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<meta name="keywords" content="C0030305, disease or syndrome, inflammation of pancreas, pancreas inflammation, pancreatic inflammation, pancreatitis, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="The presence of inflammation in the pancreas." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=14586
ConceptID=C0030305
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Pancreatitis</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>14586</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0030305</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Inflammation of pancreas; inflammation of pancreas; pancreas inflammation; Pancreatic inflammation; pancreatitis</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Pancreatitis (75694006); Inflammation of pancreas (75694006)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001733">HP:0001733</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0004982" target="_blank">MONDO:0004982</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">The presence of inflammation in the pancreas. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0030305[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=14586">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=14586" ref="ncbi_uid=14586">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Pancreatitis</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867388" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the immune system">Abnormality of the immune system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869194" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of immune system physiology">Abnormality of immune system physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868411" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal inflammatory response">Abnormal inflammatory response</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868409" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Increased inflammatory response">Increased inflammatory response</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Pancreatitis</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/541079" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis">Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/75645" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute necrotizing pancreatitis">Acute necrotizing pancreatitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/7872" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute pancreatitis">Acute pancreatitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/84027" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alcoholic pancreatitis">Alcoholic pancreatitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870774" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Chronic calcifying pancreatitis">Chronic calcifying pancreatitis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/101753" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Chronic pancreatitis">Chronic pancreatitis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/750633" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Autoimmune pancreatitis">Autoimmune pancreatitis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/927912" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Autoimmune pancreatitis type 1">Autoimmune pancreatitis type 1</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1679984" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Autoimmune pancreatitis type 2">Autoimmune pancreatitis type 2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/116056" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hereditary pancreatitis">Hereditary pancreatitis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/409826" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pancreatitis, chronic, susceptibility to">Pancreatitis, chronic, susceptibility to</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/334069" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tropical pancreatitis">Tropical pancreatitis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/385339" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pancreatitis, Graft">Pancreatitis, Graft</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1639431" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Recurrent pancreatitis">Recurrent pancreatitis</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_41393"><div><strong>Cystic fibrosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41393</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0010674</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease affecting epithelia of the respiratory tract, exocrine pancreas, intestine, hepatobiliary system, and exocrine sweat glands. Morbidities include recurrent sinusitis and bronchitis, progressive obstructive pulmonary disease with bronchiectasis, exocrine pancreatic deficiency and malnutrition, pancreatitis, gastrointestinal manifestations (meconium ileus, rectal prolapse, distal intestinal obstructive syndrome), liver disease, diabetes, male infertility due to hypoplasia or aplasia of the vas deferens, and reduced fertility or infertility in some women. Pulmonary disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in CF.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41393">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_39125"><div><strong>Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, type 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>39125</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0085859</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS1) is characterized by the presence of 2 of 3 major clinical symptoms: Addison disease, and/or hypoparathyroidism, and/or chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (Neufeld et al., 1981). However, variable APS1 phenotypes have been observed, even among sibs. In addition, some patients may exhibit apparent isolated hypoparathyroidism, an early manifestation of APS1 with peak incidence at around age 5 years; over long-term follow-up, the development of additional features of APS1 may be observed (Cranston et al., 2022).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/39125">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_116056"><div><strong>Hereditary pancreatitis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116056</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0238339</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">PRSS1-related hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is characterized by episodes of acute pancreatitis (AP) and recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP: &gt;1 episode of AP), with frequent progression to chronic pancreatitis (CP). Manifestations of acute pancreatitis can range from vague abdominal pain lasting one to three days to severe abdominal pain lasting days to weeks and requiring hospitalization.