nih-gov/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/124337

1294 lines
No EOL
165 KiB
XML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<!-- meta -->
<meta name="keywords" content="C0268595, disease or syndrome, ga 1, ga i, ga i - glutaric aciduria type 1, ga1, gcdh, gcdh-gene related glutaryl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase deficiency, gcdhd, glutaric acidemia 1, glutaric acidemia i, glutaric acidemia type 1, glutaric acidemia type i, glutaric acidemia, type 1, glutaric aciduria 1, glutaric aciduria i, glutaric aciduria type 1, glutaric aciduria type i, glutaric aciduria, type 1, glutaricacidemia type 1, glutaricaciduria, type i, glutaryl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency, glutaryl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase deficiency, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="The phenotypic spectrum of untreated glutaric acidemia type 1 (GA-1) ranges from the more common form (infantile-onset disease) to the less common form (later-onset disease i.e., after age 6 years). Of note, the GA-1 phenotype can vary widely between untreated family members with the same genotype, primarily as a function of the age at which the first acute encephalopathic crisis occurred: three months to six years in infantile-onset GA-1 and after age six years in later-onset GA-1. Characteristically these crises result in acute bilateral striatal injury and subsequent complex movement disorders. In the era of newborn screening (NBS), the prompt initiation of treatment of asymptomatic infants detected by NBS means that most individuals who would have developed manifestations of either infantile-onset or later-onset GA-1 remain asymptomatic; however, they may be at increased risk for other manifestations (e.g., renal disease) that are becoming apparent as the understanding of the natural history of treated GA-1 continues to evolve." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
<meta name="ncbi_app" content="entrez" /><meta name="ncbi_db" content="medgen" /><meta name="ncbi_report" content="fullreport" /><meta name="ncbi_format" content="html" /><meta name="ncbi_pagesize" content="20" /><meta name="ncbi_sortorder" content="default" /><meta name="ncbi_pageno" content="1" /><meta name="ncbi_resultcount" content="1" /><meta name="ncbi_op" content="retrieve" /><meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="fullreport" /><meta name="ncbi_sessionid" content="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID" /><meta name="ncbi_uidlist" content="124337" /><meta name="ncbi_filter" content="clinical" /><meta name="ncbi_stat" content="false" /><meta name="ncbi_hitstat" content="false" />
<!-- title -->
<title>Glutaric aciduria, type 1 (Concept Id: C0268595)
- MedGen - NCBI</title>
<!-- Common JS and CSS -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var ncbi_startTime = new Date();
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://static.pubmed.gov/core/jig/1.15.10/js/jig.min.js"></script>
<link xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4218191/css/4207974/4206132.css" xml:base="http://127.0.0.1/sites/static/header_footer/" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico" /><meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8D0A8E7D629C2100000000004E0044.m_31" /><script type="text/javascript"><!--
var ScriptPath = '/portal/';
var objHierarchy = {"name":"EntrezSystem2","type":"Layout","realname":"EntrezSystem2",
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez",
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.DbConnector","shortname":"DbConnector"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.ParamContainer","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.ParamContainer","shortname":"ParamContainer"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MyNcbi","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.MyNcbi","shortname":"MyNcbi"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.UserPreferenceUrlParamContainer","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.UserPreferenceUrlParamContainer","shortname":"UserPreferenceUrlParamContainer"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.GridProperty","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.PEntrez.GridProperty","shortname":"GridProperty"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen",
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NoPortlet","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NoPortlet","shortname":"NoPortlet"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_PageController","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_PageController","shortname":"MedGen_PageController"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_SearchBar","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_SearchBar","shortname":"MedGen_SearchBar"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_BotRequest","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_BotRequest","shortname":"MedGen_BotRequest"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_LimitsTab","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_LimitsTab","shortname":"MedGen_LimitsTab"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Facets","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.Entrez_Facets","shortname":"Entrez_Facets"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Clipboard","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.Entrez_Clipboard","shortname":"Entrez_Clipboard"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_StaticParts","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_StaticParts","shortname":"MedGen_StaticParts"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Messages","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.Entrez_Messages","shortname":"Entrez_Messages"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NcbiJSCheck","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NcbiJSCheck","shortname":"NcbiJSCheck"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic",
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.Footer_ExtraData","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.Footer_ExtraData","shortname":"Footer_ExtraData"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic",
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIBreadcrumbs","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIBreadcrumbs","shortname":"NCBIBreadcrumbs"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIHelpDesk","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIHelpDesk","shortname":"NCBIHelpDesk"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIApplog_NoScript_Ping","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.Entrez_Database.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIFooter_dynamic.NCBIApplog_NoScript_Ping","shortname":"NCBIApplog_NoScript_Ping"}]}]},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel",
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.blankToolPanel","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.blankToolPanel","shortname":"blankToolPanel"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController","shortname":"MedGen_ResultsController"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_FiltersPortlet","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_FiltersPortlet","shortname":"MedGen_FiltersPortlet"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_Pager","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.Entrez_Pager","shortname":"Entrez_Pager"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar","shortname":"MedGen_DisplayBar"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HelpFormAttributes","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.HelpFormAttributes","shortname":"HelpFormAttributes"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_Collections","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.Entrez_Collections","shortname":"Entrez_Collections"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.SpellCheck","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.SpellCheck","shortname":"SpellCheck"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.SearchEngineReferralCheck","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.SearchEngineReferralCheck","shortname":"SearchEngineReferralCheck"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.WrongDbSensor","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.WrongDbSensor","shortname":"WrongDbSensor"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.KnowledgePanel","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.KnowledgePanel","shortname":"KnowledgePanel"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay","shortname":"HistoryDisplay"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Discovery_SearchDetails","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.Entrez_ResultsPanel.Discovery_SearchDetails","shortname":"Discovery_SearchDetails"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.mg_GeneSensor","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.mg_GeneSensor","shortname":"mg_GeneSensor"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ClinFeatureSearch","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ClinFeatureSearch","shortname":"MedGen_ClinFeatureSearch"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_RVFull","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_RVFull","shortname":"MedGen_RVFull"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster","type":"Cluster","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster",
"children":[{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks","shortname":"MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGen_SingleItemSupl","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGen_SingleItemSupl","shortname":"MedGen_SingleItemSupl"},
{"name":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews","type":"Portlet","realname":"EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews","shortname":"MedGenReviews"}]}]}]}]}]};
--></script>
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/css/3808861/3917732/3974050/3751656/3395415/4221762/14534/4062871/4186458/4075711/12930/4033350/4128070/3861632/4013176/4212357/4064428/4186491/9685/2279/3395586.css" /><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/css/3501913/1303451.css" media="print" /><script type="text/javascript">
var ObjectLinks=[{i:0, ename: "p$ExL", esid:"*", sname: "p$ExL", ssid:"*", dname:"p$el", dsid:"0",m:"CopyValue",p:[],f: function(src, dst) {fn_CopyValue(src, dst);}}]
var ActiveNames = {"p$ExL":1, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Cmd":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Db":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.IdsFromResult":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastDb":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastIdsFromResult":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastQueryKey":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastTabCmd":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkName":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkReadableName":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkSrcDb":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.QueryKey":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.TabCmd":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Term":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_PageController.PreviousPageName":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Cmd":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryOn":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Shutter":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Display":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.FFormat":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.FileFormat":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Format":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastFormat":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastPageSize":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastPresentation":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PageSize":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Presentation":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevPageSize":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevPresentation":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevSort":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendTo":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendToSubmit":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SetDisplay":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.sPresentation":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController.ResultCount":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController.RunLastQuery":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks.Shutter":0, "EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews.Shutter":0};
</script></head>
<body>
<div class="grid">
<div class="col twelve_col nomargin shadow">
<form enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" name="EntrezForm" method="post" onsubmit="return false;" action="/medgen" id="EntrezForm">
<div xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<!-- no javascript message -->
<noscript>
<p class="nojs">
<strong>Warning:</strong>
The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function.
