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<!--
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UID=337397
|
||
ConceptID=C1846149
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Intellectual disability, progressive</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337397</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1846149</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding; Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
|
||
<td>Mental retardation, progressive</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0006887">HP:0006887</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet_content ln">The term progressive intellectual disability should be used if intelligence decreases/deteriorates over time. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1846149[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical&redirect=true" ref="ncbi_uid=337397">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Intellectual disability, progressive</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/21047" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms">Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/18325" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pathological process">Pathological process</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4347" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disease">Disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/520" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Behavior disorder">Behavior disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/811461" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intellectual disability">Intellectual disability</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Intellectual disability, progressive</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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||
</div>
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||
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||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
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||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_58144"><div><strong>Angelman syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>58144</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0162635</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Angelman syndrome (AS) is characterized by severe developmental delay or intellectual disability, severe speech impairment, gait ataxia and/or tremulousness of the limbs, and unique behavior with an apparent happy demeanor that includes frequent laughing, smiling, and excitability. Microcephaly and seizures are also common. Developmental delays are first noted at around age six months; however, the unique clinical features of AS do not become manifest until after age one year.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/58144">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_75615"><div><strong>Atrophia bulborum hereditaria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75615</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0266526</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Norrie disease (ND) is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by very early childhood blindness due to degenerative and proliferative changes of the neuroretina. Approximately 50% of patients show some form of progressive mental disorder, often with psychotic features, and about one-third of patients develop sensorineural deafness in the second decade. In addition, some patients have more complex phenotypes, including growth failure and seizures (Berger et al., 1992). Warburg (1966) noted confusion of the terms 'pseudoglioma' and microphthalmia with Norrie disease in the literature. 'Pseudoglioma' is a nonspecific term for any condition resembling retinoblastoma and can have diverse causes, including inflammation, hemorrhage, trauma, neoplasia, or congenital malformation, and often shows unilateral involvement. Thus, 'pseudoglioma' is not an acceptable clinical or pathologic diagnosis (see Duke, 1958).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75615">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_78786"><div><strong>Isolated thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78786</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0271789</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of central congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid deficiency that is present from birth, characterized by low levels of thyroid hormones due to a deficiency in TSH synthesis.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78786">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_96022"><div><strong>Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96022</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0398739</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital disorder of glycosylation type IIc (CDG2C) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by moderate to severe psychomotor retardation, mild dysmorphism, and impaired neutrophil motility. It is a member of a group of disorders with a defect in the processing of protein-bound glycans. For a general overview of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs), see CDG1A (212065) and CDG2A (212066). Frydman (1996) contended that the neutrophil defect in CDG2C, which has been referred to as 'leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II' (LAD2), is a manifestation of the disorder and that there are no cases of 'primary' LAD II. Etzioni and Harlan (1999) provided a comprehensive review of both leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1 (LAD1; 116920) and LAD2. While the functional neutrophil studies are similar in the 2 LADs, the clinical course is milder in LAD2. Furthermore, patients with LAD2 present other abnormal features, such as growth and mental retardation, which are related to the primary defect in fucose metabolism. Delayed separation of the umbilical cord occurs in LAD1. For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of LAD, see 116920.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96022">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_208645"><div><strong>Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>208645</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0795889</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS), an X-linked disorder, is characterized in males by neurologic findings (hypotonia and feeding difficulties in infancy, developmental delay / intellectual disability ranging from mild to profound) and later-onset pyramidal signs, extrapyramidal findings (dystonia, choreoathetosis, paroxysmal movement disorder, hypokinesia, masked facies), and seizures, often with drug resistance. Additional findings can include dysthyroidism (manifest as poor weight gain, reduced muscle mass, and variable cold intolerance, sweating, elevated heart rate, and irritability) and pathognomonic thyroid test results. Most heterozygous females are not clinically affected but may have minor thyroid test abnormalities.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/208645">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_167081"><div><strong>Alopecia - contractures - dwarfism - intellectual disability syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>167081</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0795895</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A form of ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by a short stature of prenatal onset, alopecia, ichthyosis, photophobia, ectrodactyly, seizures, scoliosis, multiple contractures, fusions of various bones (particularly elbows, carpals, metacarpals, and spine), intellectual disability, and facial dysmorphism (microdolichocephaly, madarosis, large ears and long nose). ACD syndrome overlaps with ichthyosis follicularis-alopecia-photophobia syndrome.