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/324515">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Distal%20lower%20limb%20amyotrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20324515%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_338530"><div><strong>Distal amyotrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>338530</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848736</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Muscular atrophy affecting muscles in the distal portions of the extremities.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/338530">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Distal%20amyotrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20338530%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_369611"><div><strong>Limb joint contracture</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>369611</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1969879</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A contracture (chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin) that prevent normal movement of one or more joints of the limbs.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/369611">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Limb%20joint%20contracture%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20369611%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_871143"><div><strong>EMG: chronic denervation signs</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>871143</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025614</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Evidence of chronic denervation on electromyography.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/871143">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22EMG%3A%20chronic%20denervation%20signs%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20871143%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1644158"><div><strong>Microcephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1644158</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551563</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1644158">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microcephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201644158%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_8484"><div><strong>Drooling</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8484</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0013132</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Habitual flow of saliva out of the mouth.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/8484">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Drooling%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%208484%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_377897"><div><strong>Tongue muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>377897</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1853406</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced strength of the tongue musculature, resulting in difficulties moving the tongue and possible accompanied by dysarthria or dysphagia.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/377897">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Tongue%20muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20377897%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_45166"><div><strong>Nystagmus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>45166</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0028738</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/45166">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Nystagmus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2045166%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_8484" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Drooling</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_377897" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tongue muscle weakness</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_41440" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dysphagia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_45166" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Nystagmus</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_338530" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Distal amyotrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_324515" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Distal lower limb amyotrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_140883" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Distal muscle weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_871143" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">EMG: chronic denervation signs</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_116091" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hand muscle atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10132" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypertonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_369611" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Limb joint contracture</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1644158" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microcephaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57735" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Muscle weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_892680" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Muscular atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_113169" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Proximal muscle weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11348" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Scoliosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1779297" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormal exteroceptive sensation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_356272" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormal lower motor neuron morphology</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1853271" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormal speech pattern</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_871241" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormal upper motor neuron morphology</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_274" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_68604" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anarthria</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1671069" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Arm dystonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_19708" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Babinski sign</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_849" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebellar ataxia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_40341" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Clonus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_867773" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Delayed somatosensory central conduction time</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_8510" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dysarthria</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_3940" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dystonic disorder</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107895" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Gait disturbance</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_341342" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Generalized dystonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107838" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Global developmental delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_299071" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Head titubation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57738" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperreflexia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_220865" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lower limb spasticity</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_56246" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Opisthotonus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_747359" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pseudobulbar affect</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_854508" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retrocollis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_44181" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spastic diplegia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_105312" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spastic dysarthria</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_115907" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spastic gait</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_658719" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spastic tetraparesis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_7753" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spasticity</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_344036" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spasticity of facial muscles</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_342872" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spasticity of pharyngeal muscles</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98104" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tip-toe gait</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_220882" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Upper limb spasticity</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Constitutional symptom</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_22579" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Urinary incontinence</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87607" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short stature</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0002736[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=274">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=274">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=274" ref="ncbi_uid=274">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/274" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=274&amp;link_uid=274" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1862939[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=400169">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=400169" target="_blank" href="/omim/105400">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=400169">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=400169" ref="ncbi_uid=400169">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400169" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=400169&amp;link_uid=400169" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=339829" target="_blank" href="/omim/606640">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=339829">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/339829" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=339829&amp;link_uid=339829" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 