<a href="/guide/browsers/#enablejs" title="Learn how to enable JavaScript" target="_blank">more...</a>
</p>
</noscript>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="universal_header" xml:base="http://127.0.0.1/sites/static/header_footer/">
<section class="usa-banner">
<div class="usa-accordion">
<header class="usa-banner-header">
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" />
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
<button class="non-usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-top" type="button">
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
</button>
</div>
</header>
<div class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content" id="gov-banner-top" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" alt="Dot gov" />
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
<p>
<strong>The .gov means it's official.</strong>
<br />
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal
government site.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg" alt="Https" />
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
<p>
<strong>The site is secure.</strong>
<br />
The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
and transmitted securely.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
<header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header">
<div class="usa-grid">
<div class="usa-width-one-whole">
<div class="ncbi-header__logo">
<a href="/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo">
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="ncbi-header__account">
<a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a>
<button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none" aria-controls="account_popup" type="button">
<span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20px" height="20px">
<g style="fill: #fff">
<ellipse cx="12" cy="8" rx="5" ry="6"></ellipse>
<path d="M21.8,19.1c-0.9-1.8-2.6-3.3-4.8-4.2c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.2-1.8,0.1c-1,0.6-2,0.9-3.2,0.9s-2.2-0.3-3.2-0.9 C8.3,14.8,7.6,14.7,7,15c-2.2,0.9-3.9,2.4-4.8,4.2C1.5,20.5,2.6,22,4.1,22h15.8C21.4,22,22.5,20.5,21.8,19.1z"></path>
</g>
</svg>
</span>
<span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Show account info</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="ncbi-popup-anchor">
<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu" type="button">
<span class="fa fa-times">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48" width="24px" height="24px">
<path d="M38 12.83l-2.83-2.83-11.17 11.17-11.17-11.17-2.83 2.83 11.17 11.17-11.17 11.17 2.83 2.83 11.17-11.17 11.17 11.17 2.83-2.83-11.17-11.17z"></path>
</svg>
</span>
<span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
<h4>Account</h4>
</div>
<div class="account-user-info">
Logged in as:<br />
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
</div>
<div class="account-links">
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
</div>
<section data-section="Alerts">
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
</section>
</div>
<div class="header">
<!-- logo -->
<div class="res_logo" id="gene-top">
<h1 class="res_name"><a href="/medgen">MedGen</a></h1>
<h2 class="res_tagline">National Center for Biotechnology Information</h2>
</div>
<!-- SearchBar -->
<div class="search"><div class="search_form"><label for="database" class="offscreen_noflow">Search database</label><select id="database"><optgroup label="Recent"><option value="pubmed" data-ac_dict="pm_related_queries_2">PubMed</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="books">Books</option><option value="medgen" selected="selected" class="last" data-ac_dict="medgen_disease_name">MedGen</option></optgroup><optgroup label="All"><option value="gquery">All Databases</option><option value="assembly">Assembly</option><option value="biocollections">Biocollections</option><option value="bioproject">BioProject</option><option value="biosample">BioSample</option><option value="books">Books</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="cdd">Conserved Domains</option><option value="gap">dbGaP</option><option value="dbvar">dbVar</option><option value="gene">Gene</option><option value="genome">Genome</option><option value="gds">GEO DataSets</option><option value="geoprofiles">GEO Profiles</option><option value="gtr">GTR</option><option value="ipg">Identical Protein Groups</option><option value="medgen" data-ac_dict="medgen_disease_name">MedGen</option><option value="mesh" data-ac_dict="mesh_suggestions">MeSH</option><option value="nlmcatalog">NLM Catalog</option><option value="nuccore">Nucleotide</option><option value="omim">OMIM</option><option value="pmc">PMC</option><option value="protein">Protein</option><option value="proteinclusters">Protein Clusters</option><option value="protfam">Protein Family Models</option><option value="pcassay">PubChem BioAssay</option><option value="pccompound">PubChem Compound</option><option value="pcsubstance">PubChem Substance</option><option value="pubmed" data-ac_dict="pm_related_queries_2">PubMed</option><option value="snp">SNP</option><option value="sra">SRA</option><option value="structure">Structure</option><option value="taxonomy">Taxonomy</option><option value="toolkit">ToolKit</option><option value="toolkitall">ToolKitAll</option><option value="toolkitbookgh">ToolKitBookgh</option></optgroup></select><div class="nowrap"><label for="term" class="offscreen_noflow" accesskey="/">Search term</label><div class="nowrap"><input type="text" name="term" id="term" title="Search MedGen. Use up and down arrows to choose an item from the autocomplete." value="" class="jig-ncbiclearbutton jig-ncbiautocomplete" data-jigconfig="dictionary:'medgen_disease_name',disableUrl:'NcbiSearchBarAutoComplCtrl'" autocomplete="off" data-sbconfig="ds:'no',pjs:'yes',afs:'yes'" /></div><button id="search" type="submit" class="button_search nowrap" cmd="go">Search</button></div></div><ul class="searchlinks inline_list"><set></set><li><a sid="1" href="/medgen/limits">Limits</a></li><li><a href="/medgen/advanced">Advanced</a></li><li class="help"><a id="help" class="jig-ncbihelpwindow" target="ncbihelp" name="help" href="/medgen/docs/help">Help</a></li></ul></div>
</div>
<input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_PageController.PreviousPageName" sid="1" type="hidden" value="results" />
<div id="maincontent" class="col nine_col">
<div class="content">
<div>
</div>
<div class="results_settings one_setting"><ul class="inline_list left display_settings"><li><a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Display" sid="0" href="#" class="jig-ncbipopper" data-jigconfig="triggerPosition : 'bottom center',destPosition : 'top center',destSelector : '#display_settings_menu_report', hasArrow : false,openEvent : 'click',closeEvent : 'click',isTriggerElementCloseClick: false,addCloseButton : false, groupName: 'entrez_pg'" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Display">Full Report<span href="#" class="tgt_dark"></span></a></li></ul><div id="display_settings_menu_report" class="disp_settings tabPopper"><fieldset class="format"><legend>Format</legend><ul class="column_list"><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.sPresentation" sid="1" value="FullReport" format="" id="FullReport" checked="true" /><label for="FullReport">Full Report</label></li><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.sPresentation" sid="2" value="FullReport" format="text" id="FullReporttext" /><label for="FullReporttext">Summary (Text)</label></li><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.sPresentation" sid="3" value="XML" format="text" id="XMLtext" /><label for="XMLtext">Summary (XML)</label></li></ul></fieldset></div><button name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SetDisplay" sid="1" class="button_apply ncbipopper-close-button" style="display:none">Apply</button><h4 class="content_header send_to align_right jig-ncbipopper" id="sendto" data-jigconfig="triggerPosition:'bottom center', destPosition : 'top center',destSelector : '#send_to_menu', hasArrow : false, openEvent : 'click',closeEvent : 'click', isTriggerElementCloseClick: false, addCloseButton:true, groupName: 'entrez_pg', adjustFit:'none'"><a href="#" sourceContent="send_to_menu" class="tgt_dark">Send to:</a><script type="text/javascript">
jQuery(document).ready( function () {
jQuery("#send_to_menu input[type='radio']").click( function () {
var selectedValue = jQuery(this).val().toLowerCase();
var selectedDiv = jQuery("#send_to_menu div." + selectedValue);
if(selectedDiv.is(":hidden")){
jQuery("#send_to_menu div.submenu:visible").slideUp();
selectedDiv.slideDown();
}
});
});
jQuery("#sendto").bind("ncbipopperclose", function(){
jQuery("#send_to_menu div.submenu:visible").css("display","none");
jQuery("#send_to_menu input[type='radio']:checked").attr("checked",false);
});
</script></h4><div id="send_to_menu" class="tabPopper send_to"><fieldset><legend>Choose Destination</legend><ul class="column_list"><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendTo" sid="1" value="File" id="dest_File" /><label for="dest_File">File</label></li><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendTo" sid="2" value="AddToClipboard" id="dest_AddToClipboard" /><label for="dest_AddToClipboard">Clipboard</label></li><li><input type="radio" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendTo" sid="3" value="AddToCollections" id="dest_AddToCollections" /><label for="dest_AddToCollections">Collections</label></li></ul></fieldset><div class="submenu file" id="submenu_File" style="display: none;"><p id="submenu_File_hint" class="hidden"></p><ul><li><label for="file_format">Format</label><select id="file_format" name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.FFormat" sid="1"><option value="FullReport" format="text" selected="selected">Summary (Text)</option><option value="XML" format="text">Summary (XML)</option></select></li></ul><button name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendToSubmit" sid="1" class="button_apply file ncbipopper-close-button" type="submit" cmd="File">Create File</button></div><div class="submenu addtoclipboard" id="submenu_AddToClipboard" style="display: none;"><p id="submenu_AddToClipboard_hint" class="hidden"></p><button name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendToSubmit" sid="2" class="button_apply clipboard ncbipopper-close-button" type="submit" cmd="AddToClipboard">Add to Clipboard</button></div><div class="submenu addtocollections" id="submenu_AddToCollections" style="display: none;"><p id="submenu_AddToCollections_hint" class="hidden"></p><button name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.SendToSubmit" sid="3" class="button_apply collections ncbipopper-close-button" type="submit" cmd="AddToCollections">Add to Collections</button></div></div><div><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.FileFormat" sid="1" type="hidden" value="FullReport" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastPresentation" sid="1" type="hidden" value="FullReport" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Presentation" sid="1" type="hidden" value="FullReport" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PageSize" sid="1" type="hidden" value="20" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastPageSize" sid="1" type="hidden" value="20" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.Format" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.LastFormat" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevPageSize" sid="1" type="hidden" value="20" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevPresentation" sid="1" type="hidden" value="FullReport" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_DisplayBar.PrevSort" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input type="hidden" id="coll_startindex" name="CollectionStartIndex" value="1" /></div></div>
<div class="">
<div><span id="result_sel" class="nowrap"></span><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController.ResultCount" sid="1" type="hidden" id="resultcount" value="1" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_ResultsController.RunLastQuery" sid="1" type="hidden" /></div>
</div>
<div id="messagearea" class="empty">
</div>
<div><div class="rprt full-rprt"><div class="portlet" style="border-top-style: none; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0.2em;">
<!--
UID=124337
ConceptID=C0268595
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Glutaric aciduria, type 1<span class="h1sub">(GA1)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>124337</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268595</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>GA I; Glutaric acidemia type 1; Glutaric acidemia type I; Glutaricacidemia Type 1; Glutaricaciduria, type I; Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Glutaryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (360416003); Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (360416003); Glutaric acidemia type 1 (360416003); Glutaric aciduria type 1 (360416003); GA I - glutaric aciduria type 1 (360416003); GCDH-gene related glutaryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (360416003)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141025"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141025</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0441748</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).</div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141025" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="GCDH - ID: 2639 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/2639" class="medgenPMinfo">GCDH</a> (19p13.13)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0009281" target="_blank">MONDO:0009281</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/231670" target="_blank">231670</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=25">ORPHA25</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_101">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Disease_characteristics">Disease characteristics</h1><a sid="101" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="excerpt">Excerpted from the <i>GeneReview: </i><a href="/books/NBK546575" target="_blank">Glutaric Acidemia Type 1</a></div><div>The phenotypic spectrum of untreated glutaric acidemia type 1 (GA-1) ranges from the more common form (infantile-onset disease) to the less common form (later-onset disease i.e., after age 6 years). Of note, the GA-1 phenotype can vary widely between untreated family members with the same genotype, primarily as a function of the age at which the first acute encephalopathic crisis occurred: three months to six years in infantile-onset GA-1 and after age six years in later-onset GA-1. Characteristically these crises result in acute bilateral striatal injury and subsequent complex movement disorders. In the era of newborn screening (NBS), the prompt initiation of treatment of asymptomatic infants detected by NBS means that most individuals who would have developed manifestations of either infantile-onset or later-onset GA-1 remain asymptomatic; however, they may be at increased risk for other manifestations (e.g., renal disease) that are becoming apparent as the understanding of the natural history of treated GA-1 continues to evolve. [from <a title="GeneReviews" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116" class="defSource" target="_blank">GeneReviews</a>]</div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Full text of <i>GeneReview</i> (by section):</strong><br /><a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Summary" target="NBK546575">Summary</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Diagnosis" target="NBK546575">Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Clinical_Characteristics" target="NBK546575">Clinical Characteristics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Genetically_Related_Allelic" target="NBK546575">Genetically Related (Allelic) Disorders</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Differential_Diagnosis" target="NBK546575">Differential Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Management" target="NBK546575">Management</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Genetic_Counseling" target="NBK546575">Genetic Counseling</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Resources" target="NBK546575">Resources</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Molecular_Genetics" target="NBK546575">Molecular Genetics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.Chapter_Notes" target="NBK546575">Chapter Notes</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK546575#glutaric-a1.References" target="NBK546575">References</a></div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Authors:</strong><br />
