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<meta name="keywords" content="C1832834, absence of acoustic middle ear muscle reflexes, absence of acoustic reflex, absent middle ear reflexes, absent stapedius reflexes, finding, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Absence of the acoustic reflex, an involuntary contraction of the stapedius muscle that occurs in response to high-intensity sound stimuli." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Absence of acoustic reflex (Concept Id: C1832834)
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<!--
UID=322049
ConceptID=C1832834
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Absence of acoustic reflex</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>322049</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1832834</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Absence of acoustic middle ear muscle reflexes; Absent middle ear reflexes; Absent stapedius reflexes</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0008529">HP:0008529</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Absence of the acoustic reflex, an involuntary contraction of the stapedius muscle that occurs in response to high-intensity sound stimuli. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Absence of acoustic reflex</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/75618" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ear malformation">Ear malformation</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1640667" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal ear morphology">Abnormal ear morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/348799" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the middle ear">Abnormality of the middle ear</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867469" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Functional abnormality of the middle ear">Functional abnormality of the middle ear</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/410175" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal middle ear reflexes">Abnormal middle ear reflexes</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868035" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the acoustic reflex">Abnormality of the acoustic reflex</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Absence of acoustic reflex</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_331376"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 9</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>331376</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1832828</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">OTOF-related deafness is characterized by two phenotypes: prelingual nonsyndromic auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) and, less frequently, temperature-sensitive auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (TS-ANSD). OTOF-related ANSD is characterized by congenital or prelingual, typically severe-to-profound bilateral deafness without inner-ear anomalies on MRI or CT examination of the temporal bones. Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are present and auditory brain stem response is abnormal at birth. Newborn hearing screening testing of OAEs only will fail to detect this disorder in most individuals. OAEs may decrease or disappear with age in 20%-80% of individuals. TS-ANSD typically presents with normal-to-moderate hearing loss (0-55 dB) at baseline body temperature. An elevation of body temperature (approximately 0.5°C or more) triggers significant bilateral hearing loss ranging from severe to profound, with resolution of hearing loss typically occurring within hours of a return to baseline body temperature.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/331376">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_322984"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>322984</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836743</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Auditory neuropathy is a type of hearing loss defined by the preservation of cochlear outer hair cell function and abnormal or absent auditory brainstem responses. Auditory neuropathy may accompany peripheral neuropathy in a variety of dominant syndromes such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (Satya-Murti et al., 1979) and has been observed in Friedreich ataxia (Satya-Murti et al., 1980). Auditory neuropathy unassociated with peripheral neuropathy most commonly occurs as a sporadic or recessive trait; see, for example, 601071.&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Autosomal Dominant Auditory Neuropathy&#13; See also AUNA2 (620384), caused by mutation in the ATP11A gene (605868) on chromosome 13q34, and AUNA3 (619832), caused by mutation in the TMEM43 gene (612048) on chromosome 3p25.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/322984">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1812715"><div><strong>Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1812715</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5676912</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency-54 (COXPD54) is an autosomal recessive disorder with pleiotropic multisystem presentations resulting from a disruption in mitochondrial transcription and translation. The phenotype is highly variable. Many patients have early-onset sensorineural hearing loss, sometimes in isolation, and sometimes associated with global developmental delay or primary ovarian failure. Other features may include peripheral hypertonia, seizures, muscle weakness, behavioral abnormalities, and leukoencephalopathy on brain imaging. Serum lactate may or may not be elevated (summary by Hochberg et al., 2021).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency, see COXPD1 (609060).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1812715">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1846918"><div><strong>Otosclerosis 11</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1846918</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5882715</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Otosclerosis-11 (OTSC11) is characterized by onset of progressive hearing loss in the second to third decade of life. Deafness ranges from moderate to severe, and may be conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Hearing may improve with stapedectomy, but profound sensorineural deafness may require a cochlear implant (Abdelfatah et al., 2022).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of otosclerosis, see OTSC1 (166800).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1846918">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_322984" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy 1</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_331376" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 9</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1812715" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1846918" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Otosclerosis 11</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30822633">Residual inhibition: From the putative mechanisms to potential tinnitus treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Galazyuk AV,
Longenecker RJ,
Voytenko SV,
Kristaponyte I,
Nelson GL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hear Res</span>
2019 Apr;375:1-13.
Epub 2019 Feb 1
doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.01.022.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30822633" target="_blank">30822633</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16359737">The effect of treatment with vincristine on transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Riga M,
