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<meta name="keywords" content="C0239340, dependant edema, dependant oedema, edema of lower extremities, edema of lower extremity, edema of lower limb, edema of the lower limbs, fluid accumulation in lower limbs, leg edema, leg oedema, lower extremity edema, lower leg swelling, oedema of the lower limbs, pathologic function, pedal edema, pedal oedema, peripheral edema of lower extremity, peripheral oedema of lower extremity, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="An abnormal accumulation of excess fluid in the lower extremity resulting in swelling of the feet and extending upward to the lower leg." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=116085
ConceptID=C0239340
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Pedal edema</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116085</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239340</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Edema of the lower limbs</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Edema of lower limb (102572006); Edema of lower extremity (102572006)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0010741">HP:0010741</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">An abnormal accumulation of excess fluid in the lower extremity resulting in swelling of the feet and extending upward to the lower leg. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Pedal edema</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/536898" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of limbs">Abnormality of limbs</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/242750" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the lower limb">Abnormality of the lower limb</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Pedal edema</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1764866" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bipedal edema">Bipedal edema</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/753650" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Edema of the dorsum of feet">Edema of the dorsum of feet</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_42426"><div><strong>Wilson disease</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42426</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019202</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Wilson disease is a disorder of copper metabolism that, when untreated, can present with hepatic, neurologic, or psychiatric disturbances or a combination of these in individuals ages three years to older than 70 years. Manifestations in untreated individuals vary among and within families. Liver disease can include recurrent jaundice, simple acute self-limited hepatitis-like illness, autoimmune-type hepatitis, fulminant hepatic failure, or chronic liver disease. Neurologic presentations can include dysarthria, movement disorders (tremors, involuntary movements, chorea, choreoathetosis), dystonia (mask-like facies, rigidity, gait disturbance, pseudobulbar involvement), dysautonomia, seizures, sleep disorders, or insomnia. Psychiatric disturbances can include depression, bipolar disorder / bipolar spectrum disorder, neurotic behaviors, personality changes, or psychosis. Other multisystem involvement can include the eye (Kayser-Fleischer rings), hemolytic anemia, the kidneys, the endocrine glands, and the heart.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42426">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_184924"><div><strong>McKusick-Kaufman syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>184924</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0948368</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">McKusick-Kaufman syndrome (MKS) is characterized by the combination of postaxial polydactyly (PAP), congenital heart disease (CHD), and hydrometrocolpos (HMC) in females and genital malformations in males (most commonly hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and chordee). HMC in infants usually presents as a large cystic abdominal mass arising out of the pelvis, caused by dilatation of the vagina and uterus as a result of the accumulation of cervical secretions from maternal estrogen stimulation. HMC can be caused by failure of the distal third of the vagina to develop (vaginal agenesis), a transverse vaginal membrane, or an imperforate hymen. PAP is the presence of additional digits on the ulnar side of the hand and the fibular side of the foot. A variety of congenital heart defects have been reported including atrioventricular canal, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, or a complex congenital heart malformation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/184924">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_340355"><div><strong>Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>340355</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1849554</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Pulmonary lymphangiectasia is a rare congenital vascular dysplasia characterized by an increased number of dilated pulmonary lymphatics in the subpleural, peribronchial, and interlobular septa. Respiratory distress is usually noted immediately after birth (summary by Stevenson et al., 2006).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/340355">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_338862"><div><strong>Distichiasis with congenital anomalies of the heart and peripheral vasculature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>338862</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1852062</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/338862">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_444009"><div><strong>Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>444009</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2931241</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare intestinal disease characterized by dilated intestinal lacteals which cause lymph leakage into the small bowel lumen. Clinical manifestations include edema related to hypoalbuminemia (protein-losing gastro-enteropathy), asthenia, moderate diarrhea, lymphedema, serous effusion and failure to thrive in children.