Austin Larson  |  Steve Goodman   <a href="/books/NBK546575" target="NBK546575" title="NCBI Bookshelf: Glutaric Acidemia Type 1">view full author information</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_descriptions">Additional descriptions</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From OMIM</strong><br />Glutaric acidemia I (GA1) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by gliosis and neuronal loss in the basal ganglia and a progressive movement disorder that usually begins during the first year of life (Goodman et al., 1995).&#13;
Hedlund et al. (2006) provided a detailed review of the clinical and biochemical aspects of glutaric acidemia I.  <a target="_blank" href="http://www.omim.org/entry/231670">http://www.omim.org/entry/231670</a></div><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />Glutaric acidemia type I (also called glutaric aciduria type I) is an inherited disorder in which the body is unable to process certain proteins properly. It is classified as an organic acid disorder, which is a condition that leads to an abnormal buildup of particular acids known as organic acids. Abnormal levels of organic acids in the blood (organic acidemia), urine (organic aciduria), and tissues can be toxic and can cause serious health problems.<br /><br />People with glutaric acidemia type I have inadequate levels of an enzyme that helps break down the amino acids lysine, hydroxylysine, and tryptophan, which are building blocks of protein. Excessive levels of these amino acids and their intermediate breakdown products can accumulate and cause damage to the brain, particularly the basal ganglia, which are regions that help control movement. Intellectual disability may also occur.<br /><br />The severity of glutaric acidemia type I varies widely; some individuals are only mildly affected, while others have severe problems. In most cases, signs and symptoms first occur in infancy or early childhood, but in a small number of affected individuals, the disorder first becomes apparent in adolescence or adulthood.<br /><br />Some babies with glutaric acidemia type I are born with unusually large heads (macrocephaly). Affected individuals may have difficulty moving and may experience spasms, jerking, rigidity, or decreased muscle tone. Some individuals with glutaric acidemia have developed bleeding in the brain or eyes that could be mistaken for the effects of child abuse. Strict dietary control may help limit progression of the neurological damage. Stress caused by infection, fever or other demands on the body may lead to worsening of the signs and symptoms, with only partial recovery.  <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/glutaric-acidemia-type-i">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/glutaric-acidemia-type-i</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_56402"><div><strong>Ketonuria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>56402</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0162275</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">High levels of ketone bodies (acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and acetone) in the urine. Ketone bodies are insignificant in the blood and urine of normal individuals in the postprandial or overnight-fasted state.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/56402">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ketonuria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2056402%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_75695"><div><strong>Glutaric aciduria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75695</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268594</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The concentration of glutaric acid in the urine, normalized for urine concentration, is above the upper limit of normal.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75695">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Glutaric%20aciduria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2075695%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1841727"><div><strong>Elevated urine 3-hydroxyglutaric level</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1841727</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5826565</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The concentration of 3-hydroxyglutaric acid in the urine, normalized for urine concentration, is above the upper limit of normal.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1841727">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20urine%203-hydroxyglutaric%20level%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201841727%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6775"><div><strong>Subdural hemorrhage</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6775</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0018946</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hemorrhage occurring between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6775">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Subdural%20hemorrhage%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206775%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_746019"><div><strong>Failure to thrive</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>746019</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2315100</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/746019">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Failure%20to%20thrive%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20746019%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42428"><div><strong>Hepatomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019209</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased size of the liver.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_3940"><div><strong>Dystonic disorder</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>3940</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0013421</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally increased muscular tone that causes fixed abnormal postures. There is a slow, intermittent twisting motion that leads to exaggerated turning and posture of the extremities and trunk.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/3940">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dystonic%20disorder%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%203940%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9335"><div><strong>Hydrocephalus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9335</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020255</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9335">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hydrocephalus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209335%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_44181"><div><strong>Spastic diplegia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>44181</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0023882</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Spasticity (neuromuscular hypertonia) primarily in the muscles of the legs, hips, and pelvis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/44181">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spastic%20diplegia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2044181%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_20693"><div><strong>Seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>20693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0036572</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/20693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2020693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_39313"><div><strong>Choreoathetosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>39313</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0085583</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Involuntary movements characterized by both athetosis (inability to sustain muscles in a fixed position) and chorea (widespread jerky arrhythmic movements).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/39313">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Choreoathetosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2039313%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_39314"><div><strong>Encephalopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>39314</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0085584</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Encephalopathy is a term that means brain disease, damage, or malfunction. In general, encephalopathy is manifested by an altered mental state.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/39314">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Encephalopathy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2039314%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_56246"><div><strong>Opisthotonus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>56246</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151818</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/56246">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Opisthotonus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2056246%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_116012"><div><strong>Cerebral atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116012</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235946</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Atrophy (wasting, decrease in size of cells or tissue) affecting the cerebrum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116012">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebral%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20116012%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_105318"><div><strong>Delayed speech and language development</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>105318</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0454644</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A degree of language development that is significantly below the norm for a child of a specified age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/105318">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Delayed%20speech%20and%20language%20development%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20105318%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107838"><div><strong>Global developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107838</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0557874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107838">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Global%20developmental%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107838%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107860"><div><strong>Inability to walk</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107860</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0560046</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Incapability to ambulate.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107860">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Inability%20to%20walk%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107860%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_224930"><div><strong>Acute encephalopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>224930</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1306587</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A life-threatening disorder characterized by delirium, seizures, and neuromuscular changes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/224930">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Acute%20encephalopathy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20224930%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_324613"><div><strong>Developmental regression</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>324613</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836830</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Loss of developmental skills, as manifested by loss of developmental milestones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/324613">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Developmental%20regression%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20324613%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_340737"><div><strong>Absent speech</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>340737</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1854882</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Complete lack of development of speech and language abilities.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/340737">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Absent%20speech%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20340737%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_343542"><div><strong>Infantile encephalopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>343542</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1856408</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Encephalopathy with onset in the infantile period.