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116056">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_78644"><div><strong>Glucose-6-phosphate transport defect</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78644</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268146</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) is characterized by accumulation of glycogen and fat in the liver and kidneys resulting in hepatomegaly and nephromegaly. Severely affected infants present in the neonatal period with severe hypoglycemia due to fasting intolerance. More commonly, untreated infants present at age three to four months with hepatomegaly, severe hypoglycemia with or without seizures, lactic acidosis, hyperuricemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. Affected children typically have doll-like faces with full cheeks, relatively thin extremities, short stature, and a protuberant abdomen. Xanthoma and diarrhea may be present. Impaired platelet function and development of reduced or dysfunctional von Willebrand factor can lead to a bleeding tendency with frequent epistaxis and menorrhagia in females. Individuals with untreated GSD Ib are more likely to develop impaired neutrophil and monocyte function as well as chronic neutropenia resulting in recurrent bacterial infections, gingivitis, periodontitis, and genital and intestinal ulcers. Long-term complications of untreated GSD I include short stature, osteoporosis, delayed puberty, renal disease (including proximal and distal renal tubular acidosis, renal stones, and kidney failure), gout, systemic hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, hepatic adenomas with potential for malignancy, pancreatitis, and polycystic ovaries. Seizures and cognitive impairment may occur in individuals with prolonged periods of hypoglycemia. Normal growth and puberty are expected in treated children. Most affected individuals live into adulthood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78644">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_75694"><div><strong>Propionic acidemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75694</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268579</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The spectrum of propionic acidemia (PA) ranges from neonatal onset to late-onset disease. Neonatal-onset PA, the most common form, is characterized by a healthy newborn with poor feeding and decreased arousal in the first few days of life, followed by progressive encephalopathy of unexplained origin. Without prompt diagnosis (often through newborn screening) and management, this is followed by progressive encephalopathy manifesting as lethargy, seizures, or coma that can result in death. It is frequently accompanied by metabolic acidosis with anion gap, lactic acidosis, ketonuria, hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, and cytopenias. Individuals with late-onset PA may remain asymptomatic and suffer a metabolic crisis under catabolic stress (e.g., illness, surgery, fasting) or may experience a more insidious onset with the development of multiorgan complications including vomiting, protein intolerance, failure to thrive, hypotonia, developmental delays or regression, movement disorders, or cardiomyopathy. Isolated cardiomyopathy can be observed on rare occasions in the absence of clinical metabolic decompensation or neurocognitive deficits. Manifestations of neonatal-onset and late-onset PA over time can include growth impairment, intellectual disability, seizures, basal ganglia lesions, pancreatitis, cardiomyopathy, and chronic kidney disease. Other rarely reported complications include optic atrophy, sensorineural hearing loss, and premature ovarian insufficiency.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75694">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_75704"><div><strong>Lysinuric protein intolerance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75704</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268647</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) typically presents after an infant is weaned from breast milk or formula; variable findings include recurrent vomiting and episodes of diarrhea, episodes of stupor and coma after a protein-rich meal, poor feeding, aversion to protein-rich food, failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, and muscular hypotonia. Over time, findings include: poor growth, osteoporosis, involvement of the lungs (progressive interstitial changes, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis) and of the kidneys (progressive glomerular and proximal tubular disease), hematologic abnormalities (normochromic or hypochromic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, erythroblastophagocytosis in the bone marrow aspirate), and a clinical presentation resembling the hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophagic activation syndrome. Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and acute pancreatitis can also be seen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75704">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_137973"><div><strong>Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>137973</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0342637</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (HHC) is a heritable disorder of mineral homeostasis that is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with a high degree of penetrance. HHC is characterized biochemically by lifelong elevation of serum calcium concentrations and is associated with inappropriately low urinary calcium excretion and a normal or mildly elevated circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH; 168450) level. Hypermagnesemia is typically present. Individuals with HHC are usually asymptomatic and the disorder is considered benign. However, chondrocalcinosis and pancreatitis occur in some adults (summary by Hannan et al., 2010).&#13; Characteristic features of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia include mild to moderate hypercalcemia, nonsuppressed parathyroid hormone, relative hypocalciuria while hypercalcemic (calcium/creatinine clearance ratio less than 0.01, or 24-hr urine calcium less than 6.25 mmol), almost 100% penetrance of hypercalcemia from birth, absence of complications, persistence of hypercalcemia following subtotal parathyroidectomy, and normal parathyroid size, weight, and histology at surgery. However, atypical presentations with severe hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria with or without nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, kindreds with affected members displaying either hypercalciuria or hypocalciuria, postoperative normocalcemia, and pancreatitis have all been described in FHH (Warner et al., 2004).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia&#13; Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type II (HHC2; 145981) is caused by mutation in the GNA11 gene (139313) on chromosome 19p13, and HHC3 (600740) is caused by mutation in the AP2S1 gene (602242) on chromosome 19q13.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/137973">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_199606"><div><strong>Classic homocystinuria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>199606</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0751202</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Homocystinuria caused by cystathionine ß-synthase (CBS) deficiency is characterized by involvement of the eye (ectopia lentis and/or severe myopia), skeletal system (excessive height, long limbs, scolioisis, and pectus excavatum), vascular system (thromboembolism), and CNS (developmental delay/intellectual disability). All four ? or only one ? of the systems can be involved; expressivity is variable for all of the clinical signs. It is not unusual for a previously asymptomatic individual to present in adult years with only a thromboembolic event that is often cerebrovascular. Two phenotypic variants are recognized, B6-responsive homocystinuria and B6-non-responsive homocystinuria. B6-responsive homocystinuria is usually milder than the non-responsive variant. Thromboembolism is the major cause of early death and morbidity. IQ in individuals with untreated homocystinuria ranges widely, from 10 to 138. In B6-responsive individuals the mean IQ is 79 versus 57 for those who are B6-non-responsive. Other features that may occur include: seizures, psychiatric problems, extrapyramidal signs (e.g., dystonia), hypopigmentation of the skin and hair, malar flush, livedo reticularis, and pancreatitis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/199606">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_328375"><div><strong>Familial apolipoprotein C-II deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>328375</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1720779</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Clinically and biochemically, apoC-II deficiency closely simulates lipoprotein lipase deficiency, or hyperlipoproteinemia type I (238600), and is therefore referred to as hyperlipoproteinemia type IB.