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/444009">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_934682"><div><strong>Tall stature-intellectual disability-renal anomalies syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>934682</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4310715</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Thauvin-Robinet-Faivre syndrome (TROFAS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by generalized overgrowth, mainly of height, and mildly delayed psychomotor development with mild or severe learning difficulties. More variable features may include congenital heart defects, kidney abnormalities, and skeletal defects. Patients may have an increased risk for Wilms tumor (summary by Akawi et al., 2016).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/934682">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1651756"><div><strong>Lymphatic malformation 4</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1651756</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4747769</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any hereditary lymphedema in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VEGFC gene.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1651756">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1648330"><div><strong>Cardiac, facial, and digital anomalies with developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1648330</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4748484</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">CAFDADD is a multisystemic developmental disorder with variable cardiac and digital anomalies and facial dysmorphism. Some patients may have seizures and ocular/aural abnormalities (Tokita et al., 2018).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1648330">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1784862"><div><strong>Lymphatic malformation 11</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1784862</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5543614</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Lymphatic malformation-11 (LMPHM11) is characterized by lower extremity edema, with onset in the second or third decade of life. Some affected individuals may have subclinical lymphatic malformations (Michelini et al., 2020).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of lymphatic malformation, see LMPHM1 (153100).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1784862">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1648330" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cardiac, facial, and digital anomalies with developmental delay</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_340355" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_338862" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Distichiasis with congenital anomalies of the heart and peripheral vasculature</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1784862" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lymphatic malformation 11</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1651756" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lymphatic malformation 4</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (9)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_184924" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">McKusick-Kaufman syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_444009" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_934682" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tall stature-intellectual disability-renal anomalies syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_42426" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Wilson disease</a></div></span></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38881084">Cilnidipine, a Dual L/N-type Ca(2+) Channel Blocker in Hypertension Management: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mehta KK,
Tiwaskar M,
Kasture P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Assoc Physicians India</span>
2024 Apr;72(4):54-58.
doi: 10.59556/japi.72.0516.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38881084" target="_blank">38881084</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32757405">Safety of low-dose oral minoxidil treatment for hair loss. A systematic review and pooled-analysis of individual patient data.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jimenez-Cauhe J,
Saceda-Corralo D,
Rodrigues-Barata R,
Moreno-Arrones OM,
Ortega-Quijano D,
Fernandez-Nieto D,
Jaen-Olasolo P,
Vaño-Galvan S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2020 Nov;33(6):e14106.
Epub 2020 Sep 7
doi: 10.1111/dth.14106.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32757405" target="_blank">32757405</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29564954">The role of extended-release amantadine for the treatment of dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elkurd MT,
Bahroo LB,
Pahwa R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurodegener Dis Manag</span>
2018 Apr;8(2):73-80.
Epub 2018 Mar 22
doi: 10.2217/nmt-2018-0001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29564954" target="_blank">29564954</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22pedal%20edema%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (11)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31195782">Cutaneous effects of antihypertensive drugs.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Baccino D,
Merlo G,
Cozzani E,
Rosa GM,
Tini G,
Burlando M,
Parodi A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">G Ital Dermatol Venereol</span>
2020 Apr;155(2):202-211.
Epub 2019 Jun 12
doi: 10.23736/S0392-0488.19.06360-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31195782" target="_blank">31195782</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29065722">Perindopril arginine and amlodipine besylate for hypertension: a safety evaluation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elliott WJ,
Bistrika EA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Opin Drug Saf</span>
