1150 lines
No EOL
134 KiB
XML
1150 lines
No EOL
134 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
||
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
|
||
<head xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
||
<!-- meta -->
|
||
<meta name="keywords" content="C0002395, ad, ad - alzheimer's disease, alzheimer dementia, alzheimer dementias, alzheimer disease, alzheimer diseases, alzheimer sclerosis, alzheimer syndrome, alzheimer type dementia, alzheimer type dementia (atd), alzheimer type senile dementia, alzheimer's dementia, alzheimer's disease, alzheimer's diseases, alzheimer-type dementia (atd), alzheimers dementia, alzheimers disease, alzheimers diseases, app, dementia, alzheimer, dementia, alzheimer type, dementia, alzheimer-type (atd), dementia, primary senile degenerative, dementia, senile, disease or syndrome, late-onset form of familial alzheimer disease, non rare in europe: alzheimer disease, presenile and senile dementia, primary senile degenerative dementia, sclerosis, alzheimer, senile dementia, senile dementia, alzheimer type, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the brain that causes dementia, which is a gradual loss of memory, judgment, and ability to function. This disorder usually appears in people older than age 65, but less common forms of the disease appear earlier in adulthood.\n\nMemory loss is the most common sign of Alzheimer's disease. Forgetfulness may be subtle at first, but the loss of memory worsens over time until it interferes with most aspects of daily living. Even in familiar settings, a person with Alzheimer's disease may get lost or become confused. Routine tasks such as preparing meals, doing laundry, and performing other household chores can be challenging. Additionally, it may become difficult to recognize people and name objects. Affected people increasingly require help with dressing, eating, and personal care.\n\nAs the disorder progresses, some people with Alzheimer's disease experience personality and behavioral changes and have trouble interacting in a socially appropriate manner. Other common symptoms include agitation, restlessness, withdrawal, and loss of language skills. People with Alzheimer's disease usually require total care during the advanced stages of the disease.\n\nIndividuals with Alzheimer's disease usually survive 8 to 10 years after the appearance of symptoms, but the course of the disease can range from 1 to 25 years. Survival is usually shorter in individuals diagnosed after age 80 than in those diagnosed at a younger age. In Alzheimer's disease, death usually results from pneumonia, malnutrition, or general body wasting (inanition).\n\nAlzheimer's disease can be classified as early-onset or late-onset. The signs and symptoms of the early-onset form appear between a person's thirties and mid-sixties, while the late-onset form appears during or after a person's mid-sixties. The early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease is much less common than the late-onset form, accounting for less than 10 percent of all cases of Alzheimer's disease." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
|
||
<meta name="ncbi_app" content="entrez" /><meta name="ncbi_db" content="medgen" /><meta name="ncbi_report" content="fullreport" /><meta name="ncbi_format" content="html" /><meta name="ncbi_pagesize" content="20" /><meta name="ncbi_sortorder" content="default" /><meta name="ncbi_pageno" content="1" /><meta name="ncbi_resultcount" content="1" /><meta name="ncbi_op" content="retrieve" /><meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="fullreport" /><meta name="ncbi_sessionid" content="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID" /><meta name="ncbi_uidlist" content="1853" /><meta name="ncbi_filter" content="clinical" /><meta name="ncbi_stat" content="false" /><meta name="ncbi_hitstat" content="false" />
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- title -->
|
||
<title>Alzheimer disease (Concept Id: C0002395)
|
||
- MedGen - NCBI</title>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Common JS and CSS -->
|
||
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
||
var ncbi_startTime = new Date();
|
||
</script>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://static.pubmed.gov/core/jig/1.15.10/js/jig.min.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<link xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4218191/css/4207974/4206132.css" xml:base="http://127.0.0.1/sites/static/header_footer/" />
|
||
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico" /><meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8B69EE7D2EC4310000000000710053.m_32" /><script type="text/javascript"><!--
|
||
var ScriptPath = '/portal/';
|
||
var objHierarchy = {"name":"EntrezSystem2","type":"Layout","realname":"EntrezSystem2",
|
||
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez",
|
||
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.DbConnector","shortname":"DbConnector"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.ParamContainer","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.ParamContainer","shortname":"ParamContainer"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MyNcbi","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.MyNcbi","shortname":"MyNcbi"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.UserPreferenceUrlParamContainer","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.UserPreferenceUrlParamContainer","shortname":"UserPreferenceUrlParamContainer"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.GridProperty","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.GridProperty","shortname":"GridProperty"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen",
|
||
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NoPortlet","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NoPortlet","shortname":"NoPortlet"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_PageController","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_PageController","shortname":"MedGen_PageController"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_SearchBar","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_SearchBar","shortname":"MedGen_SearchBar"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_BotRequest","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_BotRequest","shortname":"MedGen_BotRequest"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_LimitsTab","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_LimitsTab","shortname":"MedGen_LimitsTab"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Facets","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.Entrez_Facets","shortname":"Entrez_Facets"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Clipboard","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.Entrez_Clipboard","shortname":"Entrez_Clipboard"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_StaticParts","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_StaticParts","shortname":"MedGen_StaticParts"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Messages","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.Entrez_Messages","shortname":"Entrez_Messages"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NcbiJSCheck","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NcbiJSCheck","shortname":"NcbiJSCheck"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic",
|
||
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.Footer_ExtraData","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.Footer_ExtraData","shortname":"Footer_ExtraData"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic",
|
||
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIBreadcrumbs","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIBreadcrumbs","shortname":"NCBIBreadcrumbs"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIHelpDesk","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIHelpDesk","shortname":"NCBIHelpDesk"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIApplog_NoScript_Ping","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIApplog_NoScript_Ping","shortname":"NCBIApplog_NoScript_Ping"}]}]},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel",
|
||
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.blankToolPanel","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.blankToolPanel","shortname":"blankToolPanel"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController","shortname":"MedGen_ResultsController"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_FiltersPortlet","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_FiltersPortlet","shortname":"MedGen_FiltersPortlet"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_Pager","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.Entrez_Pager","shortname":"Entrez_Pager"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar","shortname":"MedGen_DisplayBar"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HelpFormAttributes","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.HelpFormAttributes","shortname":"HelpFormAttributes"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_Collections","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.Entrez_Collections","shortname":"Entrez_Collections"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.SpellCheck","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.SpellCheck","shortname":"SpellCheck"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.SearchEngineReferralCheck","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.SearchEngineReferralCheck","shortname":"SearchEngineReferralCheck"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.WrongDbSensor","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.WrongDbSensor","shortname":"WrongDbSensor"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.KnowledgePanel","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.KnowledgePanel","shortname":"KnowledgePanel"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay","shortname":"HistoryDisplay"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Discovery_SearchDetails","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.Discovery_SearchDetails","shortname":"Discovery_SearchDetails"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.mg_GeneSensor","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.mg_GeneSensor","shortname":"mg_GeneSensor"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ClinFeatureSearch","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ClinFeatureSearch","shortname":"MedGen_ClinFeatureSearch"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_RVFull","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_RVFull","shortname":"MedGen_RVFull"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster",
|
||
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks","shortname":"MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGen_SingleItemSupl","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGen_SingleItemSupl","shortname":"MedGen_SingleItemSupl"},
|
||
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews","shortname":"MedGenReviews"}]}]}]}]}]};
|
||
--></script>
|
||
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/css/3808861/3917732/3974050/3751656/3395415/4221762/14534/4062871/4186458/4075711/12930/4033350/4128070/3861632/4013176/4212357/4064428/4186491/9685/2279/3395586.css" /><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/css/3501913/1303451.css" media="print" /><script type="text/javascript">
|
||
|
||
var ObjectLinks=[{i:0, ename: "p$ExL", esid:"*", sname: "p$ExL", ssid:"*", dname:"p$el", dsid:"0",m:"CopyValue",p:[],f: function(src, dst) {fn_CopyValue(src, dst);}}]
|
||
|
||
|
||
var ActiveNames = {"p$ExL":1, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Cmd":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Db":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.IdsFromResult":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastDb":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastIdsFromResult":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastQueryKey":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastTabCmd":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkName":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkReadableName":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkSrcDb":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.QueryKey":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.TabCmd":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Term":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_PageController.PreviousPageName":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Cmd":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryOn":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Shutter":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Display":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.FFormat":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.FileFormat":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Format":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastFormat":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastPageSize":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastPresentation":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PageSize":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Presentation":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevPageSize":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevPresentation":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevSort":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendTo":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendToSubmit":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SetDisplay":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.sPresentation":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController.ResultCount":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController.RunLastQuery":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks.Shutter":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews.Shutter":0};
|
||
</script></head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<div class="grid">
|
||
<div class="col twelve_col nomargin shadow">
|
||
<form enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" name="EntrezForm" method="post" onsubmit="return false;" action="/medgen" id="EntrezForm">
|
||
<div xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||
<!-- no javascript message -->
|
||
<noscript>
|
||
<p class="nojs">
|
||
<strong>Warning:</strong>
|
||
The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function.
