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<meta name="description" content="Dr. Jeff Lichtman and colleagues published a paper in Cell outlining a series of techniques for sectioning, reconstructing, and analyzing a discrete volume of mouse brain tissue with nanometer resolution. Advancing the automated collection and processing of cortical tissue at the nanometer scale, this project stems from a collaborative, six-year effort of multiple researchers currently supported by The BRAIN Initiative®." />
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<title>BRAIN Investigators Produce Automated Technique Allowing High Resolution Reconstruction of Mouse Cortex | BRAIN Initiative</title>
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<h1 class="title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">BRAIN Investigators Produce Automated Technique Allowing High Resolution Reconstruction of Mouse Cortex</span>
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<div class="field field--name-field-simple-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field__item"><time datetime="2015-08-11T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">August 11, 2015</time>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><em>Dr.&nbsp;Jeff&nbsp;Lichtman and colleagues published a paper in Cell outlining a series of techniques for sectioning, reconstructing, and analyzing a discrete volume of mouse brain tissue with nanometer resolution. Advancing the automated collection and processing of cortical tissue at the nanometer scale, this project stems from a collaborative, six-year effort of multiple researchers currently supported by The BRAIN Initiative®.</em></p>
<p>In collaboration with multiple BRAIN-funded investigators, Dr. Jeff Lichtman of Harvard University leads a <a href="http://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(15)00824-7">recent publication in <i>Cell</i></a> that describes and tests a new, automated method to probe the physical construction of cortical areas in the brain on a nanometer scale. The approaches and results put forth in the paper directly address multiple <a href="http://braininitiative.nih.gov/pdf/BRAIN2025_508C.pdf">goals of the NIH BRAIN Initiative</a>, including cross-disciplinary efforts to develop technologies to better characterize cell types and their connections throughout the brain.</p>
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<source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_/public/brain_blog_media/image/mouse_neocortex.png?itok=5VE5CJsW 1x" media="all and (min-width: 62em) and (max-width: 74.99em)" type="image/png" width="260" height="300">
<source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_medium/public/brain_blog_media/image/mouse_neocortex.png?itok=ylD0tdOp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 48em) and (max-width: 61.99em)" type="image/png" width="260" height="300">
<source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_small/public/brain_blog_media/image/mouse_neocortex.png?itok=gmKYfcVm 1x" media="all and (min-width: 34em) and (max-width: 47.99em)" type="image/png" width="260" height="300">
<img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_small/public/brain_blog_media/image/mouse_neocortex.png?itok=gmKYfcVm" width="260" height="300" alt="For more stunning images from mouse neocortex, visit this Huffington Post article. external link (Image use with permission of J.W. Lichtman.)">
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<figcaption>For more stunning images from mouse neocortex, visit this <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/mouse-brain-color-images_55bf7abbe4b0b23e3ce33ef2?utm_hp_ref=science&amp;ir=Science&amp;section=science&amp;kvcommref=mostpopular">Huffington Post article</a>. (Image use with permission of J.W. Lichtman.)</figcaption>
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<p>The authors detail an automatic tape-collecting ultra-microtome (ATUM) that uses a diamond knife to slice serial, 29-nanometer sections of mouse brain onto running tape, allowing researchers to accumulate thousands of ultra-fine sections of neocortex. Following imaging of the sections using a scanning electron microscope, the investigators employ a suite of computer programs for virtual reconstruction of the cortical area, and subsequent analysis of cellular processes therein. Investigators analyzed the saturated, reconstructed volume of cortex across multiple scales to identify and quantify cellular objects (such as axons, dendrites, and glial support cells), sub-cellular components (including synapses, synaptic vesicles, and mitochondria), and cellular connectivity. Using a 0.13mm<sup>3</sup> volume of mouse somatosensory neocortex, Lichtman and colleagues built a minable database where they could explore differences in physical properties across cells, notably how one might most accurately predict connectivity between excitatory cells. While the authors note numerous analytical challenges presented by the complex, high-resolution data obtained at present, <a href="/glossary?title=BRAIN" class="glossary-tooltip" data-toggle="tooltip" title="The Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies Initiative aims to accelerate the development and application of innovate technologies to produce a new, dynamic picture of the brain.">BRAIN</a> Initiative funding across federal agencies incorporates improving methods of analysis and sharing for large datasets hopefully making such difficulties surmountable in the near future.</p>
<p>Reference: Kasthuri N <i>et al.</i> (2015) Saturated reconstruction of a volume of neocortex. <i>Cell</i>. 162(3):648-661.</p>
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<source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_small/public/brain_blog_media/image/cortex_panels.png?itok=25QMQ3x1 1x" media="all and (min-width: 34em) and (max-width: 47.99em)" type="image/png" width="440" height="211">
<img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_small/public/brain_blog_media/image/cortex_panels.png?itok=25QMQ3x1" width="440" height="211" alt="From Figure 3: Panel E is an image of the saturated, reconstructed volume of mouse somatosensory neocortex. Panels F-N are images of various cellular objects from within the reconstructed volume. Researchers quantified these objects and measured their relationship to one another throughout the entire volume of cortex. (Image used with permission of J.W. Lichtman.)">
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<figcaption>From Figure 3: Panel E is an image of the saturated, reconstructed volume of mouse somatosensory neocortex. Panels F-N are images of various cellular objects from within the reconstructed volume. Researchers quantified these objects and measured their relationship to one another throughout the entire volume of cortex. (Image used with permission of J.W. Lichtman.)</figcaption>
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