3'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 3</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1865409[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=355983">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=355983" target="_blank" href="/omim/602433">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=355983">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=355983" ref="ncbi_uid=355983">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/355983" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=355983&amp;link_uid=355983" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C2931786[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=419901">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=419901" target="_blank" href="/omim/137070">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=419901">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=419901" ref="ncbi_uid=419901">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/419901" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=419901&amp;link_uid=419901" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=413027" target="_blank" href="/omim/137070">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=413027" ref="ncbi_uid=413027">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/413027" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=413027&amp;link_uid=413027" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6, autosomal recessive'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6, autosomal recessive</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=334136" target="_blank" href="/omim/608031">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=334136">G</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/334136" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=334136&amp;link_uid=334136" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 7'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 7</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1837728[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=325237">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=325237" target="_blank" href="/omim/605704">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=325237">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=325237" ref="ncbi_uid=325237">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/325237" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=325237&amp;link_uid=325237" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C2678468[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=395629">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=395629" target="_blank" href="/omim/105850">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=395629">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=395629" ref="ncbi_uid=395629">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/395629" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=395629&amp;link_uid=395629" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 9'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 9</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C2677565[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=383137">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=383137" target="_blank" href="/omim/612069">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=(NBK1450%20OR%20NBK5942)%20AND%20gene%5Bbook%5D&amp;showtype=onebook" ref="ncbi_uid=383137">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=383137" ref="ncbi_uid=383137">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/383137" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=383137&amp;link_uid=383137" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C2675491[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=393399">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=393399" target="_blank" href="/omim/609390">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=393399">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=393399" ref="ncbi_uid=393399">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/393399" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=393399&amp;link_uid=393399" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 11'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 11</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3468114[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical&amp;redirect=true" ref="ncbi_uid=923704">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=923704" ref="ncbi_uid=923704">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/923704" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=923704&amp;link_uid=923704" title="View MedGen record for 'Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis'">Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1865864[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=356388">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=356388" target="_blank" href="/omim/602099">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=356388">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=356388" ref="ncbi_uid=356388">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/356388" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=356388&amp;link_uid=356388" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 5'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 5</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3280587[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=482217">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=482217" target="_blank" href="/omim/601978">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1450/" ref="ncbi_uid=482217">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=482217" ref="ncbi_uid=482217">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/482217" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=482217&amp;link_uid=482217" title="View MedGen record for 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 16'">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 16</a></span></li><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1859807[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=349246">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=349246" target="_blank" href="/omim/205100">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=(NBK1243%20OR%20NBK1450)%20AND%20gene%5Bbook%5D&amp;showtype=onebook" ref="ncbi_uid=349246">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=349246" ref="ncbi_uid=349246">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 2, juvenile</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/311052" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non-Neoplastic Disorder">Non-Neoplastic Disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/317955" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Non-Neoplastic Disorder by Special Category">Non-Neoplastic Disorder by Special Category</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/224837" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Degenerative disorder">Degenerative disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/124363" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Degenerative disease of the central nervous system">Degenerative disease of the central nervous system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/274" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/923704" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis">Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 2, juvenile</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7595601">The insulin-like growth factor signaling system and ALS neurotrophic factor treatment strategies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Festoff BW,
Yang SX,
Vaught J,
Bryan C,
Ma JY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neurol Sci</span>
1995 May;129 Suppl:114-21.
doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(95)00080-l.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7595601" target="_blank">7595601</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202%2C%20juvenile)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Curated<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpCurated"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3><h3 class="nl vspace"><a href="https://www.orpha.net/data/patho/Pro/en/Emergency_AmyotrophicLateralSclerosis.pdf" target="_blank">Orphanet, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 2007</a></h3>
</div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38702287">Distal hereditary motor neuropathies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tazir M,
Nouioua S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rev Neurol (Paris)</span>
2024 Dec;180(10):1031-1036.
Epub 2024 May 3
doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.09.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38702287" target="_blank">38702287</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36445400">Early onset hereditary neuronopathies: an update on non-5q motor neuron diseases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zambon AA,
Pini V,
Bosco L,
Falzone YM,
Munot P,
Muntoni F,
Previtali SC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain</span>
2023 Mar 1;146(3):806-822.
doi: 10.1093/brain/awac452.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36445400" target="_blank">36445400</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9976982" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33385753">Measuring coping in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using the Coping Index-ALS: A patient derived, Rasch compliant scale.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Young CA,
McDermott CJ,
Williams TL,
Ealing J,
Majeed T,
Al-Chalabi A,
Dick DJ,
Talbot K,
Harrower T,
Pinto A,
Hanemann CO,
Burke G,
Roberts R,
Mills RJ,
Tennant A;
TONiC study group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neurol Sci</span>
2021 Feb 15;421:117285.
Epub 2020 Dec 29
doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117285.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33385753" target="_blank">33385753</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26556829">ALS5/SPG11/KIAA1840 mutations cause autosomal recessive axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Montecchiani C,