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/167081">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_208654"><div><strong>Kapur-Toriello syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>208654</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0796005</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An extremely rare syndrome with characteristics of facial dysmorphism, severe intellectual deficiency, cardiac and intestinal anomalies, and growth retardation. Only four cases have been reported in the literature, in three unrelated families. Dysmorphic features include bilateral cleft lip and palate, bulbous nasal tip and eye anomalies. The condition seems to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/208654">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_163204"><div><strong>Peters plus syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>163204</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0796012</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Peters plus syndrome is characterized by anterior chamber eye anomalies, short limbs with broad distal extremities, characteristic facial features, cleft lip/palate, and variable developmental delay / intellectual disability. The most common anterior chamber defect is Peters' anomaly, consisting of central corneal clouding, thinning of the posterior cornea, and iridocorneal adhesions. Cataracts and glaucoma are common. Developmental delay is observed in about 80% of children; intellectual disability can range from mild to severe.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/163204">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_163217"><div><strong>Corpus callosum agenesis-abnormal genitalia syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>163217</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0796124</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Proud syndrome is an X-linked developmental disorder characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, severely impaired intellectual development, seizures, and spasticity. Males are severely affected, whereas females may be unaffected or have a milder phenotype (Proud et al., 1992). Proud syndrome is part of a phenotypic spectrum of disorders caused by mutation in the ARX gene comprising a nearly continuous series of developmental disorders ranging from lissencephaly (LISX2; 300215) to Proud syndrome to infantile spasms without brain malformations (DEE1; 308350) to syndromic (309510) and nonsyndromic (300419) mental retardation (Kato et al., 2004; Wallerstein et al., 2008).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/163217">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_209234"><div><strong>6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydrobiopterin synthase deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>209234</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0878676</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)-deficient hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) comprises a genetically heterogeneous group of progressive neurologic disorders caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis or regeneration of BH4. BH4 is a cofactor for phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH; 612349), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; 191290) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1; 191060), the latter 2 of which are involved in neurotransmitter synthesis. The BH4-deficient HPAs are characterized phenotypically by hyperphenylalaninemia, depletion of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin, and progressive cognitive and motor deficits (Dudesek et al., 2001). HPABH4A, caused by mutations in the PTS gene, represents the most common cause of BH4-deficient hyperphenylalaninemia (Dudesek et al., 2001). Other forms of BH4-deficient HPA include HPABH4B (233910), caused by mutation in the GCH1 gene (600225), HPABH4C (261630), caused by mutation in the QDPR gene (612676), and HPABH4D (264070), caused by mutation in the PCBD1 gene (126090). Niederwieser et al. (1982) noted that about 1 to 3% of patients with hyperphenylalaninemia have one of these BH4-deficient forms. These disorders are clinically and genetically distinct from classic phenylketonuria (PKU; 261600), caused by mutation in the PAH gene. Two additional disorders associated with BH4 deficiency and neurologic symptoms do not have overt hyperphenylalaninemia as a feature: dopa-responsive dystonia (612716), caused by mutation in the SPR gene (182125), and autosomal dominant dopa-responsive dystonia (DYT5; 128230), caused by mutation in the GCH1 gene. Patients with these disorders may develop hyperphenylalaninemia when stressed.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/209234">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_266247"><div><strong>Sponastrime dysplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>266247</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1300260</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Sponastrime dysplasia is an autosomal recessive spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD) named for characteristic clinical and radiographic findings, including spine (spondylar) abnormalities, midface hypoplasia with a depressed nasal bridge, and striation of the metaphyses. Additional features include disproportionate short stature with exaggerated lumbar lordosis, scoliosis, coxa vara, limited elbow extension, small dysplastic epiphyses, childhood cataracts, short dental roots, and hypogammaglobulinemia. Radiographically, the abnormalities of the lumbar vertebral bodies are suggested to be the most specific finding because the characteristic metaphyseal striations may not be apparent at young ages. Striking clinical variability in presentation, severity, and associated features has been observed (summary by Burrage et al., 2019).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/266247">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_332113"><div><strong>CEDNIK syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>332113</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1836033</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Cerebral dysgenesis, neuropathy, ichthyosis, and keratoderma syndrome (CEDNIK) refers to a unique constellation of clinical manifestations including global developmental delay with hypotonia, roving eye movements or nystagmus, poor motor skills, and impaired intellectual development with speech delay. More variable features include microcephaly, feeding difficulties, seizures, ocular anomalies, hearing loss, and nonspecific dysmorphic facial features. Palmoplantar keratoderma and ichthyosis or neuropathy develop in some patients. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows varying degrees of cerebral dysgenesis, including absence of the corpus callosum and cortical dysplasia, as well as hypomyelination, white matter loss, and white matter signal anomalies suggestive of a leukodystrophy. Some patients may show developmental regression; many die in childhood (Fuchs-Telem et al., 2011; Mah-Som et al., 2021). With more patients being reported, several authors (Diggle et al., 2017; Llaci et al., 2019; Mah-Som et al., 2021) have observed that the dermatologic features and peripheral neuropathy show reduced penetrance and are more variable manifestations of this disorder, as they are not observed in all patients with biallelic SNAP29 mutations.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/332113">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_324455"><div><strong>Intellectual disability, keratoconus, febrile seizures, and sinoatrial block</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>324455</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1836202</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/324455">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_335350"><div><strong>Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Bieganski type</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>335350</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1846148</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">X-linked spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy (SEMDHL) is an X-linked recessive developmental disorder characterized by slowly progressive skeletal and neurologic abnormalities, including short stature, large and deformed joints, significant motor impairment, visual defects, and sometimes cognitive deficits. Affected individuals typically have normal early development in the first year or so of life, followed by development regression and the development of symptoms. Brain imaging shows white matter abnormalities consistent with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy (summary by Miyake et al., 2017).