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/328375">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_354526"><div><strong>Familial partial lipodystrophy, Dunnigan type</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>354526</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1720860</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution beginning in late childhood or early adult life. Affected individuals gradually lose fat from the upper and lower extremities and the gluteal and truncal regions, resulting in a muscular appearance with prominent superficial veins. In some patients, adipose tissue accumulates on the face and neck, causing a double chin, fat neck, or cushingoid appearance. Metabolic abnormalities include insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus with acanthosis nigricans and hypertriglyceridemia; hirsutism and menstrual abnormalities occur infrequently. Familial partial lipodystrophy may also be referred to as lipoatrophic diabetes mellitus, but the essential feature is loss of subcutaneous fat (review by Garg, 2004).&#13; The disorder may be misdiagnosed as Cushing disease (see 219080) (Kobberling and Dunnigan, 1986; Garg, 2004).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Familial Partial Lipodystrophy&#13; Familial partial lipodystrophy is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. Types 1 and 2 were originally described as clinical subtypes: type 1 (FPLD1; 608600), characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat confined to the limbs (Kobberling et al., 1975), and FPLD2, characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat from the limbs and trunk (Dunnigan et al., 1974; Kobberling and Dunnigan, 1986). No genetic basis for FPLD1 has yet been delineated. FPLD3 (604367) is caused by mutation in the PPARG gene (601487) on chromosome 3p25; FPLD4 (613877) is caused by mutation in the PLIN1 gene (170290) on chromosome 15q26; FPLD5 (615238) is caused by mutation in the CIDEC gene (612120) on chromosome 3p25; FPLD6 (615980) is caused by mutation in the LIPE gene (151750) on chromosome 19q13; FPLD7 (606721) is caused by mutation in the CAV1 gene (601047) on chromosome 7q31; FPLD8 (620679), caused by mutation in the ADRA2A gene (104210) on chromosome 10q25; and FPLD9 (620683), caused by mutation in the PLAAT3 gene (613867) on chromosome 11q12.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/354526">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_322173"><div><strong>Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 3</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>322173</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1833372</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP2S1 gene.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/322173">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_374447"><div><strong>Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>374447</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1840347</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type II (HHC2) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by lifelong elevations of serum calcium concentrations with low urinary calcium excretion and normal circulating parathyroid hormone concentrations in most patients. Patients are generally asymptomatic (summary by Nesbit et al., 2013).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, see HHC1 (145980).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/374447">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_338045"><div><strong>Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 6 (hepatocerebral type)</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>338045</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1850406</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">MPV17-related mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance defect presents in the vast majority of affected individuals as an early-onset encephalohepatopathic (hepatocerebral) disease that is typically associated with mtDNA depletion, particularly in the liver. A later-onset neuromyopathic disease characterized by myopathy and neuropathy, and associated with multiple mtDNA deletions in muscle, has also rarely been described. MPV17-related mtDNA maintenance defect, encephalohepatopathic form is characterized by: Hepatic manifestations (liver dysfunction that typically progresses to liver failure, cholestasis, hepatomegaly, and steatosis); Neurologic involvement (developmental delay, hypotonia, microcephaly, and motor and sensory peripheral neuropathy); Gastrointestinal manifestations (gastrointestinal dysmotility, feeding difficulties, and failure to thrive); and Metabolic derangements (lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia). Less frequent manifestations include renal tubulopathy, nephrocalcinosis, and hypoparathyroidism. Progressive liver disease often leads to death in infancy or early childhood. Hepatocellular carcinoma has been reported.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/338045">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_344424"><div><strong>Methylmalonic aciduria due to methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>344424</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1855114</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">For this GeneReview, the term "isolated methylmalonic acidemia" refers to a group of inborn errors of metabolism associated with elevated methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentration in the blood and urine that result from the failure to isomerize (convert) methylmalonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) into succinyl-CoA during propionyl-CoA metabolism in the mitochondrial matrix, without hyperhomocysteinemia or homocystinuria, hypomethioninemia, or variations in other metabolites, such as malonic acid. Isolated MMA is caused by complete or partial deficiency of the enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (mut0 enzymatic subtype or mut enzymatic subtype, respectively), a defect in the transport or synthesis of its cofactor, 5-deoxy-adenosyl-cobalamin (cblA, cblB, or cblD-MMA), or deficiency of the enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase. Prior to the advent of newborn screening, common phenotypes included: Infantile/non-B12-responsive form (mut0 enzymatic subtype, cblB), the most common phenotype, associated with infantile-onset lethargy, tachypnea, hypothermia, vomiting, and dehydration on initiation of protein-containing feeds. Without appropriate treatment, the infantile/non-B12-responsive phenotype could rapidly progress to coma due to hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Partially deficient or B12-responsive phenotypes (mut enzymatic subtype, cblA, cblB [rare], cblD-MMA), in which symptoms occur in the first few months or years of life and are characterized by feeding problems, failure to thrive, hypotonia, and developmental delay marked by episodes of metabolic decompensation. Methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase deficiency, in which findings range from complete absence of symptoms to severe metabolic acidosis. Affected individuals can also develop ataxia, dysarthria, hypotonia, mild spastic paraparesis, and seizures. In those individuals diagnosed by newborn screening and treated from an early age, there appears to be decreased early mortality, less severe symptoms at diagnosis, favorable short-term neurodevelopmental outcome, and lower incidence of movement disorders and irreversible cerebral damage. However, secondary complications may still occur and can include intellectual disability, tubulointerstitial nephritis with progressive impairment of renal function, "metabolic stroke" (bilateral lacunar infarction of the basal ganglia during acute metabolic decompensation), pancreatitis, growth failure, functional immune impairment, bone marrow failure, optic nerve atrophy, arrhythmias and/or cardiomyopathy (dilated or hypertrophic), liver steatosis/fibrosis/cancer, and renal cancer.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/344424">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_383668"><div><strong>Maple syrup urine disease type 1A</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>383668</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1855369</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is categorized as classic (severe), intermediate, or intermittent. Neonates with classic MSUD are born asymptomatic but without treatment follow a predictable course: 1224 hours. Elevated concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and alloisoleucine, as well as a generalized disturbance of amino acid concentration ratios, are present in blood and the maple syrup odor can be detected in cerumen; Two to three days. Early and nonspecific signs of metabolic intoxication (i.e., irritability, hypersomnolence, anorexia) are accompanied by the presence of branched-chain alpha-ketoacids, acetoacetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate in urine; Four to six days. Worsening encephalopathy manifests as lethargy, apnea, opisthotonos, and reflexive "fencing" or "bicycling" movements as the sweet maple syrup odor becomes apparent in urine; Seven to ten days. Severe intoxication culminates in critical cerebral edema, coma, and central respiratory failure. Individuals with intermediate MSUD have partial branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase deficiency that manifests only intermittently or responds to dietary thiamine therapy; these individuals can experience severe metabolic intoxication and encephalopathy in the face of sufficient catabolic stress. In the era of newborn screening (NBS), the prompt initiation of treatment of asymptomatic infants detected by NBS means that most individuals who would have developed neonatal manifestations of MSUD remain asymptomatic with continued treatment adherence.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/383668">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_340886"><div><strong>Lipase deficiency, combined</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>340886</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1855498</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare disorder caused by mutation in the LMF1 gene resulting in combined lipase deficiency with concomitant hypertriglyceridemia and associated disorders.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/340886">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_350276"><div><strong>Citrullinemia type II</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>350276</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1863844</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Citrin deficiency can manifest in newborns or infants as neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD), in older children as failure to thrive and dyslipidemia caused by citrin deficiency (FTTDCD), and in adults as recurrent hyperammonemia with neuropsychiatric symptoms in citrullinemia type II (CTLN2). Often citrin deficiency is characterized by strong preference for protein-rich and/or lipid-rich foods and aversion to carbohydrate-rich foods. NICCD. Children younger than age one year have a history of low birth weight with growth restriction and transient intrahepatic cholestasis, hepatomegaly, diffuse fatty liver, and parenchymal cellular infiltration associated with hepatic fibrosis, variable liver dysfunction, hypoproteinemia, decreased coagulation factors, hemolytic anemia, and/or hypoglycemia. NICCD is generally not severe and symptoms often resolve by age one year with appropriate treatment, although liver transplantation has been required in rare instances. FTTDCD. Beyond age one year, many children with citrin deficiency develop a protein-rich and/or lipid-rich food preference and aversion to carbohydrate-rich foods. Clinical abnormalities may include growth restriction, hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, severe fatigue, anorexia, and impaired quality of life. Laboratory changes are dyslipidemia, increased lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, higher levels of urinary oxidative stress markers, and considerable deviation in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites. One or more decades later, some individuals with NICCD or FTTDCD develop CTLN2. CTLN2. Presentation is sudden and usually between ages 20 and 50 years. Manifestations are recurrent hyperammonemia with neuropsychiatric symptoms including nocturnal delirium, aggression, irritability, hyperactivity, delusions, disorientation, restlessness, drowsiness, loss of memory, flapping tremor, convulsive seizures, and coma. Symptoms are often provoked by alcohol and sugar intake, medication, and/or surgery. Affected individuals may or may not have a prior history of NICCD or FTTDCD.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/350276">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_355843"><div><strong>Pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, primary, 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>355843</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1864851</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE11A gene.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/355843">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_760527"><div><strong>Low phospholipid associated cholelithiasis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>760527</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2609268</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">In general, gallbladder disease (GBD) is one of the major digestive diseases. GBD prevalence is particularly high in some minority populations in the United States, including Native and Mexican Americans. Gallstones composed of cholesterol (cholelithiasis) are the common manifestations of GBD in western countries, including the United States. Most people with gallstones remain asymptomatic through their lifetimes; however, it is estimated that approximately 10 to 50% of individuals eventually develop symptoms. Significant risk factors associated with GBD are age, female sex, obesity (especially central obesity), lipids, diet, parity, type 2 diabetes (125853), medications, and Mexican American ethnicity. GBD appears to be strongly related to the metabolic syndrome (605552) and/or its major components, such as hyperinsulinism, dyslipidemia, and abdominal adiposity (Boland et al., 2002; Tsai et al., 2004). Infection, specifically by Helicobacter, has been implicated in cholelithiasis and cholecystitis (Silva et al., 2003; Maurer et al., 2005).