Pedace L,
Lo Giudice T,
Casella A,
Mearini M,
Gaudiello F,
Pedroso JL,
Terracciano C,
Caltagirone C,
Massa R,
St George-Hyslop PH,
Barsottini OG,
Kawarai T,
Orlacchio A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain</span>
2016 Jan;139(Pt 1):73-85.
Epub 2015 Nov 10
doi: 10.1093/brain/awv320.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26556829" target="_blank">26556829</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5839554" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24694197">Association of genetic variants in senataxin and Alzheimer's disease in a Chinese Han population in Taiwan.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shen CP,
Lin WY,
Lin TF,
Wang WF,
Tsai CH,
Hsu BD,
Huang CY,
Liu HP,
Tsai FJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chin J Physiol</span>
2014 Apr 30;57(2):83-9.
doi: 10.4077/CJP.2014.BAC228.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24694197" target="_blank">24694197</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202%2C%20juvenile%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39072769">Dominant stop-loss HNRNPA1 variants in juvenile-onset myopathy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Turner J,
Bruels CC,
Daugherty AL,
Estrella EA,
Stafki S,
Syeda SB,
Littel HR,
Pais L,
Ganesh VS,
Lidov HGW,
Paine SML,
Maddison P,
Harrison RE,
Straub V,
Ghosh PS,
Pacak CA,
Kunkel LM,
Draper I,
Topf A,
Kang PB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Muscle Nerve</span>
2024 Oct;70(4):843-850.
Epub 2024 Jul 28
doi: 10.1002/mus.28214.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39072769" target="_blank">39072769</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11469940" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38702287">Distal hereditary motor neuropathies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tazir M,
Nouioua S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rev Neurol (Paris)</span>
2024 Dec;180(10):1031-1036.
Epub 2024 May 3
doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.09.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38702287" target="_blank">38702287</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36445400">Early onset hereditary neuronopathies: an update on non-5q motor neuron diseases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zambon AA,
Pini V,
Bosco L,
Falzone YM,
Munot P,
Muntoni F,
Previtali SC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain</span>
2023 Mar 1;146(3):806-822.
doi: 10.1093/brain/awac452.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36445400" target="_blank">36445400</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9976982" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34459874">Association of Variants in the SPTLC1 Gene With Juvenile Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Johnson JO,
Chia R,
Miller DE,
Li R,
Kumaran R,
Abramzon Y,
Alahmady N,
Renton AE,
Topp SD,
Gibbs JR,
Cookson MR,
Sabir MS,
Dalgard CL,
Troakes C,
Jones AR,
Shatunov A,
Iacoangeli A,
Al Khleifat A,
Ticozzi N,
Silani V,
Gellera C,
Blair IP,
Dobson-Stone C,
Kwok JB,
Bonkowski ES,
Palvadeau R,
Tienari PJ,
Morrison KE,
Shaw PJ,
Al-Chalabi A,
Brown RH Jr,
Calvo A,
Mora G,
Al-Saif H,
Gotkine M,
Leigh F,
Chang IJ,
Perlman SJ,
Glass I,
Scott AI,
Shaw CE,
Basak AN,
Landers JE,
Chiò A,
Crawford TO,
Smith BN,
Traynor BJ;
FALS Sequencing Consortium; American Genome Center; International ALS Genomics Consortium; and ITALSGEN Consortium,
Smith BN,
Ticozzi N,
Fallini C,
Gkazi AS,
Topp SD,
Scotter EL,
Kenna KP,
Keagle P,
Tiloca C,
Vance C,
Troakes C,
Colombrita C,
King A,
Pensato V,
Castellotti B,
Baas F,
Ten Asbroek ALMA,
McKenna-Yasek D,
McLaughlin RL,
Polak M,
Asress S,
Esteban-Pérez J,
Stevic Z,
D'Alfonso S,
Mazzini L,
Comi GP,
Del Bo R,
Ceroni M,