|
||
<a href="/guide/browsers/#enablejs" title="Learn how to enable JavaScript" target="_blank">more...</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</noscript>
|
||
|
||
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="universal_header" xml:base="http://127.0.0.1/sites/static/header_footer/">
|
||
<section class="usa-banner">
|
||
<div class="usa-accordion">
|
||
<header class="usa-banner-header">
|
||
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
|
||
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" />
|
||
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
|
||
<button class="non-usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-top" type="button">
|
||
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content" id="gov-banner-top" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
|
||
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" alt="Dot gov" />
|
||
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
||
<p>
|
||
<strong>The .gov means it's official.</strong>
|
||
<br />
|
||
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
|
||
sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal
|
||
government site.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
|
||
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg" alt="Https" />
|
||
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
||
<p>
|
||
<strong>The site is secure.</strong>
|
||
<br />
|
||
The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the
|
||
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
|
||
and transmitted securely.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
|
||
<header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-grid">
|
||
<div class="usa-width-one-whole">
|
||
|
||
<div class="ncbi-header__logo">
|
||
<a href="/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo">
|
||
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="ncbi-header__account">
|
||
<a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a>
|
||
<button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none" aria-controls="account_popup" type="button">
|
||
<span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20px" height="20px">
|
||
<g style="fill: #fff">
|
||
<ellipse cx="12" cy="8" rx="5" ry="6"></ellipse>
|
||
<path d="M21.8,19.1c-0.9-1.8-2.6-3.3-4.8-4.2c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.2-1.8,0.1c-1,0.6-2,0.9-3.2,0.9s-2.2-0.3-3.2-0.9 C8.3,14.8,7.6,14.7,7,15c-2.2,0.9-3.9,2.4-4.8,4.2C1.5,20.5,2.6,22,4.1,22h15.8C21.4,22,22.5,20.5,21.8,19.1z"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span>
|
||
<span class="sr-only">Show account info</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="ncbi-popup-anchor">
|
||
<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
|
||
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu" type="button">
|
||
<span class="fa fa-times">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48" width="24px" height="24px">
|
||
<path d="M38 12.83l-2.83-2.83-11.17 11.17-11.17-11.17-2.83 2.83 11.17 11.17-11.17 11.17 2.83 2.83 11.17-11.17 11.17 11.17 2.83-2.83-11.17-11.17z"></path>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
|
||
<h4>Account</h4>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="account-user-info">
|
||
Logged in as:<br />
|
||
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="account-links">
|
||
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
|
||
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<section data-section="Alerts">
|
||
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="header">
|
||
<!-- logo -->
|
||
<div class="res_logo" id="gene-top">
|
||
<h1 class="res_name"><a href="/medgen">MedGen</a></h1>
|
||
<h2 class="res_tagline">National Center for Biotechnology Information</h2>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SearchBar -->
|
||
<div class="search"><div class="search_form"><label for="database" class="offscreen_noflow">Search database</label><select id="database"><optgroup label="Recent"><option value="pubmed" data-ac_dict="pm_related_queries_2">PubMed</option><option value="books">Books</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="gene" class="last">Gene</option></optgroup><optgroup label="All"><option value="gquery">All Databases</option><option value="assembly">Assembly</option><option value="biocollections">Biocollections</option><option value="bioproject">BioProject</option><option value="biosample">BioSample</option><option value="books">Books</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="cdd">Conserved Domains</option><option value="gap">dbGaP</option><option value="dbvar">dbVar</option><option value="gene">Gene</option><option value="genome">Genome</option><option value="gds">GEO DataSets</option><option value="geoprofiles">GEO Profiles</option><option value="gtr">GTR</option><option value="ipg">Identical Protein Groups</option><option value="medgen" selected="selected" data-ac_dict="medgen_disease_name">MedGen</option><option value="mesh" data-ac_dict="mesh_suggestions">MeSH</option><option value="nlmcatalog">NLM Catalog</option><option value="nuccore">Nucleotide</option><option value="omim">OMIM</option><option value="pmc">PMC</option><option value="protein">Protein</option><option value="proteinclusters">Protein Clusters</option><option value="protfam">Protein Family Models</option><option value="pcassay">PubChem BioAssay</option><option value="pccompound">PubChem Compound</option><option value="pcsubstance">PubChem Substance</option><option value="pubmed" data-ac_dict="pm_related_queries_2">PubMed</option><option value="snp">SNP</option><option value="sra">SRA</option><option value="structure">Structure</option><option value="taxonomy">Taxonomy</option><option value="toolkit">ToolKit</option><option value="toolkitall">ToolKitAll</option><option value="toolkitbookgh">ToolKitBookgh</option></optgroup></select><div class="nowrap"><label for="term" class="offscreen_noflow" accesskey="/">Search term</label><div class="nowrap"><input type="text" name="term" id="term" title="Search MedGen. Use up and down arrows to choose an item from the autocomplete." value="" class="jig-ncbiclearbutton jig-ncbiautocomplete" data-jigconfig="dictionary:'medgen_disease_name',disableUrl:'NcbiSearchBarAutoComplCtrl'" autocomplete="off" data-sbconfig="ds:'no',pjs:'yes',afs:'yes'" /></div><button id="search" type="submit" class="button_search nowrap" cmd="go">Search</button></div></div><ul class="searchlinks inline_list"><set></set><li><a sid="1" href="/medgen/limits">Limits</a></li><li><a href="/medgen/advanced">Advanced</a></li><li class="help"><a id="help" class="jig-ncbihelpwindow" target="ncbihelp" name="help" href="/medgen/docs/help">Help</a></li></ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_PageController.PreviousPageName" sid="1" type="hidden" value="results" />
|
||
<div id="maincontent" class="col nine_col">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="results_settings one_setting"><ul class="inline_list left display_settings"><li><a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Display" sid="0" href="#" class="jig-ncbipopper" data-jigconfig="triggerPosition : 'bottom center',destPosition : 'top center',destSelector : '#display_settings_menu_report', hasArrow : false,openEvent : 'click',closeEvent : 'click',isTriggerElementCloseClick: false,addCloseButton : false, groupName: 'entrez_pg'" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Display">Full Report<span href="#" class="tgt_dark"></span></a></li></ul><div id="display_settings_menu_report" class="disp_settings tabPopper"><fieldset class="format"><legend>Format</legend><ul class="column_list"><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.sPresentation" sid="1" value="FullReport" format="" id="FullReport" checked="true" /><label for="FullReport">Full Report</label></li><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.sPresentation" sid="2" value="FullReport" format="text" id="FullReporttext" /><label for="FullReporttext">Summary (Text)</label></li><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.sPresentation" sid="3" value="XML" format="text" id="XMLtext" /><label for="XMLtext">Summary (XML)</label></li></ul></fieldset></div><button name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SetDisplay" sid="1" class="button_apply ncbipopper-close-button" style="display:none">Apply</button><h4 class="content_header send_to align_right jig-ncbipopper" id="sendto" data-jigconfig="triggerPosition:'bottom center', destPosition : 'top center',destSelector : '#send_to_menu', hasArrow : false, openEvent : 'click',closeEvent : 'click', isTriggerElementCloseClick: false, addCloseButton:true, groupName: 'entrez_pg', adjustFit:'none'"><a href="#" sourceContent="send_to_menu" class="tgt_dark">Send to:</a><script type="text/javascript">
|
||
jQuery(document).ready( function () {
|
||
jQuery("#send_to_menu input[type='radio']").click( function () {
|
||
var selectedValue = jQuery(this).val().toLowerCase();
|
||
var selectedDiv = jQuery("#send_to_menu div." + selectedValue);
|
||
|
||
if(selectedDiv.is(":hidden")){
|
||
jQuery("#send_to_menu div.submenu:visible").slideUp();
|
||
selectedDiv.slideDown();
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
jQuery("#sendto").bind("ncbipopperclose", function(){
|
||
jQuery("#send_to_menu div.submenu:visible").css("display","none");
|
||
jQuery("#send_to_menu input[type='radio']:checked").attr("checked",false);
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
</script></h4><div id="send_to_menu" class="tabPopper send_to"><fieldset><legend>Choose Destination</legend><ul class="column_list"><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendTo" sid="1" value="File" id="dest_File" /><label for="dest_File">File</label></li><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendTo" sid="2" value="AddToClipboard" id="dest_AddToClipboard" /><label for="dest_AddToClipboard">Clipboard</label></li><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendTo" sid="3" value="AddToCollections" id="dest_AddToCollections" /><label for="dest_AddToCollections">Collections</label></li></ul></fieldset><div class="submenu file" id="submenu_File" style="display: none;"><p id="submenu_File_hint" class="hidden"></p><ul><li><label for="file_format">Format</label><select id="file_format" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.FFormat" sid="1"><option value="FullReport" format="text" selected="selected">Summary (Text)</option><option value="XML" format="text">Summary (XML)</option></select></li></ul><button name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendToSubmit" sid="1" class="button_apply file ncbipopper-close-button" type="submit" cmd="File">Create File</button></div><div class="submenu addtoclipboard" id="submenu_AddToClipboard" style="display: none;"><p id="submenu_AddToClipboard_hint" class="hidden"></p><button name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendToSubmit" sid="2" class="button_apply clipboard ncbipopper-close-button" type="submit" cmd="AddToClipboard">Add to Clipboard</button></div><div class="submenu addtocollections" id="submenu_AddToCollections" style="display: none;"><p id="submenu_AddToCollections_hint" class="hidden"></p><button name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendToSubmit" sid="3" class="button_apply collections ncbipopper-close-button" type="submit" cmd="AddToCollections">Add to Collections</button></div></div><div><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.FileFormat" sid="1" type="hidden" value="FullReport" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastPresentation" sid="1" type="hidden" value="FullReport" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Presentation" sid="1" type="hidden" value="FullReport" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PageSize" sid="1" type="hidden" value="20" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastPageSize" sid="1" type="hidden" value="20" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Format" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastFormat" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevPageSize" sid="1" type="hidden" value="20" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevPresentation" sid="1" type="hidden" value="FullReport" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevSort" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input type="hidden" id="coll_startindex" name="CollectionStartIndex" value="1" /></div></div>