2018 Feb;17(2):207-216.
Epub 2017 Oct 31
doi: 10.1080/14740338.2018.1397129.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29065722" target="_blank">29065722</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18431900">Cardiovascular late effects.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Camp-Sorrell D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Oncology (Williston Park)</span>
2008 Feb;22(2 Suppl Nurse Ed):42-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/18431900" target="_blank">18431900</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17319103">Lercanidipine in hypertension.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Borghi C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Vasc Health Risk Manag</span>
2005;1(3):173-82.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17319103" target="_blank">17319103</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1993952" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/350213">Testosterone in the management of cirrhosis of the liver--a controlled study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Puliyel MM,
Vyas GP,
Mehta GS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aust N Z J Med</span>
1977 Dec;7(6):17-30.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/350213" target="_blank">350213</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pedal%20edema%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (89)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39928018">Steroid Induced Dialated Cardiomyopathy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharda M,
Gokul BG,
Krishna D,
Jain S,
Thomas NS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Assoc Physicians India</span>
2025 Feb;73(2):108.
doi: 10.59556/japi.73.0831.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39928018" target="_blank">39928018</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39085189">Rash, Pedal Edema, and Severe Anemia in a 17-year-old Male.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Taylor E,
Wershba E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Rev</span>
2024 Aug 1;45(8):472-475.
doi: 10.1542/pir.2022-005667.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39085189" target="_blank">39085189</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38055286">Female Patient Presenting With Increasing Pedal Edema.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Appadurai V,
Thangada N,
Narang A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Cardiol</span>
2024 Feb 1;9(2):197.
doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2023.4495.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38055286" target="_blank">38055286</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29077586">Aorto-Atrial Fistulas: A Contemporary Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fierro EA,
Sikachi RR,
Agrawal A,
Verma I,
Ojrzanowski M,
Sahni S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Rev</span>
2018 May/Jun;26(3):137-144.
doi: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000182.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29077586" target="_blank">29077586</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21893133">A pancreatic mass and bilateral pitting pedal edema: nothing is ever what it seems.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gleeson FC,
Brown CM,
Herrera Hernandez LP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol</span>
2012 Jan;10(1):e3.
Epub 2011 Sep 3
doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2011.08.018.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21893133" target="_blank">21893133</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pedal%20edema%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (129)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39928018">Steroid Induced Dialated Cardiomyopathy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sharda M,
Gokul BG,
Krishna D,
Jain S,
Thomas NS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Assoc Physicians India</span>
2025 Feb;73(2):108.
doi: 10.59556/japi.73.0831.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39928018" target="_blank">39928018</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25268343">Cutaneous adverse reactions to calcium channel blockers.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tuchinda P,
Kulthanan K,
Khankham S,
Jongjarearnprasert K,
Dhana N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol</span>
2014 Sep;32(3):246-50.
doi: 10.12932/AP0380.32.3.2014.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25268343" target="_blank">25268343</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21989312">Anti-inflammatory activity of alkaloids: an update from 2000 to 2010.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Souto AL,
Tavares JF,
da Silva MS,
Diniz Mde F,
de Athayde-Filho PF,
Barbosa Filho JM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Molecules</span>
2011 Oct 11;16(10):8515-34.
doi: 10.3390/molecules16108515.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21989312" target="_blank">21989312</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6264344" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17195895">HIV-related pulmonary hypertension.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Limsukon A,
Saeed AI,
Ramasamy V,
Nalamati J,
Dhuper S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mt Sinai J Med</span>
2006 Nov;73(7):1037-44.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17195895" target="_blank">17195895</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17319103">Lercanidipine in hypertension.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Borghi C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Vasc Health Risk Manag</span>
2005;1(3):173-82.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17319103" target="_blank">17319103</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1993952" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pedal%20edema%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (123)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36201001">Left Ventricular Angiogram in Constrictive Pericarditis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ahmed AS,
Divani G,
Rai N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Invasive Cardiol</span>
2022 Oct;34(10):E756.
doi: 10.25270/jic/22.00077.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36201001" target="_blank">36201001</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28988256">Primary leiomyosarcoma of the atrium with heterologous differentiation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zaidi S,