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/335350">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_376636"><div><strong>Acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376636</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1849678</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency is a disorder of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation. See also D-bifunctional protein deficiency (261515), caused by mutation in the HSD17B4 gene (601860) on chromosome 5q2. The clinical manifestations of these 2 deficiencies are similar to those of disorders of peroxisomal assembly, including Zellweger cerebrohepatorenal syndrome (see 214100) and neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (see 601539) (Watkins et al., 1995).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376636">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_381208"><div><strong>Genitopatellar syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>381208</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1853566</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">KAT6B disorders include genitopatellar syndrome (GPS) and Say-Barber-Biesecker-Young-Simpson variant of Ohdo syndrome (SBBYSS) which are part of a broad phenotypic spectrum with variable expressivity; individuals presenting with a phenotype intermediate between GPS and SBBYSS have been reported. Both phenotypes are characterized by some degree of global developmental delay / intellectual disability; hypotonia; genital abnormalities; and skeletal abnormalities including patellar hypoplasia/agenesis, flexion contractures of the knees and/or hips, and anomalies of the digits, spine, and/or ribs. Congenital heart defects, small bowel malrotation, feeding difficulties, slow growth, cleft palate, hearing loss, and dental anomalies have been observed in individuals with either phenotype.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/381208">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_340930"><div><strong>Joubert syndrome with oculorenal defect</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>340930</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1855675</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Classic Joubert syndrome (JS) is characterized by three primary findings: A distinctive cerebellar and brain stem malformation called the molar tooth sign (MTS). Hypotonia. Developmental delays. Often these findings are accompanied by episodic tachypnea or apnea and/or atypical eye movements. In general, the breathing abnormalities improve with age, truncal ataxia develops over time, and acquisition of gross motor milestones is delayed. Cognitive abilities are variable, ranging from severe intellectual disability to normal. Additional findings can include retinal dystrophy, renal disease, ocular colobomas, occipital encephalocele, hepatic fibrosis, polydactyly, oral hamartomas, and endocrine abnormalities. Both intra- and interfamilial variation are seen.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/340930">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_344640"><div><strong>Methylcobalamin deficiency type cblE</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>344640</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1856057</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Disorders of intracellular cobalamin metabolism have a variable phenotype and age of onset that are influenced by the severity and location within the pathway of the defect. The prototype and best understood phenotype is cblC; it is also the most common of these disorders. The age of initial presentation of cblC spans a wide range: In utero with fetal presentation of nonimmune hydrops, cardiomyopathy, and intrauterine growth restriction. Newborns, who can have microcephaly, poor feeding, and encephalopathy. Infants, who can have poor feeding and slow growth, neurologic abnormality, and, rarely, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Toddlers, who can have poor growth, progressive microcephaly, cytopenias (including megaloblastic anemia), global developmental delay, encephalopathy, and neurologic signs such as hypotonia and seizures. Adolescents and adults, who can have neuropsychiatric symptoms, progressive cognitive decline, thromboembolic complications, and/or subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/344640">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_343515"><div><strong>GOMBO syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>343515</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1856274</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/343515">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341899"><div><strong>NDE1-related microhydranencephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341899</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1857977</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Microhydranencephaly (MHAC) is a severe neurodevelopmental defect characterized by extreme microcephaly, profound motor and mental retardation, spasticity, and incomplete cerebral formation. Radiologic studies show gross dilation of the ventricles resulting from the absence of cerebral hemispheres or severe delay in their development, as well as hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, cerebellum, and brainstem (summary by Guven et al., 2012).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341899">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_395174"><div><strong>Infantile choroidocerebral calcification syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>395174</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1859092</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">This syndrome has characteristics of intellectual deficit, calcification of the choroid plexus and elevated levels of cerebrospinal fluid protein. It has been described in two sibships from two unrelated families. The seven children of one of the sibships were born to consanguineous parents. Some patients also had strabismus, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes and foot deformities.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/395174">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_350481"><div><strong>Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 10</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>350481</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1864669</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL; CLN) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigment storage material in different patterns ultrastructurally. The clinical course includes progressive dementia, seizures, and progressive visual failure (Mole et al., 2005). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, see CLN1 (256730).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/350481">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_409616"><div><strong>Severe neonatal-onset encephalopathy with microcephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>409616</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1968556</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The spectrum of MECP2-related phenotypes in females ranges from classic Rett syndrome to variant Rett syndrome with a broader clinical phenotype (either milder or more severe than classic Rett syndrome) to mild learning disabilities; the spectrum in males ranges from severe neonatal encephalopathy to pyramidal signs, parkinsonism, and macroorchidism (PPM-X) syndrome to severe syndromic/nonsyndromic intellectual disability. Females: Classic Rett syndrome, a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting girls, is characterized by apparently normal psychomotor development during the first six to 18 months of life, followed by a short period of developmental stagnation, then rapid regression in language and motor skills, followed by long-term stability. During the phase of rapid regression, repetitive, stereotypic hand movements replace purposeful hand use. Additional findings include fits of screaming and inconsolable crying, autistic features, panic-like attacks, bruxism, episodic apnea and/or hyperpnea, gait ataxia and apraxia, tremors, seizures, and acquired microcephaly. Males: Severe neonatal-onset encephalopathy, the most common phenotype in affected males, is characterized by a relentless clinical course that follows a metabolic-degenerative type of pattern, abnormal tone, involuntary movements, severe seizures, and breathing abnormalities. Death often occurs before age two years.