Gagliardi S,
Querin G,
Bertolin C,
van Rheenen W,
Rademakers R,
van Blitterswijk M,
Lauria G,
Duga S,
Corti S,
Cereda C,
Corrado L,
Sorarù G,
Williams KL,
Nicholson GA,
Blair IP,
Leblond-Manry C,
Rouleau GA,
Hardiman O,
Morrison KE,
Veldink JH,
van den Berg LH,
Al-Chalabi A,
Pall H,
Shaw PJ,
Turner MR,
Talbot K,
Taroni F,
García-Redondo A,
Wu Z,
Glass JD,
Gellera C,
Ratti A,
Brown RH Jr,
Silani V,
Shaw CE,
Landers JE,
Dalgard CL,
Adeleye A,
Soltis AR,
Alba C,
Viollet C,
Bacikova D,
Hupalo DN,
Sukumar G,
Pollard HB,
Wilkerson MD,
Martinez EM,
Abramzon Y,
Ahmed S,
Arepalli S,
Baloh RH,
Bowser R,
Brady CB,
Brice A,
Broach J,
Campbell RH,
Camu W,
Chia R,
Cooper-Knock J,
Ding J,
Drepper C,
Drory VE,
Dunckley TL,
Eicher JD,
England BK,
Faghri F,
Feldman E,
Floeter MK,
Fratta P,
Geiger JT,
Gerhard G,
Gibbs JR,
Gibson SB,
Glass JD,
Hardy J,
Harms MB,
Heiman-Patterson TD,
Hernandez DG,
Jansson L,
Kirby J,
Kowall NW,
Laaksovirta H,
Landeck N,
Landi F,
Le Ber I,
Lumbroso S,
MacGowan DJL,
Maragakis NJ,
Mora G,
Mouzat K,
Murphy NA,
Myllykangas L,
Nalls MA,
Orrell RW,
Ostrow LW,
Pamphlett R,
Pickering-Brown S,
Pioro EP,
Pletnikova O,
Pliner HA,
Pulst SM,
Ravits JM,
Renton AE,
Rivera A,
Robberecht W,
Rogaeva E,
Rollinson S,
Rothstein JD,
Scholz SW,
Sendtner M,
Shaw PJ,
Sidle KC,
Simmons Z,
Singleton AB,
Smith N,
Stone DJ,
Tienari PJ,
Troncoso JC,
Valori M,
Van Damme P,
Van Deerlin VM,
Van Den Bosch L,
Zinman L,
Landers JE,
Chiò A,
Traynor BJ,
Angelocola SM,
Ausiello FP,
Barberis M,
Bartolomei I,
Battistini S,
Bersano E,
Bisogni G,
Borghero G,
Brunetti M,
Cabona C,
Calvo A,
Canale F,
Canosa A,
Cantisani TA,
Capasso M,
Caponnetto C,
Cardinali P,
Carrera P,
Casale F,
Chiò A,
Colletti T,
Conforti FL,
Conte A,
Conti E,
Corbo M,
Cuccu S,
Dalla Bella E,
D'Errico E,
DeMarco G,
Dubbioso R,
Ferrarese C,
Ferraro PM,
Filippi M,
Fini N,
Floris G,
Fuda G,
Gallone S,
Gianferrari G,
Giannini F,
Grassano M,
Greco L,
Iazzolino B,
Introna A,
La Bella V,
Lattante S,
Lauria G,
Liguori R,
Logroscino G,
Logullo FO,
Lunetta C,
Mandich P,
Mandrioli J,
Manera U,
Manganelli F,
Marangi G,
Marinou K,
Marrosu MG,
Martinelli I,
Messina S,
Moglia C,
Mora G,
Mosca L,
Murru MR,
Origone P,
Passaniti C,
Petrelli C,
Petrucci A,
Pozzi S,
Pugliatti M,
Quattrini A,
Ricci C,
Riolo G,
Riva N,
Russo M,
Sabatelli M,
Salamone P,
Salivetto M,
Salvi F,
Santarelli M,
Sbaiz L,
Sideri R,
Simone I,
Simonini C,
Spataro R,
Tanel R,
Tedeschi G,
Ticca A,
Torriello A,
Tranquilli S,
Tremolizzo L,
Trojsi F,
Vasta R,
Vacchiano V,
Vita G,
Volanti P,
Zollino M,
Zucchi E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Neurol</span>
2021 Oct 1;78(10):1236-1248.
doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.2598.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34459874" target="_blank">34459874</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8406220" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30992063">Mutations in ATP13A2 (PARK9) are associated with an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like phenotype, implicating this locus in further phenotypic expansion.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Spataro R,
Kousi M,
Farhan SMK,
Willer JR,
Ross JP,
Dion PA,
Rouleau GA,
Daly MJ,
Neale BM,
La Bella V,
Katsanis N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Genomics</span>
2019 Apr 16;13(1):19.
doi: 10.1186/s40246-019-0203-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30992063" target="_blank">30992063</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6469102" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202%2C%20juvenile%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7595601">The insulin-like growth factor signaling system and ALS neurotrophic factor treatment strategies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Festoff BW,