Psarommatis I,
Korres S,
Lyra Ch,
Papadeas E,
Varvutsi M,
Ferekidis E,
Apostolopoulos N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol</span>
2006 Jun;70(6):1003-8.
Epub 2005 Dec 15
doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2005.10.011.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16359737" target="_blank">16359737</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3434266">Stapedius reflex in the monitoring of NaF treatment of subclinical otosclerosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Colletti V,
Fiorino FG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Otolaryngol</span>
1987 Nov-Dec;104(5-6):447-53.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3434266" target="_blank">3434266</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(absence%20of%20acoustic%20reflex)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (3)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32327193">Animal Models of Tinnitus: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Galazyuk A,
Brozoski TJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otolaryngol Clin North Am</span>
2020 Aug;53(4):469-480.
Epub 2020 Apr 21
doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2020.03.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32327193" target="_blank">32327193</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7329603" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30822633">Residual inhibition: From the putative mechanisms to potential tinnitus treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Galazyuk AV,
Longenecker RJ,
Voytenko SV,
Kristaponyte I,
Nelson GL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hear Res</span>
2019 Apr;375:1-13.
Epub 2019 Feb 1
doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.01.022.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30822633" target="_blank">30822633</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26626134">Acoustic Reflex Screening of Conductive Hearing Loss for Third Window Disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hong RS,
Metz CM,
Bojrab DI,
Babu SC,
Zappia J,
Sargent EW,
Chan EY,
Naumann IC,
LaRouere MJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</span>
2016 Feb;154(2):343-8.
Epub 2015 Dec 1
doi: 10.1177/0194599815620162.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26626134" target="_blank">26626134</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12972945">Familial auditory neuropathy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang Q,
Gu R,
Han D,
Yang W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Laryngoscope</span>
2003 Sep;113(9):1623-9.
doi: 10.1097/00005537-200309000-00041.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12972945" target="_blank">12972945</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3322245">Early development of the acoustic reflex.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vincent VL,
Gerber SE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Audiology</span>
1987;26(6):356-62.
doi: 10.3109/00206098709081563.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3322245" target="_blank">3322245</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Absence%20of%20acoustic%20reflex%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (76)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33389676">Auditory attentional filter in the absence of masking noise.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Anandan ES,
Husain R,
Seluakumaran K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Atten Percept Psychophys</span>
2021 May;83(4):1737-1751.
Epub 2021 Jan 3
doi: 10.3758/s13414-020-02210-z.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33389676" target="_blank">33389676</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28923429">Frequency of auditory involvement and of associated factors in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Céspedes Cruz AI,
Méndez Núñez M,
Solís Vallejo E,
Zeferino Cruz M,
Torres Jiménez AR,
Ocampo Sánchez V,
Flores Meza B,
Quintana Ruiz N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)</span>
2019 May-Jun;15(3):152-155.
Epub 2017 Oct 12
doi: 10.1016/j.reuma.2017.07.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28923429" target="_blank">28923429</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26626134">Acoustic Reflex Screening of Conductive Hearing Loss for Third Window Disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hong RS,
Metz CM,
Bojrab DI,
Babu SC,
Zappia J,
Sargent EW,
Chan EY,
Naumann IC,
LaRouere MJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</span>
2016 Feb;154(2):343-8.
Epub 2015 Dec 1
doi: 10.1177/0194599815620162.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26626134" target="_blank">26626134</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12972945">Familial auditory neuropathy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang Q,
Gu R,
Han D,
Yang W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Laryngoscope</span>
2003 Sep;113(9):1623-9.
doi: 10.1097/00005537-200309000-00041.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12972945" target="_blank">12972945</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/6389238">Adaptation of the acoustic reflex.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fowler CG,
Wilson RH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ear Hear</span>
1984 Sep-Oct;5(5):281-8.
doi: 10.1097/00003446-198409000-00004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/6389238" target="_blank">6389238</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Absence%20of%20acoustic%20reflex%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (92)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37672475">Audiological findings of family farmers exposed to pesticides.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lobato DCB,
Alcarás PAS,
França DMVR,
Gonçalves CGO,
Fuente A,
Lacerda ABM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Codas</span>
2023;35(4):e20220108.