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/409616">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_370910"><div><strong>Pitt-Hopkins syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>370910</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1970431</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS) is characterized by significant developmental delays with moderate-to-severe intellectual disability and behavioral differences, characteristic facial features, and episodic hyperventilation and/or breath-holding while awake. Speech is significantly delayed and most individuals are nonverbal with receptive language often stronger than expressive language. Other common findings are autism spectrum disorder symptoms, sleep disturbance, stereotypic hand movements, seizures, constipation, and severe myopia.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/370910">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_388687"><div><strong>Hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 5</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>388687</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2673630</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Any hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NKX2-5 gene.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/388687">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_394455"><div><strong>Christianson syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>394455</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2678194</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Christianson syndrome (referred to as CS in this GeneReview), an X-linked disorder, is characterized in males by cognitive dysfunction, behavioral disorder, and neurologic findings (e.g., seizures, ataxia, postnatal microcephaly, and eye movement abnormalities). Males with CS typically present with developmental delay, later meeting criteria for severe intellectual disability (ID). Behaviorally, autism spectrum disorder and hyperactivity are common, and may resemble the behaviors observed in Angelman syndrome. Hypotonia and oropharyngeal dysphagia in infancy may result in failure to thrive. Seizures, typically beginning before age three years, can include infantile spasms and tonic, tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures. Subsequently, regression (e.g., loss of ambulation and ability to feed independently) may occur. Manifestations in heterozygous females range from asymptomatic to mild ID and/or behavioral issues.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/394455">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_413170"><div><strong>Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, encephalomyopathic form with methylmalonic aciduria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>413170</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2749864</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">SUCLA2-related mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, encephalomyopathic form with methylmalonic aciduria (SUCLA2-related mtDNA depletion syndrome) is characterized by onset of the following features in infancy: developmental delay, hypotonia, dystonia, muscular atrophy, sensorineural hearing impairment, growth failure, and feeding difficulties. Other less frequent features include choreoathetosis, muscle weakness, recurrent vomiting, ptosis, and kyphoscoliosis. The median survival is age 20 years; approximately 30% of affected individuals succumb during childhood.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/413170">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_412914"><div><strong>Cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and dysequilibrium syndrome 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>412914</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2750234</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Cerebellar ataxia, impaired intellectual development, and dysequilibrium syndrome (CAMRQ) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by congenital cerebellar ataxia and intellectual disability (summary by Gulsuner et al., 2011). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CAMRQ, see CAMRQ1 (224050).</div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/412914">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_442869"><div><strong>Hereditary spastic paraplegia 50</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>442869</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2752008</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">AP-4-associated hereditary spastic paraplegia (AP-4-HSP) is a childhood-onset and complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia. Spastic paraparesis is a universal feature in affected individuals. Manifestations typically begin before age one year, with infants presenting with hypotonia, mild postnatal microcephaly, and delayed developmental milestones. Seizures are common in early childhood, often starting as prolonged febrile seizures. As the disease progresses, older children have intellectual disability that is usually moderate to severe; most affected individuals communicate nonverbally. Neurobehavioral/psychiatric manifestations (e.g., impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention) are common. Hypotonia transitions to progressive lower-extremity weakness and spasticity, accompanied by pyramidal signs such as plantar extension, ankle clonus, and hyperreflexia. Although some children achieve independent ambulation, most eventually lose this ability and rely on mobility aids or wheelchairs. In adolescence or early adulthood, spasticity may affect the upper extremities in some individuals but is generally less severe and not significantly disabling. Complications in some individuals include contractures, foot deformities, and bladder and bowel dysfunction. Dysphagia may emerge in advanced stages of the disease.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/442869">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_461100"><div><strong>Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, myopathic form</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>461100</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3149750</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">TK2-related mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance defect is a phenotypic continuum that ranges from severe to mild. To date, approximately 107 individuals with a molecularly confirmed diagnosis have been reported. Three main subtypes of presentation have been described: Infantile-onset myopathy with neurologic involvement and rapid progression to early death. Affected individuals experience progressive muscle weakness leading to respiratory failure. Some individuals develop dysarthria, dysphagia, and/or hearing loss. Cognitive function is typically spared. Juvenile/childhood onset with generalized proximal weakness and survival to at least 13 years. Late-/adult-onset myopathy with facial and limb weakness and mtDNA deletions. Some affected individuals develop respiratory insufficiency, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, dysphagia, and dysarthria.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/461100">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_886881"><div><strong>Steinert myotonic dystrophy syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>886881</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3250443</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystem disorder that affects skeletal and smooth muscle as well as the eye, heart, endocrine system, and central nervous system. The clinical findings, which span a continuum from mild to severe, have been categorized into three somewhat overlapping phenotypes: mild, classic, and congenital. Mild DM1 is characterized by cataract and mild myotonia (sustained muscle contraction); life span is normal. Classic DM1 is characterized by muscle weakness and wasting, myotonia, cataract, and often cardiac conduction abnormalities; adults may become physically disabled and may have a shortened life span. Congenital DM1 is characterized by hypotonia and severe generalized weakness at birth, often with respiratory insufficiency and early death; intellectual disability is common.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/886881">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1639277"><div><strong>Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1639277</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4551773</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Zimmermann-Laband syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by gingival fibromatosis, dysplastic or absent nails, hypoplasia of the distal phalanges, scoliosis, hepatosplenomegaly, hirsutism, and abnormalities of the cartilage of the nose and/or ears (summary by Balasubramanian and Parker, 2010). Genetic Heterogeneity of Zimmermann-Laband Syndrome ZLS2 (616455) is caused by mutation in the ATP6V1B2 gene (606939) on chromosome 8p21. ZLS3 (618658) is caused by mutation in the KCNN3 gene (602983) on chromosome 1q21.