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/343542">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Infantile%20encephalopathy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20343542%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_383904"><div><strong>Lateral ventricle dilatation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>383904</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1856409</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/383904">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Lateral%20ventricle%20dilatation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20383904%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_397841"><div><strong>Irritability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>397841</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2700617</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A proneness to anger, i.e., a tendency to become easily bothered or annoyed.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen?term=%22Irritability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20397841%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_866575"><div><strong>Enlarged sylvian cistern</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>866575</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4020921</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increase in size of the subarachnoid space associated with the lateral cerebral sulcus (Sylvian fissure).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/866575">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Enlarged%20sylvian%20cistern%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20866575%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870524"><div><strong>Symmetrical progressive peripheral demyelination</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870524</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4024972</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A symmetric and progressive loss of myelin from the internode regions along myelinated nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870524">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Symmetrical%20progressive%20peripheral%20demyelination%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870524%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10133"><div><strong>Hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10133</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026827</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10133">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010133%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_7752"><div><strong>Rigidity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7752</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026837</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction. When an affected muscle is passively stretched, the degree of resistance remains constant regardless of the rate at which the muscle is stretched. This feature helps to distinguish rigidity from muscle spasticity.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7752">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Rigidity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%207752%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_346841"><div><strong>Generalized hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>346841</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1858120</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/346841">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Generalized%20hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20346841%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_745757"><div><strong>Macrocephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>745757</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2243051</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/745757">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Macrocephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20745757%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6979"><div><strong>Hypoglycemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6979</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020615</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A decreased concentration of glucose in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6979">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoglycemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206979%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_7206"><div><strong>Ketosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7206</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0022638</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Presence of elevated levels of ketone bodies in the body.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7206">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ketosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%207206%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65117"><div><strong>Metabolic acidosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65117</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0220981</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Metabolic acidosis (MA) is characterized by a fall in blood pH due to a reduction of serum bicarbonate concentration. This can occur as a result of either the accumulation of acids (high anion gap MA) or the loss of bicarbonate from the gastrointestinal tract or the kidney (hyperchloremic MA). By definition, MA is not due to a respirary cause.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65117">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Metabolic%20acidosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065117%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66722"><div><strong>Hyperketonemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66722</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235430</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increase in the level of ketone bodies (acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and acetone) in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66722">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyperketonemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066722%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_871132"><div><strong>Elevated circulating glutaric acid concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>871132</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025603</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased concentration of glutaric acid in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/871132">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20glutaric%20acid%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20871132%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1781232"><div><strong>Elevated circulating glutarylcarnitine concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1781232</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5539595</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Concentration of glutarylcarnitine in the blood circulation above the upper limit of normal.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1781232">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20glutarylcarnitine%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201781232%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1842072"><div><strong>Reduced peroxisomal glutaryl-CoA oxidase activity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1842072</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5826590</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Diminished enzyme activity of peroxisomal glutaryl-CoA oxidase, an enzyme that metabolizes glutaryl-CoA (a metabolite of L-lysine, L-hydroxy-lysine and L-tryptophan) by dehydrogenation to glutaconyl-CoA directly followed by decarboxylation of this to crotonyl-CoA.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1842072">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reduced%20peroxisomal%20glutaryl-CoA%20oxidase%20activity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201842072%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_871132" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating glutaric acid concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1781232" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating glutarylcarnitine concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66722" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperketonemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6979" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoglycemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_7206" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ketosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65117" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Metabolic acidosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1842072" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reduced peroxisomal glutaryl-CoA oxidase activity</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6775" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Subdural hemorrhage</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1841727" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated urine 3-hydroxyglutaric level</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_75695" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Glutaric aciduria</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_56402" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ketonuria</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_346841" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Generalized hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10133" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_745757" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Macrocephaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_7752" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Rigidity</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_340737" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Absent speech</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_224930" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Acute encephalopathy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_116012" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebral atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_39313" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Choreoathetosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_105318" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Delayed speech and language development</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_324613" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Developmental regression</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_3940" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dystonic disorder</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_39314" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Encephalopathy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_866575" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Enlarged sylvian cistern</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107838" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Global developmental delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9335" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hydrocephalus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107860" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Inability to walk</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_343542" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Infantile encephalopathy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_397841" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Irritability</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_383904" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lateral ventricle dilatation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_56246" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Opisthotonus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_20693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Seizure</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_44181" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spastic diplegia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870524" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Symmetrical progressive peripheral demyelination</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_746019" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Failure to thrive</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1263739[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=468982">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/468982" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=468982&amp;link_uid=468982" title="View MedGen record for 'Disorder of organic acid metabolism'">Disorder of organic acid metabolism</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1848561[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=341256">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=341256" target="_blank" href="/omim/277400">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1328/" ref="ncbi_uid=341256">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=341256" ref="ncbi_uid=341256">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/341256" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=341256&amp;link_uid=341256" title="View MedGen record for 'Cobalamin C disease'">Cobalamin C disease</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1536500[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=280689">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=280689" target="_blank" href="/omim/203750">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=280689" ref="ncbi_uid=280689">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/280689" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=280689&amp;link_uid=280689" title="View MedGen record for 'Deficiency of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase'">Deficiency of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0268601[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=78692">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=78692" target="_blank" href="/omim/246450">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=78692" ref="ncbi_uid=78692">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78692" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=78692&amp;link_uid=78692" title="View