|
||
<div class="">
|
||
<div><span id="result_sel" class="nowrap"></span><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController.ResultCount" sid="1" type="hidden" id="resultcount" value="1" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController.RunLastQuery" sid="1" type="hidden" /></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="messagearea" class="empty">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div><div class="rprt full-rprt"><div class="portlet" style="border-top-style: none; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0.2em;">
|
||
<!--
|
||
UID=1853
|
||
ConceptID=C0002395
|
||
-->
|
||
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Alzheimer disease<span class="h1sub">(AD)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1853</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0002395</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
|
||
<td>Alzheimer's disease; Presenile and senile dementia</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
|
||
<td>AD - Alzheimer's disease (26929004); Alzheimer disease (26929004); Alzheimer dementia (26929004); Alzheimer's disease (26929004)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
|
||
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
|
||
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="APP - ID: 351 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/351" class="medgenPMinfo">APP</a> (21q21.3)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td><a class="help" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-related">Related genes:<img src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div id="target-gene-related" class="display-none">
|
||
Gene(s) associated with related conditions. For conditions<br />
|
||
in a hierarchy, the parent condition will list the genes<br />
|
||
associated with the children conditions.</div></td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" href="/gene/10347">ABCA7</a>, <a target="_blank" href="/gene/5664">PSEN2</a>, <a target="_blank" href="/gene/5663">PSEN1</a>, <a target="_blank" href="/gene/5328">PLAU</a>, <a target="_blank" href="/gene/4846">NOS3</a>, <a target="_blank" href="/gene/4353">MPO</a>, <a target="_blank" href="/gene/348">APOE</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002511">HP:0002511</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0004975" target="_blank">MONDO:0004975</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/104300" target="_blank">104300</a>; <a href="https://omim.org/entry/516000" target="_blank">516000</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=238616">ORPHA238616</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the brain that causes dementia, which is a gradual loss of memory, judgment, and ability to function. This disorder usually appears in people older than age 65, but less common forms of the disease appear earlier in adulthood.<br /><br />Memory loss is the most common sign of Alzheimer's disease. Forgetfulness may be subtle at first, but the loss of memory worsens over time until it interferes with most aspects of daily living. Even in familiar settings, a person with Alzheimer's disease may get lost or become confused. Routine tasks such as preparing meals, doing laundry, and performing other household chores can be challenging. Additionally, it may become difficult to recognize people and name objects. Affected people increasingly require help with dressing, eating, and personal care.<br /><br />As the disorder progresses, some people with Alzheimer's disease experience personality and behavioral changes and have trouble interacting in a socially appropriate manner. Other common symptoms include agitation, restlessness, withdrawal, and loss of language skills. People with Alzheimer's disease usually require total care during the advanced stages of the disease.<br /><br />Individuals with Alzheimer's disease usually survive 8 to 10 years after the appearance of symptoms, but the course of the disease can range from 1 to 25 years. Survival is usually shorter in individuals diagnosed after age 80 than in those diagnosed at a younger age. In Alzheimer's disease, death usually results from pneumonia, malnutrition, or general body wasting (inanition).<br /><br />Alzheimer's disease can be classified as early-onset or late-onset. The signs and symptoms of the early-onset form appear between a person's thirties and mid-sixties, while the late-onset form appears during or after a person's mid-sixties. The early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease is much less common than the late-onset form, accounting for less than 10 percent of all cases of Alzheimer's disease. [from <a title="MedlinePlus Genetics" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/" class="defSource" target="_blank">MedlinePlus Genetics</a>]</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0002395[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1853">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1853" target="_blank" href="/omim/104300">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1161/" ref="ncbi_uid=1853">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=1853" ref="ncbi_uid=1853">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Alzheimer disease</span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1863051[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=400197">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=400197" target="_blank" href="/omim/104310">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=400197" ref="ncbi_uid=400197">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400197" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=400197&link_uid=400197" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 2'">Alzheimer disease 2</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=381362" target="_blank" href="/omim/605526">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=381362" ref="ncbi_uid=381362">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/381362" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=381362&link_uid=381362" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 6'">Alzheimer disease 6</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=342907" target="_blank" href="/omim/606187">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/342907" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=342907&link_uid=342907" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 7'">Alzheimer disease 7</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=375956" target="_blank" href="/omim/607116">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/375956" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=375956&link_uid=375956" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 8'">Alzheimer disease 8</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4282179[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=924255">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=924255" target="_blank" href="/omim/605414">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=924255" ref="ncbi_uid=924255">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/924255" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=924255&link_uid=924255" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 9'">Alzheimer disease 9</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=351228" target="_blank" href="/omim/609636">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/351228" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=351228&link_uid=351228" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 10'">Alzheimer disease 10</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=377886" target="_blank" href="/omim/609790">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/377886" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=377886&link_uid=377886" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 11'">Alzheimer disease 11</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=410013" target="_blank" href="/omim/611073">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/410013" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=410013&link_uid=410013" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 12'">Alzheimer disease 12</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=370835" target="_blank" href="/omim/611152">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/370835" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=370835&link_uid=370835" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 13'">Alzheimer disease 13</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=369666" target="_blank" href="/omim/611154">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/369666" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=369666&link_uid=369666" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 14'">Alzheimer disease 14</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=394384" target="_blank" href="/omim/300756">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/394384" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=394384&link_uid=394384" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 16'">Alzheimer disease 16</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=346983" target="_blank" href="/omim/604154">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/346983" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=346983&link_uid=346983" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles'">Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=CN043596[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=448010">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1161/" ref="ncbi_uid=448010">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=448010" ref="ncbi_uid=448010">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/448010" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=448010&link_uid=448010" title="View MedGen record for 'Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease'">Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1843013[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=334304">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=334304" target="_blank" href="/omim/104311">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1161/" ref="ncbi_uid=334304">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=334304" ref="ncbi_uid=334304">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/334304" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=334304&link_uid=334304" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 3'">Alzheimer disease 3</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1847200[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=376072">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=376072" target="_blank" href="/omim/600759">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1161/" ref="ncbi_uid=376072">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=376072" ref="ncbi_uid=376072">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/376072" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=376072&link_uid=376072" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease 4'">Alzheimer disease 4</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1863052[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=354892">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=354892" target="_blank" href="/omim/104300">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1161/" ref="ncbi_uid=354892">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=354892" ref="ncbi_uid=354892">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/354892" ref="tree=GTR&ncbi_uid=354892&link_uid=354892" title="View MedGen record for 