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1639277">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1648474"><div><strong>Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 1A (Zellweger)</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1648474</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4721541</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Zellweger spectrum disorder (ZSD) is a phenotypic continuum ranging from severe to mild. While individual phenotypes (e.g., Zellweger syndrome [ZS], neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy [NALD], and infantile Refsum disease [IRD]) were described in the past before the biochemical and molecular bases of this spectrum were fully determined, the term "ZSD" is now used to refer to all individuals with a defect in one of the ZSD-PEX genes regardless of phenotype. Individuals with ZSD usually come to clinical attention in the newborn period or later in childhood. Affected newborns are hypotonic and feed poorly. They have distinctive facies, congenital malformations (neuronal migration defects associated with neonatal-onset seizures, renal cysts, and bony stippling [chondrodysplasia punctata] of the patella[e] and the long bones), and liver disease that can be severe. Infants with severe ZSD are significantly impaired and typically die during the first year of life, usually having made no developmental progress. Individuals with intermediate/milder ZSD do not have congenital malformations, but rather progressive peroxisome dysfunction variably manifest as sensory loss (secondary to retinal dystrophy and sensorineural hearing loss), neurologic involvement (ataxia, polyneuropathy, and leukodystrophy), liver dysfunction, adrenal insufficiency, and renal oxalate stones. While hypotonia and developmental delays are typical, intellect can be normal. Some have osteopenia; almost all have ameleogenesis imperfecta in the secondary teeth.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1648474">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1676827"><div><strong>Intellectual disability-hypotonic facies syndrome, X-linked, 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1676827</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4759781</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Alpha-thalassemia X-linked intellectual disability (ATR-X) syndrome is characterized by distinctive craniofacial features, genital anomalies, hypotonia, and mild-to-profound developmental delay / intellectual disability (DD/ID). Craniofacial abnormalities include small head circumference, telecanthus or widely spaced eyes, short triangular nose, tented upper lip, and thick or everted lower lip with coarsening of the facial features over time. While all affected individuals have a normal 46,XY karyotype, genital anomalies comprise a range from hypospadias and undescended testicles, to severe hypospadias and ambiguous genitalia, to normal-appearing female external genitalia. Alpha-thalassemia, observed in about 75% of affected individuals, is mild and typically does not require treatment. Osteosarcoma has been reported in a few males with germline pathogenic variants.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1676827">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1778114"><div><strong>Martsolf syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1778114</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5542298</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
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<div class="spaceAbove">RAB18 deficiency is the molecular deficit underlying both Warburg micro syndrome (characterized by eye, nervous system, and endocrine abnormalities) and Martsolf syndrome (characterized by similar – but milder – findings). To date Warburg micro syndrome comprises >96% of reported individuals with genetically defined RAB18 deficiency. The hallmark ophthalmologic findings are bilateral congenital cataracts, usually accompanied by microphthalmia, microcornea (diameter <10), and small atonic pupils. Poor vision despite early cataract surgery likely results from progressive optic atrophy and cortical visual impairment. Individuals with Warburg micro syndrome have severe to profound intellectual disability (ID); those with Martsolf syndrome have mild to moderate ID. Some individuals with RAB18 deficiency also have epilepsy. In Warburg micro syndrome, a progressive ascending spastic paraplegia typically begins with spastic diplegia and contractures during the first year, followed by upper-limb involvement leading to spastic quadriplegia after about age five years, often eventually causing breathing difficulties. In Martsolf syndrome infantile hypotonia is followed primarily by slowly progressive lower-limb spasticity. Hypogonadism – when present – manifests in both syndromes, in males as micropenis and/or cryptorchidism and in females as hypoplastic labia minora, clitoral hypoplasia, and small introitus.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1778114">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_988270"><div><strong>GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency with hyperphenylalaninemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>988270</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier assigned by MedGen (starting with CN) for terms that cannot be identified in NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">CN305333</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">GTP-cyclohydrolase I deficiency, an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, is one of the causes of malignant hyperphenylalaninemia due to tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency. Not only does tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency cause hyperphenylalaninemia, it is also responsible for defective neurotransmission of monoamines because of malfunctioning tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases, both tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent hydroxylases.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/988270">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_209234" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydrobiopterin synthase deficiency</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_376636" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency</a></div>
|
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_208645" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_167081" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alopecia - contractures - dwarfism - intellectual disability syndrome</a></div>
|
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_58144" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Angelman syndrome</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (36)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_75615" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Atrophia bulborum hereditaria</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_332113" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">CEDNIK syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_412914" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and dysequilibrium syndrome 2</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_394455" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Christianson syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_163217" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Corpus callosum agenesis-abnormal genitalia syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_381208" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Genitopatellar syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_343515" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">GOMBO syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_988270" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency with hyperphenylalaninemia</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_442869" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hereditary spastic paraplegia 50</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_388687" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 