Yang SX,
Vaught J,
Bryan C,
Ma JY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neurol Sci</span>
1995 May;129 Suppl:114-21.
doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(95)00080-l.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7595601" target="_blank">7595601</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202%2C%20juvenile%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39072769">Dominant stop-loss HNRNPA1 variants in juvenile-onset myopathy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Turner J,
Bruels CC,
Daugherty AL,
Estrella EA,
Stafki S,
Syeda SB,
Littel HR,
Pais L,
Ganesh VS,
Lidov HGW,
Paine SML,
Maddison P,
Harrison RE,
Straub V,
Ghosh PS,
Pacak CA,
Kunkel LM,
Draper I,
Topf A,
Kang PB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Muscle Nerve</span>
2024 Oct;70(4):843-850.
Epub 2024 Jul 28
doi: 10.1002/mus.28214.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39072769" target="_blank">39072769</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11469940" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34243065">The N-terminal intrinsically disordered region mediates intracellular localization and self-oligomerization of ALS2.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shimakura K,
Sato K,
Mitsui S,
Ono S,
Otomo A,
Hadano S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Biochem Biophys Res Commun</span>
2021 Sep 10;569:106-111.
Epub 2021 Jul 6
doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.095.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34243065" target="_blank">34243065</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32997296">Unusual electrophysiological findings in a Chinese ALS 4 family with SETX-L389S mutation: a three-year follow-up.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lei L,
Chen H,
Lu Y,
Zhu W,
Ouyang Y,
Duo J,
Chen Z,
Da Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neurol</span>
2021 Mar;268(3):1050-1058.
Epub 2020 Sep 30
doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10246-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32997296" target="_blank">32997296</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31900114">Chinese families with autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia caused by mutations in SPG11.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen X,
Liu J,
Wei QQ,
Ou RW,
Cao B,
Yuan X,
Hou Y,
Zhang L,
Shang H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Neurol</span>
2020 Jan 3;20(1):2.
doi: 10.1186/s12883-019-1593-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31900114" target="_blank">31900114</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6941247" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26556829">ALS5/SPG11/KIAA1840 mutations cause autosomal recessive axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Montecchiani C,
Pedace L,
Lo Giudice T,
Casella A,
Mearini M,
Gaudiello F,
Pedroso JL,
Terracciano C,
Caltagirone C,
Massa R,
St George-Hyslop PH,
Barsottini OG,
Kawarai T,
Orlacchio A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain</span>
2016 Jan;139(Pt 1):73-85.
Epub 2015 Nov 10
doi: 10.1093/brain/awv320.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26556829" target="_blank">26556829</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5839554" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202%2C%20juvenile%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38702287">Distal hereditary motor neuropathies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tazir M,
Nouioua S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rev Neurol (Paris)</span>
2024 Dec;180(10):1031-1036.
Epub 2024 May 3
doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.09.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38702287" target="_blank">38702287</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34459874">Association of Variants in the SPTLC1 Gene With Juvenile Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Johnson JO,
Chia R,
Miller DE,
Li R,
Kumaran R,
Abramzon Y,
Alahmady N,