'Alzheimer disease type 1'">Alzheimer disease type 1</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4347" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disease">Disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/232130" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder by Site">Disorder by Site</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/14336" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder of nervous system">Disorder of nervous system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3306" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder of the central nervous system">Disorder of the central nervous system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/14214" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brain disorder">Brain disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/99229" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Dementia">Dementia</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Alzheimer disease</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400197" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 2">Alzheimer disease 2</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/334304" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 3">Alzheimer disease 3</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/376072" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 4">Alzheimer disease 4</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/381362" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 6">Alzheimer disease 6</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/342907" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 7">Alzheimer disease 7</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/375956" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 8">Alzheimer disease 8</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/924255" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 9">Alzheimer disease 9</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/351228" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 10">Alzheimer disease 10</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/377886" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 11">Alzheimer disease 11</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/410013" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 12">Alzheimer disease 12</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/370835" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 13">Alzheimer disease 13</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/369666" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 14">Alzheimer disease 14</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/394384" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 16">Alzheimer disease 16</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/767366" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease 17">Alzheimer disease 17</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/346983" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles">Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/448010" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease">Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/354892" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alzheimer disease type 1">Alzheimer disease type 1</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_4385"><div><strong>Down syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>4385</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0013080</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition that is associated with intellectual disability, a characteristic facial appearance, and weak muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy. All affected individuals experience cognitive delays, but the intellectual disability is usually mild to moderate.\n\nPeople with Down syndrome often have a characteristic facial appearance that includes a flattened appearance to the face, outside corners of the eyes that point upward (upslanting palpebral fissures), small ears, a short neck, and a tongue that tends to stick out of the mouth. Affected individuals may have a variety of birth defects. Many people with Down syndrome have small hands and feet and a single crease across the palms of the hands. About half of all affected children are born with a heart defect. Digestive abnormalities, such as a blockage of the intestine, are less common.\n\nIndividuals with Down syndrome have an increased risk of developing several medical conditions. These include gastroesophageal reflux, which is a backflow of acidic stomach contents into the esophagus, and celiac disease, which is an intolerance of a wheat protein called gluten. About 15 percent of people with Down syndrome have an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism). The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ in the lower neck that produces hormones. Individuals with Down syndrome also have an increased risk of hearing and vision problems. Additionally, a small percentage of children with Down syndrome develop cancer of blood-forming cells (leukemia).\n\nDelayed development and behavioral problems are often reported in children with Down syndrome. Affected individuals can have growth problems and their speech and language develop later and more slowly than in children without Down syndrome. Additionally, speech may be difficult to understand in individuals with Down syndrome. Behavioral issues can include attention problems, obsessive/compulsive behavior, and stubbornness or tantrums. A small percentage of people with Down syndrome are also diagnosed with developmental conditions called autism spectrum disorders, which affect communication and social interaction.\n\nPeople with Down syndrome often experience a gradual decline in thinking ability (cognition) as they age, usually starting around age 50. Down syndrome is also associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, a brain disorder that results in a gradual loss of memory, judgment, and ability to function. Approximately half of adults with Down syndrome develop Alzheimer's disease. Although Alzheimer's disease is usually a disorder that occurs in older adults, people with Down syndrome commonly develop this condition earlier, in their fifties or sixties.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/4385">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_334304"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 3</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>334304</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1843013</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Alzheimer's disease can be classified as early-onset or late-onset. The signs and symptoms of the early-onset form appear between a person's thirties and mid-sixties, while the late-onset form appears during or after a person's mid-sixties. The early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease is much less common than the late-onset form, accounting for less than 10 percent of all cases of Alzheimer's disease.\n\nIndividuals with Alzheimer's disease usually survive 8 to 10 years after the appearance of symptoms, but the course of the disease can range from 1 to 25 years. Survival is usually shorter in individuals diagnosed after age 80 than in those diagnosed at a younger age. In Alzheimer's disease, death usually results from pneumonia, malnutrition, or general body wasting (inanition).\n\nAs the disorder progresses, some people with Alzheimer's disease experience personality and behavioral changes and have trouble interacting in a socially appropriate manner. Other common symptoms include agitation, restlessness, withdrawal, and loss of language skills. People with Alzheimer's disease usually require total care during the advanced stages of the disease.\n\nMemory loss is the most common sign of Alzheimer's disease. Forgetfulness may be subtle at first, but the loss of memory worsens over time until it interferes with most aspects of daily living. Even in familiar settings, a person with Alzheimer's disease may get lost or become confused. Routine tasks such as preparing meals, doing laundry, and performing other household chores can be challenging. Additionally, it may become difficult to recognize people and name objects. Affected people increasingly require help with dressing, eating, and personal care.\n\nAlzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the brain that causes dementia, which is a gradual loss of memory, judgment, and ability to function. This disorder usually appears in people older than age 65, but less common forms of the disease appear earlier in adulthood.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/334304">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_376072"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 4</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376072</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1847200</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the brain that causes dementia, which is a gradual loss of memory, judgment, and ability to function. This disorder usually appears in people older than age 65, but less common forms of the disease appear earlier in adulthood.\n\nMemory loss is the most common sign of Alzheimer's disease. Forgetfulness may be subtle at first, but the loss of memory worsens over time until it interferes with most aspects of daily living. Even in familiar settings, a person with Alzheimer's disease may get lost or become confused. Routine tasks such as preparing meals, doing laundry, and performing other household chores can be challenging. Additionally, it may become difficult to recognize people and name objects. Affected people increasingly require help with dressing, eating, and personal care.\n\nAs the disorder progresses, some people with Alzheimer's disease experience personality and behavioral changes and have trouble interacting in a socially appropriate manner. Other common symptoms include agitation, restlessness, withdrawal, and loss of language skills. People with Alzheimer's disease usually require total care during the advanced stages of the disease.\n\nIndividuals with Alzheimer's disease usually survive 8 to 10 years after the appearance of symptoms, but the course of the disease can range from 1 to 25 years. Survival is usually shorter in individuals diagnosed after age 80 than in those diagnosed at a younger age. In Alzheimer's disease, death usually results from pneumonia, malnutrition, or general body wasting (inanition).\n\nAlzheimer's disease can be classified as early-onset or late-onset. The signs and symptoms of the early-onset form appear between a person's thirties and mid-sixties, while the late-onset form appears during or after a person's mid-sixties. The early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease is much less common than the late-onset form, accounting for less than 10 percent of all cases of Alzheimer's disease.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376072">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341884"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease, familial early-onset, with coexisting amyloid and prion pathology</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341884</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1857933</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341884">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_400197"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>400197</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1863051</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Late-onset Alzheimer disease, the most common form of dementia, manifests with memory loss and spatial disorientation. The epsilon-4 (E4) allele of the APOE gene is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD, with individuals carrying 1 E4 allele at 3-fold increased risk, and those carrying 2 alleles at more than 10-fold increased risk (summary by Kunz et al., 2015). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Alzheimer disease, see 104300.