5</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_395174" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Infantile choroidocerebral calcification syndrome</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_324455" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability, keratoconus, febrile seizures, and sinoatrial block</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1676827" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability-hypotonic facies syndrome, X-linked, 1</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_78786" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Isolated thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiency</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_340930" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Joubert syndrome with oculorenal defect</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_208654" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Kapur-Toriello syndrome</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_96022" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1778114" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Martsolf syndrome 1</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_344640" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Methylcobalamin deficiency type cblE</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_413170" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, encephalomyopathic form with methylmalonic aciduria</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_461100" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, myopathic form</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341899" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">NDE1-related microhydranencephaly</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_350481" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 10</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1648474" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 1A (Zellweger)</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_163204" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Peters plus syndrome</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_370910" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pitt-Hopkins syndrome</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_409616" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Severe neonatal-onset encephalopathy with microcephaly</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_266247" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sponastrime dysplasia</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_335350" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Bieganski type</a></div>
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||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_886881" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Steinert myotonic dystrophy syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1639277" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 1</a></div></span></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37440251">Management of Down Syndrome-Associated Leukemias: A Review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Verma A,
|
||
Lupo PJ,
|
||
Shah NN,
|
||
Hitzler J,
|
||
Rabin KR</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Oncol</span>
|
||
2023 Sep 1;9(9):1283-1290.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2163.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37440251" target="_blank">37440251</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31333129">Prader-Willi Syndrome - Clinical Genetics, Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches: An Update.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Butler MG,
|
||
Miller JL,
|
||
Forster JL</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Pediatr Rev</span>
|
||
2019;15(4):207-244.
|
||
doi: 10.2174/1573396315666190716120925.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31333129" target="_blank">31333129</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7040524" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25115486">X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: pathogenesis and treatment.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Engelen M,
|
||
Kemp S,
|
||
Poll-The BT</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep</span>
|
||
2014 Oct;14(10):486.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11910-014-0486-0.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25115486" target="_blank">25115486</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (176)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32049764">Down syndrome and dementia: advances in the field.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McGlinchey E,
|
||
McCallion P,
|
||
McCarron M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Psychiatry</span>
|
||
2020 May;33(3):278-283.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000589.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32049764" target="_blank">32049764</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26234761">The natural history and prognosis of epilepsy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Beghi E,
|
||
Giussani G,
|
||
Sander JW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epileptic Disord</span>
|
||
2015 Sep;17(3):243-53.
|
||
doi: 10.1684/epd.2015.0751.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26234761" target="_blank">26234761</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24580733">Myhre syndrome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Le Goff C,
|
||
Michot C,
|
||
Cormier-Daire V</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Genet</span>
|
||
2014 Jun;85(6):503-13.
|
||
Epub 2014 Apr 2
|
||
doi: 10.1111/cge.12365.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24580733" target="_blank">24580733</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20580203">Antipsychotic drug side effects for persons with intellectual disability.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Matson JL,
|
||
Mahan S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Res Dev Disabil</span>
|
||
2010 Nov-Dec;31(6):1570-6.
|
||
Epub 2010 Jun 26
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.05.005.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20580203" target="_blank">20580203</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11073227">Northern epilepsy, a new member of the NCL family.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ranta S,
|
||
Lehesjoki AE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurol Sci</span>
|
||
2000;21(3 Suppl):S43-7.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s100720070039.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11073227" target="_blank">11073227</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1582)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34930158">Intellectual disability genomics: current state, pitfalls and future challenges.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maia N,
|
||
Nabais Sá MJ,
|
||
Melo-Pires M,
|
||
de Brouwer APM,
|
||
Jorge P</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Genomics</span>
|
||
2021 Dec 20;22(1):909.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-08227-4.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34930158" target="_blank">34930158</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8686650" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28554332">Genomic diagnosis for children with intellectual disability and/or developmental delay.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bowling KM,
|
||
Thompson ML,
|
||
Amaral MD,
|
||
Finnila CR,
|
||
Hiatt SM,
|
||
Engel KL,
|
||
Cochran JN,
|
||
Brothers KB,
|
||
East KM,
|
||
Gray DE,
|
||
Kelley WV,
|
||
Lamb NE,
|
||
Lose EJ,
|
||
Rich CA,
|
||
Simmons S,
|
||
Whittle JS,
|
||
Weaver BT,
|
||
Nesmith AS,
|
||
Myers RM,
|
||
Barsh GS,
|
||
Bebin EM,
|
||
Cooper GM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Genome Med</span>
|
||
2017 May 30;9(1):43.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s13073-017-0433-1.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28554332" target="_blank">28554332</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5448144" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28493141">Therapeutic strategies in adrenoleukodystrophy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Turk BR,
|
||
Moser AB,
|
||
Fatemi A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Wien Med Wochenschr</span>