&#13; Low phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis is a specific form of gallbladder disease characterized by young-adult onset of chronic cholestasis with intrahepatic sludge and cholesterol cholelithiasis. Affected individuals have recurrence of the disorder after cholecystectomy and show a favorable response to treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) (summary by Pasmant et al., 2012).&#13; Mutation in the ABCB4 gene can cause a spectrum of related diseases, including the more severe progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis-3 (PFIC3; 602347), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy-3 (ICP3; 614972), andoral contraceptive-induced cholestasis (OCIC; see 614972).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Gallbladder Disease&#13; Two major susceptibility loci for symptomatic gallbladder disease have been identified on chromosome 1p in Mexican Americans (GBD2, 609918; GBD3, 609919). In addition, variations in the ABCG8 gene (605460) on chromosome 2p21 confer susceptibility to gallbladder disease (GBD4; 611465).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/760527">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_415885"><div><strong>Glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type IA</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>415885</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2919796</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) is characterized by accumulation of glycogen and fat in the liver and kidneys resulting in hepatomegaly and nephromegaly. Severely affected infants present in the neonatal period with severe hypoglycemia due to fasting intolerance. More commonly, untreated infants present at age three to four months with hepatomegaly, severe hypoglycemia with or without seizures, lactic acidosis, hyperuricemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. Affected children typically have doll-like faces with full cheeks, relatively thin extremities, short stature, and a protuberant abdomen. Xanthoma and diarrhea may be present. Impaired platelet function and development of reduced or dysfunctional von Willebrand factor can lead to a bleeding tendency with frequent epistaxis and menorrhagia in females. Individuals with untreated GSD Ib are more likely to develop impaired neutrophil and monocyte function as well as chronic neutropenia resulting in recurrent bacterial infections, gingivitis, periodontitis, and genital and intestinal ulcers. Long-term complications of untreated GSD I include short stature, osteoporosis, delayed puberty, renal disease (including proximal and distal renal tubular acidosis, renal stones, and kidney failure), gout, systemic hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, hepatic adenomas with potential for malignancy, pancreatitis, and polycystic ovaries. Seizures and cognitive impairment may occur in individuals with prolonged periods of hypoglycemia. Normal growth and puberty are expected in treated children. Most affected individuals live into adulthood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/415885">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_863204"><div><strong>Hyperlipoproteinemia, type 1D</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>863204</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4014767</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hyperlipoproteinemia type ID is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by impaired clearance of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins in plasma, leading to severe hypertriglyceridemia (chylomicronemia). Clinical features include eruptive xanthomas, lipemia retinalis, hepatosplenomegaly, episodes of abdominal pain, and pancreatitis. Onset usually occurs in adulthood (summary by Brahm and Hegele, 2013).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of familial chylomicronemia, see 238600.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/863204">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_934674"><div><strong>Bardet-Biedl syndrome 20</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>934674</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4310707</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Bardet-Biedl syndrome-20 (BBS20), a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with ciliary dysfunction, is characterized by rod-cone dystrophy, postaxial polydactyly, truncal obesity, renal anomalies, and learning disability, as well as hypogonadism in males and genital abnormalities in females (Saida et al., 2014).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bardet-Biedl syndrome, see BBS1 (209900).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/934674">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1637492"><div><strong>Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1637492</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551899</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The phenotypic spectrum of ATP8B1 deficiency ranges from severe through moderate to mild. Severe ATP8B1 deficiency is characterized by infantile-onset cholestasis that progresses to cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and early death. Although mild-to-moderate ATP8B1 deficiency initially was thought to involve intermittent symptomatic cholestasis with a lack of hepatic fibrosis, it is now known that hepatic fibrosis may be present early in the disease course. Furthermore, in some persons with ATP8B1 deficiency the clinical findings can span the phenotypic spectrum, shifting over time from the mild end of the spectrum (episodic cholestasis) to the severe end of the spectrum (persistent cholestasis). Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is common across the phenotypic spectrum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1637492">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1648411"><div><strong>Mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 8</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1648411</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4748766</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1648411">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1710207"><div><strong>Triokinase and FMN cyclase deficiency syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1710207</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5394125</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Triokinase and FMN cyclase deficiency syndrome (TKFCD) is a multisystem disease with marked clinical variability, even intrafamilially. In addition to cataract and developmental delay of variable severity, other features may include liver dysfunction, microcytic anemia, and cerebellar hypoplasia. Fatal cardiomyopathy with lactic acidosis has been observed (Wortmann et al., 2020).