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<h1><strong><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Case Study for Single Institutional Review Board (sIRB) Policy</span>
</strong></h1>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div data-ds-id="pb43iac5" class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Disclaimer</h5>
<p class="card-text">
This fictional case study is based on various real-life scenarios. The exercise includes
three sections covering single
institutional review board (sIRB) requirements, budgets and protocols, and exception requests—each with
associated
questions to consider. Review each section, answer the questions, and then check your answer by expanding
the question.
For background, refer to the <a href="/policy-and-compliance/policy-topics/human-subjects/single-irb-policy-multi-site-research">NIH
Single IRB (sIRB) Policy</a> page where you can find <a
href="/faqs#/hs-single-IRB-policy-for-multi-site-research.htm">sIRB Frequently Asked Questions</a>, <a
href="/sites/default/files/sIRB-Determination-workflow.pdf">sIRB Determination Workflow</a> <i
class="bi bi-file-earmark-pdf-fill"></i>, related NIH and Common Rule policy notices, and other
resources.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<h2>
Section 1. sIRB Requirements
</h2>
<p>
In this fictional case study, a principal investigator (PI) submitted a competing R01 application for a due date of
September 1, 2017. NIH awarded a grant to the PI's institution. The award supports one ongoing non-exempt human
subjects
research study that is being conducted at three U.S. sites. Each site relies on its own local IRB for review and
approval for the ongoing study. NIH plans to fund the PI's competing renewal award next month. NIH asks the PI for
Just-In-Time (JIT) information, including the name of the sIRB of record for the multi-site study.
</p>
<h3>
Sections 1 Questions
</h3>
<div data-ds-id="k4p5mvp5" class="accordion accordion-flush" id="section1">
<div class="accordion-item border border-light border-2 mb-2">
<h2 class="accordion-header" id="headingOne1">
<button class="accordion-button bg-light" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"
data-bs-target="#collapseOne1" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="collapseOne1"><strong
class="text-dark"> 1. Is the study required to have a sIRB? Why or why not?</strong></button>
</h2>
<div class="accordion-collapse collapse show" id="collapseOne1" aria-labelledby="headingOne1"
data-bs-parent="#section1">
<div class="accordion-body">
<strong>YES.</strong> The study is subject to the NIH sIRB policy because the study involves non-exempt
human subjects research at more than
one U.S. site and the competing renewal application was submitted for a due date after January 25, 2018.
This is true
even though the study is ongoing and has not previously used a sIRB. The sIRB should be in place before
the new award is
funded.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="accordion-item border border-light border-2 mb-2">
<h2 class="accordion-header" id="headingTwo">
<button class="accordion-button bg-light collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"
data-bs-target="#collapseTwo1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseTwo1"><strong
class="text-dark"> 2. If the initial IRB approval date for the study was December 1, 2019, does this
change your answer to question #1?</strong></button>
</h2>
<div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapseTwo1" aria-labelledby="headingTwo"
data-bs-parent="#section1">
<div class="accordion-body">
<strong>NO.</strong> The initial IRB approval date is not a consideration for determining if the study
is subject to the NIH single IRB
Policy requirement.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>
Section 2. Justifications for an Exception to the NIH sIRB Policy
</h2>
<p>
The PI initially requested a budget for the renewal application without considering the cost associated with an
sIRB.
The PI now finds that sIRB costs will exceed the proposed budget and sends the Program Official (PO) an
exception
request to the sIRB requirement. In the request, the PI justifies the exception request by explaining that the
original
award budget would not cover the cost of an sIRB. Furthermore, because all the participating sites already have
their
own protocol documents, informed consent documents, and recruitment procedures, the PI believes that the sites
are
not
conducting the same research protocol and therefore are not subject to the NIH sIRB Policy requirement.