Renton AE,
Topp SD,
Gibbs JR,
Cookson MR,
Sabir MS,
Dalgard CL,
Troakes C,
Jones AR,
Shatunov A,
Iacoangeli A,
Al Khleifat A,
Ticozzi N,
Silani V,
Gellera C,
Blair IP,
Dobson-Stone C,
Kwok JB,
Bonkowski ES,
Palvadeau R,
Tienari PJ,
Morrison KE,
Shaw PJ,
Al-Chalabi A,
Brown RH Jr,
Calvo A,
Mora G,
Al-Saif H,
Gotkine M,
Leigh F,
Chang IJ,
Perlman SJ,
Glass I,
Scott AI,
Shaw CE,
Basak AN,
Landers JE,
Chiò A,
Crawford TO,
Smith BN,
Traynor BJ;
FALS Sequencing Consortium; American Genome Center; International ALS Genomics Consortium; and ITALSGEN Consortium,
Smith BN,
Ticozzi N,
Fallini C,
Gkazi AS,
Topp SD,
Scotter EL,
Kenna KP,
Keagle P,
Tiloca C,
Vance C,
Troakes C,
Colombrita C,
King A,
Pensato V,
Castellotti B,
Baas F,
Ten Asbroek ALMA,
McKenna-Yasek D,
McLaughlin RL,
Polak M,
Asress S,
Esteban-Pérez J,
Stevic Z,
D'Alfonso S,
Mazzini L,
Comi GP,
Del Bo R,
Ceroni M,
Gagliardi S,
Querin G,
Bertolin C,
van Rheenen W,
Rademakers R,
van Blitterswijk M,
Lauria G,
Duga S,
Corti S,
Cereda C,
Corrado L,
Sorarù G,
Williams KL,
Nicholson GA,
Blair IP,
Leblond-Manry C,
Rouleau GA,
Hardiman O,
Morrison KE,
Veldink JH,
van den Berg LH,
Al-Chalabi A,
Pall H,
Shaw PJ,
Turner MR,
Talbot K,
Taroni F,
García-Redondo A,
Wu Z,
Glass JD,
Gellera C,
Ratti A,
Brown RH Jr,
Silani V,
Shaw CE,
Landers JE,
Dalgard CL,
Adeleye A,
Soltis AR,
Alba C,
Viollet C,
Bacikova D,
Hupalo DN,
Sukumar G,
Pollard HB,
Wilkerson MD,
Martinez EM,
Abramzon Y,
Ahmed S,
Arepalli S,
Baloh RH,
Bowser R,
Brady CB,
Brice A,
Broach J,
Campbell RH,
Camu W,
Chia R,
Cooper-Knock J,
Ding J,
Drepper C,
Drory VE,
Dunckley TL,
Eicher JD,
England BK,
Faghri F,
Feldman E,
Floeter MK,
Fratta P,
Geiger JT,
Gerhard G,
Gibbs JR,
Gibson SB,
Glass JD,
Hardy J,
Harms MB,
Heiman-Patterson TD,
Hernandez DG,
Jansson L,
Kirby J,
Kowall NW,
Laaksovirta H,
Landeck N,
Landi F,
Le Ber I,
Lumbroso S,
MacGowan DJL,
Maragakis NJ,
Mora G,
Mouzat K,
Murphy NA,
Myllykangas L,
Nalls MA,
Orrell RW,
Ostrow LW,
Pamphlett R,
Pickering-Brown S,
Pioro EP,
Pletnikova O,
Pliner HA,
Pulst SM,
Ravits JM,
Renton AE,
Rivera A,
Robberecht W,
Rogaeva E,
Rollinson S,
Rothstein JD,
Scholz SW,
Sendtner M,
Shaw PJ,
Sidle KC,
Simmons Z,
Singleton AB,
Smith N,
Stone DJ,
Tienari PJ,
Troncoso JC,
Valori M,
Van Damme P,
Van Deerlin VM,
Van Den Bosch L,
Zinman L,
Landers JE,
Chiò A,
Traynor BJ,
Angelocola SM,
Ausiello FP,
Barberis M,
Bartolomei I,
Battistini S,
Bersano E,
Bisogni G,
Borghero G,
Brunetti M,
Cabona C,
Calvo A,
Canale F,
Canosa A,
Cantisani TA,
Capasso M,
Caponnetto C,
Cardinali P,
Carrera P,
Casale F,
Chiò A,
Colletti T,
Conforti FL,
Conte A,
Conti E,
Corbo M,
Cuccu S,
Dalla Bella E,
D'Errico E,
DeMarco G,
Dubbioso R,
Ferrarese C,
Ferraro PM,
Filippi M,
Fini N,
Floris G,
Fuda G,
Gallone S,
Gianferrari G,
Giannini F,
Grassano M,
Greco L,
Iazzolino B,
Introna A,
La Bella V,
Lattante S,
Lauria G,
Liguori R,
Logroscino G,
Logullo FO,
Lunetta C,
Mandich P,
Mandrioli J,
Manera U,
Manganelli F,
Marangi G,
Marinou K,
Marrosu MG,
Martinelli I,
Messina S,
Moglia C,
Mora G,
Mosca L,
Murru MR,
Origone P,
Passaniti C,
Petrelli C,
Petrucci A,
Pozzi S,
Pugliatti M,
Quattrini A,
Ricci C,
Riolo G,
Riva N,
Russo M,
Sabatelli M,
Salamone P,
Salivetto M,
Salvi F,
Santarelli M,
Sbaiz L,
Sideri R,
Simone I,
Simonini C,
Spataro R,
Tanel R,
Tedeschi G,
Ticca A,
Torriello A,
Tranquilli S,
Tremolizzo L,
Trojsi F,
Vasta R,
Vacchiano V,
Vita G,
Volanti P,
Zollino M,
Zucchi E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Neurol</span>
2021 Oct 1;78(10):1236-1248.
doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.2598.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34459874" target="_blank">34459874</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8406220" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34243065">The N-terminal intrinsically disordered region mediates intracellular localization and self-oligomerization of ALS2.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shimakura K,
Sato K,
Mitsui S,
Ono S,
Otomo A,
Hadano S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Biochem Biophys Res Commun</span>