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/400197">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_354892"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease type 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>354892</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1863052</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Alzheimer disease is the most common form of progressive dementia in the elderly. It is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the neuropathologic findings of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and extracellular amyloid plaques that accumulate in vulnerable brain regions (Sennvik et al., 2000). Terry and Davies (1980) pointed out that the 'presenile' form, with onset before age 65, is identical to the most common form of late-onset or 'senile' dementia, and suggested the term 'senile dementia of the Alzheimer type' (SDAT). Haines (1991) reviewed the genetics of AD. Selkoe (1996) reviewed the pathophysiology, chromosomal loci, and pathogenetic mechanisms of Alzheimer disease. Theuns and Van Broeckhoven (2000) reviewed the transcriptional regulation of the genes involved in Alzheimer disease. Genetic Heterogeneity of Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer disease is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. See also AD2 (104310), associated with the APOE*4 allele (107741) on chromosome 19; AD3 (607822), caused by mutation in the presenilin-1 gene (PSEN1; 104311) on 14q; and AD4 (606889), caused by mutation in the PSEN2 gene (600759) on 1q31. There is evidence for additional AD loci on other chromosomes; see AD5 (602096) on 12p11; AD6 (605526) on 10q24; AD7 (606187) on 10p13; AD8 (607116) on 20p; AD9 (608907), associated with variation in the ABCA7 gene (605414) on 19p13; AD10 (609636) on 7q36; AD11 (609790) on 9q22; AD12 (611073) on 8p12-q22; AD13 (611152) on 1q21; AD14 (611154) on 1q25; AD15 (604154) on 3q22-q24; AD16 (300756) on Xq21.3; AD17 (615080) on 6p21.2; and AD18 (615590), associated with variation in the ADAM10 gene (602192) on 15q21. Evidence also suggests that mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms may be risk factors in Alzheimer disease (502500). Finally, there have been associations between AD and various polymorphisms in other genes, including alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M; 103950.0005), low density lipoprotein-related protein-1 (LRP1; 107770), the transferrin gene (TF; 190000), the hemochromatosis gene (HFE; 613609), the NOS3 gene (163729), the vascular endothelial growth factor gene (VEGF; 192240), the ABCA2 gene (600047), and the TNF gene (191160) (see MOLECULAR GENETICS).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/354892">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_351228"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 10</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>351228</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1864828</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 7q36.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/351228">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_356103"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 5</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>356103</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1865868</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/356103">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_924255"><div><strong>Alzheimer disease 9</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>924255</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4282179</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/924255">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_351228" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 10</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_400197" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 2</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_334304" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 3</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_376072" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 4</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_356103" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 5</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (9)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_924255" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease 9</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_354892" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease type 1</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341884" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alzheimer disease, familial early-onset, with coexisting amyloid and prion pathology</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_4385" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Down syndrome</a></div></span></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38934362">Revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease: Alzheimer's Association Workgroup.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jack CR Jr,
|
||
Andrews JS,
|
||
Beach TG,
|
||
Buracchio T,
|
||
Dunn B,
|
||
Graf A,
|
||
Hansson O,
|
||
Ho C,
|
||
Jagust W,
|
||
McDade E,
|
||
Molinuevo JL,
|
||
Okonkwo OC,
|
||
Pani L,
|
||
Rafii MS,
|
||
Scheltens P,
|
||
Siemers E,
|
||
Snyder HM,
|
||
Sperling R,
|
||
Teunissen CE,
|
||
Carrillo MC</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Alzheimers Dement</span>
|
||
2024 Aug;20(8):5143-5169.
|
||
Epub 2024 Jun 27
|
||
doi: 10.1002/alz.13859.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38934362" target="_blank">38934362</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11350039" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31638686">Diagnosis and Management of Dementia: Review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Arvanitakis Z,
|
||
Shah RC,
|
||
Bennett DA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
|
||
2019 Oct 22;322(16):1589-1599.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.4782.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31638686" target="_blank">31638686</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7462122" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28592453">Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: Fourth consensus report of the DLB Consortium.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McKeith IG,
|
||
Boeve BF,
|
||
Dickson DW,
|
||
Halliday G,
|
||
Taylor JP,
|
||
Weintraub D,
|
||
Aarsland D,
|
||
Galvin J,
|
||
Attems J,
|
||
Ballard CG,
|
||
Bayston A,
|
||
Beach TG,
|
||
Blanc F,
|
||
Bohnen N,
|
||
Bonanni L,
|
||
Bras J,
|
||
Brundin P,
|
||
Burn D,
|
||
Chen-Plotkin A,
|
||
Duda JE,
|
||
El-Agnaf O,
|
||
Feldman H,
|
||
Ferman TJ,
|
||
Ffytche D,
|
||
Fujishiro H,
|
||
Galasko D,
|
||
Goldman JG,
|
||
Gomperts SN,
|
||
Graff-Radford NR,
|
||
Honig LS,
|
||
Iranzo A,
|
||
Kantarci K,
|
||
Kaufer D,
|
||
Kukull W,
|
||
Lee VMY,
|
||
Leverenz JB,
|
||
Lewis S,
|
||
Lippa C,
|
||
Lunde A,
|
||
Masellis M,
|
||
Masliah E,
|
||
McLean P,
|
||
Mollenhauer B,
|
||
Montine TJ,
|
||
Moreno E,
|
||
Mori E,
|
||
Murray M,
|
||
O'Brien JT,
|
||
Orimo S,
|
||
Postuma RB,
|
||
Ramaswamy S,
|
||
Ross OA,
|
||
Salmon DP,
|
||
Singleton A,
|
||
Taylor A,
|
||
Thomas A,
|
||
Tiraboschi P,
|
||
Toledo JB,
|
||
Trojanowski JQ,
|
||
Tsuang D,
|
||
Walker Z,
|
||
Yamada M,
|
||
Kosaka K</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurology</span>
|
||
2017 Jul 4;89(1):88-100.
|
||
Epub 2017 Jun 7
|
||
doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004058.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28592453" target="_blank">28592453</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5496518" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22alzheimer%20disease%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (792)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32840331">Economic burden of Alzheimer disease and managed care considerations.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wong W</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Manag Care</span>
|
||
2020 Aug;26(8 Suppl):S177-S183.
|
||
doi: 10.37765/ajmc.2020.88482.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32840331" target="_blank">32840331</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29614878">Alzheimer's disease: clinical update on epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Eratne D,
|
||
Loi SM,
|
||
Farrand S,
|
||
Kelso W,
|
||
Velakoulis D,
|
||
Looi JC</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Australas Psychiatry</span>
|
||
2018 Aug;26(4):347-357.
|
||
Epub 2018 Apr 3
|
||
doi: 10.1177/1039856218762308.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29614878" target="_blank">29614878</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26896913">Music therapy and Alzheimer's disease: Cognitive, psychological, and behavioural effects.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gómez Gallego M,
|
||
Gómez García J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurologia</span>
|
||
2017 Jun;32(5):300-308.
|
||
Epub 2016 Feb 17
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2015.12.003.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26896913" target="_blank">26896913</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24234352">Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Oboudiyat C,
|
||
Glazer H,
|
||
Seifan A,
|
||
Greer C,
|
||
Isaacson RS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Neurol</span>
|
||
2013 Sep;33(4):313-29.
|
||
Epub 2013 Nov 14
|
||
doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1359319.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24234352" target="_blank">24234352</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9492674">Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Masters CL,
|
||
Beyreuther K</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ</span>
|
||
1998 Feb 7;316(7129):446-8.
|
||
doi: 10.1136/bmj.316.7129.446.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9492674" target="_blank">9492674</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2665603" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Alzheimer%20disease%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (43861)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33986300">Alzheimer disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Dis Primers</span>
|
||
2021 May 13;7(1):34.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00275-0.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33986300" target="_blank">33986300</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29782320">Preface.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Perry G,
|
||
Avila J,
|
||
Moreira PI,
|
||
Sorensen AA,
|
||
Tabaton M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Alzheimers Dis</span>
|
||
2018;64(s1):S1.
|
||
doi: 10.3233/JAD-179945.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29782320" target="_blank">29782320</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21760574">Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Brody H</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nature</span>
|
||
2011 Jul 13;475(7355):S1.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/475S1a.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21760574" target="_blank">21760574</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11988038">Alzheimer disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cummings JL,
|
||
Cole G</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
|
||
2002 May 8;287(18):2335-8.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jama.287.18.2335.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11988038" target="_blank">11988038</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2655627">Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hyman BT,
|
||
Damasio H,
|
||
Damasio AR,
|
||
Van Hoesen GW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Annu Rev Public Health</span>
|
||
1989;10:115-40.