MedGen record for 'Deficiency of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase'">Deficiency of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase</a></span></li><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0268595[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=124337">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=124337" target="_blank" href="/omim/231670">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK546575/" ref="ncbi_uid=124337">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="ncbi_uid=124337">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Glutaric aciduria, type 1</span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0268575[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=82822">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=82822" target="_blank" href="/omim/243500">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK601614/" ref="ncbi_uid=82822">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=82822" ref="ncbi_uid=82822">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/82822" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=82822&amp;link_uid=82822" title="View MedGen record for 'Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency'">Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0024776[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=6217">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1319/" ref="ncbi_uid=6217">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=6217" ref="ncbi_uid=6217">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6217" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=6217&amp;link_uid=6217" title="View MedGen record for 'Maple syrup urine disease'">Maple syrup urine disease</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78690" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=78690&amp;link_uid=78690" title="View MedGen record for 'Intermittent maple syrup urine disease'">Intermittent maple syrup urine disease</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1855371[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=343337">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=343337" target="_blank" href="/omim/248610">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1319/" ref="ncbi_uid=343337">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=343337" ref="ncbi_uid=343337">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/343337" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=343337&amp;link_uid=343337" title="View MedGen record for 'Maple syrup urine disease type 2'">Maple syrup urine disease type 2</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1855369[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=383668">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=383668" target="_blank" href="/omim/248600">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1319/" ref="ncbi_uid=383668">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=383668" ref="ncbi_uid=383668">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/383668" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=383668&amp;link_uid=383668" title="View MedGen record for 'Maple syrup urine disease type 1A'">Maple syrup urine disease type 1A</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C2930990[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=443951">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=443951" target="_blank" href="/omim/248611">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1319/" ref="ncbi_uid=443951">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=443951" ref="ncbi_uid=443951">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/443951" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=443951&amp;link_uid=443951" title="View MedGen record for 'Maple syrup urine disease type 1B'">Maple syrup urine disease type 1B</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/199627" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=199627&amp;link_uid=199627" title="View MedGen record for 'Thiamine-responsive maple syrup urine disease'">Thiamine-responsive maple syrup urine disease</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4551505[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1633312">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1633312" ref="ncbi_uid=1633312">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1633312" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1633312&amp;link_uid=1633312" title="View MedGen record for 'Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency'">Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0268600[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=78691">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=78691" target="_blank" href="/omim/210200">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=78691" ref="ncbi_uid=78691">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78691" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=78691&amp;link_uid=78691" title="View MedGen record for '3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 1 deficiency'">3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 1 deficiency</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1859499[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=347898">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=347898" target="_blank" href="/omim/210210">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=347898" ref="ncbi_uid=347898">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/347898" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=347898&amp;link_uid=347898" title="View MedGen record for '3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 2 deficiency'">3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 2 deficiency</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0268583[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=120654">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1231/" ref="ncbi_uid=120654">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=120654" ref="ncbi_uid=120654">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/120654" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=120654&amp;link_uid=120654" title="View MedGen record for 'Methylmalonic acidemia'">Methylmalonic acidemia</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1855100[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=344419">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=344419" target="_blank" href="/omim/251120">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1231/" ref="ncbi_uid=344419">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=344419" ref="ncbi_uid=344419">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/344419" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=344419&amp;link_uid=344419" title="View MedGen record for 'Methylmalonic acidemia due to methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase deficiency'">Methylmalonic acidemia due to methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase deficiency</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1848552[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=341253">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=341253" target="_blank" href="/omim/277410">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=(NBK1231%20OR%20NBK1328)%20AND%20gene%5Bbook%5D&amp;showtype=onebook" ref="ncbi_uid=341253">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=341253" ref="ncbi_uid=341253">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/341253" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=341253&amp;link_uid=341253" title="View MedGen record for 'Methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblD'">Methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblD</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1855114[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=344424">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=344424" target="_blank" href="/omim/251000">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1231/" ref="ncbi_uid=344424">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=344424" ref="ncbi_uid=344424">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/344424" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=344424&amp;link_uid=344424" title="View MedGen record for 'Methylmalonic aciduria due to methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency'">Methylmalonic aciduria due to methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1855109[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=344422">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=344422" target="_blank" href="/omim/251100">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1231/" ref="ncbi_uid=344422">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=344422" ref="ncbi_uid=344422">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/344422" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=344422&amp;link_uid=344422" title="View MedGen record for 'Methylmalonic aciduria, cblA type'">Methylmalonic aciduria, cblA type</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1855102[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=344420">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=344420" target="_blank" href="/omim/251110">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1231/" ref="ncbi_uid=344420">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=344420" ref="ncbi_uid=344420">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/344420" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=344420&amp;link_uid=344420" title="View MedGen record for 'Methylmalonic aciduria, cblB type'">Methylmalonic aciduria, cblB type</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0268579[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=75694">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=75694" target="_blank" href="/omim/232000">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK92946/" ref="ncbi_uid=75694">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=75694" ref="ncbi_uid=75694">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/75694" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=75694&amp;link_uid=75694" title="View MedGen record for 'Propionic acidemia'">Propionic acidemia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842677" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral organic aciduria">Cerebral organic aciduria</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Glutaric aciduria, type 1</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=156&amp;PatId=3564&amp;search=Disease_Classif_Simple&amp;new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Glutaric aciduria, type 1</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38137040">Compilation of Genotype and Phenotype Data in GCDH-LOVD for Variant Classification and Further Application.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tibelius A,
Evers C,
Oeser S,
Rinke I,
Jauch A,
Hinderhofer K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Genes (Basel)</span>
2023 Dec 14;14(12)
doi: 10.3390/genes14122218.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38137040" target="_blank">38137040</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10742628" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37020324">Exploring genotype-phenotype correlations in glutaric aciduria type 1.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Schuurmans IME,
Dimitrov B,
Schröter J,
Ribes A,
de la Fuente RP,
Zamora B,
van Karnebeek CDM,
Kölker S,
Garanto A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2023 May;46(3):371-390.
Epub 2023 Apr 16
doi: 10.1002/jimd.12608.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37020324" target="_blank">37020324</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29665094">Newborn screening: A disease-changing intervention for glutaric aciduria type 1.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boy N,
Mengler K,
Thimm E,
Schiergens KA,
Marquardt T,
Weinhold N,
Marquardt I,
Das AM,
Freisinger P,
Grünert SC,
Vossbeck J,
Steinfeld R,
Baumgartner MR,
Beblo S,
Dieckmann A,
Näke A,
Lindner M,
Heringer J,
Hoffmann GF,
Mühlhausen C,
Maier EM,
Ensenauer R,
Garbade SF,
Kölker S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Neurol</span>
2018 May;83(5):970-979.
Epub 2018 Apr 30
doi: 10.1002/ana.25233.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29665094" target="_blank">29665094</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22glutaric%20aciduria%2C%20type%201%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (28)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Curated<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpCurated"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3><h3 class="nl vspace"><a href="https://www.acmg.net/PDFLibrary/C5-DC.pdf" target="_blank">American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Newborn Screening ACT Sheet, Elevated C5-DC Acylcarnitine, Glutaric Acidemia Type I (GA I), 2022</a></h3>
<h3 class="nl vspace"><a href="https://www.acmg.net/PDFLibrary/C5-DC-Algorithm.pdf" target="_blank">American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Algorithm, Glutaric Acidemia Type I (GA I): Elevated C5-DC, 2022</a></h3>
</div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36221165">Recommendations for diagnosing and managing individuals with glutaric aciduria type 1: Third revision.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boy N,
Mühlhausen C,
Maier EM,
Ballhausen D,
Baumgartner MR,
Beblo S,
Burgard P,
Chapman KA,
Dobbelaere D,
Heringer-Seifert J,
Fleissner S,
Grohmann-Held K,
Hahn G,
Harting I,
Hoffmann GF,
Jochum F,
Karall D,
Konstantopoulous V,
Krawinkel MB,
Lindner M,
Märtner EMC,
Nuoffer JM,
Okun JG,
Plecko B,
Posset R,
Sahm K,
Scholl-Bürgi S,
Thimm E,
Walter M,
Williams M,
Vom Dahl S,
Ziagaki A,
Zschocke J,
Kölker S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2023 May;46(3):482-519.
Epub 2022 Nov 17
doi: 10.1002/jimd.12566.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36221165" target="_blank">36221165</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35488943">Does glutaric aciduria type 1 affect hearing function?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Özgedi K DD,
Tokgöz Yılmaz S,
Gürbüz BB,
Si Vri HS,
Sennaroğlu G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Metab Brain Dis</span>
2022 Aug;37(6):2121-2132.
Epub 2022 Apr 30
doi: 10.1007/s11011-022-00987-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35488943" target="_blank">35488943</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23622300">Nonaccidental head injury.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Roujeau T,
Mireau E,
Bourgeois M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Handb Clin Neurol</span>
2013;112:905-12.