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1710207">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1785391"><div><strong>Visceral myopathy 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1785391</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5542197</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">ACTG2 visceral myopathy is a disorder of smooth muscle dysfunction of the bladder and gastrointestinal system with phenotypic spectrum that ranges from mild to severe. Bladder involvement can range from neonatal megacystis and megaureter (with its most extreme form of prune belly syndrome) at the more severe end, to recurrent urinary tract infections and bladder dysfunction at the milder end. Intestinal involvement can range from malrotation, neonatal manifestations of microcolon, megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome, and chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIPO) in neonates at the more severe end to intermittent abdominal distention and functional intestinal obstruction at the milder end. Affected infants (with or without evidence of intestinal malrotation) often present with feeding intolerance and findings of non-mechanical bowel obstruction that persist after successful surgical correction of malrotation. Individuals who develop manifestations of CIPO in later childhood or adulthood often experience episodic waxing and waning of bowel motility. They may undergo frequent abdominal surgeries (perhaps related to malrotation or adhesions causing mechanical obstruction) resulting in resection of dilated segments of bowel, often becoming dependent on total parenteral nutrition (TPN).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1785391">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1780479"><div><strong>Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 52</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1780479</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5543592</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency-52 (COXPD52) is an autosomal recessive infantile mitochondrial complex II/III deficiency characterized by lactic acidemia, multiorgan system failure, and abnormal mitochondria. Intrafamilial variability has been reported (Farhan et al., 2014; Hershkovitz et al., 2021).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency, see COXPD1 (609060).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1780479">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1824032"><div><strong>Mitochondrial complex 3 deficiency, nuclear type 11</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1824032</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5774259</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 11 (MC3DN11) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of severe lactic acidosis, hyperammonemia, hypoglycemia, and encephalopathy (Vidali et al., 2021)&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of mitochondrial complex III deficiency, see MC3DN1 (124000).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1824032">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1841145"><div><strong>Neurodevelopmental disorder with intracranial hemorrhage, seizures, and spasticity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1841145</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5830509</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Neurodevelopmental disorder with intracranial hemorrhage, seizures, and spasticity (NEDIHSS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by prenatal or neonatal onset of intracranial hemorrhage, usually with ventriculomegaly and calcifications, resulting in parenchymal brain damage. Some affected individuals have symptoms incompatible with life and die in utero. Those that survive show profound global developmental delay with almost no motor or cognitive skills, hypotonia, spasticity, and seizures. Other features may include facial dysmorphism, retinal vascular abnormalities, and poor overall growth. The pathogenesis of the disease likely results from dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells in the brain (Lecca et al., 2023).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1841145">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1854360"><div><strong>Jeffries-Lakhani neurodevelopmental syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1854360</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5935596</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Jeffries-Lakhani neurodevelopmental syndrome (JELANS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypotonia, early-onset seizures, and global developmental delay apparent from infancy. Affected individuals have motor delay, speech delay, and impaired intellectual development, and about half of patients are nonambulatory and/or nonverbal. Some patients have cardiac arrhythmia, but congenital cardiac septal defects are only rarely observed. Additional features may include feeding difficulties, recurrent infections, ocular defects, and nonspecific dysmorphic features. Premature death due to cardiac arrhythmia or epilepsy may occur (Jeffries et al., 2024).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1854360">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_934674" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Bardet-Biedl syndrome 20</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_199606" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Classic homocystinuria</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1780479" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 52</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (30)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_41393" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cystic fibrosis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_328375" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial apolipoprotein C-II deficiency</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_137973" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 1</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_374447" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 2</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_322173" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 3</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_354526" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial partial lipodystrophy, Dunnigan type</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_78644" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Glucose-6-phosphate transport defect</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_415885" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type IA</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_116056" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hereditary pancreatitis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_863204" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperlipoproteinemia, type 1D</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1854360" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Jeffries-Lakhani neurodevelopmental syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_340886" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lipase deficiency, combined</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_760527" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Low phospholipid associated cholelithiasis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_75704" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lysinuric protein intolerance</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_383668" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Maple syrup urine disease type 1A</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_344424" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Methylmalonic aciduria due to methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1648411" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 8</a></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36074322">Acute Pancreatitis: Diagnosis and Treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Szatmary P,