|
||
doi: 10.1146/annurev.pu.10.050189.000555.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2655627" target="_blank">2655627</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Alzheimer%20disease%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (36317)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38484213">Lecanemab Questions.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nadeau SE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurology</span>
|
||
2024 Apr 9;102(7):e209320.
|
||
Epub 2024 Mar 14
|
||
doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000209320.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38484213" target="_blank">38484213</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37848035">Accelerating Alzheimer's therapeutic development: The past and future of clinical trials.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boxer AL,
|
||
Sperling R</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cell</span>
|
||
2023 Oct 26;186(22):4757-4772.
|
||
Epub 2023 Oct 16
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.023.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37848035" target="_blank">37848035</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10625460" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37676096">Lecanemab (Leqembi) is not the right drug for patients with Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kurkinen M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Clin Exp Med</span>
|
||
2023 Sep;32(9):943-947.
|
||
doi: 10.17219/acem/171379.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37676096" target="_blank">37676096</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33313759">Systemic inflammatory regulators and risk of Alzheimer's disease: a bidirectional Mendelian-randomization study.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yeung CHC,
|
||
Schooling CM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Epidemiol</span>
|
||
2021 Jul 9;50(3):829-840.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/ije/dyaa241.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33313759" target="_blank">33313759</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28986068">Effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with Alzheimer disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Araya-Quintanilla F,
|
||
Gutiérrez-Espinoza H,
|
||
Sánchez-Montoya U,
|
||
Muñoz-Yañez MJ,
|
||
Baeza-Vergara A,
|
||
Petersen-Yanjarí M,
|
||
Fernández-Lecaros L</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurologia (Engl Ed)</span>
|
||
2020 Mar;35(2):105-114.
|
||
Epub 2017 Oct 4
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2017.07.009.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28986068" target="_blank">28986068</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Alzheimer%20disease%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (22095)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33756057">2021 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMjournal">Alzheimers Dement</span>
|
||
2021 Mar;17(3):327-406.
|
||
Epub 2021 Mar 23
|
||
doi: 10.1002/alz.12328.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33756057" target="_blank">33756057</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31072403">Alzheimer's disease: risk factors and potentially protective measures.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Silva MVF,
|
||
Loures CMG,
|
||
Alves LCV,
|
||
de Souza LC,
|
||
Borges KBG,
|
||
Carvalho MDG</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Biomed Sci</span>
|
||
2019 May 9;26(1):33.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s12929-019-0524-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31072403" target="_blank">31072403</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6507104" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27130306">Prevalence and incidence of Alzheimer's disease in Europe: A meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Niu H,
|
||
Álvarez-Álvarez I,
|
||
Guillén-Grima F,
|
||
Aguinaga-Ontoso I</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurologia</span>
|
||
2017 Oct;32(8):523-532.
|
||
Epub 2016 Apr 26
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.02.016.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27130306" target="_blank">27130306</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27637956">Dementias.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sacuiu SF</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Handb Clin Neurol</span>
|
||
2016;138:123-51.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-802973-2.00008-2.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27637956" target="_blank">27637956</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24963675">Corticobasal degeneration.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Grijalvo-Perez AM,
|
||
Litvan I</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Neurol</span>
|
||
2014 Apr;34(2):160-73.
|
||
Epub 2014 Jun 25
|
||
doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1381734.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24963675" target="_blank">24963675</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Alzheimer%20disease%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (18157)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34919686">Validation of Claims Algorithms to Identify Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McCarthy EP,
|
||
Chang CH,
|
||
Tilton N,
|
||
Kabeto MU,
|
||
Langa KM,
|
||
Bynum JPW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci</span>
|
||
2022 Jun 1;77(6):1261-1271.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/gerona/glab373.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34919686" target="_blank">34919686</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9159657" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33942449">Diagnostic power of resting-state fMRI for detection of network connectivity in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ibrahim B,
|
||
Suppiah S,
|
||
Ibrahim N,
|
||
Mohamad M,
|
||
Hassan HA,
|
||
Nasser NS,
|
||
Saripan MI</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Brain Mapp</span>
|
||
2021 Jun 15;42(9):2941-2968.
|
||
Epub 2021 May 4
|
||
doi: 10.1002/hbm.25369.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33942449" target="_blank">33942449</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8127155" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30521086">Predicting Progression to Mild Cognitive Impairment.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Petersen RC,
|
||
Lundt ES,
|
||
Therneau TM,
|
||
Weigand SD,
|
||
Knopman DS,
|
||
Mielke MM,
|
||
Roberts RO,
|
||
Lowe VJ,
|
||
Machulda MM,
|
||
Kremers WK,
|
||
Geda YE,
|
||
Jack CR Jr</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Neurol</span>
|
||
2019 Jan;85(1):155-160.
|
||
Epub 2019 Jan 7
|
||
doi: 10.1002/ana.25388.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30521086" target="_blank">30521086</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6504922" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22877889">A systematic review of screening tools for predicting the development of dementia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lischka AR,
|
||
Mendelsohn M,
|
||
Overend T,
|
||
Forbes D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Can J Aging</span>
|
||
2012 Sep;31(3):295-311.
|
||
Epub 2012 Aug 9
|
||
doi: 10.1017/S0714980812000220.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22877889" target="_blank">22877889</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7991117">The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cummings JL,
|
||
Mega M,
|
||
Gray K,
|
||
Rosenberg-Thompson S,
|
||
Carusi DA,
|
||
Gornbein J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurology</span>
|
||
1994 Dec;44(12):2308-14.
|
||
doi: 10.1212/wnl.44.12.2308.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7991117" target="_blank">7991117</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Alzheimer%20disease%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (34927)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38519775">Association between Mediterranean diet and dementia and Alzheimer disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nucci D,
|
||
Sommariva A,
|
||
Degoni LM,
|
||
Gallo G,
|
||
Mancarella M,
|
||
Natarelli F,
|
||
Savoia A,
|
||
Catalini A,
|
||
Ferranti R,
|
||
Pregliasco FE,
|
||
Castaldi S,
|
||
Gianfredi V</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aging Clin Exp Res</span>
|
||
2024 Mar 22;36(1):77.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s40520-024-02718-6.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38519775" target="_blank">38519775</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10959819" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36973733">The effect of music therapy on cognitive functions in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bleibel M,
|
||
El Cheikh A,
|
||
Sadier NS,
|
||
Abou-Abbas L</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Alzheimers Res Ther</span>
|
||
2023 Mar 27;15(1):65.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s13195-023-01214-9.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36973733" target="_blank">36973733</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10041788" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35680080">Cortical excitability and plasticity in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation studies.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chou YH,
|
||
Sundman M,
|
||
Ton That V,
|
||
Green J,
|
||
Trapani C</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ageing Res Rev</span>
|
||
2022 Aug;79:101660.
|
||
Epub 2022 Jun 6
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101660.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35680080" target="_blank">35680080</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9707650" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34871380">Statin use and risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Olmastroni E,
|
||
Molari G,
|
||
De Beni N,
|
||
Colpani O,
|
||
Galimberti F,
|
||
Gazzotti M,
|
||
Zambon A,
|
||
Catapano AL,
|
||
Casula M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Prev Cardiol</span>
|
||
2022 May 5;29(5):804-814.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab208.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34871380" target="_blank">34871380</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33289311">Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to enhance sleep in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Blackman J,
|
||
Swirski M,
|
||
Clynes J,
|
||
Harding S,
|
||
Leng Y,
|
||
Coulthard E</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Sleep Res</span>