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52910-7.00012-X.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23622300" target="_blank">23622300</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/14579152">Glutaric aciduria type 1 and neonatal screening: time to proceed--with caution.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Superti-Furga A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Pediatr</span>
2003 Dec;162 Suppl 1:S17-20.
Epub 2003 Oct 25
doi: 10.1007/s00431-003-1344-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/14579152" target="_blank">14579152</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11134453">Glutaric aciduria type 1 and nonaccidental head injury.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hartley LM,
Khwaja OS,
Verity CM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatrics</span>
2001 Jan;107(1):174-5.
doi: 10.1542/peds.107.1.174.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11134453" target="_blank">11134453</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Glutaric%20aciduria%2C%20type%201%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (81)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39658645">Glutaric aciduria type 1: Insights into diagnosis and neurogenetic outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yoldas Celik M,
Canda E,
Yazici H,
Erdem F,
Yuksel Yanbolu A,
Atik Altınok Y,
Eraslan C,
Aykut A,
Durmaz A,
Habif S,
Kalkan Ucar S,
Coker M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Pediatr</span>
2024 Dec 10;184(1):72.
doi: 10.1007/s00431-024-05907-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39658645" target="_blank">39658645</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36221165">Recommendations for diagnosing and managing individuals with glutaric aciduria type 1: Third revision.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boy N,
Mühlhausen C,
Maier EM,
Ballhausen D,
Baumgartner MR,
Beblo S,
Burgard P,
Chapman KA,
Dobbelaere D,
Heringer-Seifert J,
Fleissner S,
Grohmann-Held K,
Hahn G,
Harting I,
Hoffmann GF,
Jochum F,
Karall D,
Konstantopoulous V,
Krawinkel MB,
Lindner M,
Märtner EMC,
Nuoffer JM,
Okun JG,
Plecko B,
Posset R,
Sahm K,
Scholl-Bürgi S,
Thimm E,
Walter M,
Williams M,
Vom Dahl S,
Ziagaki A,
Zschocke J,
Kölker S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2023 May;46(3):482-519.
Epub 2022 Nov 17
doi: 10.1002/jimd.12566.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36221165" target="_blank">36221165</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31811503">Riga Fede Disease with Glutaric Aciduria Type 1.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sivamurukan P,
Chandrasekaran V,
Biswal N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Pediatr</span>
2020 Jun;87(6):484-485.
Epub 2019 Dec 6
doi: 10.1007/s12098-019-03125-w.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31811503" target="_blank">31811503</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23622300">Nonaccidental head injury.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Roujeau T,
Mireau E,
Bourgeois M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Handb Clin Neurol</span>
2013;112:905-12.
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52910-7.00012-X.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23622300" target="_blank">23622300</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/14579152">Glutaric aciduria type 1 and neonatal screening: time to proceed--with caution.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Superti-Furga A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Pediatr</span>
2003 Dec;162 Suppl 1:S17-20.
Epub 2003 Oct 25
doi: 10.1007/s00431-003-1344-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/14579152" target="_blank">14579152</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Glutaric%20aciduria%2C%20type%201%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (128)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33081139">Inconsistencies in the Nutrition Management of Glutaric Aciduria Type 1: An International Survey.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bernstein L,
Coughlin CR,
Drumm M,
Yannicelli S,
Rohr F</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nutrients</span>
2020 Oct 16;12(10)
doi: 10.3390/nu12103162.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33081139" target="_blank">33081139</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7602866" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33000154">Inherited Disorders of Lysine Metabolism: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bouchereau J,
Schiff M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Nutr</span>
2020 Oct 1;150(Suppl 1):2556S-2560S.
doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa112.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33000154" target="_blank">33000154</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24167022">A case of choreoathetosis due to glutaric aciduria type 1.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ma J,
Tan L,
Chen S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mov Disord</span>
2013 Nov;28(13):1808.
Epub 2013 Oct 25
doi: 10.1002/mds.25722.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24167022" target="_blank">24167022</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22845646">Dietary practices in glutaric aciduria type 1 over 16 years.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gokmen-Ozel H,
MacDonald A,
Daly A,
Ashmore C,
Preece MA,
Hendriksz C,
Vijay S,
Chakrapani A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Hum Nutr Diet</span>
2012 Dec;25(6):514-9.
Epub 2012 Jul 30
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01269.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22845646" target="_blank">22845646</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16335663">Glutaric aciduria type 1 in a Kuwaiti infant.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elsori HA,
Naguib KK,
Hammoud MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">East Mediterr Health J</span>
2004 Jul-Sep;10(4-5):680-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16335663" target="_blank">16335663</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Glutaric%20aciduria%2C%20type%201%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (23)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39658645">Glutaric aciduria type 1: Insights into diagnosis and neurogenetic outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yoldas Celik M,
Canda E,
Yazici H,
Erdem F,
Yuksel Yanbolu A,
Atik Altınok Y,
Eraslan C,
Aykut A,
Durmaz A,
Habif S,
Kalkan Ucar S,
Coker M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Pediatr</span>
2024 Dec 10;184(1):72.
doi: 10.1007/s00431-024-05907-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39658645" target="_blank">39658645</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37020324">Exploring genotype-phenotype correlations in glutaric aciduria type 1.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Schuurmans IME,
Dimitrov B,
Schröter J,
Ribes A,
de la Fuente RP,
Zamora B,
van Karnebeek CDM,
Kölker S,
Garanto A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2023 May;46(3):371-390.
Epub 2023 Apr 16
doi: 10.1002/jimd.12608.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37020324" target="_blank">37020324</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32777384">Glutaric aciduria type 1: Genetic and phenotypic spectrum in 53 patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gürbüz BB,
Yılmaz DY,
Coşkun T,
Tokatlı A,
Dursun A,
Sivri HS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Med Genet</span>
2020 Nov;63(11):104032.
Epub 2020 Aug 7
doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104032.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32777384" target="_blank">32777384</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23622300">Nonaccidental head injury.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Roujeau T,
Mireau E,
Bourgeois M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Handb Clin Neurol</span>
2013;112:905-12.
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52910-7.00012-X.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23622300" target="_blank">23622300</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16335663">Glutaric aciduria type 1 in a Kuwaiti infant.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elsori HA,
Naguib KK,
Hammoud MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">East Mediterr Health J</span>
2004 Jul-Sep;10(4-5):680-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16335663" target="_blank">16335663</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Glutaric%20aciduria%2C%20type%201%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (48)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39658645">Glutaric aciduria type 1: Insights into diagnosis and neurogenetic outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yoldas Celik M,
Canda E,
Yazici H,
Erdem F,
Yuksel Yanbolu A,
Atik Altınok Y,
Eraslan C,
Aykut A,
Durmaz A,
Habif S,
Kalkan Ucar S,
Coker M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Pediatr</span>
2024 Dec 10;184(1):72.
doi: 10.1007/s00431-024-05907-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39658645" target="_blank">39658645</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37474264">Glutaric Aciduria Type 1: Comparison between Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging and Conventional MR Imaging.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bian B,
Liu Z,
Feng D,
Li W,
Wang L,
Li Y,
Li D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</span>
2023 Aug;44(8):967-973.
Epub 2023 Jul 20
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A7928.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37474264" target="_blank">37474264</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10411849" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37020324">Exploring genotype-phenotype correlations in glutaric aciduria type 1.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Schuurmans IME,
Dimitrov B,
Schröter J,
Ribes A,
de la Fuente RP,
Zamora B,
van Karnebeek CDM,
Kölker S,
Garanto A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Inherit Metab Dis</span>
2023 May;46(3):371-390.
Epub 2023 Apr 16
doi: 10.1002/jimd.12608.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37020324" target="_blank">37020324</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35488943">Does glutaric aciduria type 1 affect hearing function?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Özgedi K DD,
Tokgöz Yılmaz S,
Gürbüz BB,
Si Vri HS,
Sennaroğlu G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Metab Brain Dis</span>
2022 Aug;37(6):2121-2132.
Epub 2022 Apr 30
doi: 10.1007/s11011-022-00987-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35488943" target="_blank">35488943</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32777384">Glutaric aciduria type 1: Genetic and phenotypic spectrum in 53 patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gürbüz BB,
Yılmaz DY,
Coşkun T,
Tokatlı A,
Dursun A,
Sivri HS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Med Genet</span>
2020 Nov;63(11):104032.
Epub 2020 Aug 7
doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104032.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32777384" target="_blank">32777384</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Glutaric%20aciduria%2C%20type%201%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (48)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32981931">Impact of newborn screening and quality of therapy on the neurological outcome in glutaric aciduria type 1: a meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boy N,