|
||
2017 Jun;167(9-10):219-226.
|
||
Epub 2017 May 10
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s10354-016-0534-2.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28493141" target="_blank">28493141</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28009725">Cognitive decline and dementia in Down syndrome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hithersay R,
|
||
Hamburg S,
|
||
Knight B,
|
||
Strydom A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Psychiatry</span>
|
||
2017 Mar;30(2):102-107.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000307.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28009725" target="_blank">28009725</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9350396">Hereditary epilepsy syndromes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Callenbach PM,
|
||
Brouwer OF</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Neurol Neurosurg</span>
|
||
1997 Aug;99(3):159-71.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/s0303-8467(97)00019-x.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9350396" target="_blank">9350396</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2003)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38034003">X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy and primary adrenal insufficiency.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cappa M,
|
||
Todisco T,
|
||
Bizzarri C</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</span>
|
||
2023;14:1309053.
|
||
Epub 2023 Nov 16
|
||
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1309053.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38034003" target="_blank">38034003</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10687143" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37440251">Management of Down Syndrome-Associated Leukemias: A Review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Verma A,
|
||
Lupo PJ,
|
||
Shah NN,
|
||
Hitzler J,
|
||
Rabin KR</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Oncol</span>
|
||
2023 Sep 1;9(9):1283-1290.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2163.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37440251" target="_blank">37440251</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32364223">The Changing Face of Adrenoleukodystrophy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhu J,
|
||
Eichler F,
|
||
Biffi A,
|
||
Duncan CN,
|
||
Williams DA,
|
||
Majzoub JA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Endocr Rev</span>
|
||
2020 Aug 1;41(4):577-93.
|
||
doi: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa013.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32364223" target="_blank">32364223</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7286618" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32057594">PCDH19-Related Epilepsy Syndrome: A Comprehensive Clinical Review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Samanta D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Neurol</span>
|
||
2020 Apr;105:3-9.
|
||
Epub 2019 Nov 30
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.10.009.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32057594" target="_blank">32057594</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26234761">The natural history and prognosis of epilepsy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Beghi E,
|
||
Giussani G,
|
||
Sander JW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epileptic Disord</span>
|
||
2015 Sep;17(3):243-53.
|
||
doi: 10.1684/epd.2015.0751.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26234761" target="_blank">26234761</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (641)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30411329">Treatment of alopecia areata: An Australian expert consensus statement.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cranwell WC,
|
||
Lai VW,
|
||
Photiou L,
|
||
Meah N,
|
||
Wall D,
|
||
Rathnayake D,
|
||
Joseph S,
|
||
Chitreddy V,
|
||
Gunatheesan S,
|
||
Sindhu K,
|
||
Sharma P,
|
||
Green J,
|
||
Eisman S,
|
||
Yip L,
|
||
Jones L,
|
||
Sinclair R</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Australas J Dermatol</span>
|
||
2019 May;60(2):163-170.
|
||
Epub 2018 Nov 8
|
||
doi: 10.1111/ajd.12941.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30411329" target="_blank">30411329</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28420439">Fragile X syndrome: a review of clinical and molecular diagnoses.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ciaccio C,
|
||
Fontana L,
|
||
Milani D,
|
||
Tabano S,
|
||
Miozzo M,
|
||
Esposito S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ital J Pediatr</span>
|
||
2017 Apr 19;43(1):39.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s13052-017-0355-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28420439" target="_blank">28420439</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5395755" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27312864">Adrenoleukodystrophy - neuroendocrine pathogenesis and redefinition of natural history.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kemp S,
|
||
Huffnagel IC,
|
||
Linthorst GE,
|
||
Wanders RJ,
|
||
Engelen M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Endocrinol</span>
|
||
2016 Oct;12(10):606-15.
|
||
Epub 2016 Jun 17
|
||
doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2016.90.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27312864" target="_blank">27312864</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26541535">Obstructive sleep disordered breathing in 2- to 18-year-old children: diagnosis and management.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kaditis AG,
|
||
Alonso Alvarez ML,
|
||
Boudewyns A,
|
||
Alexopoulos EI,
|
||
Ersu R,
|
||
Joosten K,
|
||
Larramona H,
|
||
Miano S,
|
||
Narang I,
|
||
Trang H,
|
||
Tsaoussoglou M,
|
||
Vandenbussche N,
|
||
Villa MP,
|
||
Van Waardenburg D,
|
||
Weber S,
|
||
Verhulst S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir J</span>
|
||
2016 Jan;47(1):69-94.
|
||
Epub 2015 Nov 5
|
||
doi: 10.1183/13993003.00385-2015.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26541535" target="_blank">26541535</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26234761">The natural history and prognosis of epilepsy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Beghi E,
|
||
Giussani G,
|
||
Sander JW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epileptic Disord</span>