|
||
2021 Aug;30(4):e13229.
|
||
Epub 2020 Dec 2
|
||
doi: 10.1111/jsr.13229.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33289311" target="_blank">33289311</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8365694" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Alzheimer%20disease%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1741)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_120">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Therapeutic_recommendations">Therapeutic recommendations</h1><a sid="120" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln" id="therapeutic"><strong>From Medical Genetics Summaries</strong><br /><div id="TheraputicContent"><div class="divPopper rprt" id="lecanemab_REF_1" style="display: none;">1. LEQEMBI- lecanemab injection, solution. Nutley, NJ, USA: Inc., E.; 2023. Available from: <a href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=9d1ff786-e577-410a-a273-c4d7d0e4e975" target="_blank">https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=9d1ff786-e577-410a-a273-c4d7d0e4e975</a>.</div><p><b>This section contains excerpted</b>
|
||
<sup>1</sup>
|
||
<b>information on gene-based dosing recommendations. Neither this section nor other parts of this review contain the complete recommendations from the sources.</b>
|
||
</p><p><b>2023 Statement from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA):</b>
|
||
</p><p>Patients who are apolipoprotein E ε4 (ApoE ε4) homozygotes (approximately 15% of Alzheimer’s disease patients) treated with this class of medications, including [lecanemab], have a higher incidence of ARIA, including symptomatic, serious, and severe radiographic ARIA, compared to heterozygotes and noncarriers. Testing for ApoE ε4 status should be performed prior to initiation of treatment to inform the risk of developing ARIA. Prior to testing, prescribers should discuss with patients the risk of ARIA across genotypes and the implications of genetic testing results. Prescribers should inform patients that if genotype testing is not performed they can still be treated with lecanemab; however, it cannot be determined if they are ApoE ε4 homozygotes and at higher risk for ARIA… Consider the benefit of lecanemab for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and potential risk of serious adverse events associated with ARIA when decided to initiate treatment with lecanemab.</p><p><b>Please review the complete therapeutic recommendations that are located here:</b>
|
||
(<a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper s_TOP" href="#lecanemab_REF_1" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">1</a>).</p><p><sup>1</sup>
|
||
|
||
The FDA labels specific drug formulations. We have substituted the generic names for any drug labels in this excerpt. The FDA may not have labeled all formulations containing the generic drug. Certain terms, genes, and genetic variants may be corrected in accordance with nomenclature standards, where necessary. We have given the full name of abbreviations, shown in square brackets, where necessary.</p></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
||
<div id="messagearea_bottom">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class=" bottom">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
||
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- MedGen supplemental column starts here -->
|
||
<div class="rightCol mgCol">
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_106">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0002395%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (48)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0002395%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F18" target="_blank">Mutation scanning of select exons (1)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0002395%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F17" target="_blank">Mutation scanning of the entire coding region (1)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0002395%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (56)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0002395%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (9)</a></li>
|
||
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0002395%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (70)</a></total></li>
|
||
</ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_119">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=238616" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Alzheimer%20disease" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_121">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22alzheimer%20disease%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Alzheimer%20disease%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_115">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Molecular_resources">Molecular resources</h1><a sid="115" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&start=1&limit=10&sort=score%20desc&field=number&search=104760" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=351[geneid]" target="_blank">View APP variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/166795291" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li></ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_116">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Consumer_resources">Consumer resources</h1><a sid="116" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.diseaseinfosearch.org/Alzheimer+Disease/349" target="_blank">Genetic Alliance</a></li><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/alzheimer_disease_familial_1" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&query=Alzheimer%20disease" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li><li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/alzheimers-disease" target="_blank">MedlinePlusGenetics (GHR)</a></li><li><a href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/632/disease" target="_blank">NCATS Office of Rare Diseases Research (GARD)</a></li></ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet brieflink">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head">
|
||
<div class="portlet_title">
|
||
<h3>Reviews</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews.Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="Reviews" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews.Shutter"></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="/pubmed/20301340" ref="ncbi_uid=&discoId=gtr_reviews&linkpos=1&linkpostotal=4" target="_blank"><span class="gene_reviews">GeneReviews</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="/books/NBK605938" ref="ncbi_uid=&discoId=gtr_reviews&linkpos=2&linkpostotal=4" target="_blank">Medical Genetics Summaries</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="/pubmed/clinical?term=Alzheimer%20disease" ref="ncbi_uid=&discoId=gtr_reviews&linkpos=3&linkpostotal=4" target="_blank">PubMed Clinical Queries</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="/pubmed?term=Alzheimer%20disease%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&discoId=gtr_reviews&linkpos=4&linkpostotal=4" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- MedGen supplemental column ends here -->
|
||
<div class="portlet brieflink">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head">
|
||
<div class="portlet_title">
|
||
<h3>Related information</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks.Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="discovery_db_links" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks.Shutter"></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content DiscoveryDbLinks">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">ClinVar</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related medical variations</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gene?LinkName=medgen_gene_diseases&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">Gene</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in NCBI Gene</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C0002395[DISCUI]" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in GTR</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C0002395[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR(Clinical)</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Clinical tests in GTR</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/mesh?LinkName=medgen_mesh&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">MeSH</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related Medical Subject Headings</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/books?LinkName=medgen_books&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">NCBI Bookshelf</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in NCBI Bookshelf</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related records in OMIM</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim_gene&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM(Genes)</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">OMIM records containing genes associated with phenotypes registered in MedGen</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pmc?LinkName=medgen_pmc&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">PMC Articles</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in PubMed Central Links</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_bookshelf_cited&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (Bookshelf cited)</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Links to PubMed based on citations in GeneReviews and Medical Genetics Summaries</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_genereviews&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (GeneReviews)</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">GeneReviews in PubMed</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
||
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_omim&from_uid=1853" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (OMIM)</a>
|
||
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head">
|
||
<div class="portlet_title">
|
||
<h3>Recent activity</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="recent_activity" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Shutter"></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content">
|
||
<div id="HTDisplay" class="">
|
||
<input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Cmd" sid="1" type="hidden" />
|
||
<div class="action">
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory" sid="1" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory" cmd="ClearHT" href="?cmd=ClearHT&" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory">
|
||
Clear
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" sid="1" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" class="HTOn" cmd="HTOff" href="?cmd=HTOff&" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle">
|
||
Turn Off
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" sid="2" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" class="HTOff" cmd="HTOn" href="?cmd=HTOn&" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle">
|
||
Turn On
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<ul id="activity">
|
||
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
|
||
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d2f11a67c23b31e0a933ca">Alzheimer disease</a>
|
||
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Alzheimer disease<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
|
||
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
|
||
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=2" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d2f114cde49f3df7beaa4d">Alzheimer disease 3</a>