Mengler K,
Heringer-Seifert J,
Hoffmann GF,
Garbade SF,
Kölker S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Genet Med</span>
2021 Jan;23(1):13-21.
Epub 2020 Sep 28
doi: 10.1038/s41436-020-00971-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32981931" target="_blank">32981931</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7790745" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26219480">Subdural hematomas: glutaric aciduria type 1 or abusive head trauma? A systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vester ME,
Bilo RA,
Karst WA,
Daams JG,
Duijst WL,
van Rijn RR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Forensic Sci Med Pathol</span>
2015 Sep;11(3):405-15.
Epub 2015 Jul 29
doi: 10.1007/s12024-015-9698-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26219480" target="_blank">26219480</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4529472" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9793900">A systematic review of evidence for the appropriateness of neonatal screening programmes for inborn errors of metabolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Thomason MJ,
Lord J,
Bain MD,
Chalmers RA,
Littlejohns P,
Addison GM,
Wilcox AH,
Seymour CA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Public Health Med</span>
1998 Sep;20(3):331-43.
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a024777.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9793900" target="_blank">9793900</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9483156">Newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism: a systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Seymour CA,
Thomason MJ,
Chalmers RA,
Addison GM,
Bain MD,
Cockburn F,
Littlejohns P,
Lord J,
Wilcox AH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Health Technol Assess</span>
1997;1(11):i-iv, 1-95.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9483156" target="_blank">9483156</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Glutaric%20aciduria%2C%20type%201%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4)</a></div></div>
</div>
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
<div id="messagearea_bottom">
</div>
<div class=" bottom">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
<div>
<!-- MedGen supplemental column starts here -->
<div class="rightCol mgCol">
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_106">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A1%5F1" target="_blank">Analyte (11)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (48)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A1%5F2" target="_blank">Enzyme assay (3)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F18" target="_blank">Mutation scanning of select exons (2)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F17" target="_blank">Mutation scanning of the entire coding region (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F9" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of select exons (12)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (77)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (23)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (97)</a></total></li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_119">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=231670" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=25" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Glutaric%20aciduria,%20type%201" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_121">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22glutaric%20aciduria%2C%20type%201%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul><h3 class="subhead">Curated</h3><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.acmg.net/PDFLibrary/C5-DC.pdf">ACMG ACT, 2022</a><div>American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Newborn Screening ACT Sheet, Elevated C5-DC Acylcarnitine, Glutaric Acidemia Type I (GA I), 2022</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.acmg.net/PDFLibrary/C5-DC-Algorithm.pdf">ACMG Algorithm, 2022</a><div>American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Algorithm, Glutaric Acidemia Type I (GA I): Elevated C5-DC, 2022</div></li></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_115">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Molecular_resources">Molecular resources</h1><a sid="115" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=608801" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=2639[geneid]" target="_blank">View GCDH variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/219842222" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li><li><a href="https://catalog.coriell.org/Search?q=231670" target="_blank">Coriell Institute for Medical Research</a></li></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_116">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Consumer_resources">Consumer resources</h1><a sid="116" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/glutaric_acidemia_i" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Glutaric%20aciduria,%20type%201" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li><li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/glutaric-acidemia-type-i" target="_blank">MedlinePlusGenetics (GHR)</a></li><li><a href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/6522/disease" target="_blank">NCATS Office of Rare Diseases Research (GARD)</a></li></ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet brieflink">
<div class="portlet_head">
<div class="portlet_title">
<h3>Reviews</h3>
</div>
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews.Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="Reviews" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenReviews.Shutter"></a>
</div>
<div class="portlet_content">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="/pubmed/31536184" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=1&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank"><span class="gene_reviews">GeneReviews</span></a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="/pubmed/clinical?term=Glutaric%20aciduria,%20type%201" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=2&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank">PubMed Clinical Queries</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="/pubmed?term=Glutaric%20aciduria,%20type%201%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=3&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- MedGen supplemental column ends here -->
<div class="portlet brieflink">
<div class="portlet_head">
<div class="portlet_title">
<h3>Related information</h3>
</div>
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks.Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="discovery_db_links" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.MedGen_SingleItemSuplCluster.MedGenDiscoveryDbLinks.Shutter"></a>
</div>
<div class="portlet_content DiscoveryDbLinks">
<ul>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">ClinVar</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related medical variations</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gene?LinkName=medgen_gene_diseases&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">Gene</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in NCBI Gene</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595[DISCUI]" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in GTR</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C0268595[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR(Clinical)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Clinical tests in GTR</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/mesh?LinkName=medgen_mesh&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">MeSH</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related Medical Subject Headings</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related records in OMIM</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim_gene&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM(Genes)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">OMIM records containing genes associated with phenotypes registered in MedGen</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pmc?LinkName=medgen_pmc&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">PMC Articles</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in PubMed Central Links</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_bookshelf_cited&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (Bookshelf cited)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Links to PubMed based on citations in GeneReviews and Medical Genetics Summaries</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_genereviews&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (GeneReviews)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">GeneReviews in PubMed</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_omim&amp;from_uid=124337" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (OMIM)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet">
<div class="portlet_head">
<div class="portlet_title">
<h3>Recent activity</h3>
</div>
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="recent_activity" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Shutter"></a>
</div>
<div class="portlet_content">
<div id="HTDisplay" class="">
<input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.Cmd" sid="1" type="hidden" />
<div class="action">
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory" sid="1" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory" cmd="ClearHT" href="?cmd=ClearHT&amp;" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.ClearHistory">
Clear
</a>
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" sid="1" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" class="HTOn" cmd="HTOff" href="?cmd=HTOff&amp;" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle">
Turn Off
</a>
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" sid="2" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle" class="HTOff" cmd="HTOn" href="?cmd=HTOn&amp;" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryToggle">
Turn On
</a>
</div>
<ul id="activity">
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&amp;linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d62ff82f30673f7b24dcb2">Glutaric aciduria, type 1</a>
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Glutaric aciduria, type 1<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
</li>
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&amp;linkpos=2" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d62ff267c23b31e0df4173">Deficiency of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase</a>
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Deficiency of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
</li>
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&amp;linkpos=3" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d62feb2f30673f7b24ac82">Deficiency of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase</a>