2021 Sep 10;569:106-111.
Epub 2021 Jul 6
doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.095.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34243065" target="_blank">34243065</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33385753">Measuring coping in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using the Coping Index-ALS: A patient derived, Rasch compliant scale.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Young CA,
McDermott CJ,
Williams TL,
Ealing J,
Majeed T,
Al-Chalabi A,
Dick DJ,
Talbot K,
Harrower T,
Pinto A,
Hanemann CO,
Burke G,
Roberts R,
Mills RJ,
Tennant A;
TONiC study group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neurol Sci</span>
2021 Feb 15;421:117285.
Epub 2020 Dec 29
doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117285.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33385753" target="_blank">33385753</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32686621">SETX (senataxin), the helicase mutated in AOA2 and ALS4, functions in autophagy regulation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Richard P,
Feng S,
Tsai YL,
Li W,
Rinchetti P,
Muhith U,
Irizarry-Cole J,
Stolz K,
Sanz LA,
Hartono S,
Hoque M,
Tadesse S,
Seitz H,
Lotti F,
Hirano M,
Chédin F,
Tian B,
Manley JL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Autophagy</span>
2021 Aug;17(8):1889-1906.
Epub 2020 Aug 7
doi: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1796292.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32686621" target="_blank">32686621</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8386630" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202%2C%20juvenile%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (16)</a></div></div>
</div>
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
<div>
<!-- MedGen supplemental column starts here -->
<div class="rightCol mgCol">
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_106">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1859807%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (19)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1859807%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F12" target="_blank">Microsatellite instability testing (MSI) (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1859807%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (31)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1859807%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (6)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1859807%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (32)</a></total></li>
</ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=205100" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202,%20juvenile" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_121">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202%2C%20juvenile)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul><h3 class="subhead">Curated</h3><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.orpha.net/data/patho/Pro/en/Emergency_AmyotrophicLateralSclerosis.pdf">Orphanet, 2007</a><div>Orphanet, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 2007</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_115">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Molecular_resources">Molecular resources</h1><a sid="115" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=606352" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=57679[geneid]" target="_blank">View ALS2 variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/209977017" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li><li><a href="https://catalog.coriell.org/Search?q=205100" target="_blank">Coriell Institute for Medical Research</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Consumer_resources">Consumer resources</h1><a sid="116" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis_2_juvenile" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202,%20juvenile" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_title">
<h3>Reviews</h3>
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<li>
<a href="/pubmed/20301421" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=1&amp;linkpostotal=4" target="_blank"><span class="gene_reviews">GeneReviews</span></a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="/pubmed/20301623" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=2&amp;linkpostotal=4" target="_blank"><span class="gene_reviews">GeneReviews</span></a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="/pubmed/clinical?term=Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202,%20juvenile" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=3&amp;linkpostotal=4" target="_blank">PubMed Clinical Queries</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="/pubmed?term=Amyotrophic%20lateral%20sclerosis%20type%202,%20juvenile%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=4&amp;linkpostotal=4" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
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<h3>Related information</h3>
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<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=349246" ref="log$=recordlinks">ClinVar</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related medical variations</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gene?LinkName=medgen_gene_diseases&amp;from_uid=349246" ref="log$=recordlinks">Gene</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in NCBI Gene</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C1859807[DISCUI]" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in GTR</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C1859807[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR(Clinical)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Clinical tests in GTR</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/mesh?LinkName=medgen_mesh&amp;from_uid=349246" ref="log$=recordlinks">MeSH</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related Medical Subject Headings</div>
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<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/books?LinkName=medgen_books&amp;from_uid=349246" ref="log$=recordlinks">NCBI Bookshelf</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in NCBI Bookshelf</div>
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<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim&amp;from_uid=349246" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related records in OMIM</div>
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