|
||
2015 Sep;17(3):243-53.
|
||
doi: 10.1684/epd.2015.0751.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26234761" target="_blank">26234761</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1063)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39384967">Sex-specific single cell-level transcriptomic signatures of Rett syndrome disease progression.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharifi O,
|
||
Haghani V,
|
||
Neier KE,
|
||
Fraga KJ,
|
||
Korf I,
|
||
Hakam SM,
|
||
Quon G,
|
||
Johansen N,
|
||
Yasui DH,
|
||
LaSalle JM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Commun Biol</span>
|
||
2024 Oct 10;7(1):1292.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-06990-0.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39384967" target="_blank">39384967</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11464704" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34469245">Lung disease manifestations in Down syndrome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Danopoulos S,
|
||
Deutsch GH,
|
||
Dumortier C,
|
||
Mariani TJ,
|
||
Al Alam D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol</span>
|
||
2021 Nov 1;321(5):L892-L899.
|
||
Epub 2021 Sep 1
|
||
doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00434.2020.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34469245" target="_blank">34469245</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8616621" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26541535">Obstructive sleep disordered breathing in 2- to 18-year-old children: diagnosis and management.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kaditis AG,
|
||
Alonso Alvarez ML,
|
||
Boudewyns A,
|
||
Alexopoulos EI,
|
||
Ersu R,
|
||
Joosten K,
|
||
Larramona H,
|
||
Miano S,
|
||
Narang I,
|
||
Trang H,
|
||
Tsaoussoglou M,
|
||
Vandenbussche N,
|
||
Villa MP,
|
||
Van Waardenburg D,
|
||
Weber S,
|
||
Verhulst S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir J</span>
|
||
2016 Jan;47(1):69-94.
|
||
Epub 2015 Nov 5
|
||
doi: 10.1183/13993003.00385-2015.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26541535" target="_blank">26541535</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26234761">The natural history and prognosis of epilepsy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Beghi E,
|
||
Giussani G,
|
||
Sander JW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Epileptic Disord</span>
|
||
2015 Sep;17(3):243-53.
|
||
doi: 10.1684/epd.2015.0751.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26234761" target="_blank">26234761</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23020879">Genetic basis of intellectual disability.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ellison JW,
|
||
Rosenfeld JA,
|
||
Shaffer LG</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Annu Rev Med</span>
|
||
2013;64:441-50.
|
||
Epub 2012 Sep 27
|
||
doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-042711-140053.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23020879" target="_blank">23020879</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1248)</a></div></div>
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||
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|
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln">
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39056439">A Quantitative Systematic Literature Review of Combination Punishment Literature: Progress Over the Last Decade.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ayvaci AS,
|
||
Cox AD,
|
||
Dimopoulos A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Behav Modif</span>
|
||
2025 Jan;49(1):117-153.
|
||
Epub 2024 Jul 26
|
||
doi: 10.1177/01454455241262414.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39056439" target="_blank">39056439</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11571620" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35238171">Global prevalence of autism: A systematic review update.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zeidan J,
|
||
Fombonne E,
|
||
Scorah J,
|
||
Ibrahim A,
|
||
Durkin MS,
|
||
Saxena S,
|
||
Yusuf A,
|
||
Shih A,
|
||
Elsabbagh M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Autism Res</span>
|
||
2022 May;15(5):778-790.
|
||
Epub 2022 Mar 3
|
||
doi: 10.1002/aur.2696.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35238171" target="_blank">35238171</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9310578" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28755534">Treadmill interventions in children under six years of age at risk of neuromotor delay.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Valentín-Gudiol M,
|
||
Mattern-Baxter K,
|
||
Girabent-Farrés M,
|
||
Bagur-Calafat C,
|
||
Hadders-Algra M,
|
||
Angulo-Barroso RM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
|
||
2017 Jul 29;7(7):CD009242.
|
||
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009242.pub3.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28755534" target="_blank">28755534</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6483121" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25038123">Epilepsy in children with Menkes disease: a systematic review of literature.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Verrotti A,
|
||
Carelli A,
|
||
Coppola G</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Child Neurol</span>
|
||
2014 Dec;29(12):1757-64.
|
||
Epub 2014 Jul 17
|
||
doi: 10.1177/0883073814541469.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25038123" target="_blank">25038123</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24129166">Gene therapy as a new treatment option for inherited monogenic diseases.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boudes PF</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Intern Med</span>
|
||
2014 Jan;25(1):31-6.
|
||
Epub 2013 Oct 12
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2013.09.009.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24129166" target="_blank">24129166</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (41)</a></div></div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1846149%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (1)</a></li>
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<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1846149%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (1)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20progressive%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C1846149[DISCUI]" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR</a>
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</div>
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
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||
<nav class="bottom-links">
|
||
<ul class="mt-3">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
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<a class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
|
||
</li>
|
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</ul>
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||
</nav>
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</div>
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</section>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentOmnitureBaseJS/InstrumentNCBIConfigJS/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js?v=1"> </script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/static/js/hfjs2.js"> </script>
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