</p>
<h3>
Section 2 Questions
</h3>
<div class="accordion-item border border-light border-2 mb-2">
<h2 class="accordion-header" id="headingThree">
<button class="accordion-button bg-light" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"
data-bs-target="#collapseThree1" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="collapseThree1"><strong
class="text-dark"> 3. Is lack of money in the award budget sufficient rationale for an sIRB
exception request?</strong></button>
</h2>
<div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapseThree1" aria-labelledby="headingThree"
data-bs-parent="#section1">
<div class="accordion-body">
<strong>NO.</strong> Applicants or offerors must include all <a
href="/faqs#/hs-single-IRB-policy-for-multi-site-research.htm?anchor=54923">necessary sIRB costs</a>
in the proposed budget of the NIH application or contract proposal. An Insufficient amount in the award
budget is not a
compelling justification for an sIRB exception to the NIH sIRB Policy. Check the <a
href="/policy-and-compliance/policy-topics/human-subjects/single-irb-policy-multi-site-research">NIH Single IRB for Multi-Site
or Cooperative Research website</a> for additional information.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="accordion-item border border-light border-2 mb-2">
<h2 class="accordion-header" id="headingFour">
<button class="accordion-button bg-light collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"
data-bs-target="#collapseFour1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseFour1"><strong
class="text-dark"> 4. The PI notes that each site has its own protocol which was approved by each
site's local IRB. The PI contends that
each site's unique recruitment procedures and forms mean that each site is conducting a different
protocol. Are the
three sites considered to be conducting different protocols under the NIH sIRB
Policy?</strong></button>
</h2>
<div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapseFour1" aria-labelledby="headingFour"
data-bs-parent="#section1">
<div class="accordion-body">
<strong>NO.</strong> NIH considers protocols that address the same research questions, involve the same
research methodologies, and evaluate
the same outcomes to be the “same research protocol.” Sites that are accruing research participants for
studies that are
identical except for variations due to local context consideration, such as different recruitment
procedures and
different informed consent forms, are also conducting the “same research protocol.” See <a
href="/faqs#/hs-single-IRB-policy-for-multi-site-research.htm?anchor=56655">FAQ A2</a> on the <a
href="/faqs#/">NIH sIRB for Multi-Site or Cooperative Research FAQ page</a> for additional
information.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="accordion-item border border-light border-2 mb-2">
<h2 class="accordion-header" id="headingFive">
<button class="accordion-button bg-light collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"
data-bs-target="#collapseFive1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseFive1"><strong
class="text-dark">
5. NIH informs the PI that the justification in the exception request is not compelling and will not
be considered for an
exception. The PI modifies the justification and points out that the new award will be made in one
month and it will
take at least six to eight months to stand up an sIRB for all three sites. The PI expresses concerns
that this delay
will halt the ongoing research study. Is this a sufficient justification for an sIRB exception to
the NIH sIRB Policy?</strong></button>
</h2>
<div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapseFive1" aria-labelledby="headingFive"
data-bs-parent="#section1">
<div class="accordion-body">
<strong>NO.</strong> The NIH <a href="/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-16-094.html">sIRB Policy</a> is
clear that this study would need a single IRB at the time of the next competitive renewal. Recipients
are responsible
for initiating the steps with enough time to have the sIRB in place by the time of the competing renewal
award.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>
Section 3. Next Steps
</h2>
<p>
Ultimately, the PI's exception request is denied for the following reasons:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
NIH does not consider the cost associated with a sIRB as a compelling justification.
</li>
<li>
NIH considers the sites to be conducting the same research protocol, even when there are variations in site
procedures
due to local context considerations. Thus, the NIH sIRB policy requirements apply to all sites in this
study.
</li>
</ul>
<h3>
Section 3 Questions
</h3>
<div class="accordion-item border border-light border-2 mb-2">
<h2 class="accordion-header" id="headingSix">
<button class="accordion-button bg-light" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"
data-bs-target="#collapseSix1" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="collapseSix1"><strong
class="text-dark"> 6. Without an exemption, what should the PI do?</strong></button>
</h2>
<div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapseSix1" aria-labelledby="headingSix"
data-bs-parent="#section1">
<div class="accordion-body">
The PI should contact their PO to discuss next steps. As soon as possible, the PI should begin steps to
establish a
single IRB for this study.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>
Summary
</h2>
<p>
The study described in this case is subject to the NIH single IRB Policy requirement.
</p>
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<div class="ps-3">
<strong>Tip</strong>
<div>
Learn more on the <a href="/policy-and-compliance/policy-topics/human-subjects/single-irb-policy-multi-site-research">NIH Single
IRB
for Multi-site or Cooperative Research website</a>.
</div>
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