Husain S,
Barakah D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Saudi Med</span>
2017 Sep-Oct;37(5):403-405.
doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2017.403.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28988256" target="_blank">28988256</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6074192" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27571004">Diagnostic Evaluation of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gopalan D,
Blanchard D,
Auger WR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Am Thorac Soc</span>
2016 Jul;13 Suppl 3:S222-39.
doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201509-623AS.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27571004" target="_blank">27571004</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17195895">HIV-related pulmonary hypertension.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Limsukon A,
Saeed AI,
Ramasamy V,
Nalamati J,
Dhuper S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mt Sinai J Med</span>
2006 Nov;73(7):1037-44.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17195895" target="_blank">17195895</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15500427">Role of manidipine in the management of patients with hypertension.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tikhonoff V,
Mazza A,
Casiglia E,
Pessina AC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther</span>
2004 Nov;2(6):815-27.
doi: 10.1586/14779072.2.6.815.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15500427" target="_blank">15500427</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pedal%20edema%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (45)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35443396">Clinical Profile of Atrial Fibrillation and Adherence to Guidelines in Adult Patients in Tertiary Care Centre in Central India- Observational Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pawar M,
Aher A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Assoc Physicians India</span>
2022 Apr;70(4):11-12.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35443396" target="_blank">35443396</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29065722">Perindopril arginine and amlodipine besylate for hypertension: a safety evaluation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elliott WJ,
Bistrika EA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Opin Drug Saf</span>
2018 Feb;17(2):207-216.
Epub 2017 Oct 31
doi: 10.1080/14740338.2018.1397129.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29065722" target="_blank">29065722</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28782477">Sodium Valproate-Induced Bilateral Pitting Pedal Edema - A Case Report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Panchal R,
Chaudhary D,
Anovadiya A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Drug Saf</span>
2018;13(2):128-130.
doi: 10.2174/1574886312666170804164854.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28782477" target="_blank">28782477</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27571004">Diagnostic Evaluation of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gopalan D,
Blanchard D,
Auger WR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Am Thorac Soc</span>
2016 Jul;13 Suppl 3:S222-39.
doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201509-623AS.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27571004" target="_blank">27571004</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17472679">Late-onset Rothmund-Thomson syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kumar P,
Sharma PK,
Gautam RK,
Jain RK,
Kar HK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Dermatol</span>
2007 May;46(5):492-3.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2007.03248.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17472679" target="_blank">17472679</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pedal%20edema%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (54)</a></div></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32757405">Safety of low-dose oral minoxidil treatment for hair loss. A systematic review and pooled-analysis of individual patient data.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jimenez-Cauhe J,
Saceda-Corralo D,
Rodrigues-Barata R,
Moreno-Arrones OM,
Ortega-Quijano D,
Fernandez-Nieto D,
Jaen-Olasolo P,
Vaño-Galvan S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2020 Nov;33(6):e14106.
Epub 2020 Sep 7
doi: 10.1111/dth.14106.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32757405" target="_blank">32757405</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31195782">Cutaneous effects of antihypertensive drugs.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Baccino D,
Merlo G,
Cozzani E,
Rosa GM,
Tini G,
Burlando M,
Parodi A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">G Ital Dermatol Venereol</span>
2020 Apr;155(2):202-211.
Epub 2019 Jun 12
doi: 10.23736/S0392-0488.19.06360-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31195782" target="_blank">31195782</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29065722">Perindopril arginine and amlodipine besylate for hypertension: a safety evaluation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elliott WJ,
Bistrika EA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Opin Drug Saf</span>
2018 Feb;17(2):207-216.
Epub 2017 Oct 31
doi: 10.1080/14740338.2018.1397129.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29065722" target="_blank">29065722</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25817217">Rationale for a single-pill combination of perindopril arginine and amlodipine besylate.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elliott WJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Soc Hypertens</span>
2015 Apr;9(4):257-65.
Epub 2015 Jan 12
doi: 10.1016/j.jash.2014.12.012.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25817217" target="_blank">25817217</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pedal%20edema%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22pedal%20edema%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Pedal%20edema%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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