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Deficiency of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
</li>
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&amp;linkpos=4" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d62fe167c23b31e0df0376">Disorder of organic acid metabolism</a>
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Disorder of organic acid metabolism<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
</li>
<li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line">
<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&amp;linkpos=5" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d62fde84f3725e595b42f7">Propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency</a>
<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="HTOn">Your browsing activity is empty.</p>
<p class="HTOff">Activity recording is turned off.</p>
<p id="turnOn" class="HTOff">
<a name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryOn" sid="1" realname="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryOn" cmd="HTOn" href="?cmd=HTOn&amp;" onclick="return false;" id="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.MedGen.MedGen_ResultsPanel.HistoryDisplay.HistoryOn">Turn recording back on</a>
</p>
<a class="seemore" href="/sites/myncbi/recentactivity">See more...</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="NCBIFooter_dynamic">
<!--<component id="NCBIBreadcrumbs"/>
<component id="NCBIHelpDesk"/>-->
<noscript><img alt="" src="/stat?jsdisabled=true&amp;ncbi_app=entrez&amp;ncbi_db=medgen&amp;ncbi_pdid=FullReport&amp;ncbi_phid=CE8D0A8E7D629C2100000000004E0044" /></noscript>
</div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="footer" id="footer" xml:base="http://127.0.0.1/sites/static/header_footer/">
<section class="icon-section">
<div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div>
<div class="grid-container container">
<div class="icon-section_container">
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="40" height="40" viewBox="0 0 40 40" fill="none">
<title>Twitter</title>
<g id="twitterx1008">
<path id="path1008" d="M6.06736 7L16.8778 20.8991L6.00001 32.2H10.2L18.6 23.1L25.668 32.2H34L22.8 17.5L31.9 7H28.4L20.7 15.4L14.401 7H6.06898H6.06736ZM9.66753 8.73423H12.9327L29.7327 30.4658H26.5697L9.66753 8.73423Z" fill="#5B616B"></path>
</g>
</svg>
</a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<title>Facebook</title>
<path class="cls-11" d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z">
</path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm" aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<title>LinkedIn</title>
<path class="cls-11" d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z">
</path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<defs>
<style>
.cls-11,
.cls-12 {
fill: #737373;
}
.cls-11 {
fill-rule: evenodd;
}
</style>
</defs>
<title>GitHub</title>
<path class="cls-11" d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z">
</path>
<path class="cls-12" d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1">
</path>
<path class="cls-12" d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08">
</path>
<path class="cls-12" d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path>
<path class="cls-12" d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12" d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12" d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12" d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 40 40">
<defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs>
<title>NCBI Insights Blog</title>
<path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"></path>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="container-fluid bg-primary">
<div class="container pt-5">
<div class="row mt-3">
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
<p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p>
<ul class="list-inline social_media">
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 36 35" fill="none">
<title>Twitter</title>
<g id="twitterx1009" clip-path="url(#clip0_65276_3946)">
<path id="Vector_Twitter" d="M17.5006 34.6565C26.9761 34.6565 34.6575 26.9751 34.6575 17.4996C34.6575 8.02416 26.9761 0.342773 17.5006 0.342773C8.02514 0.342773 0.34375 8.02416 0.34375 17.4996C0.34375 26.9751 8.02514 34.6565 17.5006 34.6565Z" fill="#205493" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.0" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path>
<path id="path1009" d="M8.54811 8.5L16.2698 18.4279L8.50001 26.5H11.5L17.5 20L22.5486 26.5H28.5L20.5 16L27 8.5H24.5L19 14.5L14.5007 8.5H8.54927H8.54811ZM11.1197 9.73873H13.4519L25.4519 25.2613H23.1926L11.1197 9.73873Z" fill="white"></path>
</g>
<defs>
<clipPath id="clip0_65276_3946">
<rect width="35" height="35" fill="white"></rect>
</clipPath>
</defs>
</svg>
</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 36 35" fill="none">
<title>Facebook</title>
<g id="Facebook" clip-path="url(#clip0_1717_1086)">
<path id="Vector_Facebook" d="M15.1147 29.1371C15.1147 29.0822 15.1147 29.0296 15.1147 28.9747V18.9414H11.8183C11.6719 18.9414 11.6719 18.9414 11.6719 18.8018C11.6719 17.5642 11.6719 16.3289 11.6719 15.0937C11.6719 14.9793 11.7062 14.9518 11.816 14.9518C12.8683 14.9518 13.9206 14.9518 14.9751 14.9518H15.1215V14.8329C15.1215 13.8057 15.1215 12.774 15.1215 11.7492C15.1274 10.9262 15.3148 10.1146 15.6706 9.37241C16.1301 8.38271 16.9475 7.60378 17.9582 7.19235C18.6492 6.90525 19.3923 6.76428 20.1405 6.7783C21.0029 6.79202 21.8653 6.83091 22.7278 6.86065C22.8879 6.86065 23.048 6.89496 23.2082 6.90182C23.2974 6.90182 23.3271 6.94071 23.3271 7.02993C23.3271 7.54235 23.3271 8.05477 23.3271 8.5649C23.3271 9.16882 23.3271 9.77274 23.3271 10.3767C23.3271 10.4819 23.2974 10.5139 23.1921 10.5116C22.5379 10.5116 21.8814 10.5116 21.2271 10.5116C20.9287 10.5184 20.6316 10.5528 20.3395 10.6146C20.0822 10.6619 19.8463 10.7891 19.6653 10.9779C19.4842 11.1668 19.3672 11.4078 19.3307 11.6669C19.2857 11.893 19.2612 12.1226 19.2575 12.3531C19.2575 13.1904 19.2575 14.0299 19.2575 14.8695C19.2575 14.8946 19.2575 14.9198 19.2575 14.9564H23.0229C23.1807 14.9564 23.183 14.9564 23.1624 15.1074C23.0778 15.7662 22.9885 16.425 22.9039 17.0816C22.8322 17.6321 22.7636 18.1827 22.698 18.7332C22.6729 18.9437 22.6797 18.9437 22.4693 18.9437H19.2644V28.8992C19.2644 28.9793 19.2644 29.0593 19.2644 29.1394L15.1147 29.1371Z" fill="white"></path>
<path id="Vector_2_Facebook" d="M17.5006 34.657C26.9761 34.657 34.6575 26.9756 34.6575 17.5001C34.6575 8.02465 26.9761 0.343262 17.5006 0.343262C8.02514 0.343262 0.34375 8.02465 0.34375 17.5001C0.34375 26.9756 8.02514 34.657 17.5006 34.657Z" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.0" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path>
</g>
<defs>
<clipPath id="clip0_1717_1086">
<rect width="35" height="35" fill="white"></rect>
</clipPath>
</defs>
</svg>
</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 36 35" fill="none">
<title>Youtube</title>
<g id="YouTube" clip-path="url(#clip0_1717_1101)">
<path id="Vector_Youtube" d="M26.2571 11.4791C25.9025 11.1589 25.5709 10.9576 24.228 10.834C22.5512 10.6785 20.2797 10.6556 18.564 10.6533H16.4365C14.7208 10.6533 12.4493 10.6785 10.7725 10.834C9.43196 10.9576 9.09798 11.1589 8.7434 11.4791C7.81464 12.321 7.6202 14.6268 7.59961 16.8938C7.59961 17.3178 7.59961 17.741 7.59961 18.1635C7.62706 20.4121 7.82837 22.686 8.7434 23.521C9.09798 23.8412 9.42967 24.0425 10.7725 24.1661C12.4493 24.3216 14.7208 24.3445 16.4365 24.3468H18.564C20.2797 24.3468 22.5512 24.3216 24.228 24.1661C25.5686 24.0425 25.9025 23.8412 26.2571 23.521C27.1722 22.6929 27.3735 20.451 27.4009 18.2206C27.4009 17.7402 27.4009 17.2599 27.4009 16.7795C27.3735 14.5491 27.1699 12.3072 26.2571 11.4791ZM15.5604 20.5311V14.652L20.561 17.5001L15.5604 20.5311Z" fill="white"></path>
<path id="Vector_2_Youtube" d="M17.5006 34.657C26.9761 34.657 34.6575 26.9756 34.6575 17.5001C34.6575 8.02465 26.9761 0.343262 17.5006 0.343262C8.02514 0.343262 0.34375 8.02465 0.34375 17.5001C0.34375 26.9756 8.02514 34.657 17.5006 34.657Z" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.0" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path>
</g>
<defs>
<clipPath id="clip0_1717_1101">
<rect width="35" height="35" fill="white"></rect>
</clipPath>
</defs>
</svg>
</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br />
<a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323" class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br />
Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br />
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office" class="text-white">FOIA</a><br />
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br />
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br />
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
<nav class="bottom-links">
<ul class="mt-3">
<li>
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentOmnitureBaseJS/InstrumentNCBIConfigJS/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js?v=1"> </script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/static/js/hfjs2.js"> </script>
</div>
</div>
<div><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Db" sid="1" type="hidden" value="medgen" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastDb" sid="1" type="hidden" value="medgen" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Term" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastTabCmd" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastQueryKey" sid="1" type="hidden" value="21103" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.IdsFromResult" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LastIdsFromResult" sid="1" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkName" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkReadableName" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.LinkSrcDb" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.Cmd" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.TabCmd" sid="1" type="hidden" /><input name="EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.DbConnector.QueryKey" sid="1" type="hidden" /></div>
<input type="hidden" name="p$a" id="p$a" /><input type="hidden" name="p$l" id="p$l" value="EntrezSystem2" /><input type="hidden" name="p$st" id="p$st" value="medgen" /><input name="SessionId" id="SessionId" value="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID" disabled="disabled" type="hidden" /><input name="Snapshot" id="Snapshot" value="/projects/Phenotype/MedGen/MedGen@6.14" disabled="disabled" type="hidden" /></form>
</div>
</div>
<!-- CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID /projects/Phenotype/MedGen/MedGen@6.14 portal106 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID"></span>
<script type='text/javascript' src='/portal/js/portal.js'></script><script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/js/4221766/3812534/4212053/3812535/3781605/4186313/2499590/3758627/4078478/3908752/3423/4018706/3891418/4212356/4078480/4078479/4025341/4076482/31971/35962/2733373/33966/3397055/4001808.js" snapshot="medgen"></script></body>
</html>