Grammatikopoulos T,
Cai W,
Huang W,
Mukherjee R,
Halloran C,
Beyer G,
Sutton R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Drugs</span>
2022 Aug;82(12):1251-1276.
Epub 2022 Sep 8
doi: 10.1007/s40265-022-01766-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36074322" target="_blank">36074322</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9454414" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33357065">Pancreatic Cancer: A Review of Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhao Z,
Liu W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Technol Cancer Res Treat</span>
2020 Jan-Dec;19:1533033820962117.
doi: 10.1177/1533033820962117.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33357065" target="_blank">33357065</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7768873" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27007094">Clinical practice guideline: management of acute pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Greenberg JA,
Hsu J,
Bawazeer M,
Marshall J,
Friedrich JO,
Nathens A,
Coburn N,
May GR,
Pearsall E,
McLeod RS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Can J Surg</span>
2016 Apr;59(2):128-40.
doi: 10.1503/cjs.015015.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27007094" target="_blank">27007094</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4814287" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22pancreatitis%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (2673)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Curated<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpCurated"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3><h3 class="nl vspace"><a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng104" target="_blank">UK NICE Guideline NG104, Pancreatitis, 2020</a></h3>
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<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36096565">Management of Necrotizing Pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maatman TK,
Zyromski NJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Surg</span>
2022 Sep;56(1):13-35.
doi: 10.1016/j.yasu.2022.02.010.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36096565" target="_blank">36096565</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35277268">Acute pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Valverde-López F,
Martínez-Cara JG,
Redondo-Cerezo E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Clin (Barc)</span>
2022 Jun 10;158(11):556-563.
Epub 2022 Mar 8
doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2021.12.012.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35277268" target="_blank">35277268</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33496779">Acute Pancreatitis: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mederos MA,
Reber HA,
Girgis MD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
2021 Jan 26;325(4):382-390.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.20317.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33496779" target="_blank">33496779</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33197977">Paediatric pancreatic diseases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Coffey MJ,
Ooi CY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Paediatr Child Health</span>
2020 Nov;56(11):1694-1701.
doi: 10.1111/jpc.14688.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33197977" target="_blank">33197977</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25616312">Acute pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lankisch PG,
Apte M,
Banks PA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
2015 Jul 4;386(9988):85-96.
Epub 2015 Jan 21
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60649-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25616312" target="_blank">25616312</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pancreatitis%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (18849)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36096565">Management of Necrotizing Pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maatman TK,
Zyromski NJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Surg</span>
2022 Sep;56(1):13-35.
doi: 10.1016/j.yasu.2022.02.010.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36096565" target="_blank">36096565</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35277268">Acute pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Valverde-López F,
Martínez-Cara JG,
Redondo-Cerezo E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Clin (Barc)</span>
2022 Jun 10;158(11):556-563.
Epub 2022 Mar 8
doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2021.12.012.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35277268" target="_blank">35277268</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34398718">Acute Pancreatitis in Children.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Afzal S,
Kleinhenz J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Ann</span>
2021 Aug;50(8):e330-e335.
Epub 2021 Aug 1
doi: 10.3928/19382359-20210713-01.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34398718" target="_blank">34398718</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33556276">Acute Pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gardner TB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Intern Med</span>
2021 Feb;174(2):ITC17-ITC32.
Epub 2021 Feb 9
doi: 10.7326/AITC202102160.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33556276" target="_blank">33556276</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27007094">Clinical practice guideline: management of acute pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Greenberg JA,
Hsu J,
Bawazeer M,
Marshall J,
Friedrich JO,
Nathens A,
Coburn N,
May GR,
Pearsall E,
McLeod RS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Can J Surg</span>
2016 Apr;59(2):128-40.
doi: 10.1503/cjs.015015.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27007094" target="_blank">27007094</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4814287" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pancreatitis%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (20056)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31888796">The Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Parhofer KG,
Laufs U</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dtsch Arztebl Int</span>
2019 Dec 6;116(49):825-832.
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0825.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31888796" target="_blank">31888796</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6962767" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28957862">Triglyceride-lowering trials.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Keech AC,
Jenkins AJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Lipidol</span>
2017 Dec;28(6):477-487.
doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000465.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28957862" target="_blank">28957862</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28838972">Acute pancreatitis: recent advances through randomised trials.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">van Dijk SM,
Hallensleben NDL,
van Santvoort HC,
Fockens P,
van Goor H,
Bruno MJ,
Besselink MG;
Dutch Pancreatitis Study Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gut</span>
2017 Nov;66(11):2024-2032.
Epub 2017 Aug 24
doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313595.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28838972" target="_blank">28838972</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23075598">Nutrition in pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McClave SA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">World Rev Nutr Diet</span>
2013;105:160-168.