|
||
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Alzheimer disease 3<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
|
||
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
|
||
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=3" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d2f11167c23b31e0a8f598">Alzheimer disease 5</a>
|
||
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Alzheimer disease 5<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
|
||
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
|
||
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=4" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d2f10d67c23b31e0a8dc34">Alzheimer disease 4</a>
|
||
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Alzheimer disease 4<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
|
||
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
|
||
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=5" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d2f0b067c23b31e0a5ed15">Alzheimer Disease Overview - GeneReviews®</a>
|
||
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Alzheimer Disease Overview - GeneReviews®<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
|
||
<div class="tertiary"></div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p class="HTOn">Your browsing activity is empty.</p>
|
||
<p class="HTOff">Activity recording is turned off.</p>
|
||
<p id="turnOn" class="HTOff">
|
||
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryOn" sid="1" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryOn" cmd="HTOn" href="?cmd=HTOn&" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryOn">Turn recording back on</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<a class="seemore" href="/sites/myncbi/recentactivity">See more...</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="NCBIFooter_dynamic">
|
||
<!--<component id="NCBIBreadcrumbs"/>
|
||
<component id="NCBIHelpDesk"/>-->
|
||
<noscript><img alt="" src="/stat?jsdisabled=true&ncbi_app=entrez&ncbi_db=medgen&ncbi_pdid=FullReport&ncbi_phid=CE8B69EE7D2EC4310000000000710053" /></noscript>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="footer" id="footer" xml:base="http://127.0.0.1/sites/static/header_footer/">
|
||
<section class="icon-section">
|
||
<div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div>
|
||
<div class="grid-container container">
|
||
<div class="icon-section_container">
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="40" height="40" viewBox="0 0 40 40" fill="none">
|
||
<title>Twitter</title>
|
||
<g id="twitterx1008">
|
||
<path id="path1008" d="M6.06736 7L16.8778 20.8991L6.00001 32.2H10.2L18.6 23.1L25.668 32.2H34L22.8 17.5L31.9 7H28.4L20.7 15.4L14.401 7H6.06898H6.06736ZM9.66753 8.73423H12.9327L29.7327 30.4658H26.5697L9.66753 8.73423Z" fill="#5B616B"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
||
<title>Facebook</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-11" d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z">
|
||
</path>
|
||
</svg></a>
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm" aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
||
<title>LinkedIn</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-11" d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z">
|
||
</path>
|
||
</svg></a>
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
||
<defs>
|
||
<style>
|
||
.cls-11,
|
||
.cls-12 {
|
||
fill: #737373;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cls-11 {
|
||
fill-rule: evenodd;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
</defs>
|
||
<title>GitHub</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-11" d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path>
|
||
</svg></a>
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 40 40">
|
||
<defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs>
|
||
<title>NCBI Insights Blog</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"></path>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section class="container-fluid bg-primary">
|
||
<div class="container pt-5">
|
||
<div class="row mt-3">
|
||
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
||
<p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p>
|
||
<ul class="list-inline social_media">
|
||
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 36 35" fill="none">
|
||
<title>Twitter</title>
|
||
<g id="twitterx1009" clip-path="url(#clip0_65276_3946)">
|
||
<path id="Vector_Twitter" d="M17.5006 34.6565C26.9761 34.6565 34.6575 26.9751 34.6575 17.4996C34.6575 8.02416 26.9761 0.342773 17.5006 0.342773C8.02514 0.342773 0.34375 8.02416 0.34375 17.4996C0.34375 26.9751 8.02514 34.6565 17.5006 34.6565Z" fill="#205493" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.0" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path>
|
||
<path id="path1009" d="M8.54811 8.5L16.2698 18.4279L8.50001 26.5H11.5L17.5 20L22.5486 26.5H28.5L20.5 16L27 8.5H24.5L19 14.5L14.5007 8.5H8.54927H8.54811ZM11.1197 9.73873H13.4519L25.4519 25.2613H23.1926L11.1197 9.73873Z" fill="white"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
<defs>
|
||
<clipPath id="clip0_65276_3946">
|
||
<rect width="35" height="35" fill="white"></rect>
|
||
</clipPath>
|
||
</defs>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</a></li>
|
||
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 36 35" fill="none">
|
||
<title>Facebook</title>
|
||
<g id="Facebook" clip-path="url(#clip0_1717_1086)">
|
||
<path id="Vector_Facebook" d="M15.1147 29.1371C15.1147 29.0822 15.1147 29.0296 15.1147 28.9747V18.9414H11.8183C11.6719 18.9414 11.6719 18.9414 11.6719 18.8018C11.6719 17.5642 11.6719 16.3289 11.6719 15.0937C11.6719 14.9793 11.7062 14.9518 11.816 14.9518C12.8683 14.9518 13.9206 14.9518 14.9751 14.9518H15.1215V14.8329C15.1215 13.8057 15.1215 12.774 15.1215 11.7492C15.1274 10.9262 15.3148 10.1146 15.6706 9.37241C16.1301 8.38271 16.9475 7.60378 17.9582 7.19235C18.6492 6.90525 19.3923 6.76428 20.1405 6.7783C21.0029 6.79202 21.8653 6.83091 22.7278 6.86065C22.8879 6.86065 23.048 6.89496 23.2082 6.90182C23.2974 6.90182 23.3271 6.94071 23.3271 7.02993C23.3271 7.54235 23.3271 8.05477 23.3271 8.5649C23.3271 9.16882 23.3271 9.77274 23.3271 10.3767C23.3271 10.4819 23.2974 10.5139 23.1921 10.5116C22.5379 10.5116 21.8814 10.5116 21.2271 10.5116C20.9287 10.5184 20.6316 10.5528 20.3395 10.6146C20.0822 10.6619 19.8463 10.7891 19.6653 10.9779C19.4842 11.1668 19.3672 11.4078 19.3307 11.6669C19.2857 11.893 19.2612 12.1226 19.2575 12.3531C19.2575 13.1904 19.2575 14.0299 19.2575 14.8695C19.2575 14.8946 19.2575 14.9198 19.2575 14.9564H23.0229C23.1807 14.9564 23.183 14.9564 23.1624 15.1074C23.0778 15.7662 22.9885 16.425 22.9039 17.0816C22.8322 17.6321 22.7636 18.1827 22.698 18.7332C22.6729 18.9437 22.6797 18.9437 22.4693 18.9437H19.2644V28.8992C19.2644 28.9793 19.2644 29.0593 19.2644 29.1394L15.1147 29.1371Z" fill="white"></path>
|
||
<path id="Vector_2_Facebook" d="M17.5006 34.657C26.9761 34.657 34.6575 26.9756 34.6575 17.5001C34.6575 8.02465 26.9761 0.343262 17.5006 0.343262C8.02514 0.343262 0.34375 8.02465 0.34375 17.5001C0.34375 26.9756 8.02514 34.657 17.5006 34.657Z" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.0" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
<defs>
|
||
<clipPath id="clip0_1717_1086">
|
||
<rect width="35" height="35" fill="white"></rect>
|
||
</clipPath>
|
||
</defs>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</a></li>
|
||
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 36 35" fill="none">
|
||
<title>Youtube</title>
|
||
<g id="YouTube" clip-path="url(#clip0_1717_1101)">
|
||
<path id="Vector_Youtube" d="M26.2571 11.4791C25.9025 11.1589 25.5709 10.9576 24.228 10.834C22.5512 10.6785 20.2797 10.6556 18.564 10.6533H16.4365C14.7208 10.6533 12.4493 10.6785 10.7725 10.834C9.43196 10.9576 9.09798 11.1589 8.7434 11.4791C7.81464 12.321 7.6202 14.6268 7.59961 16.8938C7.59961 17.3178 7.59961 17.741 7.59961 18.1635C7.62706 20.4121 7.82837 22.686 8.7434 23.521C9.09798 23.8412 9.42967 24.0425 10.7725 24.1661C12.4493 24.3216 14.7208 24.3445 16.4365 24.3468H18.564C20.2797 24.3468 22.5512 24.3216 24.228 24.1661C25.5686 24.0425 25.9025 23.8412 26.2571 23.521C27.1722 22.6929 27.3735 20.451 27.4009 18.2206C27.4009 17.7402 27.4009 17.2599 27.4009 16.7795C27.3735 14.5491 27.1699 12.3072 26.2571 11.4791ZM15.5604 20.5311V14.652L20.561 17.5001L15.5604 20.5311Z" fill="white"></path>
|
||
<path id="Vector_2_Youtube" d="M17.5006 34.657C26.9761 34.657 34.6575 26.9756 34.6575 17.5001C34.6575 8.02465 26.9761 0.343262 17.5006 0.343262C8.02514 0.343262 0.34375 8.02465 0.34375 17.5001C0.34375 26.9756 8.02514 34.657 17.5006 34.657Z" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.0" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
<defs>
|
||
<clipPath id="clip0_1717_1101">
|
||
<rect width="35" height="35" fill="white"></rect>
|
||
</clipPath>
|
||
</defs>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
||
<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323" class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br />
|
||
Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
||
<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office" class="text-white">FOIA</a><br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
||
<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="row">
|
||
<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
|
||
<nav class="bottom-links">
|
||
<ul class="mt-3">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentOmnitureBaseJS/InstrumentNCBIConfigJS/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js?v=1"> </script>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/static/js/hfjs2.js"> </script>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Db" sid="1" type="hidden" value="medgen" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastDb" sid="1" type="hidden" value="medgen" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Term" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastTabCmd" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastQueryKey" sid="1" type="hidden" value="3287" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.IdsFromResult" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastIdsFromResult" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkName" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkReadableName" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkSrcDb" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Cmd" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.TabCmd" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.QueryKey" sid="1" type="hidden" /></div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="p$a" id="p$a" /><input type="hidden" name="p$l" id="p$l" value="EntrezSystem2" /><input type="hidden" name="p$st" id="p$st" value="medgen" /><input name="SessionId" id="SessionId" value="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID" disabled="disabled" type="hidden" /><input name="Snapshot" id="Snapshot" value="/projects/Phenotype/MedGen/MedGen@6.14" disabled="disabled" type="hidden" /></form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID /projects/Phenotype/MedGen/MedGen@6.14 portal104 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
|
||
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script type='text/javascript' src='/portal/js/portal.js'></script><script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/js/4221766/3812534/4212053/3812535/3781605/4186313/2499590/3758627/4078478/3908752/3423/4018706/3891418/4212356/4078480/4078479/4025341/4076482/31971/35962/2733373/33966/3397055/4001808.js" snapshot="medgen"></script></body>
|
||
</html> |