Epub 2023 Sep 1
doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20232022108pt.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37672475" target="_blank">37672475</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10546921" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33663902">Effects of methylphenidate on sensory and sensorimotor gating of initially psychostimulant-naïve adult ADHD patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sommer JL,
Low AM,
Jepsen JRM,
Fagerlund B,
Vangkilde S,
Habekost T,
Glenthøj B,
Oranje B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</span>
2021 May;46:83-92.
Epub 2021 Mar 1
doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.02.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33663902" target="_blank">33663902</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32327193">Animal Models of Tinnitus: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Galazyuk A,
Brozoski TJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otolaryngol Clin North Am</span>
2020 Aug;53(4):469-480.
Epub 2020 Apr 21
doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2020.03.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32327193" target="_blank">32327193</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7329603" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30430984">Effect of Intensity Level and Speech Stimulus Type on the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Easterday M,
Plyler PN,
Lewis JD,
Doettl SM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Audiol</span>
2019 Oct;30(9):792-801.
Epub 2018 Nov 15
doi: 10.3766/jaaa.18016.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30430984" target="_blank">30430984</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28923429">Frequency of auditory involvement and of associated factors in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Céspedes Cruz AI,
Méndez Núñez M,
Solís Vallejo E,
Zeferino Cruz M,
Torres Jiménez AR,
Ocampo Sánchez V,
Flores Meza B,
Quintana Ruiz N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)</span>
2019 May-Jun;15(3):152-155.
Epub 2017 Oct 12
doi: 10.1016/j.reuma.2017.07.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28923429" target="_blank">28923429</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Absence%20of%20acoustic%20reflex%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (38)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36502543">Binaural temporal coding and the middle ear muscle reflex in audiometrically normal young adults.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shehabi AM,
Prendergast G,
Guest H,
Plack CJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hear Res</span>
2023 Jan;427:108663.
Epub 2022 Nov 30
doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108663.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36502543" target="_blank">36502543</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26626134">Acoustic Reflex Screening of Conductive Hearing Loss for Third Window Disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hong RS,
Metz CM,
Bojrab DI,
Babu SC,
Zappia J,
Sargent EW,
Chan EY,
Naumann IC,
LaRouere MJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</span>
2016 Feb;154(2):343-8.
Epub 2015 Dec 1
doi: 10.1177/0194599815620162.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26626134" target="_blank">26626134</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23395562">Linking components of event-related potentials and autonomic measures of the orienting reflex.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Barry RJ,
MacDonald B,
De Blasio FM,
Steiner GZ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Psychophysiol</span>
2013 Sep;89(3):366-73.
Epub 2013 Feb 5
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.01.016.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23395562" target="_blank">23395562</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/14639667">Diagnostic potential of acoustic startle reflex, acoustic blink reflex, and electro-oculography in progressive supranuclear palsy: a prospective study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gironell A,
Kulisevsky J,
Roig C,
Pascual-Sedano B,
Rodríguez-Fornells A,
Otermin P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mov Disord</span>
2003 Nov;18(11):1273-9.
doi: 10.1002/mds.10529.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/14639667" target="_blank">14639667</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/6389238">Adaptation of the acoustic reflex.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fowler CG,
Wilson RH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ear Hear</span>
1984 Sep-Oct;5(5):281-8.
doi: 10.1097/00003446-198409000-00004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/6389238" target="_blank">6389238</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Absence%20of%20acoustic%20reflex%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (36)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37672475">Audiological findings of family farmers exposed to pesticides.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lobato DCB,
Alcarás PAS,
França DMVR,
Gonçalves CGO,
Fuente A,
Lacerda ABM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Codas</span>
2023;35(4):e20220108.
Epub 2023 Sep 1
doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20232022108pt.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37672475" target="_blank">37672475</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10546921" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30822633">Residual inhibition: From the putative mechanisms to potential tinnitus treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Galazyuk AV,
Longenecker RJ,
Voytenko SV,
Kristaponyte I,
Nelson GL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hear Res</span>
2019 Apr;375:1-13.
Epub 2019 Feb 1
doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.01.022.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30822633" target="_blank">30822633</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26626134">Acoustic Reflex Screening of Conductive Hearing Loss for Third Window Disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hong RS,
Metz CM,
Bojrab DI,
Babu SC,
Zappia J,
Sargent EW,
Chan EY,
Naumann IC,
LaRouere MJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</span>
2016 Feb;154(2):343-8.
Epub 2015 Dec 1
doi: 10.1177/0194599815620162.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26626134" target="_blank">26626134</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12972945">Familial auditory neuropathy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang Q,
Gu R,
Han D,
Yang W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Laryngoscope</span>
2003 Sep;113(9):1623-9.
doi: 10.1097/00005537-200309000-00041.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12972945" target="_blank">12972945</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3322245">Early development of the acoustic reflex.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vincent VL,
Gerber SE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Audiology</span>
1987;26(6):356-62.
doi: 10.3109/00206098709081563.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3322245" target="_blank">3322245</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Absence%20of%20acoustic%20reflex%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (73)</a></div></div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Absence%20of%20acoustic%20reflex" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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