Epub 2012 Oct 12
doi: 10.1159/000341293.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23075598" target="_blank">23075598</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16127953">Management of gallstones.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bellows CF,
Berger DH,
Crass RA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am Fam Physician</span>
2005 Aug 15;72(4):637-42.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16127953" target="_blank">16127953</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pancreatitis%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (13437)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34089654">Diabetes following acute pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hart PA,
Bradley D,
Conwell DL,
Dungan K,
Krishna SG,
Wyne K,
Bellin MD,
Yadav D,
Andersen DK,
Serrano J,
Papachristou GI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol</span>
2021 Aug;6(8):668-675.
Epub 2021 Jun 3
doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00019-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34089654" target="_blank">34089654</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8277724" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30776347">Current Concepts in Severe Acute and Necrotizing Pancreatitis: An Evidence-Based Approach.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Trikudanathan G,
Wolbrink DRJ,
van Santvoort HC,
Mallery S,
Freeman M,
Besselink MG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastroenterology</span>
2019 May;156(7):1994-2007.e3.
Epub 2019 Feb 15
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.01.269.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30776347" target="_blank">30776347</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28404111">Global incidence and mortality of pancreatic diseases: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of population-based cohort studies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Xiao AY,
Tan ML,
Wu LM,
Asrani VM,
Windsor JA,
Yadav D,
Petrov MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol</span>
2016 Sep;1(1):45-55.
Epub 2016 Jun 28
doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(16)30004-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28404111" target="_blank">28404111</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22314811">Drug-induced pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nitsche C,
Maertin S,
Scheiber J,
Ritter CA,
Lerch MM,
Mayerle J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Gastroenterol Rep</span>
2012 Apr;14(2):131-8.
doi: 10.1007/s11894-012-0245-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22314811" target="_blank">22314811</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16093767">Acute pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pandol SJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Gastroenterol</span>
2005 Sep;21(5):538-43.
doi: 10.1097/01.mog.0000174221.92708.50.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16093767" target="_blank">16093767</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pancreatitis%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (11500)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37899784">Acute pancreatitis: A review of diagnosis, severity prediction and prognosis assessment from imaging technology, scoring system and artificial intelligence.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hu JX,
Zhao CF,
Wang SL,
Tu XY,
Huang WB,
Chen JN,
Xie Y,
Chen CR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">World J Gastroenterol</span>
2023 Oct 7;29(37):5268-5291.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i37.5268.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37899784" target="_blank">37899784</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10600804" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35744050">Predicting Severity of Acute Pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee DW,
Cho CM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Medicina (Kaunas)</span>
2022 Jun 11;58(6)
doi: 10.3390/medicina58060787.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35744050" target="_blank">35744050</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9227091" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30776347">Current Concepts in Severe Acute and Necrotizing Pancreatitis: An Evidence-Based Approach.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Trikudanathan G,
Wolbrink DRJ,
van Santvoort HC,
Mallery S,
Freeman M,
Besselink MG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastroenterology</span>
2019 May;156(7):1994-2007.e3.
Epub 2019 Feb 15
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.01.269.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30776347" target="_blank">30776347</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30716320">Pancreatitis in Children.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Uc A,
Husain SZ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastroenterology</span>
2019 May;156(7):1969-1978.
Epub 2019 Feb 1
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.12.043.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30716320" target="_blank">30716320</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6730664" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12297754">EUS and chronic pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sahai AV</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastrointest Endosc</span>
2002 Oct;56(4 Suppl):S76-81.
doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(02)70091-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12297754" target="_blank">12297754</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pancreatitis%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (10318)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37074693">Etiology, Diagnosis, and Modern Management of Chronic Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cohen SM,
Kent TS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Surg</span>
2023 Jun 1;158(6):652-661.
doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2023.0367.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37074693" target="_blank">37074693</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35945698">Clinical Practice Guideline—Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Beyer G,
Hoffmeister A,
Lorenz P,
Lynen P,
Lerch MM,
Mayerle J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dtsch Arztebl Int</span>
2022 Jul 25;119(29-30):495-501.
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0223.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35945698" target="_blank">35945698</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9669327" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35081380">Prevention and Management of Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Acute Pancreatitis During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gupta M,
Liti B,
Barrett C,
Thompson PD,
Fernandez AB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med</span>
2022 Jun;135(6):709-714.
Epub 2022 Jan 23
doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.12.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35081380" target="_blank">35081380</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34571026">Global Incidence of Acute Pancreatitis Is Increasing Over Time: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iannuzzi JP,
King JA,
Leong JH,
Quan J,
Windsor JW,
Tanyingoh D,
Coward S,
Forbes N,
Heitman SJ,
Shaheen AA,
Swain M,
Buie M,
Underwood FE,
Kaplan GG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastroenterology</span>
2022 Jan;162(1):122-134.
Epub 2021 Sep 25
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.09.043.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34571026" target="_blank">34571026</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30531242">Hypertriglyceridemia-Associated Drug-Induced Acute Pancreatitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elkhouly MA,
Salazar MJ,
Simons-Linares CR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pancreas</span>
2019 Jan;48(1):22-35.
doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000001190.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30531242" target="_blank">30531242</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pancreatitis%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (842)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0030305%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (6)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0030305%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (7)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0030305%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (1)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0030305%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (8)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Pancreatitis" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22pancreatitis%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Pancreatitis%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul><h3 class="subhead">Curated</h3><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng104">NICE, 2020</a><div>UK NICE Guideline NG104, Pancreatitis, 2020</div></li></ul></div>
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